potential energyn.

Brit.

/pəˌtɛnʃl ˈɛnədʒi/, U.S.

/pəˌtɛn(t)ʃ(ə)l ˈɛnərdʒi/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: potential adj., energy n.

Etymology: < potential adj. + energy n.Compare post-classical Latin vis potentialis, lit. ‘potential energy’, apparently coined in the mid 18th cent. by L. Euler (building on earlier work by the three Bernoulli brothers, and contracting the fuller expression vis viva potentialis suggested by D. Bernouilli):1744 L. Euler Methodus inveniendi Lineas Curvas 246 Quamobrem cum vir celeberrimus..Daniel Bernoulli mihi indicasset se universam vim, quae in lamina elastica incurvata insit, una quadam formula quam vim potentialem appellat complecti posse.

Physics.

Energy which a body possesses by virtue of its position, state, or shape (such as gravitational, electrical, chemical, or nuclear energy), as opposed to that possessed on account of its motion. Contrasted with kinetic energy at kinetic adj. 2a.Introduced by Rankine in 1853, potential being opposed to actual (actual adj. 2a). Thomson and Tait (1867) substituted kinetic for actual, distinguishing potential energy from kinetic energy.Potential energy is often expressed as having a value equal to the energy required to bring the body to that state or position from one whose potential energy is arbitrarily defined as zero.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > energy or power of doing work > [noun] > specific types of energy

internal energy1654

positive energy1807

chemical energy1809

energy1852

potential energy1853

atomic energy1854

latent energy1854

static energy1869

free energy1884

rest energy1925

nuclear energy1958

radial energy1959

tangential energy1959

geothermal1960

dark energy1998

quintessence1998

1853 W. J. M. Rankine in Proc. Philos. Soc. Glasgow 3 276 By the occurrence of such changes, actual energy disappears, and is replaced by Potential or Latent Energy; which is measured by the product of a change of state into the resistance against which that change is made. (The vis viva of matter in motion, thermometric heat, radiant heat, light, chemical action, and electric currents, are forms of actual energy; amongst those of potential energy are those of the mechanical powers of gravitation, elasticity, chemical affinity, statical electricity, and magnetism.)

1876 P. G. Tait Lect. Recent Adv. in Physical Sci. (ed. 2) xiv. 358 Excellent instances of potential energy are supplied by..the wound up ‘weights’ of a clock,..by gunpowder, the chemical affinities of whose constituents are called into play by a spark [etc.].

1933 A. W. Barton Text Bk. Heat ix. 188 The molecules must be attracting one another to account for the cohesion of the solid and so some work will have to be done to move them apart. Therefore some of the heat given to the solid to cause it to expand becomes potential energy of the molecules.

1988 Antiquity 62 659/1 When an arrow is placed on the string and drawn the bow stores potential energy.

2000 S. Adams & J. Allday Adv. Physics iv. 162 The stored energy inside the capacitor is a form of potential energy.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	potential energy
释义	potential energyn. Brit. /pəˌtɛnʃl ˈɛnədʒi/, U.S. /pəˌtɛn(t)ʃ(ə)l ˈɛnərdʒi/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: potential adj., energy n. Etymology: < potential adj. + energy n.Compare post-classical Latin vis potentialis, lit. ‘potential energy’, apparently coined in the mid 18th cent. by L. Euler (building on earlier work by the three Bernoulli brothers, and contracting the fuller expression vis viva potentialis suggested by D. Bernouilli):1744 L. Euler Methodus inveniendi Lineas Curvas 246 Quamobrem cum vir celeberrimus..Daniel Bernoulli mihi indicasset se universam vim, quae in lamina elastica incurvata insit, una quadam formula quam vim potentialem appellat complecti posse. Physics. Energy which a body possesses by virtue of its position, state, or shape (such as gravitational, electrical, chemical, or nuclear energy), as opposed to that possessed on account of its motion. Contrasted with kinetic energy at kinetic adj. 2a.Introduced by Rankine in 1853, potential being opposed to actual (actual adj. 2a). Thomson and Tait (1867) substituted kinetic for actual, distinguishing potential energy from kinetic energy.Potential energy is often expressed as having a value equal to the energy required to bring the body to that state or position from one whose potential energy is arbitrarily defined as zero. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > energy or power of doing work > [noun] > specific types of energy internal energy1654 positive energy1807 chemical energy1809 energy1852 potential energy1853 atomic energy1854 latent energy1854 static energy1869 free energy1884 rest energy1925 nuclear energy1958 radial energy1959 tangential energy1959 geothermal1960 dark energy1998 quintessence1998 1853 W. J. M. Rankine in Proc. Philos. Soc. Glasgow 3 276 By the occurrence of such changes, actual energy disappears, and is replaced by Potential or Latent Energy; which is measured by the product of a change of state into the resistance against which that change is made. (The vis viva of matter in motion, thermometric heat, radiant heat, light, chemical action, and electric currents, are forms of actual energy; amongst those of potential energy are those of the mechanical powers of gravitation, elasticity, chemical affinity, statical electricity, and magnetism.) 1876 P. G. Tait Lect. Recent Adv. in Physical Sci. (ed. 2) xiv. 358 Excellent instances of potential energy are supplied by..the wound up ‘weights’ of a clock,..by gunpowder, the chemical affinities of whose constituents are called into play by a spark [etc.]. 1933 A. W. Barton Text Bk. Heat ix. 188 The molecules must be attracting one another to account for the cohesion of the solid and so some work will have to be done to move them apart. Therefore some of the heat given to the solid to cause it to expand becomes potential energy of the molecules. 1988 Antiquity 62 659/1 When an arrow is placed on the string and drawn the bow stores potential energy. 2000 S. Adams & J. Allday Adv. Physics iv. 162 The stored energy inside the capacitor is a form of potential energy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1853
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