powderyadj.

Brit.

/ˈpaʊd(ə)ri/, U.S.

/ˈpaʊd(ə)ri/

Forms: late Middle English poudry, late Middle English 1600s–1700s powdry, 1600s– powdery; Scottish 1700s 1900s– poutherie, 1700s 1900s– pouthery, 1800s poothery, 1800s– powdery, 1900s– poodery.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: powder n.¹, -y suffix¹.

Etymology: < powder n.¹ + -y suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French poudreux covered with dust (1100 in Old French), of a powdery consistency (19th cent. or earlier).

a. Of the nature or consistency of powder; consisting of fine loose particles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [adjective] > powdery or dusty

pulverous?a1425

powderyc1425

mealy1541

dusty1552

mully1570

pulverulentous1640

pulvereous1656

pulverulent1656

pulveral1657

powderal1662

farinaceous1664

smutty1667

snuffy1789

floury1830

pulverulous1841

c1425 tr. J. Arderne Treat. Fistula (Sloane 6) (1910) 59 (MED) Þe vryne schal be in colour remissed white with powdry resolucions, blak or blo, residentez in þe bothme of þe vessel.

a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 10107 Wyth powdry sondys out off noumbre.

1692 T. Tryon Good House-wife (ed. 2) v. 59 So soon as any Grain is bruised or broken into a powdery substance, the essential Spirits become thereby, as it were, violated, and liable to evaporation.

1768 Philos. Trans. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 57 230 A considerable portion of it..subsided in a powdery form to the bottom of the glass.

1799 W. Wordsworth Lucy Gray vii Her feet disperse the powdery snow, That rises up like smoke.

1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 596 The harrow..renders the baked surface-mould fine and powdery.

1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 562 The cells..forming, especially when dry, a loose, powdery mass.

1935 Aberd. Univ. Rev. July 222 An' the pouthery aise gaed furlin' roun' Till ye scarce could see yer han'.

1961 J. Carew Last Barbarian 19 The snow was crisp and powdery under his feet.

2005 Aviation Week (Nexis) 20 June 64 After twirling and twirling its wheels in powdery soil, Opportunity finally gained good traction on June 4.

b. Easily disintegrated into powder; friable.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > lack of density > [adjective] > loose texture > lacking cohesion > friable or crumbly

crumbly?1523

friable1563

crummy1567

mouldery1600

short1607

bruisable1611

powdery1657

brashya1722

pulverulent1794

powderous1863

1657 Sir T. Browne Nature's Cabinet Unlock'd i. 33 Iron is found in deep Mines, a powdry Mass, red and ponderous.

1728 J. Woodward Catal. Addit. Eng. Native Fossils 36 A brown, powdery Spar. They say it holds Iron. Found amongst the Iron-Ore.

1840 J. Pereira Elements Materia Medica II. 661 Many druggists prefer mealy sarsaparilla, that is, sarsaparilla whose cortex is brittle and powdery.

1960 B. Crump Good Keen Man 45 I once found him tearing a rotten log to pieces, scattering powdery wood all over the place.

1990 C. Pellant Rocks, Minerals & Fossils 47/1 Chalk is a very soft, often powdery, biomicrite limestone of extreme purity.

2. Of the nature of gunpowder; inflammable, explosive. Chiefly figurative. Now Scottish regional. Sc. National Dict. at Pouther n. records the form poutherie as still in use in the sense ‘mettlesome, spirited’ in Perthshire in 1966.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > [adjective]

tickle1534

gunpowder1598

agitable1603

activable1606

thatched1606

excitable1609

powdery1611

incensible1614

hot-bloodeda1616

warm-headed1690

combustible1698

fermentable1731

intoxicablea1734

tindery1753

inflammable1800

pattypan1858

gunpowdery1868

gunpowderous1870

erethic1888

arousable1890

hyper1942

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xx. 731/1 The lighted matches of sedition found powdry spirits, and wonderfull correspondence.

1787 R. Burns Let. 1 June (2001) I. 120 It's true, she [sc. a mare]'s as poor's a Sang-maker..but she's a yauld, poutherie Girran for a' that.

1964 T. A. Robertson & J. J. Graham Shetland Folk Bk. IV. 37 The manufactured ball was another homemade firework known as a ‘poodery pea’.

