presidencyn.

Brit.

/ˈprɛzᵻd(ə)nsi/, U.S.

/ˈprɛzədnsi/,

/ˈprɛzəˌdɛnsi/

Forms: 1500s–1600s presidencie, 1600s– presidency.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin praesidentia.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin praesidentia action or fact of presiding, rule, government (13th cent.; from 14th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin praesident- , praesidēns president n. + -ia -y suffix³; compare -ency suffix. Compare Old Occitan presidencia (14th cent.), Catalan presidència (1507), Spanish presidencia (1414 or earlier), Portuguese presidência (15th cent. as presidençia ), Italian presidenza (a1364). Compare earlier presidence n.

a. = presidence n. 1. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > one who presides > over a body of persons or their meetings > position of

presidentshipc1525

presidency1581

presidence1606

1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxviii. 173 Apollo..to haue the presidencie ouer nyne wymen, the resemblers of learning.

1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 74 Without the presidency and guidance of some superiour Agent.

a1714 M. Henry Beauties of Henry (1797) I. v. ix. 260 During the reign of Moses the cloud was their guide, but now, in Joshua's reign, the ark; both visible signs of God's presence and presidency.

1836 J. Gilbert Christian Atonem. iv. 126 Minds..perceived in these parts of his glorious works the presidency and the wisdom, as well as the power and majesty, of God.

1941 A. E. Haydon Biogr. Gods i. 15 In Babylonia, several gods in succession were honored as creators, as the presidency of the divine hierarchy changed with the passing dynasties.

b. The office or function of president; the fact of being a president; chairmanship. Also: the period during which a president holds office.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > president or chairperson of > office of

presidence1606

presidency1608

prolocutorshipa1650

Speakership1653

chair1659

presidentship1711

chairpersonship1982

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > in a republic > (period of) office of

presidency1608

presidentship1884

1608 J. Smith True Relation Occurr. Virginia sig. B1 With one consent he [sc. Capt. Wingfield] was deposed from his presidencie.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 768 All which were..seruiceable in Captaine Smiths presidencie, to the English.

1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia i. i. 2 The Presidencie of Mounster being voyd, by the unfortunate death of Sir Thomas Norris.

1773 T. Leland Hist. Ireland II. ii. 257 The queen was so persuaded of the justness of their complaints against Sir Edward Fitton, that she soon after removed him from the presidency of Connaught.

c1796 T. Twining Trav. Amer. (1894) 136 General Washington..remained there till 1789, when the general voice of his country called him from his pastoral pursuits to the Presidency of the Government.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. viii. 293 The presidency [of Magdalen College] was not vacant: Hough had been duly elected.

1884 Law Times 13 Sept. 332/2 The Queen's Bench Division, under the presidency of the late Lord Chief Justice, refused to interfere.

a1901 J. Fiske Ess. Hist. & Lit. (1902) I. vii. 308 His remarkable influence over the common people had not ceased with his presidency.

1948 Life 6 Sept. 35/2 In 1916 he resigned from the court to run against Woodrow Wilson for the presidency.

1992 N.Y. Times 21 July a8/6 Mr. Havel's presidency ended as a white flag bearing the presidential insignia and coat of arms..was hauled down.

c. The board of presiding officers of the Mormon Church, consisting of the president of the church and two counsellors. Usually as First Presidency n.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > council > Mormon > [noun]

presidency1841

1841 Times & Seasons (Nauvoo, Illinois) May 413/1 The Chairman then read a resolution..in which the first Presidency of the Church, and others are commanded to make a solemn proclamation to the Kings of the earth.

a1853 J. W. Gunnison in J. Gardner Faiths World (1858) I. 492/2 The hierarchy of the Mormon church has many grades of offices and gifts. The first is the presidency of three persons.

1858 M. E. V. Smith Fifteen Years among Mormons 151 The Prophet and his two counsellors..form that fearful centre of all ecclesiastical and temporal power in the Church known as the First Presidency or simply the ‘Presidency’.

1905 Out West Sept. 244 Each Bishop..has two Counselors to assist him, these three forming a Bishopric; and the President over the entire Church also has two Counselors, they with him constituting the First Presidency.

1960 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 1 Dec. 35/1 He has been both superintendent and counselor in the MIA, a member of the Elders Quorum presidency, Ward Clerk, and most recently First Counselor to Bishop Dean Fletcher in the Reno Ward.

2004 Houston (Texas) Chron. (Nexis) 9 Oct. 5 David Bednar and Dieter Uchtdorf were chosen for the church's Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, the top leadership council after the three-member First Presidency.

†2. Superiority, precedence. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being the best > [noun]

bestness1548

preseance1591

presidency1608

primity1643

superlativenessa1649

supreme1681

optimism1797

1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 12 Caietan denieth that there was any such presidencie and superiority among the midwiues.

