presidialadj.¹n.

Brit.

/prᵻˈsɪdɪəl/, U.S.

/prəˈsɪdiəl/

Forms: 1500s presidiale, 1500s presidialle, 1500s–1600s presidiall, 1600s– presidial, 1700s 1900s– praesidial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French presidial; Latin praesidialis.

Etymology: < Middle French presidial (adjective) of or relating to a province, provincial (1490 in cour presidiale ; earlier as court presidal (1435); also as noun (1585 in sense B.); French présidial ) and its etymon post-classical Latin praesidialis, variant (6th cent. or earlier; after classical Latin praesidium garrison: see presidy n.) of praesidalis relating to the governor of a province (in a 3rd-cent. text) < classical Latin praesid- , praeses governor of a province (see praeses n.) + -ālis -al suffix¹.In presidial court n. at sense A. 1 after Middle French cour presidiale (see above). With presidial seat n. at sense A. 1 compare French siège présidial (1552 in Middle French). With presidial province (see sense A. 3) compare post-classical Latin provinica praesidialis (4th cent.).

A. adj.¹

1. Of or relating to a province, provincial. presidial court n. a court of justice having limited jurisdiction, formerly established in French towns or cities without a supreme court (French parlement). Cf. sense B. presidial seat n. = presidial court n. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts in France

Court of Aids1523

parliament1560

presidial1576

presidial court1576

presidial seat1611

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [adjective] > relating to divisions in France

presidial1576

departmental1791

communal1796

cantonal1842

1576 A. Golding tr. Edict Frenche Kinge 21 The officers of our Presidiall Courts..shall in all matters, as well Ciuill as Criminall, appeale too the sayd Chambers newly erected in our sayd Parliaments.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Presidiaux The Offices of a Presidiall Seat, or Court.

1613 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1849) (modernized text) I. 267 To translate, by way of punishment, the presidial seat of justice, which is there [sc. at Nismes], to Beaucaire.

1661 H. P. Cressy Reflexions Oathes Supremacy 66 Fossart..was sentenced by the presidial Court of Justice in Caen publickly and bare-headed to acknowledge that the said propositions were false.

1706 tr. L. E. Du Pin New Eccl. Hist. 16th Cent. II. iv. xix. 305 (note) Presidial Courts are usually held in Cities, in which there are no Parliaments which are what in France they call Sovereign Courts.

1745 Theatre of Present War in Netherlands 247 Sare Louis..is..so called in Honour of the French King, Lewis XIV, who built it in 1680, and established therein a Presidial Court of a large Jurisdiction.

1815 tr. V. J. E. de Jouy Paris Chit-chat II. 158 A man..who continued..to talk of Metz, and of the Presidial Court.

1968 J. M. Tyrrell Hist. Estates Poitou iii. 122 Maître Jean Barbier, royal advocate at the presidial seat of justice of Poitiers, announced that the three estates of the pays and county of Poitou were summoned to appear before the royal commissioners.

1999 S. A. Finley-Croswhite Henry IV & Towns ii. 34 Le Picard served as lieutenant-civil et criminel at the presidial court in Amiens from 1587 to 1601.

2. Of or relating to a president or to the action or function of presiding; presidential. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > person in control > [adjective] > of or relating to presider or president > over a body of persons or their meetings

presidial1598

presidential1603

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Presidiale, of or pertaining to a president, or presidencie.

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Presidial, pertaining to a Lieutenant, Vice-Roy, chief Ruler or President.

1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. III. 495 Judgment holds in me a presidial seat, at least it carefully endeavours to make it so.

1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) II. 85 The Lord-Mayor and Aldermen of London have a Right Presidial in Southwark, and hold frequent Courts at St. Mary-hill in the Borough.

1850 Times 6 July 6/3 Austria..has taken advantage of its presidial rights and recommended the project to the consideration of the representatives of the federal states.

1891 Harper's Mag. Jan. 215/1 Watching the scene with a suave, presidial gaze, as if he were the patron of the ball.

1918 C. G. Robertson Bismarck v. 285 Bismarck persuaded the King of Bavaria to write to the King of Prussia, inviting him..to take the Imperial Crown and exercise as Emperor his Praesidial rights in the Confederation.

1997 Swiss Rev. World Affairs (Nexis) 3 Nov. Latin America's presidial systems lack checks and balances; legislative and judicial branches are subordinate to the executive, in fact if not on paper.

