poundingn.¹

Brit.

/ˈpaʊndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpaʊndɪŋ/

Forms: see pound v.² and -ing suffix¹; also Scottish pre-1700 pundding.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pound v.², -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < pound v.² + -ing suffix¹. Compare later pinding n. 1b, poinding n.With double pounding (see quot. 1605-6 at sense 1) compare double poinding in quot. 1585 at poinding n., and also later multiplepoinding n.

Now historical and rare.

†1. Scots Law. The action of pound v.² 1; an instance of this. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > legal seizure or recovery of property > [noun]

pounding1401

1401 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 380 Sa that hym nedit nocht in tyme to cum til mak sic pundyng and namly in our toon.

1424 in C. Rogers Coldstream Chartul. (1879) 42 That thai mak ony letting or obstakil or punding for the said land bot gif I..do it in propre person.

a1500 Burgh Laws iii, in Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 333/2 Of punding of uplandis men in burgh.

1540 in W. Cramond Rec. Elgin (1903) I. 50 The vrangus punding of Robert Dauidsone.

1605–6 Montrose Burgh Treasurer's Accts. 2 And lettres of dowbell pounding aganes the Laird of Arbuthnot.

1678 Rec. Dunblane Kirk Session in Sc. Antiquary (1891) 5 178 Horneing and pounding.

2. The action of confining cattle, etc., in a pound; impounding; damming up, confinement.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > legal seizure or recovery of property > [noun] > seizing lands or goods > impounding of stray cattle

pounding1428

parcage1449

pinnage1552

impounding1554

poundage1554

poindage1576

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > impounding of water

impoundment1664

ponding1673

pounding1791

pondage1841

1428–9 in H. T. Riley Chronica Monasterii S. Albani (1870) V. i. 269 Duodecim denarios ad poundyng.

1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 353 A Pinning or pounding of cattaile. Vide Pownde.

1602 N. Breton Wonders Worth Hearing sig. B A controuersie betweene two sorrye fellowes, about the pounding of a white Mare, whither by law it might be done or not.

1641 in Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1877) II. 60 The same hogg or swine..not to be fetched thence untill full satisfaction be made..for pounding and for carege.

1765 A. Wight in G. Sommervel Petition 18 May it..please your Lordships..to sustain the petitioner's poindings, and prefer him upon the price of the corns, to the extent of the debts upon which these poundings proceeded.

1791 R. Mylne in Rep. Engineers Commissioners Navigation Thames 29 The Pounding of the water by the New Locks.

1945 Folk-lore 56 253 ‘Pounding’ was the usual method of obtaining redress for cattle trespass, and strayed cattle were driven into the village pound.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

poundingn.²

Brit.

/ˈpaʊndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpaʊndɪŋ/

Forms:

α. 1500s powning.

β. 1600s punning, 1800s– punnin' (English regional).

γ. 1600s– pounding, 1800s paoundin (U.S. regional).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pound v.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < pound v.¹ + -ing suffix¹.

a. The action of crushing, bruising, or breaking up something with repeated heavy blows.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > grinding or pounding > [noun]

grindc1200

grinding1340

contritionc1384

brayingc1440

milling1466

braisinga1500

comminution1578

pealing1582

pounding1591

contusion1617

pulping1640

pistillation1646

trituration1646

triture1657

commolition1658

grist1676

porphyrization1771

comminuting1776

atomization1865

micronization1941

micronizing1941

α.

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Majadura Hammering, stamping, powning.

1599 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas (new ed.) xxiii. 318 Tormentes invented and inflicted by tyrants, haue been most hideous;..powning to death in motters, rowling in barrels of nailes [etc.].

β. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxv. viii. 224 Much adoe and trouble there is about the punning and stamping of it [sc. a herb].1662 H. Stubbe Indian Nectar 49 It will endure an indifferent boiling, or punning to powder, as do other Spices.1879 Cheshire Sheaf July 250/1 The gritstone of this neighbourhood, which is now ground by machinery into sand, was formerly pounded by hand labour, chiefly by women who used small hand hammers. The operation was termed punnin'.γ. 1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice f. 140^v Their Spice, by pounding, yeeldeth sweeter sent.1733 S.-Carolina Gaz. 14 July 4/1 The Pounding of Rice by Negroes, hath been of very great Damage to the Planters of this Province, by the excessive hard Labour that is required to Pound the said Rice, which has killed a large Number of Negroes.1789 J. Byng Diary 18 June in Torrington Diaries (1935) II. 58 We..saw..many children employ'd in the laborious pounding of the stone... The women wash the ore.1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries (1872) ii. 24 Reduced by pounding in a heavy mortar.1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Aug. 4/1 The juice of the apple, after being expressed by an operation called ‘pounding’, ferments.1971 Fashion Panorama (Ceylon) Apr.–June 30 The pounding of rice flour continued.2005 Independent (Nexis) 19 Feb. (Features) 4 When it comes to grinding plus heavy pounding, something..like this traditional Thai granite mortar will give superior results.