1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 58 The German Priests had a liberty to be present..and to have some presidency therein.

a. The jurisdiction or government of the president of each of the three main English factories owned by the East India Company in India; (also) the seat of that jurisdiction. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1681 J. Child Treat. E.-India Trade 22 A Factory at Suratt, will share in all the Trades..within the Correspondency of that Presidency.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia Contents p. iv Relation of the English Presidency at Surat.

1702 Indenture in Charters granted East India Company (1773) 323 Under the Presidency of the aforesaid Island Bombay.

1773 J. Potter in T. Salmon's Mod. Gazetteer (ed. 9) at George This is the capital or presidency of all the settlements the English East-India company have on the coast of Coromandel.

1793 C. F. Greville Brit. India Analyzed III. xvi. 665 Saved from a very disproportionate revenue, to liquidate the yearly gratuity paid to the Nizam by treaty, or is remitted in specie to the Presidency of Fort St. George.

1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 136 The enviable possession of a chaplaincy at the presidency.

1912 Times 5 Sept. 7/1 The Lord Pentland was received in audience by the King this evening and kissed hands upon his appointment as Governor of the Presidency of Fort St. George at Madras in the East Indies.

1963 S. H. Steinberg et al. New Dict. Brit. Hist. 41 He granted it [sc. Bombay] in 1668 to the East India Company for an annual rent of £10, and it was placed under the presidency of Surat, where a British factory had been established.

b. Each of the three divisions of the East India Company's territory in India, which were originally governed by the presidents of the Company's three factories. Now historical.Early examples of the word in an Indian context are difficult to distinguish from sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > seat of rule or government > [noun] > regional in India

presidency1796

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > territory under a governor or official > [noun] > under specific governors in India

subahship1753

nabobship1761

subedari1765

presidency1796

1796 Maj. J. Taylor (title) Observations on the mode proposed by the new arrangement for the distribution of the off-reckoning fund of the several Presidencies in India.

1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lx. 539 Jos's friends were all from the three presidencies, and his new house was in the comfortable Anglo-Indian district of which Moira Place is the centre.

1859 J. Lang Wanderings in India 73 The doctor had been appointed a presidency surgeon, and had charge of one of the hospitals in Calcutta.

1936 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 41 562 The Katkaris are..a separate element of the population throughout parts of the Bombay Presidency.

