preservationn.

Brit.

/ˌprɛzəˈveɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌprɛzərˈveɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English precervacion, late Middle English preseruacioun, late Middle English preseruasioun, late Middle English (in a late copy)–1500s preseruacion, late Middle English–1500s preseruacyon, late Middle English–1600s preservacion, late Middle English– preservation, 1500s presaruation, 1500s–1600s preseruation, 1500s–1600s preservacon, 1600s preservatyon; Scottish pre-1700 preserfwacion, pre-1700 preseruatioun, pre-1700 preservacioun, pre-1700 preservatation (transmission error), pre-1700 preservatione, pre-1700 preservatioun, pre-1700 preservatioune, pre-1700 preserwatioun, pre-1700 presservatioun, pre-1700 1700s– preservation.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French preservation; Latin praeservation-, praeservatio.

Etymology: < Middle French preservation action of preserving, protection (1314 in Old French; also as preservacion; French préservation ) and its etymon post-classical Latin praeservation-, praeservatio action of preserving, protection (a1273 in Aquinas; from 14th cent. in British sources) < praeservat- , past participial stem of praeservare preserve v. + classical Latin -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan preservation (1418), Catalan preservació (1349), Spanish preservación (a1482 or earlier), Portuguese preservação (1665), Italian preservazióne (1363).

1. The action of preserving from damage, decay, or destruction; the fact of being preserved.Frequently with objective genitive or equivalent of-phrase.In early use: spec. †protection from disease or infection, prophylaxis (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun]

salvationc1374

preservation?a1425

servation1521

preserval1639

retention1799

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 44^v (MED) In preseruacioun [?c1425 Paris preseruynge; L. preseruatione] þer was no better þan to flee þe regioun bifore þe infeccioun.

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 507 (MED) Ther is a lecche which wole vndirtake to make him hool or to preserue him fro the fal into thilk sijknes; but al the ricches of this seid man is litil ynouȝ forto spende aboute the medicyns longing to thilk cure or preseruacioun.

1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 318 (MED) Chose he was..His custode then for good informacion Of the kyng his persone and preseruacion.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. iii. f. 103 Thankes geuynge to almyghty god for his delyuery and preseruation from so many imminent perels.

1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 233 Remedies meete for the maintenance and preseruation of his bodie.

1641 More's Rich. III Ep. Ded. 1 The great care..observed..for the preservation of antiquities.

1662 Bk. Com. Prayer, General Thanksgiving We bless thee for our creation, preservation, and all the blessings of this life.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 203 I saw it necessary for my immediate Preservation to fall upon them.

1771 Philos. Trans. 1770 (Royal Soc.) 60 318 Varnished over with the same sort of varnish that is used for the preservation.

1856 C. Dickens Let. 13 July (1995) VIII. 162 The admirable preservation of the girl's identity.

1890 Times 10 Sept. 13/4 Representations regarding the preservation of the building having been made to them, they have given directions that it shall not be interfered with until they have come to a decision as to its fate.

1935 J. S. Huxley & A. C. Haddon We Europeans vii. 213 The Albanians..are noteworthy for the preservation of many archaic customs and of a primitive form of Aryan language.

1991 Daily Tel. 5 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) 2/3 Despite the emphasis on preservation the guidance recognises that in some cases the archaeological remains may not warrant it.

2. A means of preserving; a preservative, spec. a medicine or other agent that gives protection from disease or infection. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > prophylactic medicine > [noun]

preservativec1425

preservationc1475

prophylactic?1541

preserve1554

preservatory1654

preventive1666

preventative1699

phylactic1711

toxoid1900

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation from decay, loss, or destruction > one who or that which preserves from decay, etc. > that which preserves from decay, loss, etc.

conservea1393

conservativea1398

preservative?a1439

conservator?1440

preservationc1475

preserve1554

conservatory1563

conservice1607

conservatorship1645

preservatory1654

balsam1658

amber1785

embalmer1838

c1475 tr. Henri de Mondeville Surgery (Wellcome) f. 153 (MED) And as towchinge preseruaciouns and curynges of discrasyngis and empostymes and oþere siche þat happen to falle to woundis, two þingis owen to be vndirstonden.

1568 G. Skeyne in Tracts (1860) (title) Ane breve descriptiovn of the pest quhair in the..signis and sum speciall preseruatioun and cure.

1584 T. Cogan (title) The hauen of health... Hereunto is added a preseruation from the pestilence.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lv. 116 Measure is likewise the preseruation of all things.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 166 Hallowed meddals, which they woare as preseruations against death.