†3. Of a Roman province: under a governor (Latin praeses). Also in extended use. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > territory under a governor or official > [adjective] > Roman province under types of governor

proconsular1610

presidiala1654

proconsulary1728

senatorial1841

senatorian1842

a1654 J. Selden England's Epinomis (1683) ii. 6 A good part of the Isle conquered, and into a presidial Province reduced.

1731 A. Bower Historia Litteraria 2 59 The Consulares, Correctores, and Præsides had the Government of one single Province, which from the quality of its Governour was called Consular, Correctorial, or Presidial.

1734 A. Young Idolatrous Corrupt. II. 164 That Emperor [sc. Claudius]..reduc'd the Island to a præsidial Province, as appears from several antique Inscriptions exhibited by Mr. Selden.

1771 J. Macpherson Introd. Hist. Great Brit. & Ireland 264 They were succeeded in the presidial provinces by new levies of hardy and uncorrupted barbarians.

B. n.

= presidial court n. at sense A. 1. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts in France

Court of Aids1523

parliament1560

presidial1576

presidial court1576

presidial seat1611

1576 A. Golding tr. Edict Frenche Kinge 22 Matters Ciuill pertaining to the Presidialles, shall haue effect too the recouerie of the Appellants right.

1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 95 There are moreouer, some Presidials added since king Henrie the second, as the number of Councellors is augmented by the meanes of many edicts, for the creation of new offices.

1683 Apol. Protestants France ii. 15 He cites them before the Presidial of Nismes.

1756 T. Nugent Grand Tour IV. 6 Under these supreme courts, there are others for smaller matters, established in all the considerable towns of the kingdom, and distinguished by the name of presidials.

1790 Du Fresnoy's Addr. Nat. Assembly France 40 The French deprived of the invaluable advantage of being tried by juries, had in lieu of them, parliaments, presidials, [etc.]

1820 A. Ranken Hist. France VII. iii. ii. 339 There shall be..a presidial in the town of Rhodes.

1930 Marion (Ohio) Star 14 Oct. 6/6 Florimund de Beaune, whom Descartes placed in the first rank of mathematicians of his time, was leader of the presidial of Blois.

1987 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 8 Feb. (Travel) 21/1 The cobbled Street of the Salamander..leveled off in front of the Presidial, the ancient seat of justice founded by Henry II in the mid-1500s.

Derivatives

preˈsidially adv. rare

ΚΠ

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Presidialement, presidially; within presidiall Iurisdiction, or compasse.

1996 W. Doyle Venality vi. 189 Bailliages had been prepared to pay for promotion to this new [presidial] status, which then proved a pretext for creating more offices, since the quorum for judging ‘presidially’ was higher.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

presidialadj.²

Brit.

/prᵻˈsɪdɪəl/, U.S.

/prəˈsɪdiəl/

Forms: 1500s–1600s presidiall, 1600s praesidiall, 1800s– presidial.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymons: Latin praesidium , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < classical Latin praesidium garrison (see presidy n.) + -al suffix¹, after Italian presidiale (1598; now rare). In sense 2 after presidio n. With sense 1 compare presidiary adj.

†1. Of, relating to, or occupied by a garrison; fortified. Cf. presidiary adj. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > defended > garrisoned

presidiate1543

presidial1598

presidiary1599

garrisoneda1657

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [adjective] > garrison

presidial1598

presidiary1599

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes 292/2 Presidiall, of a garrison.

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xxxix. 75 There are three Presidiall Castles in this Citie [sc. Naples].

1652 J. Howell tr. A. Giraffi Exact Hist. Late Revol. Naples (new ed.) ii. 10 They plac'd presidiall forces of their own there.

2. Of or relating to a presidio.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [adjective]

presidial1846

1846 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. June 433/1 These various points, secured by presidial companies, were connected together, and formed a complete system of colonization and defence.

1883 Cent. Mag. June 203 A second class of pueblos, called, in the legal phrase of California's later days, ‘Presidial Pueblos’, had originated in the settlement of the presidios.

1969 R. Durrenberger Calif. iii. 37 Monterey, the capital of California during much of the Spanish-Mexican period, was the largest and most important presidial town.

