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单词 prosodic
释义

prosodicadj.

Brit. /prə(ʊ)ˈsɒdɪk/, /prə(ʊ)ˈzɒdɪk/, U.S. /prəˈsɑdɪk/, /proʊˈsɑdɪk/, /prəˈzɑdɪk/, /proʊˈzɑdɪk/
Origin: Either (i) formed within English, by derivation; perhaps modelled on a French lexical item, or perhaps modelled on a Latin lexical item. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element; perhaps modelled on a French lexical item, or perhaps modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: prosody n.; Latin prosōdia , -ic suffix.
Etymology: < prosody n. or its etymon classical Latin prosōdia + -ic suffix, probably after French prosodique (1736; 1933 or earlier in linguistics), post-classical Latin prosodicus (1651 in a work title). Compare earlier prosodical adj.On Greek προσῳδικός see discussion at prosodiac adj.1
1. Of or relating to prosody (prosody n. 1); relating to or involving the theory and practice of versification.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > study of poetry > [adjective] > of or relating to prosody
prosodical1676
prosodic1764
prosodiacal1774
prosodial1775
prosodian1817
prosodiac1890
1764 T. H. Croker et al. Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. at Accent The syllables of our words are raised or sunk according to the prosodic or tonic accent.
1774 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry I. Diss. ii. p. cvi The strict..attention of these Latin poets to prosodic rules.
1860 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 11 378 Some prefer the pronunciation of men of letters, but in the present state of phonetic and prosodic knowledge..men of letters constitute the ignorant class.
1886 J. Eggeling in Encycl. Brit. XXI. 270/2 The normal instrumental ending â, preserved for prosodic reasons.
1906 G. Saintsbury Hist. Eng. Prosody I. Pref. 6 To make the book a history of prosodic study as well as of prosodic expression.
1992 T. Cable in C. Blank Lang. & Civilization I. 174 Lawman's Brut..lacks certain prosodic principles that were present in Old English poetry a century and a half earlier.
2. Phonology. Of, relating to, or designating suprasegmental phonological features such as stress, intonation, and pitch; (in later use also) of or relating to such features collectively (see prosody n. 3).In systemic grammar associated especially with the work of J. R. Firth (1890–1960) and his followers: cf. prosodic analysis n. (b) at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [adjective] > prosodic
prosodic1923
suprasegmental1941
plurisegmental1960
1923 E. Sapir in Int. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 2 137/1 Whether there is a prosodic difference (one of stress or pitch) between the two Athabaskan types does not appear from the evidence.
1934 M. Swadesh in Language 10 122 Prosodic features, often psychologically separable from the sounds in which they occur, do sometimes constitute mere differentiae of phonemes.
1940 Language 16 31 There are a number of vowel phonemes, each of which may be accompanied by either short quantity or long quantity, these being prosodic phonemes.
1949 J.R. Firth in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1948 128 For the purpose of distinguishing prosodic systems from phonematic systems, words will be my principal isolates.
1949 J. R. Firth in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1948 136 The prosodic diacritica included tone, voice quality, and other properties of the sonants.
1955 Bull. School Oriental & Afr. Stud. 17 134 The difference in theoretical basis between the prosodic approach and the phoneme theory is reflected firstly in the setting up of a total system to account for the phonetic material presented here, and secondly in the stating of that system not in relation to the syllable but to the word.
1968 J. Lyons Introd. Theoret. Linguistics iii. 131 By virtue of their occurrence in words of one prosodic class rather than another, they are realized phonetically in different ways.
1994 Appl. Linguistics 15 66 By selecting extracts on the basis of these prosodic features it was intended that the speaker's own decisions on the segmentation of the whole talk into topic-based sub-sections could be respected.

Compounds

prosodic analysis n. (a) analysis of speech, language, etc., in terms of prosody (prosody n.); an instance of this; (b) Phonology analysis of language based on patterns of stress, intonation, etc., in different contexts (in systemic grammar regarded as an essential foundation for the analysis of syntax and meaning).
ΚΠ
1916 Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. 31 p. xiii A study of the accentual rhythms of English prose based on a prosodic analysis of 2500 idiomatic phrases.
1939 Bull. School Oriental Stud. 9 1004 Unfortunately the earliest inscriptions..still await a satisfactory prosodic analysis. But in the Tol. El. it does appear that twin plosives do not lengthen the preceding syllable unless that syllable is the first of the foot.
1957 Proc. Univ. of Durham Philos. Soc. I. Ser. B (Arts) i. 3 The aim of prosodic analysis in phonology is..a phonological analysis in terms which account take [sic] not only of paradigmatic relations and contrasts, but also of the equally important syntagmatic relations and functions which are operative in speech.
1971 Archivum Linguisticum 2 68 The mainspring of prosodic analysis in phonology was the recognition of phonetic features whose domains extended beyond those of the (more practical) phoneme.
1992 ICAME Jrnl. Apr. 85 Two papers in this section deal with specific problems in the transcription and prosodic analysis of intonational features of natural spoken English.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1764
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