b. concrete. That which results from this action; pounded matter (in quot. 1872 in plural). Also: the quantity pounded at one time. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > grinding or pounding > [noun] > that which has been ground

pounds1562

stamping1594

rapings1596

rasping1617

grating1725

pounding1872

1872 J. S. Blackie Lays of Highlands p. xviii The sea bottom, covered with the poundings of these rocks.

1893 Daily News 28 Apr. 5/5 A certain London firm had taken his whole year's ‘pounding’ [of cider].

a. Striking or beating with the fist, a tool, etc.; loud knocking or thumping, as of the heart, a piece of machinery, or the beat of a piece of music; heavy firing; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > [noun] > heavily or severely

battering1542

pounding1633

dunting1683

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > [noun] > type of firing

point and blank1590

false fire1602

potting1613

point-blank1614

running fire1629

pounding1633

bulleting1635

platooning1706

sharp-shot1725

street firing1727

ricochet1740

fire curtain1744

plunging fire1747

reverse fire1758

sniping1773

enfilade1796

rapid fire1800

line-firing1802

concentric1804

sharpshooting1806

rake1810

sniping fire1821

cross-firing1837

file-firing1837

curved fire1854

night firing1856

file-fire1857

volley-firing1859

cross-fire1860

joy-firing1864

snap-shooting1872

stringing1873

pot-shooting1874

indirect fire1879

sweeping1907

rapid1913

curtain of fire1916

ripple1939

ripple-firing1940

ripple fire1961

1633 J. Shirley Wittie Faire One iv. sig. H2^v I'le venture an other pounding, but I'le be reveng'd on him.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics (1724) 47 Sicyonian berries feel The nimble Poundings of the clattering Steel.

1761 J. Newton Diary 26 Dec. in Deserted Village (1992) 112 We waited about an Hour for the Key. Self made a pounding at the three Tuns for the Key but it was not there.

1816 W. Scott Paul's Lett. to Kinsfolk 169 [Remark attributed to Wellington at Waterloo] Hard pounding this, gentlemen; let's see who will pound longest.

1858 J. Hampton in K. Young Delhi—1857 (1902) App. D. 331 We should have given the rascals a regular pounding.

1896 T. L. De Vinne in Moxon's Mech. Exerc.: Printing (new ed.) II. 424 The pounding of a form..with furious blows from a heavy mallet.

a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) I. xvi. 277 The ambulance sped through the dimly lighted streets with clanging bell and heavy pounding of the horse's hoofs on the granite pavement.

1927 E. A. Robinson Tristram viii. 167 There was no sound anywhere in the whole house—Except the pounding of his heart.

1980 H. Engel Suicide Murders (1985) xxii. 141 Off in the distance I could hear the pounding of a drop-forge.

2005 Fort Worth (Texas) Star Telegram (Nexis) 8 Apr. 21 s Melodies and hooks are buried under heaps of guitar noise and guest drummer Dave Grohl's maniacal poundings.

b. colloquial. A resounding defeat; a severe setback; a damaging onslaught. Frequently in to take a pounding. Cf. beating n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > defeat or overthrow > [noun] > heavy or crushing

overset1456

Pharsalia1693

smashing1821

rout1831

sauve-qui-peut1861

drubbing1884

smash1888

pounding1912

shellacking1931

fucking?1945

bloodbath1967

wipeout1968

skinning1972

1912 W. Rauschenbusch Christianizing Social Order iv. i. 236 They learn to take the pounding of adversity with cool fortitude.

1951 Sport 30 Mar. 3/4 Leeds took a 4–1 pounding from Manchester City.

1975 Business Week 21 Apr. 66/3 Consumer finance..took a pounding in 1975.

1988 First Down 19 Nov. 22/3 Only Miami's 31-6 pounding at the hands of Buffalo on Monday night stopped the Jets falling from second in the division..to last.

1994 Wall St. Jrnl. 28 Nov. c7/4 Although small-cap technology stocks took a pounding in last week's sharp correction, they generally have been top performers among small-cap issues.

2001 Sunday Mail (Glasgow) (Electronic ed.) 25 Mar. Bookies are set to offer the stingiest odds ever laid on the General Election after taking a pounding from punters in the 1997 poll.