1660 T. Hall Samaria's Downfall xiii. 77 When the judgement is thus truly convinced of the vileness of sin, it is an excellent preservation against sin.

1730 T. Fuller Exanthematologia ii.195 Vomiting is recommended by some as an excellent Preservation; but if it prove not such, yet possibly it may be a good Preparative, provided it be used before the Party perceiveth any Symptoms of the Disease upon him.

1753 Country Gentleman's Compan. I. iii. i. 142 It is an excellent Preservation against all Manner of Sickness.

1798 W. Blair Soldier’s Friend xii. 152 The greatest preservation against vice and dissipation, in every line of life, being employment.

1882 Times 6 Sept. 3/7 The utility of forests as a safe-guard against avalanches..has often been pointed out, but it has never before been suggested that forests are a preservation against hailstorms.

1925 A. Strachey tr. S. Freud Uncanny in Coll. Papers IV. 387 This invention of doubling as a preservation against extinction has its counterpart in the language of dreams, which is found of representing castration by a doubling or multiplication of the genital symbol.

3. The state or condition of being preserved; intactness, keeping, repair.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation from decay, loss, or destruction > state of being preserved

preservation1748

1748 in R. Schomberg tr. H. Richer Life of Mæcenas Pref. p. x A very beautiful marble bust, in a most complete state of preservation, was lately dug up.

1789 E. Sheridan Let. in Betsy Sheridan's Jrnl. (1986) vii. 169 I saw Miss Cholmondeley there in very bad preservation. Time has used her..scurvily.

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature IV. 34 The mass of this monument was, in other respects, in excellent preservation.

1816 T. Chalmers Let. in W. Hanna Mem. T. Chalmers (1849) II. iv. 82 The fox~tails are still in great preservation.

1890 E. H. Barker Wayfaring in France 216 The ramparts of Aigues-Mortes..are in a much better state of preservation.

1923 National Geographic Mag. Jan. 6/1 This relic of medieval Pisan rule is in an excellent state of preservation, with its coat of arms, statuette of the elephant, and iron-bound portcullis.

1959 G. L. Harding Antiquities of Jordan viii. 150 The remarkable state of preservation of buildings which are now not less than 1,300 or 1,400 years old.

1990 Opera Now May 24/4 His voice was kept in an exceptionally fine state of preservation well into old age.

2003 Antiquity (Nexis) 1 Dec. 719 No burials had been located in deep stratified deposits, found in good preservation, and radiocarbon dated.

4. A preserved thing or place. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation from decay, loss, or destruction > that which is preserved

mummy1642

preservea1682

preservation1796

1796 C. Burney Mem. Life Metastasio III. 188 We should..be in the state of those preservations which..without salting, become incorruptible when buried under a deep snow.

1977 Marysville (Ohio) Jrnl.-Tribune 21 Mar. 1/2 Planning a month long trip to the wildlife preservations in India.

1992 New Scientist 26 Sept. 36/11 The capsule contains the remains of 11 people or ‘patients’, as cryonicists call them. Seven are whole-body ‘preservations’ or ‘suspensions’.

Compounds

preservation order n. chiefly British a legal obligation laid on an owner to preserve a building, natural feature, etc., of special interest or value.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation in being or maintenance > preservation order

preservation order1912

tree preservation order1947

1912 Times 1 May 8/2 Any monument was in danger of destruction or damage from neglect or injudicious treatment, to make an order placing the monument under their own protection.This proceeding would be by a ‘Preservation Order’ issued by the Commissioners.

1943 Act 6 & 7 Geo. VI c. 29 §8 If it appears to any interim development authority that it is expedient..to make provision for the preservation of trees or woodlands..they may..make an order (in this section referred to as an ‘interim preservation order’) with respect to such trees.

1978 N. J. Crisp London Deal iv. 83 Those houses are the subject of preservation orders now.

1990 Compl. Angler's Guide Spring 17/1 Were it not for angling interests, our rivers would have been in need of a preservation order years ago.

