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单词 presidiary
释义

presidiaryadj.n.

Forms: 1500s–1600s presidiarie, 1600s–1800s presidiary, .
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin praesidiārius.
Etymology: < classical Latin praesidiārius forming a guard or garrison, forming a reserve, also as noun, denoting a soldier serving in a garrison < praesidium defence, assistance, garrison (see presidy n.) + -ārius -ary suffix1. Compare Middle French presidiaire (1596 in an isolated attestation), Spanish presidiario (1619 or earlier), Italian presidiario (1550). Compare presidial adj.2
Obsolete.
A. adj.
Of, relating to, or serving as a garrison, garrisoning; having a garrison, fortified.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > defended > garrisoned
presidiate1543
presidial1598
presidiary1599
garrisoneda1657
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [adjective] > garrison
presidial1598
presidiary1599
1599 J. Hayward 1st Pt. Henrie IIII 57 But the Romane Conquerors kept not their presidiarie Souldiers in idle garrison.
1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 242 The number of soldiers in all the presidiarie places of Spaine is 8000.
1619 J. Dyke Counterpoison 4 A martiall and presidiary guarding of a mans selfe.
1645 J. Howell in Epistolae Ho-Elianae I. i. xxv. 48 Having nere upon fiftie presidiary walld Towns in their hands for caution, they have power to disturb France when they please.
1711 R. Molesworth tr. F. Hotman Franco-Gallia (1721) 23 Those Germans which were transplanted by the Emperor Frederick the IId, into..Naples and Sicily, and establish'd there as a presidiary Colony, were called Franks.
1757 J. H. Grose Voy. E.-Indies iv. 61 The presidiary force of the island [sc. Bombay].
1856 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire IV. xxxv. 197 Presidiary cohorts were stationed at every threatened point of attack.
1875 C. Merivale Gen. Hist. Rome lxxvii. 647 Britain had been nominally recovered, but the presidiary legions had been withdrawn.
B. n.
A member of a garrison, a guard. Also figurative.In quot. 1745: a reserve, a standby.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warrior > soldier > soldier with special duty > [noun] > guard
guard1412
presidiary1623
the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [noun] > something held in reserve
second string1643
presidiary1745
standby1782
fallback1860
back-up1952
1623 Bp. J. Hall Contempl. VII. O.T. xix. 486 Not one of those heauenly Presidiaries strucke a stroke for the Prophet.
1653 T. Urquhart Logopandecteision v. 4 The sordid and corrupt Commissaries, with the ravenous Neoptoleman Presidiaries, did grinde the faces of my poor men, and suck the very blood out of my estate.
1716 P. H. Stanhope in Visct. Mahon Hist. of Eng. (1853) I. vii. 229 God knows how far we may depend upon either of the auxiliary presidiaries, such is the stupidity and knavery of both those Courts.
1745 tr. L. J. M. Columella Of Husbandry iii. xvi Some cuttings must be planted as presidiaries [L. praesidii causa] for the regular vines.
1899 Sandusky (Ohio) Star 22 Feb. 3/3 The defenders of the Philippines in your command will attack the guard at Bilibid and liberate the prisoners and ‘presidiaries’, and having accomplished this they will be armed.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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adj.n.1599
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