3. Heavy riding.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > heavily

bucketing1856

pounding1887

1887 A. Jessopp Arcady iv. 116 The dreary pounding back at night in the dark, to find the baby sick.

1990 Chron. Horse 11 May 41/1 Road founder, caused by too much pounding on hard surfaces, is different from other types of laminitis.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

pounding machine n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for altering consistency > [noun] > crushing or grinding

mullet1398

mill1560

rammer1630

pulverizer1635

crackera1640

hand mill1656

grinder1688

mortar1733

pestle mill1773

pulverer1778

bruiser1809

smasher1822

muller1823

pug mill1824

crusher1825

pounding machine1839

pug1859

disintegrator1874

micronizer1934

1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 813 A stamping mill or pounding machine.

1862 Sci. Amer. 23 Aug. 118/2 The workmen who superintend the pounding machines are continually adding the crushed [mustard] seed or removing the finished powder.

1999 Detroit News (Nexis) 14 Oct. 4 d The pounding machines are designed to mimic the wear and tear of traffic across the bridge.

pounding mill n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific jobs are done > [noun] > pounding

pounding house1656

pounding mill1785

society > occupation and work > equipment > mills > [noun] > other mills

martinet?c1475

watermill1580

overfall mill1615

breast mill1659

undershot1705

merchant mill1759

pounding mill1785

floating mill1796

steam-mill1801

pecker1802

chip mill1819

1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 43 A good situation on a creek for a pounding mill.

1849 C. Lanman Lett. Alleghany Mountains i. 17 The vein gold is brought to light by means of what is called a pounding mill.

1996 Past & Present 153 121 One patent request in 1733 by Peter Villeponteux for a mechanical pounding-mill matter-of-factly describes the toll on slave labourers with existing hand-processing technology.

C2.

pounding barrel n. now rare a barrel in which clothes are pounded in water to clean them.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > vessel for washing clothes in

wash-bowla1529

buck1530

boyne1532

washing-tub1560

wash-tub1602

bucking-tub1615

buck-vat1620

washing-bowl1622

swill1624

possing tub1659

suds-tub1805

bucking-vat1822

bucking-keir1823

peggy tub1823

poss-tub1829

pounding barrel1853

posskit1855

wash-boiler1875

washpot1926

1853 Michigan Agric. Soc. Trans. 4 87 One pounding barrel, for clothes.

1869 H. B. Stowe Oldtown Folks xxvii. 340 The thunder of the pounding-barrel, announced that the washing was to be got out of the way before daylight.

1894 R. E. Robinson Danvis Folks 176 I don't see..haow [sic] father ever got holt o' his boots when I'd hid 'em in the paoundin' berril.

† pounding house n. Obsolete = pound house n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific jobs are done > [noun] > pounding

pounding house1656

pounding mill1785

1656 tr. J. A. Comenius Latinæ Linguæ Janua Reserata: Gate Lat. Tongue Unlocked xxxv. §353 Their work-hous was called pistrinum or a punning-hous.

1776 Farmer's Mag. Dec. 333 From the kiln it is carried to the pounding-house, to be pounded.

pounding match n. colloquial a fight involving repeated exchanges of blows; also in extended use (esp. with reference to artillery warfare).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [noun] > a fight

bicker1297

fightc1300

tirpeilc1330

ragea1393

stradec1400

intermell1489

cockfighta1513

skirm1534

bustle1579

pell-mellc1586

brabble1587

jostle1607

scufflea1616

counterbuff1632

mêléea1648

roil1690

tussle1749

scrimmage1780

turn-up1810

scrape1812

pounding match1815

mellay1819

struggle1840

mix-up1841

scrap1846

rough-up1891

turn-to1893

push and shove1895

bagarre1897

stoush1908

dogfight1910

bundle1936

sort-out1937

yike1940

bassa-bassa1956

punch-up1958

thump-up1967

1815 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) XII. 529 You will have heard of our battle of the 18^th. Never did I see such a pounding match... Napoleon did not manœuvre at all.

1882 Daily Republican (Decatur) 8 Feb. 2/1 Such an exhibition as that in which two human bullies pit themselves against each other in a pounding match.

2002 Daily Rec. (Scotland) (Nexis) 22 Mar. 48 Leave it to the weapons officer and he will choose the speed, tactics and approach, which results in a pounding match, the bigger guns turning out winners.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

poundingn.³

Brit.

/ˈpaʊndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpaʊndɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pound n.¹, -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < pound n.¹ + -ing suffix¹.

