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单词 poundage
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poundagen.1

Brit. /ˈpaʊndɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈpaʊndɪdʒ/
Forms: late Middle English pundage, late Middle English–1700s pondage, late Middle English– poundage, 1600s powndage.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: pound n.1, -age suffix.
Etymology: < pound n.1 + -age suffix. Compare Anglo-Norman pondage , poundage (early 15th cent. or earlier), post-classical Latin pondagium poundage levied for repair of walls (1304, 1420 in British sources), poundage, pesage, toll (1404, 1503 in British sources), both with first element ultimately < Middle English pound pound n.1
1.
a. A duty or tax of so much per pound sterling on merchandise; spec. a subsidy, usually of twelve pence in the pound, formerly granted by Parliament to the Crown, on all imports and exports except bullion and commodities paying tonnage. Cf. tonnage n. 1. Now historical.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > [noun] > per pound sterling
poundage1422
1422 Rolls of Parl. IV. 173/2 A subsidie of Tonage and Poundage..that is to sey, of every Tunne iii s., and xii d. of every Pounde.
a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 123 (MED) Pondage and tonnage mey not be rekenned as parcell off the revenues wich the kynge hath ffor the mayntenance off his estate.
c1475 (c1399) Mum & Sothsegger (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) iv. 16 His puruyours toke, Withoute preiere at a parlement, a poundage..And a fifteneth and a dyme eke.
1509–10 Act 1 Hen. VIII c. 20 §1 Another Subsidie called Poundage, that ys to sey: of all maner merchaundises..caryed out of this..Realme or brought into the same by wey of merchaundise of the value of every xxs., xijd.
1582 Rates Custome House (new ed.) To Rdr. sig. Aj v The..poundage for all maner of merchandise aswel outwards as inwards.
1621 R. Bolton Statutes Ireland 69 [12 Edw. IV] To the intent that the king..shall not be deceived of his Custome, Cocket, Tonage and poundage.
1628 King Charles I Answer xix. Propositions Parl. in Wks. (1662) I. 370 As for Tonnage and Poundage it is a thing I cannot want and was never intended by you to ask.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. xxiv. 150 He knowes well that cunning is no burthen to carry, as paying neither portage by land, nor poundage by sea.
1696 R. Coke Detection Court & State Eng. I. ii. i. 252 And that Tunnage and Poundage was levied, though by no Act of Parliament, and the Guard of the Seas neglected.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. viii. 315 Those [subsidies] of tonnage and poundage, in particular, were at first granted, as the old statutes (and particularly 1 Eliz. c. 19.) express it, for the defence of the realm, and the keeping and safeguard of the seas.
1888 W. Denton Eng. in 15th Cent. ii. 229 Tonnage and poundage..were voted by parliament to the sovereign, sometimes for two or for three years, and sometimes for the lifetime of the king.
1978 Eng. Hist. Rev. 93 587 The meagre revenue came from poundage on prohibited wares exported under licence.
1988 Oxf. Illustr. Encycl. III. 94/1 Tunnage and poundage was introduced under Edward II.
2002 D. A. Orr Treason & State iv. 117 The following particulars concerned the actual collection of extraparliamentary levies of ship money and tonnage and poundage.
b. gen. A payment of so much per pound sterling, or so much per cent in other currencies, upon the amount of any transaction in which money passes; a commission, or fee, of so much a pound or so much per cent.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > per pound sterling
poundage1599
1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 16 There beeing two hundreth in it worth three hundred pounde a peece, with poundage and shillings to the lurtched.
1693 T. Southerne Maids Last Prayer iii. iii I shall be paid in crack't money, and pay poundage into the bargain.
1749 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 10 Jan. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1292 Pay that money..yourself, and not through the hands of any servant, who always..stipulates poundage.
1835 Crompton, Meeson & Roscoe's Rep. II. 334 The sheriff is entitled to poundage on the whole amount of the goods levied.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 309 The paymaster of the forces had a poundage, amounting to about five thousand a year, on all the money which passed through his hands.
1892 E. K. Blyth in Law Times 93 488/2 Scandalously high court fees charged by way of poundage.
1906 Times 1 May 4/4 The commission, or poundage, on these [postal] orders varies from ½d. to 1½d.
1971 N.Y. Law Jrnl. 23 Nov. 20/5 Conditional upon the defendant reimbursing the plaintiff in the sum of $21 expended in connection with the issuance of the execution..and also the amount of the poundage, if any.
1993 Dict. National Biogr.: Missing Persons 70/2 Blackwell and Deane received a basic salary plus poundage according to the level of military spending.
c. A percentage of the total earnings of any concern, paid as wages to (some of) those engaged in it, sometimes in addition to a fixed wage.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > payment for labour or service > [noun] > extra payments
lowancea1325
bonus1759
understanding1826
reach1851
talent money1859
trip money1891
poundage1892
proficiency pay1906
loading1937
weighting1946
incentive1948
holiday loading1986
