pre-Socraticadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌpriːsəˈkratɪk/, U.S.

/ˌprisəˈkrædək/

Forms: also with capital initial in the first element and with lower-case initial in the second element.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pre- prefix, Socratic adj.

Etymology: < pre- prefix + Socratic adj. Compare later post-Socratic adj. at post- prefix 2a(b)(i).

Philosophy.

A. adj.

Of, relating to, or dating from the period before Socrates, spec. the 6th and early 5th centuries b.c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > pre-Socratic schools of philosophy > [adjective]

pre-Socratic1838

1838 A. J. W. Morrison tr. A. H. Ritter Hist. Anc. Philos. I. 179 (heading) History of the Pre-Socratic philosophy.

1856 J. H. Seelye tr. A. Schwegler Hist. Philos. in Epitome iii. i. 17 The universal tendency of the pre-Socratic philosophy is to find some principle for the explanation of nature.

1892 J. Burnet Early Greek Philos. 2 The common practice of treating this younger contemporary of Sokrates [sc. Demokritos] along with the ‘pre-Socratic philosophers’ has obscured the true course of historical development.

1957 G. S. Kirk & J. E. Raven Presocratic Philosophers p. vii We have limited our scope to the chief Presocratic ‘physicists’ and their forerunners, whose main preoccupation was with the nature (physis) and coherence of things as a whole.

1974 Nature 8 Nov. 130/2 In the treatment of Greek science emphasis is laid upon the importance of the presocratic belief that causal relationships existed between natural phenomena.

2001 Brit. Jrnl. Hist. Sci. 34 380 An awareness of what might be called ontological objectivity..was implicit in the speculations and enquiries of some of the pre-Socratic thinkers, Plato and Aristotle.

B. n.

Any of the Greek philosophers of the 6th and 5th centuries b.c. who preceded Socrates.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > pre-Socratic schools of philosophy > [noun] > Presocratic philosopher or adherent

pre-Socratic1876

1876 S. F. Alleyne et al. tr. E. Zeller Plato & Older Acad. p. viii Character in relation to Socrates..To the pre-Socratics.

1889 Mind 14 603 It was transformed into a monism like that of the pre-Socratics.

1945 B. Russell Hist. Western Philos. (1946) i. xiii. 126 ‘The Good’ dominated his [sc. Plato's] thought more than that of the pre-Socratics.

1972 E. Hussey Presocratics i. 1 What gives the group of Presocratics such unity as it possesses is..that all these men were involved in the movement of thought which led to the separation of science and philosophy from one another and from other ways of thinking.

1994 H. Bloom Western Canon iii. x. 261 While the pre-Socratics and Freud agree that there are no accidents, Austen thinks differently.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pre-socratic
释义	pre-Socraticadj.n. Brit. /ˌpriːsəˈkratɪk/, U.S. /ˌprisəˈkrædək/ Forms: also with capital initial in the first element and with lower-case initial in the second element. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pre- prefix, Socratic adj. Etymology: < pre- prefix + Socratic adj. Compare later post-Socratic adj. at post- prefix 2a(b)(i). Philosophy. A. adj. Of, relating to, or dating from the period before Socrates, spec. the 6th and early 5th centuries b.c. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > pre-Socratic schools of philosophy > [adjective] pre-Socratic1838 1838 A. J. W. Morrison tr. A. H. Ritter Hist. Anc. Philos. I. 179 (heading) History of the Pre-Socratic philosophy. 1856 J. H. Seelye tr. A. Schwegler Hist. Philos. in Epitome iii. i. 17 The universal tendency of the pre-Socratic philosophy is to find some principle for the explanation of nature. 1892 J. Burnet Early Greek Philos. 2 The common practice of treating this younger contemporary of Sokrates [sc. Demokritos] along with the ‘pre-Socratic philosophers’ has obscured the true course of historical development. 1957 G. S. Kirk & J. E. Raven Presocratic Philosophers p. vii We have limited our scope to the chief Presocratic ‘physicists’ and their forerunners, whose main preoccupation was with the nature (physis) and coherence of things as a whole. 1974 Nature 8 Nov. 130/2 In the treatment of Greek science emphasis is laid upon the importance of the presocratic belief that causal relationships existed between natural phenomena. 2001 Brit. Jrnl. Hist. Sci. 34 380 An awareness of what might be called ontological objectivity..was implicit in the speculations and enquiries of some of the pre-Socratic thinkers, Plato and Aristotle. B. n. Any of the Greek philosophers of the 6th and 5th centuries b.c. who preceded Socrates. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > pre-Socratic schools of philosophy > [noun] > Presocratic philosopher or adherent pre-Socratic1876 1876 S. F. Alleyne et al. tr. E. Zeller Plato & Older Acad. p. viii Character in relation to Socrates..To the pre-Socratics. 1889 Mind 14 603 It was transformed into a monism like that of the pre-Socratics. 1945 B. Russell Hist. Western Philos. (1946) i. xiii. 126 ‘The Good’ dominated his [sc. Plato's] thought more than that of the pre-Socratics. 1972 E. Hussey Presocratics i. 1 What gives the group of Presocratics such unity as it possesses is..that all these men were involved in the movement of thought which led to the separation of science and philosophy from one another and from other ways of thinking. 1994 H. Bloom Western Canon iii. x. 261 While the pre-Socratics and Freud agree that there are no accidents, Austen thinks differently. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1838
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