1. Coining. The action or process of testing the weight of coins (or of the blanks to be minted) by weighing the number of these which ought to make a pound weight (or a certain number of pounds), and ascertaining by how much they vary from the standard. Now disused.In former times, in the Indenture under which the Master of the Royal Mint produced coins for the Sovereign, a limit was assigned within which the weight was to be maintained; it being impossible to make every coin of the exact weight, it was customary to fix the number of grains variation permissible in each pound weight, taken at random from the mass of coins (known as the ‘remedy’: see remedy n. 4). Thus, for gold coins, in which 20 troy pounds of standard gold made 934¹/ ₂ sovereigns, the Indenture of 1817 allowed a margin of ‘twelve grains in the pound weight and no more’. By the Coinage Act of 1870, the ‘remedy’ was fixed on the piece, as ¹/ ₅ grain on each sovereign, each of which was henceforth weighed separately.

ΚΠ

1871 G. F. Ansell Royal Mint (ed. 3) 35 According to the quality of the work..under operation, the trier tests more or less frequently the variations of weight in a given number of blanks. This process is called pounding, and is, next to the trying, the most important of his duties.

1890 Cent. Dict. Pounding, in coining, the process of testing repeatedly the weight of a given number of blanks punched from a sheet of gold or silver.

1907 N.E.D. at Pound v.³ Let. fr. Royal Mint, The present law is far more stringent, but (for particular purposes) we still constantly resort to pounding in the Mint, and always in the case of bronze coins.

2. U.S. regional. More fully pounding party. A pound party, esp. one given for a church minister.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > social gathering > party > [noun] > other parties

play-party1796

tail1837

surprise-party1840

street party1845

costume party1850

pound party1869

all-nighter1870

neighbourhood party1870

simcha1874

ceilidh1875

studio party1875

pounding1883

house party1885

private function1888

shower1893

kitchen shower1896

kitchen evening1902

bottle party1903

pyjama party1910

block party1919

house party1923

after-party1943

slumber party1949

office party1950

freeload1952

hukilau1954

BYOB1959

pot party1959

bush party1962

BYO1965

wrap party1978

bop1982

warehouse party1988

rave1989

1883 Decatur (Illinois) Weekly Republican 3 May 1/4 The pounding was in the way of a treat... Members of the flock..[were] told to bring a pound package of something useful to present the pastor.

1935 B. K. Harris Purslane xxi. 140 Miss Cole..first suggested a pounding at Sunday School the next Sunday.

1975 N. McDonough Garden Sass iv. 140 We have the pounding each time a new preacher arrives to preach at our church.

2003 Daily Oklahoman (Nexis) 26 July 1 A housewarming and pounding party..produced gifts and furnishings for the Lorenzo family.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

poundingadj.

Brit.

/ˈpaʊndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈpaʊndɪŋ/

Forms: see pound v.¹ and -ing suffix².

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pound v.¹, -ing suffix².

Etymology: < pound v.¹ + -ing suffix².

That pounds (in various senses of pound v.¹).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > walking > [adjective] > having specific manner of walking > heavy

tramplinga1586

pounding1678

stumping1843

tramping1893

the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > [adjective] > beating heavily or severely

battering1587

pounding1678

pealing1740

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > grinding or pounding > [adjective]

pestling1616

comminuting1776

triturating1822

molar1844

pounding1894

tritural1901

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by speed or gait > [adjective] > galloping

walloping?a1400

galloping1642

pounding1904

1678 J. Phillips Maronides v. 83 Go get a Surgeon, Noble Festus, And dream no more of pounding Cestus.

1776 H. H. Brackenridge Battle Bunkers-Hill iv. i. 19 You hear the sound Of spades and pick-axes, upon the hill, Incessant, pounding, like old Vulcan's forge.

1865 J. S. Le Fanu Guy Deverell II. xi. 105 He..strode up with pounding steps to his dressing-room.

1894 B. Thomson South Sea Yarns 143 The ringing thud of the pounding kava-stones ceased.

1904 M. Hewlett Queen's Quair i. viii. 113 Ah, the adventure of it, the rush of air, the pounding horse, and the safe, fierce arms!

