单词 | benchmarking |
释义 | benchmarkingn. 1. The action or practice of comparing something to a benchmark; evaluation against an established standard. ΚΠ 1970 J. Blish Spock must Die! i. 1 The procedure is still called ‘bench-marking’ after ancient ordinance mapping practices laid down before the days of space flight. 1973 G. Perry et al. Brookings Papers Econ. Activity 761 The benchmarking of the industrial production index to the Census of Manufacturers is done by seven-digit product classes. 1990 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 329 383 Field monitoring..was the initial tool for assessment, but inefficiency of the process and poor data interpretability turned the group's attention to benchmarking. 2000 Nature 30 Mar. 430/1 Leaders of the European Union agreed on a timetable for introducing a benchmarking system for member states' research policies. 2011 Nordic Econ. Policy Rev. 2 259 We conduct a detailed benchmarking of approximately 1400 Danish..schools. 2. Computing. The action or process of measuring the performance of hardware or software using standardized or specially chosen software, data sets, etc. Frequently attributive. Cf. benchmark n. 2b. ΚΠ 1972 National Bureau of Standards (U.S. Dept. Commerce Special Publ. 367) 60/2 The Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology is developing guidelines and techniques for the effective application of performance measurement devices for today's computers... Techniques, such as benchmarking and validation, play an important role. 1978 Computing Europe 7 Dec. 9/1 The latest IBM big processor outperforms and is a better buy than its major plug compatible rivals... This is the main conclusion of extensive benchmarking tests. 1988 Computer Weekly 28 Apr. 24 The benchmarking of computers has always been more of an art than a science. 1998 Chicago Tribune 5 Oct. iv. 2/3 The company makes several other benchmarking programs, but they are more specialized for corporate markets. 2006 L. Kurian John & L. Eeckhout Performance Eval. & Benchmarking Pref. Benchmarking is at the heart of computer architecture research and development. Without a deep understanding of benchmarks' behavior on a microprocessor and without efficient and accurate performance evaluation techniques, it is impossible to design next-generation microprocessors. 3. Business. A process in which a business evaluates its own operations (often specific procedures) by detailed comparison with those of another business (esp. a competitor), in order to establish best practice and improve performance; the examination and emulation of other organizations' strengths.The term is sometimes also applied to an internal interdepartmental review of a company. ΚΠ 1976 Harvard Business Rev. Mar. b2/1 Benchmarking and tracking are more important than absolute measures against alleged standards; there simply aren't any reliable standards yet. 1990 Internat. Herald Tribune (Paris) 26 Apr. 13/1 Benchmarking does not have to involve competitors... When Xerox executives wanted to evaluate their sheet-metal manufacturing processes they looked at Japanese automakers. 1999 Physician Executive (Electronic ed.) 1 Nov. 50 Benchmarking did not create new management problems... Rather, management's role has been simplified and transformed by physicians adopting the benchmarking process. 2010 Indian Econ. Rev. 45 163 It is the benchmarking of an industrial organization by measuring it up against its constituent firms. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1970 |
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