prattlen.

Brit.

/ˈpratl/, U.S.

/ˈpræd(ə)l/

Forms: see prattle v.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: prattle v.

Etymology: < prattle v.

1. The action of prattling; foolish, inconsequential, or incomprehensible talk; childish chatter; gossip or small talk; an instance of this.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [noun] > chatter

chirma800

clappingc1386

glavera1400

clapa1420

clackc1440

blabc1460

clattera1500

babble?a1525

babblery1532

pratery1533

clitter-clatter1535

by-talk?1551

prattle1555

prittle-prattle1556

twittle-twattle1565

cacquet1567

prate?1574

prattlement1579

babblement1595

gibble-gabble1600

gabble1602

twattlea1639

tolutiloquence1656

pratement1657

gaggle1668

leden1674

cackle1676

twit-twat1677

clash1685

chit-chat1710

chatter-chitter1711

chitter-chatter1712

palavering1732

hubble-bubble1735

palaver1748

rattle1748

gum1751

mag1778

gabber1780

gammon1781

gash1787

chattery1789

gabber1792

whitter-whatter1805

yabble1808

clacket1812

talky-talky1812

potter1818

yatter1827

blue streak1830

gabblement1831

psilologya1834

chin-music1834

patter1841

jaw1842

chatter1851

brabble1861

tongue-work1866

yacker1882

talkee1885

chelp1891

chattermag1895

whitter1897

burble1898

yap1907

clatfart1913

jive1928

logorrhœa1935

waffle1937

yackety-yacking1953

yack1958

yackety-yack1958

motormouth1976

1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. vii. 160 As for byeng and sellyng, or any kinde of Lawe prattle, thei [sc. the Persians] vse not.

1583 G. Babington Very Fruitfull Expos. Commaundem. Ded. sig. ¶ 4 There men shall bee iudged according to proofe,..not according to pratles.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xliv. xxii. 1184 Let him hold him there and keep his babble and prattle to himselfe.

1673 W. Cave Primitive Christianity i. iii. 35 Talkative and full of prattle.

1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 9 They were pleas'd to be familiar [with] me, and lik'd my little Prattle to them.

1752 H. Fielding Amelia I. iii. xiii. 278 The Delights which Parents feel from the Prattle, and innocent Follies of their Children.

1845 C. Dickens Chimes ii. 73 He checked himself to say a word or two of foolish prattle in her ear.

1865 J. Hatton Bitter Sweets xxiv Her mother was never tired of her girlish prattle.

1921 S. Ford Inez & Trilby May iii. 56 So much prattle about a rich uncle who couldn't be produced was bound to get us in wrong sooner or later.

1982 Washington Post (Nexis) 15 Aug. (Book World section) 1 The delightful nature of children's prattle and games, the charm of their curiosity and innocence.

2005 Daily Variety (Nexis) 13 Sept. 22 Her mother character is the least interesting, filled with self-involved prattle.

2. figurative and in extended use. Something resembling chatter or prattle, as the sound of birdsong, running water, etc.

ΚΠ

1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. iv. 179 The harmony of the pretty Birds, which a sort of extraordinary gayety and briskness at this time inspires with amorous prattle.

a1748 J. Thomson Poet. Wks. (1830) II. 4 Join'd to the prattle of the purling rills Were heard the lowing herds along the vale.

1856 D. M. Mulock John Halifax II. viii. 198 Listening..to the prattle of the stream, that went singing along.

1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters 237 It did not hold the attention, nor interrupt the thread of meditation, like a blackbird or a nightingale; it was mere woodland prattle.

1940 L. MacNeice Poems 1925–40 251 Prattle of water, palaver of starlings in a disused chimney.

1975 J. L. Anderson Night of Silent Drums i. i. 3 A puff of the dawn-stilled trade wind stirs a prattle in the dry pods of the drought-stricken woman's-tongue trees.