1947 J. Steinbeck Pearl i. 16 The pounding music of the enemy beat in his ears.

1995 J. Swanson Echoes of Call 14 I became extremely ill with a pounding headache and a stiff neck.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1401

n.²1591

n.³1871

adj.1678

单词	pounding
释义	poundingn.¹ Brit. /ˈpaʊndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpaʊndɪŋ/ Forms: see pound v.² and -ing suffix¹; also Scottish pre-1700 pundding. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pound v.², -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < pound v.² + -ing suffix¹. Compare later pinding n. 1b, poinding n.With double pounding (see quot. 1605-6 at sense 1) compare double poinding in quot. 1585 at poinding n., and also later multiplepoinding n. Now historical and rare. †1. Scots Law. The action of pound v.² 1; an instance of this. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > legal seizure or recovery of property > [noun] pounding1401 1401 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 380 Sa that hym nedit nocht in tyme to cum til mak sic pundyng and namly in our toon. 1424 in C. Rogers Coldstream Chartul. (1879) 42 That thai mak ony letting or obstakil or punding for the said land bot gif I..do it in propre person. a1500 Burgh Laws iii, in Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 333/2 Of punding of uplandis men in burgh. 1540 in W. Cramond Rec. Elgin (1903) I. 50 The vrangus punding of Robert Dauidsone. 1605–6 Montrose Burgh Treasurer's Accts. 2 And lettres of dowbell pounding aganes the Laird of Arbuthnot. 1678 Rec. Dunblane Kirk Session in Sc. Antiquary (1891) 5 178 Horneing and pounding. 2. The action of confining cattle, etc., in a pound; impounding; damming up, confinement. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > legal seizure or recovery of property > [noun] > seizing lands or goods > impounding of stray cattle pounding1428 parcage1449 pinnage1552 impounding1554 poundage1554 poindage1576 the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > artificially confined water > impounding of water impoundment1664 ponding1673 pounding1791 pondage1841 1428–9 in H. T. Riley Chronica Monasterii S. Albani (1870) V. i. 269 Duodecim denarios ad poundyng. 1574 J. Baret Aluearie P 353 A Pinning or pounding of cattaile. Vide Pownde. 1602 N. Breton Wonders Worth Hearing sig. B A controuersie betweene two sorrye fellowes, about the pounding of a white Mare, whither by law it might be done or not. 1641 in Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1877) II. 60 The same hogg or swine..not to be fetched thence untill full satisfaction be made..for pounding and for carege. 1765 A. Wight in G. Sommervel Petition 18 May it..please your Lordships..to sustain the petitioner's poindings, and prefer him upon the price of the corns, to the extent of the debts upon which these poundings proceeded. 1791 R. Mylne in Rep. Engineers Commissioners Navigation Thames 29 The Pounding of the water by the New Locks. 1945 Folk-lore 56 253 ‘Pounding’ was the usual method of obtaining redress for cattle trespass, and strayed cattle were driven into the village pound. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). poundingn.² Brit. /ˈpaʊndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpaʊndɪŋ/ Forms: α. 1500s powning. β. 1600s punning, 1800s– punnin' (English regional). γ. 1600s– pounding, 1800s paoundin (U.S. regional). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pound v.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < pound v.¹ + -ing suffix¹. 1. a. The action of crushing, bruising, or breaking up something with repeated heavy blows. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > grinding or pounding > [noun] grindc1200 grinding1340 contritionc1384 brayingc1440 milling1466 braisinga1500 comminution1578 pealing1582 pounding1591 contusion1617 pulping1640 pistillation1646 trituration1646 triture1657 commolition1658 grist1676 porphyrization1771 comminuting1776 atomization1865 micronization1941 micronizing1941 α. 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Majadura Hammering, stamping, powning. 1599 Bp. J. King Lect. Ionas (new ed.) xxiii. 318 Tormentes invented and inflicted by tyrants, haue been most hideous;..powning to death in motters, rowling in barrels of nailes [etc.]. β. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxv. viii. 224 Much adoe and trouble there is about the punning and stamping of it [sc. a herb].1662 H. Stubbe Indian Nectar 49 It will endure an indifferent boiling, or punning to powder, as do other Spices.1879 Cheshire Sheaf July 250/1 The gritstone of this neighbourhood, which is now ground by machinery into sand, was formerly pounded by hand labour, chiefly by women who used small hand hammers. The operation was termed punnin'.γ. 1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice f. 140^v Their Spice, by pounding, yeeldeth sweeter sent.1733 S.