2005 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 9 Dec. 13 The new houses..come with private gardens and the benefit of mature hedgerows and trees, many protected by preservation orders.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	preservation
释义	preservationn. Brit. /ˌprɛzəˈveɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌprɛzərˈveɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English precervacion, late Middle English preseruacioun, late Middle English preseruasioun, late Middle English (in a late copy)–1500s preseruacion, late Middle English–1500s preseruacyon, late Middle English–1600s preservacion, late Middle English– preservation, 1500s presaruation, 1500s–1600s preseruation, 1500s–1600s preservacon, 1600s preservatyon; Scottish pre-1700 preserfwacion, pre-1700 preseruatioun, pre-1700 preservacioun, pre-1700 preservatation (transmission error), pre-1700 preservatione, pre-1700 preservatioun, pre-1700 preservatioune, pre-1700 preserwatioun, pre-1700 presservatioun, pre-1700 1700s– preservation. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French preservation; Latin praeservation-, praeservatio. Etymology: < Middle French preservation action of preserving, protection (1314 in Old French; also as preservacion; French préservation ) and its etymon post-classical Latin praeservation-, praeservatio action of preserving, protection (a1273 in Aquinas; from 14th cent. in British sources) < praeservat- , past participial stem of praeservare preserve v. + classical Latin -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Old Occitan preservation (1418), Catalan preservació (1349), Spanish preservación (a1482 or earlier), Portuguese preservação (1665), Italian preservazióne (1363). 1. The action of preserving from damage, decay, or destruction; the fact of being preserved.Frequently with objective genitive or equivalent of-phrase.In early use: spec. †protection from disease or infection, prophylaxis (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] salvationc1374 preservation?a1425 servation1521 preserval1639 retention1799 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 44^v (MED) In preseruacioun [?c1425 Paris preseruynge; L. preseruatione] þer was no better þan to flee þe regioun bifore þe infeccioun. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 507 (MED) Ther is a lecche which wole vndirtake to make him hool or to preserue him fro the fal into thilk sijknes; but al the ricches of this seid man is litil ynouȝ forto spende aboute the medicyns longing to thilk cure or preseruacioun. 1543 ( Chron. J. Hardyng (1812) 318 (MED) Chose he was..His custode then for good informacion Of the kyng his persone and preseruacion. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. iii. f. 103 Thankes geuynge to almyghty god for his delyuery and preseruation from so many imminent perels. 1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 233 Remedies meete for the maintenance and preseruation of his bodie. 1641 More's Rich. III Ep. Ded. 1 The great care..observed..for the preservation of antiquities. 1662 Bk. Com. Prayer, General Thanksgiving We bless thee for our creation, preservation, and all the blessings of this life. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 203 I saw it necessary for my immediate Preservation to fall upon them. 1771 Philos. Trans. 1770 (Royal Soc.) 60 318 Varnished over with the same sort of varnish that is used for the preservation. 1856 C. Dickens Let. 13 July (1995) VIII. 162 The admirable preservation of the girl's identity. 1890 Times 10 Sept. 13/4 Representations regarding the preservation of the building having been made to them, they have given directions that it shall not be interfered with until they have come to a decision as to its fate. 1935 J. S. Huxley & A. C. Haddon We Europeans vii. 213 The Albanians..are noteworthy for the preservation of many archaic customs and of a primitive form of Aryan language. 1991 Daily Tel. 5 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) 2/3 Despite the emphasis on preservation the guidance recognises that in some cases the archaeological remains may not warrant it. 2. A means of preserving; a preservative, spec. a medicine or other agent that gives protection from disease or infection. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > prophylactic medicine > [noun] preservativec1425 preservationc1475 prophylactic?1541 preserve1554 preservatory1654 preventive1666 preventative1699 phylactic1711 toxoid1900 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation from decay, loss, or destruction > one who or that which preserves from decay, etc. > that which preserves from decay, loss, etc. conservea1393 conservativea1398 preservative?a1439 conservator?1440 preservationc1475 preserve1554 conservatory1563 conservice1607 conservatorship1645 preservatory1654 balsam1658 amber1785 embalmer1838 c1475 tr. Henri de Mondeville Surgery (Wellcome) f. 153 (MED) And as towchinge preseruaciouns and curynges of discrasyngis and empostymes and oþere siche þat happen to falle to woundis, two þingis owen to be vndirstonden. 1568 G. Skeyne in Tracts (1860) (title) Ane breve descriptiovn of the pest quhair in the..signis and sum speciall preseruatioun and cure. 1584 T. Cogan (title) The hauen of health... Hereunto is added a preseruation from the pestilence. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lv. 116 Measure is likewise the preseruation of all things. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 166 Hallowed meddals, which they woare as preseruations against death. 1660 T. Hall Samaria's Downfall xiii. 77 When the judgement is thus truly convinced of the vileness of sin, it is an excellent preservation against sin. 1730 T. Fuller Exanthematologia ii.195 Vomiting is recommended by some as an excellent Preservation; but if it prove not such, yet possibly it may be a good Preparative, provided it be used before the Party perceiveth any Symptoms of the Disease upon him. 1753 Country Gentleman's Compan. I. iii. i. 142 It is an excellent Preservation against all Manner of Sickness. 1798 W. Blair Soldier’s Friend xii. 152 The greatest preservation against vice and dissipation, in every line of life, being employment. 1882 Times 6 Sept. 3/7 The utility of forests as a safe-guard against avalanches..has often been pointed out, but it has never before been suggested that forests are a preservation against hailstorms. 1925 A. Strachey tr. S. Freud Uncanny in Coll. Papers IV. 387 This invention of doubling as a preservation against extinction has its counterpart in the language of dreams, which is found of representing castration by a doubling or multiplication of the genital symbol. 3. The state or condition of being preserved; intactness, keeping, repair. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation from decay, loss, or destruction > state of being preserved preservation1748 1748 in R. Schomberg tr. H. Richer Life of Mæcenas Pref. p. x A very beautiful marble bust, in a most complete state of preservation, was lately dug up. 1789 E. Sheridan Let. in Betsy Sheridan's Jrnl. (1986) vii. 169 I saw Miss Cholmondeley there in very bad preservation. Time has used her..scurvily. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature IV. 34 The mass of this monument was, in other respects, in excellent preservation. 1816 T. Chalmers Let. in W. Hanna Mem. T. Chalmers (1849) II. iv. 82 The fox~tails are still in great preservation. 1890 E. H. Barker Wayfaring in France 216 The ramparts of Aigues-Mortes..are in a much better state of preservation. 1923 National Geographic Mag. Jan. 6/1 This relic of medieval Pisan rule is in an excellent state of preservation, with its coat of arms, statuette of the elephant, and iron-bound portcullis. 1959 G. L. Harding Antiquities of Jordan viii. 150 The remarkable state of preservation of buildings which are now not less than 1,300 or 1,400 years old. 1990 Opera Now May 24/4 His voice was kept in an exceptionally fine state of preservation well into old age. 2003 Antiquity (Nexis) 1 Dec. 719 No burials had been located in deep stratified deposits, found in good preservation, and radiocarbon dated. 4. A preserved thing or place. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation from decay, loss, or destruction > that which is preserved mummy1642 preservea1682 preservation1796 1796 C. Burney Mem. Life Metastasio III. 188 We should..be in the state of those preservations which..without salting, become incorruptible when buried under a deep snow. 1977 Marysville (Ohio) Jrnl.-Tribune 21 Mar. 1/2 Planning a month long trip to the wildlife preservations in India. 1992 New Scientist 26 Sept. 36/11 The capsule contains the remains of 11 people or ‘patients’, as cryonicists call them. Seven are whole-body ‘preservations’ or ‘suspensions’. Compounds preservation order n. chiefly British a legal obligation laid on an owner to preserve a building, natural feature, etc., of special interest or value. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation in being or maintenance > preservation order preservation order1912 tree preservation order1947 1912 Times 1 May 8/2 Any monument was in danger of destruction or damage from neglect or injudicious treatment, to make an order placing the monument under their own protection.This proceeding would be by a ‘Preservation Order’ issued by the Commissioners. 1943 Act 6 & 7 Geo. VI c. 29 §8 If it appears to any interim development authority that it is expedient..to make provision for the preservation of trees or woodlands..they may..make an order (in this section referred to as an ‘interim preservation order’) with respect to such trees. 1978 N. J. Crisp London Deal iv. 83 Those houses are the subject of preservation orders now. 1990 Compl. Angler's Guide Spring 17/1 Were it not for angling interests, our rivers would have been in need of a preservation order years ago. 2005 Birmingham Post (Nexis) 9 Dec. 13 The new houses..come with private gardens and the benefit of mature hedgerows and trees, many protected by preservation orders. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
随便看	to be the making of to be the makings of to be the means occasionally also mean of to be the means of to be the mustard to be the rage to be the salvation of to be the worse for liquor to be themselves to be there to be there for to be thereafter to be thick o' fog to be thorough game to be thorough with to be threshed with your own flail to be through with to be through with one's star to be thrown on one's own resources to be thrown out of the window to be thrown out the window to be tied by the leg to be tied for time to be tied to time to be to