2005 Washington Times (Nexis) 22 Apr. a21 Something's in the air—and it's not the prattle of baby birds.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

prattlev.

Brit.

/ˈpratl/, U.S.

/ˈpræd(ə)l/

Forms: late Middle English pratelist (2nd singular present indicative), 1500s prattale, 1500s pratteling (present participle), 1500s prattell, 1500s prattil, 1500s–1700s pratle, 1500s– prattle; Scottish pre-1700 pratill, pre-1700 pratle, pre-1700 prattell, pre-1700 1700s– prattle.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: prate v., -le suffix 3

Etymology: < prate v. + -le suffix 3. Compare Middle Dutch, early modern Dutch protelen to mutter, to grumble, Middle Low German prōtelen, prātelen to chatter, to babble, to cackle.

1. transitive. To utter in an idle, garrulous, or childish manner; to tell (something) as gossip; to speak (a language, words, etc.,) in a foolish, inconsequential, or incomprehensible way.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > utter in a chattering manner [verb (transitive)]

cacklec1230

chattera1250

clapc1315

jangle1377

blabberc1380

trattlea1425

pratea1475

chat1483

prattlea1500

prittle-prattlea1555

gabble1566

blatter?1567

gaggle1577

clacket1579

knap1581

prittle1583

clack1590

volley1591

tattle1593

prabble1603

out-babble1649

garrulate1656

gabber?1661

chime1697

spiel1904

chitter-chatter1928

a1500 Lucidus & Dubius in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Winchester Dialogues (1979) 190 Thou pratelist Latyn faste.

1564 T. Becon New Catech. in Wks. 465 b Whatsoeuer the Papistes..pratle in this behalf, I am sure, reason sayeth, that there remaineth bothe bread & wyne.

1583 G. Babington Very Fruitfull Expos. Commaundem. ix. 482 If it be a vertue thus to prittle and prattle of euerie bodie uncertaine tales, but most certaine discredites.

1637 T. Heywood Royall King i. sig. B^v Awe man, you prittle and prattle nothing but leasings and untruths.

1696 N. Tate & N. Brady New Version Psalms of David lviii. 3 They prattled Slander, and in Lies Employ'd their lisping Tongue.

1757 J. Dyer Fleece i. 10 He meets his rosy children at the door, Prattling their welcomes.

1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 382 Frequent in Park with lady at his side, Ambling and prattling scandal as he goes.

1820 C. A. Southey Ellen Fitzarthur i. 8 She prattled her imperfect talk, A broken language of her own, Distinct to parents' ear alone.

1887 A. Jessopp Arcady ii. 64 I am but..a mere chronicler of gossip that will not be prattled long.

1940 Amer. Boy Feb. 4/2 So you prattled it already.

1993 ‘J. Gash’ Paid & Loving Eyes (1994) xvi. 111 He prattled something about having fought the garage to a standstill, demanding madame's voiture back immediatement.

a. intransitive. To talk in a foolish, childish, or inconsequential way; to chatter at length, esp. about unimportant matters. Now frequently with on.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > be talkative [verb (intransitive)] > talk excessively or chatter