-Carolina Gaz. 14 July 4/1 The Pounding of Rice by Negroes, hath been of very great Damage to the Planters of this Province, by the excessive hard Labour that is required to Pound the said Rice, which has killed a large Number of Negroes.1789 J. Byng Diary 18 June in Torrington Diaries (1935) II. 58 We..saw..many children employ'd in the laborious pounding of the stone... The women wash the ore.1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries (1872) ii. 24 Reduced by pounding in a heavy mortar.1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Aug. 4/1 The juice of the apple, after being expressed by an operation called ‘pounding’, ferments.1971 Fashion Panorama (Ceylon) Apr.–June 30 The pounding of rice flour continued.2005 Independent (Nexis) 19 Feb. (Features) 4 When it comes to grinding plus heavy pounding, something..like this traditional Thai granite mortar will give superior results. b. concrete. That which results from this action; pounded matter (in quot. 1872 in plural). Also: the quantity pounded at one time. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > grinding or pounding > [noun] > that which has been ground pounds1562 stamping1594 rapings1596 rasping1617 grating1725 pounding1872 1872 J. S. Blackie Lays of Highlands p. xviii The sea bottom, covered with the poundings of these rocks. 1893 Daily News 28 Apr. 5/5 A certain London firm had taken his whole year's ‘pounding’ [of cider]. 2. a. Striking or beating with the fist, a tool, etc.; loud knocking or thumping, as of the heart, a piece of machinery, or the beat of a piece of music; heavy firing; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > [noun] > heavily or severely battering1542 pounding1633 dunting1683 society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > action of propelling missile > discharge of firearms > [noun] > type of firing point and blank1590 false fire1602 potting1613 point-blank1614 running fire1629 pounding1633 bulleting1635 platooning1706 sharp-shot1725 street firing1727 ricochet1740 fire curtain1744 plunging fire1747 reverse fire1758 sniping1773 enfilade1796 rapid fire1800 line-firing1802 concentric1804 sharpshooting1806 rake1810 sniping fire1821 cross-firing1837 file-firing1837 curved fire1854 night firing1856 file-fire1857 volley-firing1859 cross-fire1860 joy-firing1864 snap-shooting1872 stringing1873 pot-shooting1874 indirect fire1879 sweeping1907 rapid1913 curtain of fire1916 ripple1939 ripple-firing1940 ripple fire1961 1633 J. Shirley Wittie Faire One iv. sig. H2^v I'le venture an other pounding, but I'le be reveng'd on him. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics (1724) 47 Sicyonian berries feel The nimble Poundings of the clattering Steel. 1761 J. Newton Diary 26 Dec. in Deserted Village (1992) 112 We waited about an Hour for the Key. Self made a pounding at the three Tuns for the Key but it was not there. 1816 W. Scott Paul's Lett. to Kinsfolk 169 [Remark attributed to Wellington at Waterloo] Hard pounding this, gentlemen; let's see who will pound longest. 1858 J. Hampton in K. Young Delhi—1857 (1902) App. D. 331 We should have given the rascals a regular pounding. 1896 T. L. De Vinne in Moxon's Mech. Exerc.: Printing (new ed.) II. 424 The pounding of a form..with furious blows from a heavy mallet. a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) I. xvi. 277 The ambulance sped through the dimly lighted streets with clanging bell and heavy pounding of the horse's hoofs on the granite pavement. 1927 E. A. Robinson Tristram viii. 167 There was no sound anywhere in the whole house—Except the pounding of his heart. 1980 H. Engel Suicide Murders (1985) xxii. 141 Off in the distance I could hear the pounding of a drop-forge. 2005 Fort Worth (Texas) Star Telegram (Nexis) 8 Apr. 21 s Melodies and hooks are buried under heaps of guitar noise and guest drummer Dave Grohl's maniacal poundings. b. colloquial. A resounding defeat; a severe setback; a damaging onslaught. Frequently in to take a pounding. Cf. beating n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > defeat or overthrow > [noun] > heavy or crushing overset1456 Pharsalia1693 smashing1821 rout1831 sauve-qui-peut1861 drubbing1884 smash1888 pounding1912 shellacking1931 fucking?1945 bloodbath1967 wipeout1968 skinning1972 1912 W. Rauschenbusch Christianizing Social Order iv. i. 236 They learn to take the pounding of adversity with cool fortitude. 1951 Sport 30 Mar. 3/4 Leeds took a 4–1 pounding from Manchester City. 1975 Business Week 21 Apr. 66/3 Consumer finance..took a pounding in 1975. 1988 First Down 19 Nov. 22/3 Only Miami's 31-6 pounding at the hands of Buffalo on Monday night stopped the Jets falling from second in the division..to last. 1994 Wall St. Jrnl. 28 Nov. c7/4 Although small-cap technology stocks took a pounding in last week's sharp correction, they generally have been top performers among small-cap issues. 