3. Covered with or full of powder; having a deposit of powder; dusty; (in later use frequently spec.) having a dusting of cosmetic powder, wearing face powder.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > [adjective] > covered with a powdery layer

farinaceous1646

frosted1675

powdery1708

pollinose1826

pollinar1858

1708 J. Ozell tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin iii. 48 Then with an Arm tremendous bravely strove From its old Post the dusty Lump to move. When..from his Powdry Roost the Bird of Night..takes his Flight.

1784 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 74 423 The powdery head is covered with a loose campanulated cap.

1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch III. vi. lix. 312 That pollen which the bees carry off (having no idea how powdery they are).

1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 738 The skin is everywhere wonderfully white, in some regions raised into little powdery eminences.

1896 Indiana (Pa.) Democrat 16 Apr. She had a powdery complexion.

1914 S. Lewis Our Mr. Wrenn xi. 135 Mr. Wrenn had stood..before the gathering by the fireless fireplace, wondering how Mrs. Stettinius could get her nose so blue and yet so powdery.

1988 D. Profumo Sea Music viii. 82 ‘Richard. Darling.’ She presented to him a powdery cheek.

2002 Which? Apr. 38/2 Repair cracks with a filler and coat chalky or powdery surfaces with a stabilising solution.

4. Of a smell: that is or resembles that of a powder (formerly esp. gunpowder).

ΚΠ

1873 H. W. Smith Rec. Happy Life 30 Nothing ever gave him such exquisite pleasure as the arrival of that gun, with its brown paper wrapping and powdery smell.

1945 S. Commins tr. G. de Maupassant Best Stories Guy de Maupassant 228 The shots did not cease, but came from every side at once, injecting a cloud of smoke, and that powdery smell which has the same intoxicating effects as absinthe, into the atmosphere.

1974 R. Adams Shardik i. 17 Behind it there followed a strange smell; an acrid, powdery smell.

1989 N. Bawden Tortoise by Candlelight (BNC) 117 The smell was her grandmother's smell, old and powdery and sweet.

2003 Global Cosmetic Industry (Nexis) 171 52 In Asia, traditional smells such as ylang-ylang are soothing, as are soft powdery notes that evoke care and softness.

Compounds

C1.

powdery-looking adj.

ΚΠ

1875 T. H. Huxley & H. N. Martin Course Elem. Biol. v. 37 Note the powdery-looking upper surface, white in young specimens.

1902 Times 17 Mar. 4/5 Examine the powdery-looking material contained between the scale and the bark.

1990 Sail Mar. 168/2 The tamarind grows as a fat, 4- to 6-inch long, powdery-looking brown pod on a large tree.

C2.

powdery mildew n. a plant disease caused by a parasitic fungus of the family Erysiphaceae and characterized by a white, floury covering of conidia on the parts attacked; the fungus itself.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants

bunt1800

Sclerotium1813

Alternaria1834

oidium1836

Septoria1836

conk1851

Rhizopus1854

snow-mould1855

vine-mildew1855

vine-fungus1857

bramble-brand1867

Microsphaera1871

wood-fungus1876

sphacelia1879

blue mould1882

orange fungus1882

cluster-cup1883

hop-mildew1883

powdery mildew1886

cladosporium1887

shot-hole fungus1897

verdet1897

wound-fungus1897

fusarium1907

verticillium1916

rhynchosporium1918

coral-spot1923

blind-seed fungus1939

sclerotinia1950

1886 Star & Sentinel (Pennsylvania) 30 Mar. 3/1 The other form, or powdery mildew, flourishes most in dry weather. It is exhibited chiefly on the upper side of the leaf, producing a white powdery appearance.

1913 G. Massee & I. Massee Mildews, Rusts & Smuts 36 The entire group [sc. Erysiphaceæ] is often spoken of as powdery mildews, on account of the dense masses of conidia that are produced, and rest on the white patches of mycelium, giving them the appearance of having been sprinkled with flour.