1985 T. Ali Nehrus & Gandhis i. 5 Political activity was concentrated in the three presidency towns: Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	presidency
释义	presidencyn. Brit. /ˈprɛzᵻd(ə)nsi/, U.S. /ˈprɛzədnsi/, /ˈprɛzəˌdɛnsi/ Forms: 1500s–1600s presidencie, 1600s– presidency. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin praesidentia. Etymology: < post-classical Latin praesidentia action or fact of presiding, rule, government (13th cent.; from 14th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin praesident- , praesidēns president n. + -ia -y suffix³; compare -ency suffix. Compare Old Occitan presidencia (14th cent.), Catalan presidència (1507), Spanish presidencia (1414 or earlier), Portuguese presidência (15th cent. as presidençia ), Italian presidenza (a1364). Compare earlier presidence n. 1. a. = presidence n. 1. rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [noun] > one who presides > over a body of persons or their meetings > position of presidentshipc1525 presidency1581 presidence1606 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxviii. 173 Apollo..to haue the presidencie ouer nyne wymen, the resemblers of learning. 1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 74 Without the presidency and guidance of some superiour Agent. a1714 M. Henry Beauties of Henry (1797) I. v. ix. 260 During the reign of Moses the cloud was their guide, but now, in Joshua's reign, the ark; both visible signs of God's presence and presidency. 1836 J. Gilbert Christian Atonem. iv. 126 Minds..perceived in these parts of his glorious works the presidency and the wisdom, as well as the power and majesty, of God. 1941 A. E. Haydon Biogr. Gods i. 15 In Babylonia, several gods in succession were honored as creators, as the presidency of the divine hierarchy changed with the passing dynasties. b. The office or function of president; the fact of being a president; chairmanship. Also: the period during which a president holds office. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > president or chairperson of > office of presidence1606 presidency1608 prolocutorshipa1650 Speakership1653 chair1659 presidentship1711 chairpersonship1982 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > head of government > [noun] > in a republic > (period of) office of presidency1608 presidentship1884 1608 J. Smith True Relation Occurr. Virginia sig. B1 With one consent he [sc. Capt. Wingfield] was deposed from his presidencie. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 768 All which were..seruiceable in Captaine Smiths presidencie, to the English. 1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia i. i. 2 The Presidencie of Mounster being voyd, by the unfortunate death of Sir Thomas Norris. 1773 T. Leland Hist. Ireland II. ii. 257 The queen was so persuaded of the justness of their complaints against Sir Edward Fitton, that she soon after removed him from the presidency of Connaught. c1796 T. Twining Trav. Amer. (1894) 136 General Washington..remained there till 1789, when the general voice of his country called him from his pastoral pursuits to the Presidency of the Government. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. viii. 293 The presidency [of Magdalen College] was not vacant: Hough had been duly elected. 1884 Law Times 13 Sept. 332/2 The Queen's Bench Division, under the presidency of the late Lord Chief Justice, refused to interfere. a1901 J. Fiske Ess. Hist. & Lit. (1902) I. vii. 308 His remarkable influence over the common people had not ceased with his presidency. 1948 Life 6 Sept. 35/2 In 1916 he resigned from the court to run against Woodrow Wilson for the presidency. 1992 N.Y. Times 21 July a8/6 Mr. Havel's presidency ended as a white flag bearing the presidential insignia and coat of arms..was hauled down. c. The board of presiding officers of the Mormon Church, consisting of the president of the church and two counsellors. Usually as First Presidency n. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > council > Mormon > [noun] presidency1841 1841 Times & Seasons (Nauvoo, Illinois) May 413/1 The Chairman then read a resolution..in which the first Presidency of the Church, and others are commanded to make a solemn proclamation to the Kings of the earth. a1853 J. W. Gunnison in J. Gardner Faiths World (1858) I. 492/2 The hierarchy of the Mormon church has many grades of offices and gifts. The first is the presidency of three persons. 1858 M. E. V. Smith Fifteen Years among Mormons 151 The Prophet and his two counsellors..form that fearful centre of all ecclesiastical and temporal power in the Church known as the First Presidency or simply the ‘Presidency’. 1905 Out West Sept. 244 Each Bishop..has two Counselors to assist him, these three forming a Bishopric; and the President over the entire Church also has two Counselors, they with him constituting the First Presidency. 1960 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 1 Dec. 35/1 He has been both superintendent and counselor in the MIA, a member of the Elders Quorum presidency, Ward Clerk, and most recently First Counselor to Bishop Dean Fletcher in the Reno Ward. 2004 Houston (Texas) Chron. (Nexis) 9 Oct. 5 David Bednar and Dieter Uchtdorf were chosen for the church's Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, the top leadership council after the three-member First Presidency. †2. Superiority, precedence. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > quality of being the best > [noun] bestness1548 preseance1591 presidency1608 primity1643 superlativenessa1649 supreme1681 optimism1797 1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 12 Caietan denieth that there was any such presidencie and superiority among the midwiues. 1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 58 The German Priests had a liberty to be present..and to have some presidency therein. 3. a. The jurisdiction or government of the president of each of the three main English factories owned by the East India Company in India; (also) the seat of that jurisdiction. Now historical. ΚΠ 1681 J. Child Treat. E.-India Trade 22 A Factory at Suratt, will share in all the Trades..within the Correspondency of that Presidency. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia Contents p. iv Relation of the English Presidency at Surat. 1702 Indenture in Charters granted East India Company (1773) 323 Under the Presidency of the aforesaid Island Bombay. 1773 J. Potter in T. Salmon's Mod. Gazetteer (ed. 9) at George This is the capital or presidency of all the settlements the English East-India company have on the coast of Coromandel. 1793 C. F. Greville Brit. India Analyzed III. xvi. 665 Saved from a very disproportionate revenue, to liquidate the yearly gratuity paid to the Nizam by treaty, or is remitted in specie to the Presidency of Fort St. George. 1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 136 The enviable possession of a chaplaincy at the presidency. 1912 Times 5 Sept. 7/1 The Lord Pentland was received in audience by the King this evening and kissed hands upon his appointment as Governor of the Presidency of Fort St. George at Madras in the East Indies. 1963 S. H. Steinberg et al. New Dict. Brit. Hist. 41 He granted it [sc. Bombay] in 1668 to the East India Company for an annual rent of £10, and it was placed under the presidency of Surat, where a British factory had been established. b. Each of the three divisions of the East India Company's territory in India, which were originally governed by the presidents of the Company's three factories. Now historical.Early examples of the word in an Indian context are difficult to distinguish from sense 1. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > seat of rule or government > [noun] > regional in India presidency1796 society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > territory under a governor or official > [noun] > under specific governors in India subahship1753 nabobship1761 subedari1765 presidency1796 1796 Maj. J. Taylor (title) Observations on the mode proposed by the new arrangement for the distribution of the off-reckoning fund of the several Presidencies in India. 1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lx. 539 Jos's friends were all from the three presidencies, and his new house was in the comfortable Anglo-Indian district of which Moira Place is the centre. 1859 J. Lang Wanderings in India 73 The doctor had been appointed a presidency surgeon, and had charge of one of the hospitals in Calcutta. 1936 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 41 562 The Katkaris are..a separate element of the population throughout parts of the Bombay Presidency. 1985 T. Ali Nehrus & Gandhis i. 5 Political activity was concentrated in the three presidency towns: Calcutta, Bombay and Madras. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1581
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