2001 Sunday Mail (Glasgow) (Electronic ed.) 25 Mar. Bookies are set to offer the stingiest odds ever laid on the General Election after taking a pounding from punters in the 1997 poll. 3. Heavy riding. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > [noun] > heavily bucketing1856 pounding1887 1887 A. Jessopp Arcady iv. 116 The dreary pounding back at night in the dark, to find the baby sick. 1990 Chron. Horse 11 May 41/1 Road founder, caused by too much pounding on hard surfaces, is different from other types of laminitis. Compounds C1. General attributive. pounding machine n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for altering consistency > [noun] > crushing or grinding mullet1398 mill1560 rammer1630 pulverizer1635 crackera1640 hand mill1656 grinder1688 mortar1733 pestle mill1773 pulverer1778 bruiser1809 smasher1822 muller1823 pug mill1824 crusher1825 pounding machine1839 pug1859 disintegrator1874 micronizer1934 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 813 A stamping mill or pounding machine. 1862 Sci. Amer. 23 Aug. 118/2 The workmen who superintend the pounding machines are continually adding the crushed [mustard] seed or removing the finished powder. 1999 Detroit News (Nexis) 14 Oct. 4 d The pounding machines are designed to mimic the wear and tear of traffic across the bridge. pounding mill n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific jobs are done > [noun] > pounding pounding house1656 pounding mill1785 society > occupation and work > equipment > mills > [noun] > other mills martinet?c1475 watermill1580 overfall mill1615 breast mill1659 undershot1705 merchant mill1759 pounding mill1785 floating mill1796 steam-mill1801 pecker1802 chip mill1819 1785 T. Jefferson Notes Virginia vi. 43 A good situation on a creek for a pounding mill. 1849 C. Lanman Lett. Alleghany Mountains i. 17 The vein gold is brought to light by means of what is called a pounding mill. 1996 Past & Present 153 121 One patent request in 1733 by Peter Villeponteux for a mechanical pounding-mill matter-of-factly describes the toll on slave labourers with existing hand-processing technology. C2. pounding barrel n. now rare a barrel in which clothes are pounded in water to clean them. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing clothes and textile articles > [noun] > vessel for washing clothes in wash-bowla1529 buck1530 boyne1532 washing-tub1560 wash-tub1602 bucking-tub1615 buck-vat1620 washing-bowl1622 swill1624 possing tub1659 suds-tub1805 bucking-vat1822 bucking-keir1823 peggy tub1823 poss-tub1829 pounding barrel1853 posskit1855 wash-boiler1875 washpot1926 1853 Michigan Agric. Soc. Trans. 4 87 One pounding barrel, for clothes. 1869 H. B. Stowe Oldtown Folks xxvii. 340 The thunder of the pounding-barrel, announced that the washing was to be got out of the way before daylight. 1894 R. E. Robinson Danvis Folks 176 I don't see..haow [sic] father ever got holt o' his boots when I'd hid 'em in the paoundin' berril. † pounding house n. Obsolete = pound house n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific jobs are done > [noun] > pounding pounding house1656 pounding mill1785 1656 tr. J. A. Comenius Latinæ Linguæ Janua Reserata: Gate Lat. Tongue Unlocked xxxv. §353 Their work-hous was called pistrinum or a punning-hous. 1776 Farmer's Mag. Dec. 333 From the kiln it is carried to the pounding-house, to be pounded. pounding match n. colloquial a fight involving repeated exchanges of blows; also in extended use (esp. with reference to artillery warfare). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > [noun] > a fight bicker1297 fightc1300 tirpeilc1330 ragea1393 stradec1400 intermell1489 cockfighta1513 skirm1534 bustle1579 pell-mellc1586 brabble1587 jostle1607 scufflea1616 counterbuff1632 mêléea1648 roil1690 tussle1749 scrimmage1780 turn-up1810 scrape1812 pounding match1815 mellay1819 struggle1840 mix-up1841 scrap1846 rough-up1891 turn-to1893 push and shove1895 bagarre1897 stoush1908 dogfight1910 bundle1936 sort-out1937 yike1940 bassa-bassa1956 punch-up1958 thump-up1967 1815 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) XII. 529 You will have heard of our battle of the 18^th. Never did I see such a pounding match... Napoleon did not manœuvre at all. 1882 Daily Republican (Decatur) 8 Feb. 2/1 Such an exhibition as that in which two human bullies pit themselves against each other in a pounding match. 2002 Daily Rec. (Scotland) (Nexis) 22 Mar. 48 Leave it to the weapons officer and he will choose the speed, tactics and approach, which results in a pounding match, the bigger guns turning out winners. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). poundingn.³ Brit. /ˈpaʊndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpaʊndɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pound n.¹, -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < pound n.