1988 Gardening from Which? Sept. 330/1 Fungal diseases, like powdery mildew, can overwinter safely in dead leaves and debris.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	powdery
释义	powderyadj. Brit. /ˈpaʊd(ə)ri/, U.S. /ˈpaʊd(ə)ri/ Forms: late Middle English poudry, late Middle English 1600s–1700s powdry, 1600s– powdery; Scottish 1700s 1900s– poutherie, 1700s 1900s– pouthery, 1800s poothery, 1800s– powdery, 1900s– poodery. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: powder n.¹, -y suffix¹. Etymology: < powder n.¹ + -y suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French poudreux covered with dust (1100 in Old French), of a powdery consistency (19th cent. or earlier). 1. a. Of the nature or consistency of powder; consisting of fine loose particles. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > granular texture > [adjective] > powdery or dusty pulverous?a1425 powderyc1425 mealy1541 dusty1552 mully1570 pulverulentous1640 pulvereous1656 pulverulent1656 pulveral1657 powderal1662 farinaceous1664 smutty1667 snuffy1789 floury1830 pulverulous1841 c1425 tr. J. Arderne Treat. Fistula (Sloane 6) (1910) 59 (MED) Þe vryne schal be in colour remissed white with powdry resolucions, blak or blo, residentez in þe bothme of þe vessel. a1475 (?a1430) J. Lydgate tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Life Man (Vitell.) 10107 Wyth powdry sondys out off noumbre. 1692 T. Tryon Good House-wife (ed. 2) v. 59 So soon as any Grain is bruised or broken into a powdery substance, the essential Spirits become thereby, as it were, violated, and liable to evaporation. 1768 Philos. Trans. 1767 (Royal Soc.) 57 230 A considerable portion of it..subsided in a powdery form to the bottom of the glass. 1799 W. Wordsworth Lucy Gray vii Her feet disperse the powdery snow, That rises up like smoke. 1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 596 The harrow..renders the baked surface-mould fine and powdery. 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 562 The cells..forming, especially when dry, a loose, powdery mass. 1935 Aberd. Univ. Rev. July 222 An' the pouthery aise gaed furlin' roun' Till ye scarce could see yer han'. 1961 J. Carew Last Barbarian 19 The snow was crisp and powdery under his feet. 2005 Aviation Week (Nexis) 20 June 64 After twirling and twirling its wheels in powdery soil, Opportunity finally gained good traction on June 4. b. Easily disintegrated into powder; friable. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > lack of density > [adjective] > loose texture > lacking cohesion > friable or crumbly crumbly?1523 friable1563 crummy1567 mouldery1600 short1607 bruisable1611 powdery1657 brashya1722 pulverulent1794 powderous1863 1657 Sir T. Browne Nature's Cabinet Unlock'd i. 33 Iron is found in deep Mines, a powdry Mass, red and ponderous. 1728 J. Woodward Catal. Addit. Eng. Native Fossils 36 A brown, powdery Spar. They say it holds Iron. Found amongst the Iron-Ore. 1840 J. Pereira Elements Materia Medica II. 661 Many druggists prefer mealy sarsaparilla, that is, sarsaparilla whose cortex is brittle and powdery. 1960 B. Crump Good Keen Man 45 I once found him tearing a rotten log to pieces, scattering powdery wood all over the place. 1990 C. Pellant Rocks, Minerals & Fossils 47/1 Chalk is a very soft, often powdery, biomicrite limestone of extreme purity. 2. Of the nature of gunpowder; inflammable, explosive. Chiefly figurative. Now Scottish regional. Sc. National Dict. at Pouther n. records the form poutherie as still in use in the sense ‘mettlesome, spirited’ in Perthshire in 1966. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > [adjective] tickle1534 gunpowder1598 agitable1603 activable1606 thatched1606 excitable1609 powdery1611 incensible1614 hot-bloodeda1616 warm-headed1690 combustible1698 fermentable1731 intoxicablea1734 tindery1753 inflammable1800 pattypan1858 gunpowdery1868 gunpowderous1870 erethic1888 arousable1890 hyper1942 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xx. 731/1 The lighted matches of sedition found powdry spirits, and wonderfull correspondence. 1787 R. Burns Let. 1 June (2001) I. 120 It's true, she [sc. a mare]'s as poor's a Sang-maker..but she's a yauld, poutherie Girran for a' that. 1964 T. A. Robertson & J. J. Graham Shetland Folk Bk. IV. 37 The manufactured ball was another homemade firework known as a ‘poodery pea’. 