pronogradeadj.

Brit.

/ˈprəʊnə(ʊ)ɡreɪd/, U.S.

/ˈproʊnoʊˌɡreɪd/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with English elements. Etymons: Latin prōnus , -o- connective, -grade comb. form.

Etymology: < classical Latin prōnus prone adj. + -o- connective + -grade comb. form. Compare orthograde adj.

Zoology.

Of a primate: holding the body more or less horizontal; (of posture) not erect; quadrupedal. Contrasted with orthograde.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by locomotion > [adjective] > moving on all fours

pronograde1902

1902 A. Keith in Jrnl. Anat. & Physiol. 37 18 He [sc. the author] regards the primates as divided into two very distinct groups—those which carry the axis of the body in a horizontal position—the Pronograde Primates..; and those which carry the axis of the body in an upright position—the Orthograde Primates.

1947 Amer. Jrnl. Orthodontics & Oral Surg. 33 b145 The attachment of the cranium to the vertebral column has migrated forward in man as he has risen from the pronograde to the erect gait.

1971 F. S. Hulse Human Species (ed. 2) vii. 168 For moving or standing in a pronograde position, that is, on all fours, a somewhat tube-shaped pelvis is quite adequate.

1996 Nature 11 Jan. 157/2 The generalized platyrrhine/cercopithecid skeleton, adapted for pronograde postures, with a long and flexible spinal column.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pronograde
释义	pronogradeadj. Brit. /ˈprəʊnə(ʊ)ɡreɪd/, U.S. /ˈproʊnoʊˌɡreɪd/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with English elements. Etymons: Latin prōnus , -o- connective, -grade comb. form. Etymology: < classical Latin prōnus prone adj. + -o- connective + -grade comb. form. Compare orthograde adj. Zoology. Of a primate: holding the body more or less horizontal; (of posture) not erect; quadrupedal. Contrasted with orthograde. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by locomotion > [adjective] > moving on all fours pronograde1902 1902 A. Keith in Jrnl. Anat. & Physiol. 37 18 He [sc. the author] regards the primates as divided into two very distinct groups—those which carry the axis of the body in a horizontal position—the Pronograde Primates..; and those which carry the axis of the body in an upright position—the Orthograde Primates. 1947 Amer. Jrnl. Orthodontics & Oral Surg. 33 b145 The attachment of the cranium to the vertebral column has migrated forward in man as he has risen from the pronograde to the erect gait. 1971 F. S. Hulse Human Species (ed. 2) vii. 168 For moving or standing in a pronograde position, that is, on all fours, a somewhat tube-shaped pelvis is quite adequate. 1996 Nature 11 Jan. 157/2 The generalized platyrrhine/cercopithecid skeleton, adapted for pronograde postures, with a long and flexible spinal column. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1902
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