¹ + -ing suffix¹. 1. Coining. The action or process of testing the weight of coins (or of the blanks to be minted) by weighing the number of these which ought to make a pound weight (or a certain number of pounds), and ascertaining by how much they vary from the standard. Now disused.In former times, in the Indenture under which the Master of the Royal Mint produced coins for the Sovereign, a limit was assigned within which the weight was to be maintained; it being impossible to make every coin of the exact weight, it was customary to fix the number of grains variation permissible in each pound weight, taken at random from the mass of coins (known as the ‘remedy’: see remedy n. 4). Thus, for gold coins, in which 20 troy pounds of standard gold made 934¹/ ₂ sovereigns, the Indenture of 1817 allowed a margin of ‘twelve grains in the pound weight and no more’. By the Coinage Act of 1870, the ‘remedy’ was fixed on the piece, as ¹/ ₅ grain on each sovereign, each of which was henceforth weighed separately. ΚΠ 1871 G. F. Ansell Royal Mint (ed. 3) 35 According to the quality of the work..under operation, the trier tests more or less frequently the variations of weight in a given number of blanks. This process is called pounding, and is, next to the trying, the most important of his duties. 1890 Cent. Dict. Pounding, in coining, the process of testing repeatedly the weight of a given number of blanks punched from a sheet of gold or silver. 1907 N.E.D. at Pound v.³ Let. fr. Royal Mint, The present law is far more stringent, but (for particular purposes) we still constantly resort to pounding in the Mint, and always in the case of bronze coins. 2. U.S. regional. More fully pounding party. A pound party, esp. one given for a church minister. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > social gathering > party > [noun] > other parties play-party1796 tail1837 surprise-party1840 street party1845 costume party1850 pound party1869 all-nighter1870 neighbourhood party1870 simcha1874 ceilidh1875 studio party1875 pounding1883 house party1885 private function1888 shower1893 kitchen shower1896 kitchen evening1902 bottle party1903 pyjama party1910 block party1919 house party1923 after-party1943 slumber party1949 office party1950 freeload1952 hukilau1954 BYOB1959 pot party1959 bush party1962 BYO1965 wrap party1978 bop1982 warehouse party1988 rave1989 1883 Decatur (Illinois) Weekly Republican 3 May 1/4 The pounding was in the way of a treat... Members of the flock..[were] told to bring a pound package of something useful to present the pastor. 1935 B. K. Harris Purslane xxi. 140 Miss Cole..first suggested a pounding at Sunday School the next Sunday. 1975 N. McDonough Garden Sass iv. 140 We have the pounding each time a new preacher arrives to preach at our church. 2003 Daily Oklahoman (Nexis) 26 July 1 A housewarming and pounding party..produced gifts and furnishings for the Lorenzo family. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). poundingadj. Brit. /ˈpaʊndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpaʊndɪŋ/ Forms: see pound v.¹ and -ing suffix². Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pound v.¹, -ing suffix². Etymology: < pound v.¹ + -ing suffix². That pounds (in various senses of pound v.¹). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > walking > [adjective] > having specific manner of walking > heavy tramplinga1586 pounding1678 stumping1843 tramping1893 the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > [adjective] > beating heavily or severely battering1587 pounding1678 pealing1740 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > grinding or pounding > [adjective] pestling1616 comminuting1776 triturating1822 molar1844 pounding1894 tritural1901 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by speed or gait > [adjective] > galloping walloping?a1400 galloping1642 pounding1904 1678 J. Phillips Maronides v. 83 Go get a Surgeon, Noble Festus, And dream no more of pounding Cestus. 1776 H. H. Brackenridge Battle Bunkers-Hill iv. i. 19 You hear the sound Of spades and pick-axes, upon the hill, Incessant, pounding, like old Vulcan's forge. 1865 J. S. Le Fanu Guy Deverell II. xi. 105 He..strode up with pounding steps to his dressing-room. 1894 B. Thomson South Sea Yarns 143 The ringing thud of the pounding kava-stones ceased. 1904 M. Hewlett Queen's Quair i. viii. 113 Ah, the adventure of it, the rush of air, the pounding horse, and the safe, fierce arms! 1947 J. Steinbeck Pearl i. 16 The pounding music of the enemy beat in his ears. 1995 J. Swanson Echoes of Call 14 I became extremely ill with a pounding headache and a stiff neck. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1401n.²1591n.³1871adj.1678
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poundingn.1

poundingn.2

Compounds

poundingn.3

poundingadj.

poundingn.¹

poundingn.²

poundingn.³