chavel?c1225

babblea1250

chattera1250

clacka1250

janglea1300

ganglec1300

clapc1315

mumblec1350

blabberc1375

carp1377

tatterc1380

garre1382

rattlec1400

clatter1401

chimec1405

gabc1405

pattera1450

smattera1450

languetc1450

pratec1460

chat1483

jabber1499

clittera1529

cackle1530

prattle1532

blatter1533

blab1535

to run on pattens1546

tattle1547

prittle-prattlea1555

trattlea1555

tittle-tattle1556

quiddlea1566

brabble1570

clicket1570

twattle1573

gabble1574

prittle1583

to like to hear oneself speak, talk1597

to word it1612

deblaterate1623

tongue1624

twitter1630

snatter1647

oversay1656

whiffle1706

to gallop away1711

splutter1728

gob1770

gibble-gabble1775

palaver1781

to talk (etc.) nineteen to the dozen1785

gammon1789

witter1808

yabble1808

yaff1808

mag1810

chelp1820

tongue-pad1825

yatter1825

potter1826

chipper1829

jaw-jaw1831

buzz1832

to shoot off one's mouth1864

yawp1872

blate1878

chin1884

yap1888

spiel1894

to talk (also lie, swear, etc.) a blue streak1895

to run off at the mouth1908

chattermag1909

clatfart1913

to talk a streak1915

to run one's mouth1916

natter1942

ear-bash1944

rabbit1950

yack1950

yacker1961

to eat parrot head (also bottom)1965

yacket1969

to twat on1996

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 533/2 So he dooeth but prattle & prate of feling fayth, without the feling of any fayth at all.

1557 Bible (Whittingham) 3 John 10 If I come, I wyl declare his dedes whych he doeth, pratteling against vs with malicious wordes.

1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 118 Those that cease not to prattle and babble about vaine and vnprofitable matters.

1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 16 They must not be suffer'd to prattle as they doe, but must be licens'd what they may say.

1692 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §35 He had the Mastery of his Parents ever since he could Prattle.

1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 237 I talk'd to [the pretty little child], and it prattl'd to me again.

1778 S. Johnson Let. 15 Oct. (1992) III. 128 I never said with Dr. Dodd that I love to prattle upon paper, but I have prattled now till the paper will not hold much more, than my good wishes.

1833 C. Lamb Pop. Fallacies xii, in Last Ess. Elia 256 The children of the very poor do not prattle..there is no childishness in [their]..dwellings.

1866 W. D. Howells Venetian Life xvii. 252 The barber here prattles on with a freedom..respected by the interlocutory conte under his razor.

1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love xxi. 316 They talked and prattled at random.

1990 Esquire May 162/3 He'll merely prattle on about how unimportant money is.

b. intransitive. figurative and in extended use. Of things: to make an inarticulate sound suggestive of prattle; to move with a prattling sound.

ΚΠ

1711 tr. Lucian Wks. III. 194 In the Woods the Black-bird 'gins to prattle.

1769 D'Alenzon tr. ‘Hoamchi-Vam’ Bonze II. 176 Every peculiar streamlet prattling down the Apennines.

1770 J. Armstrong Imitations Shaks. 80 Each brook that wont to prattle to its banks Lies all bestilled.

1863 B. Taylor Under Moon in Poet's Jrnl. iii. A fountain prattles to the night.

1887 G. Meredith Ballads & Poems 53 The light leaves prattled to neighbour ears.

1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. xvi. 205 The Var waters were..rapid as the shadow of a cloud, with pebbly shallows that prattled to the sky all day long.

1916 J. Joyce Portrait of Artist v. 254 Their trim boots prattled as they stood on the steps of the colonnade.

1997 B. Morrow Giovanni's Gift iii. 236 I heard myself say to Giovanni's ghost both hello and good night, as the voices in the creek continued to prattle and chatter and sigh.

3. transitive. To bring or drive by prattling (to or into a state or situation).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > utter in a chattering manner [verb (transitive)] > bring into a condition by talking excessively

talk1600

prattlea1616

twattlea1704

tattle1751

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. i. 42 If you prattle mee into these perilles.

1655 J. Shirley Gentleman of Venice i.11 I shall nere forget how pretily He took the niple, and would play, and prattle himself Asleep.