1997 C. Radding Wandering Peoples i. i. 40 Apache raiding in the sierra presented a serious problem to colonial settlers and presidial commanders.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	presidial
释义	presidialadj.¹n. Brit. /prᵻˈsɪdɪəl/, U.S. /prəˈsɪdiəl/ Forms: 1500s presidiale, 1500s presidialle, 1500s–1600s presidiall, 1600s– presidial, 1700s 1900s– praesidial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French presidial; Latin praesidialis. Etymology: < Middle French presidial (adjective) of or relating to a province, provincial (1490 in cour presidiale ; earlier as court presidal (1435); also as noun (1585 in sense B.); French présidial ) and its etymon post-classical Latin praesidialis, variant (6th cent. or earlier; after classical Latin praesidium garrison: see presidy n.) of praesidalis relating to the governor of a province (in a 3rd-cent. text) < classical Latin praesid- , praeses governor of a province (see praeses n.) + -ālis -al suffix¹.In presidial court n. at sense A. 1 after Middle French cour presidiale (see above). With presidial seat n. at sense A. 1 compare French siège présidial (1552 in Middle French). With presidial province (see sense A. 3) compare post-classical Latin provinica praesidialis (4th cent.). A. adj.¹ 1. Of or relating to a province, provincial. presidial court n. a court of justice having limited jurisdiction, formerly established in French towns or cities without a supreme court (French parlement). Cf. sense B. presidial seat n. = presidial court n. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts in France Court of Aids1523 parliament1560 presidial1576 presidial court1576 presidial seat1611 society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [adjective] > relating to divisions in France presidial1576 departmental1791 communal1796 cantonal1842 1576 A. Golding tr. Edict Frenche Kinge 21 The officers of our Presidiall Courts..shall in all matters, as well Ciuill as Criminall, appeale too the sayd Chambers newly erected in our sayd Parliaments. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Presidiaux The Offices of a Presidiall Seat, or Court. 1613 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I (1849) (modernized text) I. 267 To translate, by way of punishment, the presidial seat of justice, which is there [sc. at Nismes], to Beaucaire. 1661 H. P. Cressy Reflexions Oathes Supremacy 66 Fossart..was sentenced by the presidial Court of Justice in Caen publickly and bare-headed to acknowledge that the said propositions were false. 1706 tr. L. E. Du Pin New Eccl. Hist. 16th Cent. II. iv. xix. 305 (note) Presidial Courts are usually held in Cities, in which there are no Parliaments which are what in France they call Sovereign Courts. 1745 Theatre of Present War in Netherlands 247 Sare Louis..is..so called in Honour of the French King, Lewis XIV, who built it in 1680, and established therein a Presidial Court of a large Jurisdiction. 1815 tr. V. J. E. de Jouy Paris Chit-chat II. 158 A man..who continued..to talk of Metz, and of the Presidial Court. 1968 J. M. Tyrrell Hist. Estates Poitou iii. 122 Maître Jean Barbier, royal advocate at the presidial seat of justice of Poitiers, announced that the three estates of the pays and county of Poitou were summoned to appear before the royal commissioners. 1999 S. A. Finley-Croswhite Henry IV & Towns ii. 34 Le Picard served as lieutenant-civil et criminel at the presidial court in Amiens from 1587 to 1601. 2. Of or relating to a president or to the action or function of presiding; presidential. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > person in control > [adjective] > of or relating to presider or president > over a body of persons or their meetings presidial1598 presidential1603 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Presidiale, of or pertaining to a president, or presidencie. 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Presidial, pertaining to a Lieutenant, Vice-Roy, chief Ruler or President. 1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. III. 495 Judgment holds in me a presidial seat, at least it carefully endeavours to make it so. 1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) II. 85 The Lord-Mayor and Aldermen of London have a Right Presidial in Southwark, and hold frequent Courts at St. Mary-hill in the Borough. 1850 Times 6 July 6/3 Austria..has taken advantage of its presidial rights and recommended the project to the consideration of the representatives of the federal states. 1891 Harper's Mag. Jan. 215/1 Watching the scene with a suave, presidial gaze, as if he were the patron of the ball. 1918 C. G. Robertson Bismarck v. 285 Bismarck persuaded the King of Bavaria to write to the King of Prussia, inviting him..to take the Imperial Crown and exercise as Emperor his Praesidial rights in the Confederation. 1997 Swiss Rev. World Affairs (Nexis) 3 Nov. Latin America's presidial systems lack checks and balances; legislative and judicial branches are subordinate to the executive, in fact if not on paper. †3. Of a Roman province: under a governor (Latin praeses). Also in extended use. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > territory under a governor or official > [adjective] > Roman province under types of governor proconsular1610 presidiala1654 proconsulary1728 senatorial1841 senatorian1842 a1654 J. Selden England's Epinomis (1683) ii. 6 A good part of the Isle conquered, and into a presidial Province reduced. 1731 A. Bower Historia Litteraria 2 59 The Consulares, Correctores, and Præsides had the Government of one single Province, which from the quality of its Governour was called Consular, Correctorial, or Presidial. 1734 A. Young Idolatrous Corrupt. II. 164 That Emperor [sc. Claudius]..reduc'd the Island to a præsidial Province, as appears from several antique Inscriptions exhibited by Mr. Selden. 1771 J. Macpherson Introd. Hist. Great Brit. & Ireland 264 They were succeeded in the presidial provinces by new levies of hardy and uncorrupted barbarians. B. n. = presidial court n. at sense A. 1. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > judicial body, assembly, or court > [noun] > courts in France Court of Aids1523 parliament1560 presidial1576 presidial court1576 presidial seat1611 1576 A. Golding tr. Edict Frenche Kinge 22 Matters Ciuill pertaining to the Presidialles, shall haue effect too the recouerie of the Appellants right. 1615 E. Grimeston tr. P. d'Avity Estates 95 There are moreouer, some Presidials added since king Henrie the second, as the number of Councellors is augmented by the meanes of many edicts, for the creation of new offices. 1683 Apol. Protestants France ii. 15 He cites them before the Presidial of Nismes. 1756 T. Nugent Grand Tour IV. 6 Under these supreme courts, there are others for smaller matters, established in all the considerable towns of the kingdom, and distinguished by the name of presidials. 1790 Du Fresnoy's Addr. Nat. Assembly France 40 The French deprived of the invaluable advantage of being tried by juries, had in lieu of them, parliaments, presidials, [etc.] 1820 A. Ranken Hist. France VII. iii. ii. 339 There shall be..a presidial in the town of Rhodes. 1930 Marion (Ohio) Star 14 Oct. 6/6 Florimund de Beaune, whom Descartes placed in the first rank of mathematicians of his time, was leader of the presidial of Blois. 1987 Los Angeles Times (Nexis) 8 Feb. (Travel) 21/1 The cobbled Street of the Salamander..leveled off in front of the Presidial, the ancient seat of justice founded by Henry II in the mid-1500s. Derivatives preˈsidially adv. rare ΚΠ 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Presidialement, presidially; within presidiall Iurisdiction, or compasse. 1996 W. Doyle Venality vi. 189 Bailliages had been prepared to pay for promotion to this new [presidial] status, which then proved a pretext for creating more offices, since the quorum for judging ‘presidially’ was higher. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). presidialadj.² Brit. /prᵻˈsɪdɪəl/, U.S. /prəˈsɪdiəl/ Forms: 1500s–1600s presidiall, 1600s praesidiall, 1800s– presidial. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; modelled on an Italian lexical item. Etymons: Latin praesidium , -al suffix¹. Etymology: < classical Latin praesidium garrison (see presidy n.) + -al suffix¹, after Italian presidiale (1598; now rare). In sense 2 after presidio n. With sense 1 compare presidiary adj. †1. Of, relating to, or occupied by a garrison; fortified. Cf. presidiary adj. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > defended > garrisoned presidiate1543 presidial1598 presidiary1599 garrisoneda1657 society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [adjective] > garrison presidial1598 presidiary1599 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes 292/2 Presidiall, of a garrison. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. xxxix. 75 There are three Presidiall Castles in this Citie [sc. Naples]. 1652 J. Howell tr. A. Giraffi Exact Hist. Late Revol. Naples (new ed.) ii. 10 They plac'd presidiall forces of their own there. 2. Of or relating to a presidio. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [adjective] presidial1846 1846 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. June 433/1 These various points, secured by presidial companies, were connected together, and formed a complete system of colonization and defence. 1883 Cent. Mag. June 203 A second class of pueblos, called, in the legal phrase of California's later days, ‘Presidial Pueblos’, had originated in the settlement of the presidios. 1969 R. Durrenberger Calif. iii. 37 Monterey, the capital of California during much of the Spanish-Mexican period, was the largest and most important presidial town. 1997 C. Radding Wandering Peoples i. i. 40 Apache raiding in the sierra presented a serious problem to colonial settlers and presidial commanders. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.¹n.1576adj.²1598
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presidialadj.1n.

Derivatives

presidialadj.2

presidialadj.¹n.

presidialadj.²