3. Covered with or full of powder; having a deposit of powder; dusty; (in later use frequently spec.) having a dusting of cosmetic powder, wearing face powder. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > coating or covering with a layer > [adjective] > covered with a powdery layer farinaceous1646 frosted1675 powdery1708 pollinose1826 pollinar1858 1708 J. Ozell tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin iii. 48 Then with an Arm tremendous bravely strove From its old Post the dusty Lump to move. When..from his Powdry Roost the Bird of Night..takes his Flight. 1784 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 74 423 The powdery head is covered with a loose campanulated cap. 1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch III. vi. lix. 312 That pollen which the bees carry off (having no idea how powdery they are). 1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 738 The skin is everywhere wonderfully white, in some regions raised into little powdery eminences. 1896 Indiana (Pa.) Democrat 16 Apr. She had a powdery complexion. 1914 S. Lewis Our Mr. Wrenn xi. 135 Mr. Wrenn had stood..before the gathering by the fireless fireplace, wondering how Mrs. Stettinius could get her nose so blue and yet so powdery. 1988 D. Profumo Sea Music viii. 82 ‘Richard. Darling.’ She presented to him a powdery cheek. 2002 Which? Apr. 38/2 Repair cracks with a filler and coat chalky or powdery surfaces with a stabilising solution. 4. Of a smell: that is or resembles that of a powder (formerly esp. gunpowder). ΚΠ 1873 H. W. Smith Rec. Happy Life 30 Nothing ever gave him such exquisite pleasure as the arrival of that gun, with its brown paper wrapping and powdery smell. 1945 S. Commins tr. G. de Maupassant Best Stories Guy de Maupassant 228 The shots did not cease, but came from every side at once, injecting a cloud of smoke, and that powdery smell which has the same intoxicating effects as absinthe, into the atmosphere. 1974 R. Adams Shardik i. 17 Behind it there followed a strange smell; an acrid, powdery smell. 1989 N. Bawden Tortoise by Candlelight (BNC) 117 The smell was her grandmother's smell, old and powdery and sweet. 2003 Global Cosmetic Industry (Nexis) 171 52 In Asia, traditional smells such as ylang-ylang are soothing, as are soft powdery notes that evoke care and softness. Compounds C1. powdery-looking adj. ΚΠ 1875 T. H. Huxley & H. N. Martin Course Elem. Biol. v. 37 Note the powdery-looking upper surface, white in young specimens. 1902 Times 17 Mar. 4/5 Examine the powdery-looking material contained between the scale and the bark. 1990 Sail Mar. 168/2 The tamarind grows as a fat, 4- to 6-inch long, powdery-looking brown pod on a large tree. C2. powdery mildew n. a plant disease caused by a parasitic fungus of the family Erysiphaceae and characterized by a white, floury covering of conidia on the parts attacked; the fungus itself. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > causing disease in plants bunt1800 Sclerotium1813 Alternaria1834 oidium1836 Septoria1836 conk1851 Rhizopus1854 snow-mould1855 vine-mildew1855 vine-fungus1857 bramble-brand1867 Microsphaera1871 wood-fungus1876 sphacelia1879 blue mould1882 orange fungus1882 cluster-cup1883 hop-mildew1883 powdery mildew1886 cladosporium1887 shot-hole fungus1897 verdet1897 wound-fungus1897 fusarium1907 verticillium1916 rhynchosporium1918 coral-spot1923 blind-seed fungus1939 sclerotinia1950 1886 Star & Sentinel (Pennsylvania) 30 Mar. 3/1 The other form, or powdery mildew, flourishes most in dry weather. It is exhibited chiefly on the upper side of the leaf, producing a white powdery appearance. 1913 G. Massee & I. Massee Mildews, Rusts & Smuts 36 The entire group [sc. Erysiphaceæ] is often spoken of as powdery mildews, on account of the dense masses of conidia that are produced, and rest on the white patches of mycelium, giving them the appearance of having been sprinkled with flour. 1988 Gardening from Which? Sept. 330/1 Fungal diseases, like powdery mildew, can overwinter safely in dead leaves and debris. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2006; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.c1425
随便看	able whackets able-bodied able-bodied seaman able-bodiedness able-minded able-souled ablebodied ablebodied seaman ablebodiedness ablectick abled ablegate ablegates ablegation ableism ableisms ableist ableists ableminded ablemost ablend ableness ablepsy abler ables