1798 J. O'Keefe Toy v. i. 85 Our son, Katty—prattle him into her favor.

1948 H. Drake-Bruckman in Austral. Short Stories (1951) 309 Even Johnnie prattled himself to sleep.

2003 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 17 Dec. 2 People prattle themselves to death.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prattle
释义	prattlen. Brit. /ˈpratl/, U.S. /ˈpræd(ə)l/ Forms: see prattle v. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: prattle v. Etymology: < prattle v. 1. The action of prattling; foolish, inconsequential, or incomprehensible talk; childish chatter; gossip or small talk; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > [noun] > chatter chirma800 clappingc1386 glavera1400 clapa1420 clackc1440 blabc1460 clattera1500 babble?a1525 babblery1532 pratery1533 clitter-clatter1535 by-talk?1551 prattle1555 prittle-prattle1556 twittle-twattle1565 cacquet1567 prate?1574 prattlement1579 babblement1595 gibble-gabble1600 gabble1602 twattlea1639 tolutiloquence1656 pratement1657 gaggle1668 leden1674 cackle1676 twit-twat1677 clash1685 chit-chat1710 chatter-chitter1711 chitter-chatter1712 palavering1732 hubble-bubble1735 palaver1748 rattle1748 gum1751 mag1778 gabber1780 gammon1781 gash1787 chattery1789 gabber1792 whitter-whatter1805 yabble1808 clacket1812 talky-talky1812 potter1818 yatter1827 blue streak1830 gabblement1831 psilologya1834 chin-music1834 patter1841 jaw1842 chatter1851 brabble1861 tongue-work1866 yacker1882 talkee1885 chelp1891 chattermag1895 whitter1897 burble1898 yap1907 clatfart1913 jive1928 logorrhœa1935 waffle1937 yackety-yacking1953 yack1958 yackety-yack1958 motormouth1976 1555 W. Waterman tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions ii. vii. 160 As for byeng and sellyng, or any kinde of Lawe prattle, thei [sc. the Persians] vse not. 1583 G. Babington Very Fruitfull Expos. Commaundem. Ded. sig. ¶ 4 There men shall bee iudged according to proofe,..not according to pratles. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xliv. xxii. 1184 Let him hold him there and keep his babble and prattle to himselfe. 1673 W. Cave Primitive Christianity i. iii. 35 Talkative and full of prattle. 1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 9 They were pleas'd to be familiar [with] me, and lik'd my little Prattle to them. 1752 H. Fielding Amelia I. iii. xiii. 278 The Delights which Parents feel from the Prattle, and innocent Follies of their Children. 1845 C. Dickens Chimes ii. 73 He checked himself to say a word or two of foolish prattle in her ear. 1865 J. Hatton Bitter Sweets xxiv Her mother was never tired of her girlish prattle. 1921 S. Ford Inez & Trilby May iii. 56 So much prattle about a rich uncle who couldn't be produced was bound to get us in wrong sooner or later. 1982 Washington Post (Nexis) 15 Aug. (Book World section) 1 The delightful nature of children's prattle and games, the charm of their curiosity and innocence. 2005 Daily Variety (Nexis) 13 Sept. 22 Her mother character is the least interesting, filled with self-involved prattle. 2. figurative and in extended use. Something resembling chatter or prattle, as the sound of birdsong, running water, etc. ΚΠ 1693 J. Evelyn tr. J. de La Quintinie Compl. Gard'ner ii. vi. iv. 179 The harmony of the pretty Birds, which a sort of extraordinary gayety and briskness at this time inspires with amorous prattle. a1748 J. Thomson Poet. Wks. (1830) II. 4 Join'd to the prattle of the purling rills Were heard the lowing herds along the vale. 1856 D. M. Mulock John Halifax II. viii. 198 Listening..to the prattle of the stream, that went singing along. 1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters 237 It did not hold the attention, nor interrupt the thread of meditation, like a blackbird or a nightingale; it was mere woodland prattle. 1940 L. MacNeice Poems 1925–40 251 Prattle of water, palaver of starlings in a disused chimney. 1975 J. L. Anderson Night of Silent Drums i. i. 3 A puff of the dawn-stilled trade wind stirs a prattle in the dry pods of the drought-stricken woman's-tongue trees. 