1892 Labour Comm. Gloss. Poundage, a system in vogue in the slate industry to adjust the wages of the workmen. Every month when the claims of the slate quarrymen are made out an addition of so much in the pound is made upon the slate bill, that is, the payment due according to the standard rates. Poundage, the system under which the wages of tacklers or overlookers in cotton mills are based upon the output of the looms, being so much in the pound on the total earnings of the weavers under their charge.
1892 Times 5 Jan. 8/2 When the men were paid at the quarry offices..they handed over..to the ‘contractor’ varying sums of ‘poundage’.
1901 Westm. Gaz. 6 Sept. 8/1 The principle of poundage was agreed to by the men, who, however, prefer a higher fixed wage and less poundage.
1957 Brit. Jrnl. Sociol. 8 347 This bonus payment (‘poundage’ and ‘oil-money’) is paid in a lump sum at the end of the voyage.
2002 Lincs. Echo (Nexis) 29 Oct. 32 They [sc. fleet owners] tried to introduce a new pay system—poundage—based on a share of the catch.
2. A payment or charge of so much per pound weight; payment by weight.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > by weight
poundagec1503
tonnage1617
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xxxvv/1 To poundage perteynen that euery marchaundise that shalbe sold be weight brought in to london [etc.].
1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum at Pondus In old Records, Poundage, a duty paid to the Queen according to the weight of merchandizes.
1891 J. Simson Hist. Thanet 148 Under the act of 1812 the duties in those days called ‘lastage’ or ‘poundage’ were adjusted.
1904 Westm. Gaz. 16 Dec. 5/2 The Commonwealth Postal Department has now finally decided not to seek to renew the contract, but to rely on getting letters forwarded on a poundage basis, as provided by the Postal Union rules.
1969 Technol. & Culture 10 404 The airline's chief revenue came from government postal contracts with payments computed on a straight poundage basis.
3. Betting. Extravagant odds. Cf. pound v.3 4. Obsolete.
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society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > betting > [noun] > odds > high odds
poundage1816
overlay1942
1816 Sporting Mag. 48 234 The poundage was here offered, but no takers.
1894 J. D. Astley Fifty Years of my Life II. 83 At Newmarket it would have been poundage on my horse.
4.
a. Weight in pounds.
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the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > pound > weight in pounds
poundage1899
1899 Times 4 Sept. 9/2 Although he [sc. a horse] was conceding liberal poundage to his opponents he won in a canter.
1903 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Jan. 60/1 Our heaviest [fish] at that date was 20 lb., and there seemed to be a want of proportion in the business, an almost indelicate exuberance of poundage.
1956 Strength & Health Nov. 42/2 Do you have recurring dream patterns such as..attempting to lift a world record poundage?
2004 Racing Post (Nexis) 3 Sept. 12 The range of weights has been significantly reduced, and trainers are inclined to take their charges elsewhere if they are assigned a poundage that the likes of Bold Ruler and Forli would have treated as so many feathers.
b. spec. A person's weight, esp. that which is regarded as excess.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > broad shape or physique > [noun] > fat or plump shape or physique > state of having
fatnessc1000
greasea1340
corsiousnessc1440
fleshiness1541
plumpness1545
corporateness1547
fogginess1547
fleshliness1552
corpulency1577
corpulence1581
corsiness1587
fullness1599
obesity1611
pinguitude1623
obeseness1653
aletude1656
portliness1658
eventriqueness1667
rotundity1684
fat1726
rotundness1727
bloatedness1732
embonpoint1751
roundness1763
repleteness1770
plumpitude1828
corporosity1837
stoutness1838
crumb1843
plumptitude1843
roundedness1849
chubbiness1850
adiposeness1868
roundliness1870
buxomness1875
bloat1905
tubbiness1906
poundage1915
overweight1917
endomorphy1940
plumpishness1947
pudge1967
morbid obesity1969
1915 Baseball Mag. June 39/1 Added weight has driven many a good ballplayer out of the game and yet, in many cases, extra bulk, a large increase in poundage, has helped to keep a player in the business.
1930 P. G. Wodehouse Very Good, Jeeves iv. 93 Women who have anything to do with opera..always appear to run to surplus poundage.
1971 Time 5 Apr. 44/3 With his hair transplant and added poundage.
1986 Fortune 18 Aug. 33/3 People with a predisposition toward poundage must of course eat sensibly and, even more important, get proper exercise.
5. In some technical uses: the concentration of a solution (originally brine) expressed as the number of pounds contained per gallon or (locally) per cubic foot. Now rare.
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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > salt manufacture > [noun] > quantity in brine
poundage1907
1907 E. Hampden-Cook Let. 23 May (O.E.D. Archive) Poundage..[is] the weight of salt contained in one gallon of brine. This is usually about 2 lb 10 oz. If it is as little as 2 lb 8 oz the brine is not marketable... The poundage is measured by a graduated hollow glass instrument, similar to that used for ascertaining the specific gravity of a liquid.
1907 E. Hampden-Cook Let. 29 May (O.E.D. Archive) In the definition of the word Poundage, which I sent you, ‘gallon’ is not the Imperial, but the old wine gallon... The word Poundage is in constant use at the Cheshire and Staffordshire Salt Works..but is never used at Droitwich!
1972 Materials & Technol. V. xi. 337 Shellac concentration in solution is usually described by the poundage (i.e. pounds of shellac in 1 gallon of industrial spirit).

