preonn.

1975 J. C. Pati et al. in Physics Lett. B. 89 265 It could prove useful to regard the quarks themselves as composite structures and our purpose here is to sketch a model based on entities which may be more basic than quarks. These entities we shall call pre's, and of them the thirty-two quarks are supposed to be made.]

1977 N. Calder Key to New Physics iv. 130 Jogesh Pati (University of Maryland) and Abdus Salam (Trieste and London) developed this idea..from 1973 onwards... The idea was that each quark consisted of a combination of two ‘pre-quarks’ or ‘preons’.

1977 Jrnl. Korean Physical Soc. 10 42 Modifying Salam's preon model slightly, a universal preon model has been formulated, from which the structures of hadrons and leptons can be explained.

1993 Physical Rev. D. 48 1921 It is shown that the unity of forces may well occur at the level of preons near the Planck scale.

2004 New Scientist 6 Nov. 19/2 Some theorists believe preons could be the building blocks of elementary particles such as quarks and electrons.