2005 Washington Times (Nexis) 22 Apr. a21 Something's in the air—and it's not the prattle of baby birds. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). prattlev. Brit. /ˈpratl/, U.S. /ˈpræd(ə)l/ Forms: late Middle English pratelist (2nd singular present indicative), 1500s prattale, 1500s pratteling (present participle), 1500s prattell, 1500s prattil, 1500s–1700s pratle, 1500s– prattle; Scottish pre-1700 pratill, pre-1700 pratle, pre-1700 prattell, pre-1700 1700s– prattle. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: prate v., -le suffix 3 Etymology: < prate v. + -le suffix 3. Compare Middle Dutch, early modern Dutch protelen to mutter, to grumble, Middle Low German prōtelen, prātelen to chatter, to babble, to cackle. 1. transitive. To utter in an idle, garrulous, or childish manner; to tell (something) as gossip; to speak (a language, words, etc.,) in a foolish, inconsequential, or incomprehensible way. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > utter in a chattering manner [verb (transitive)] cacklec1230 chattera1250 clapc1315 jangle1377 blabberc1380 trattlea1425 pratea1475 chat1483 prattlea1500 prittle-prattlea1555 gabble1566 blatter?1567 gaggle1577 clacket1579 knap1581 prittle1583 clack1590 volley1591 tattle1593 prabble1603 out-babble1649 garrulate1656 gabber?1661 chime1697 spiel1904 chitter-chatter1928 a1500 Lucidus & Dubius in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Winchester Dialogues (1979) 190 Thou pratelist Latyn faste. 1564 T. Becon New Catech. in Wks. 465 b Whatsoeuer the Papistes..pratle in this behalf, I am sure, reason sayeth, that there remaineth bothe bread & wyne. 1583 G. Babington Very Fruitfull Expos. Commaundem. ix. 482 If it be a vertue thus to prittle and prattle of euerie bodie uncertaine tales, but most certaine discredites. 1637 T. Heywood Royall King i. sig. B^v Awe man, you prittle and prattle nothing but leasings and untruths. 1696 N. Tate & N. Brady New Version Psalms of David lviii. 3 They prattled Slander, and in Lies Employ'd their lisping Tongue. 1757 J. Dyer Fleece i. 10 He meets his rosy children at the door, Prattling their welcomes. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 382 Frequent in Park with lady at his side, Ambling and prattling scandal as he goes. 1820 C. A. Southey Ellen Fitzarthur i. 8 She prattled her imperfect talk, A broken language of her own, Distinct to parents' ear alone. 1887 A. Jessopp Arcady ii. 64 I am but..a mere chronicler of gossip that will not be prattled long. 1940 Amer. Boy Feb. 4/2 So you prattled it already. 1993 ‘J. Gash’ Paid & Loving Eyes (1994) xvi. 111 He prattled something about having fought the garage to a standstill, demanding madame's voiture back immediatement. 2. a. intransitive. To talk in a foolish, childish, or inconsequential way; to chatter at length, esp. about unimportant matters. Now frequently with on. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > be talkative [verb (intransitive)] > talk excessively or chatter chavel?c1225 babblea1250 chattera1250 clacka1250 janglea1300 ganglec1300 clapc1315 mumblec1350 blabberc1375 carp1377 tatterc1380 garre1382 rattlec1400 clatter1401 chimec1405 gabc1405 pattera1450 smattera1450 languetc1450 pratec1460 chat1483 jabber1499 clittera1529 cackle1530 prattle1532 blatter1533 blab1535 to run on pattens1546 tattle1547 prittle-prattlea1555 trattlea1555 tittle-tattle1556 quiddlea1566 brabble1570 clicket1570 twattle1573 gabble1574 prittle1583 to like to hear oneself speak, talk1597 to word it1612 deblaterate1623 tongue1624 twitter1630 snatter1647 oversay1656 whiffle1706 to gallop away1711 splutter1728 gob1770 gibble-gabble1775 palaver1781 to talk (etc.) nineteen to the dozen1785 gammon1789 witter1808 yabble1808 yaff1808 mag1810 chelp1820 tongue-pad1825 yatter1825 potter1826 chipper1829 jaw-jaw1831 buzz1832 to shoot off one's mouth1864 yawp1872 blate1878 chin1884 yap1888 spiel1894 to talk (also lie, swear, etc.) a blue streak1895 to run off at the mouth1908 chattermag1909 clatfart1913 to talk a streak1915 to run one's mouth1916 natter1942 ear-bash1944 rabbit1950 yack1950 yacker1961 to eat parrot head (also bottom)1965 yacket1969 to twat on1996 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 533/2 So he dooeth but prattle & prate of feling fayth, without the feling of any fayth at all. 1557 Bible (Whittingham) 3 John 10 If I come, I wyl declare his dedes whych he doeth, pratteling against vs with malicious wordes. 