Compounds

General attributive.
poundage money n. now historical
ΚΠ
1642 Subsidie of Tonnage, Poundage, & Other Summess of Money 9 It shall and may be lawfull..to carry and transport out of this Realme..all and euery kind of Heerings or other Sea-fish,..without paying any Custome, Subsidy or Poundage money.
2006 D. M. Valenze Social Life of Money 194 The clerk and under-sheriff..extracted poundage money, fraudulent gratuities, and fees for their services.
poundage system n.
ΚΠ
1909 Daily Chron. 13 Aug. 4/3 The fairest system is that which the Bill applies in the case of clubs; namely, a poundage system on the business done.
1995 Palm Beach (Florida) Post (Nexis) 30 Apr. 11 c The poundage system didn't treat all lakes and all [fishing] tournaments equally.
poundage tax n.
ΚΠ
1856 Proc. Essex (Mass.) Inst. 1848–56 1 255 He resisted payment of ship money, and opposed the tonnage and poundage tax.
1909 Westm. Gaz. 12 May 2/2 The two resolutions were for a Customs duty on imported beer and for a poundage-tax on the liquor sold in clubs.
2003 Sunday Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) (Nexis) 27 Apr. c2 A small portion [of the proposed budget] comes from the state general fund, from poundage taxes on commercial fish landings.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

poundagen.2

Brit. /ˈpaʊndɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈpaʊndɪdʒ/
Forms: 1500s pondage, 1600s– poundage.
Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably also partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Latin pondagium ; pound v.2, -age suffix.
Etymology: In quot. 1554 at sense 1 probably < post-classical Latin pondagium (from 14th cent. in British sources; also poundagium , pundagium ) < Middle English pounde pound n.2 + post-classical Latin -agium -age suffix. In later use directly < pound v.2 + -age suffix.
1. The action or right of impounding stray or trespassing animals; the charge levied upon the owner of animals or other assets which have been impounded.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > ransom > [noun] > fee for release from pound
poundlanec1280
poundlaw1541
poindlaw1553
poundage1554
pound fee1829
society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > legal seizure or recovery of property > [noun] > seizing lands or goods > impounding of stray cattle
pounding1428
parcage1449
pinnage1552
impounding1554
poundage1554
poindage1576
1554 Act 1 & 2 Philip & Mary c. 12 §2 No person..shall take for keping in [pr. im-] pownde impownding or pondage of any..Distres, above the somme of iiij d.
1660 in H. M. Burt First Cent. Hist. Springfield (1898) I. 274 And for Swine or any Cattle that are lyable to Poundage who ever shall Pound them, they shall have foure pence a head, for ye Poundage of them.
1759 in Huntington Town Rec. II. 445 Any person shall have Power..to pound any creatures in case his fence be judged sufficient..& recover Damage & ye poundage.
1845 S. Judd Margaret ii. v. 284 Molly I've known ever since she was dropt; she has brought in the strays, and many is the poundage she has saved Uncle Ket.
1906 Jrnl. Soc. Compar. Legislation 7 143 Poundage fees and disbursements are payable by the owner and are recoverable from the drover.
2002 Canberra Times (Nexis) 10 Nov. a2 According to a spokesman for Domestic Animal Services, the fee for a first ‘poundage’ is $100, second poundage $150 and third $200.
2. The keeping of animals in a pound or enclosure; an enclosure in which animals are kept. Now rare.
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the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > herding, pasturing, or confining > [noun] > keeping in enclosure
poundage1866
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal enclosure or house general > [noun] > enclosure > fold or pen
folda700
lockeOE
pen1227
foldingc1440
pend1542
cub1548
hull1570
corral1582
boolya1599
ree1674
crew1681
reeve1720
stell1766
pound1779
kraal1796
fank1812
poundage1866
forcing-yard1890
1866 C. Tomlinson Cycl. Useful Arts (new ed.) I. 3/2 [The slaughterman] only paying for the poundage of his beasts according to the requirements of his business.
1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXII. 644/1 The bye-laws usually provide..for the poundage to have floor-space sufficient for each animal.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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