1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 118 Those that cease not to prattle and babble about vaine and vnprofitable matters. 1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 16 They must not be suffer'd to prattle as they doe, but must be licens'd what they may say. 1692 J. Locke Some Thoughts conc. Educ. §35 He had the Mastery of his Parents ever since he could Prattle. 1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 237 I talk'd to [the pretty little child], and it prattl'd to me again. 1778 S. Johnson Let. 15 Oct. (1992) III. 128 I never said with Dr. Dodd that I love to prattle upon paper, but I have prattled now till the paper will not hold much more, than my good wishes. 1833 C. Lamb Pop. Fallacies xii, in Last Ess. Elia 256 The children of the very poor do not prattle..there is no childishness in [their]..dwellings. 1866 W. D. Howells Venetian Life xvii. 252 The barber here prattles on with a freedom..respected by the interlocutory conte under his razor. 1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love xxi. 316 They talked and prattled at random. 1990 Esquire May 162/3 He'll merely prattle on about how unimportant money is. b. intransitive. figurative and in extended use. Of things: to make an inarticulate sound suggestive of prattle; to move with a prattling sound. ΚΠ 1711 tr. Lucian Wks. III. 194 In the Woods the Black-bird 'gins to prattle. 1769 D'Alenzon tr. ‘Hoamchi-Vam’ Bonze II. 176 Every peculiar streamlet prattling down the Apennines. 1770 J. Armstrong Imitations Shaks. 80 Each brook that wont to prattle to its banks Lies all bestilled. 1863 B. Taylor Under Moon in Poet's Jrnl. iii. A fountain prattles to the night. 1887 G. Meredith Ballads & Poems 53 The light leaves prattled to neighbour ears. 1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. xvi. 205 The Var waters were..rapid as the shadow of a cloud, with pebbly shallows that prattled to the sky all day long. 1916 J. Joyce Portrait of Artist v. 254 Their trim boots prattled as they stood on the steps of the colonnade. 1997 B. Morrow Giovanni's Gift iii. 236 I heard myself say to Giovanni's ghost both hello and good night, as the voices in the creek continued to prattle and chatter and sigh. 3. transitive. To bring or drive by prattling (to or into a state or situation). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > loquacity or talkativeness > utter in a chattering manner [verb (transitive)] > bring into a condition by talking excessively talk1600 prattlea1616 twattlea1704 tattle1751 a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. i. 42 If you prattle mee into these perilles. View more context for this quotation 1655 J. Shirley Gentleman of Venice i.11 I shall nere forget how pretily He took the niple, and would play, and prattle himself Asleep. 1798 J. O'Keefe Toy v. i. 85 Our son, Katty—prattle him into her favor. 1948 H. Drake-Bruckman in Austral. Short Stories (1951) 309 Even Johnnie prattled himself to sleep. 2003 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 17 Dec. 2 People prattle themselves to death. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1555v.a1500
随便看	private treaty private tutor private view private viewer private viewing private war private ward private wire private world private-eye private-eyeing private-humoured private-label private-looking private-spirited privated privateer privateer bank privateer brig privateer captain privateer schooner privateer sloop privateered privateering privateerism