† prosperadj.

Forms: Middle English prospere, Middle English prospre; Scottish pre-1700 porsper (transmission error), pre-1700 prosper, pre-1700 prospir, pre-1700 prospire, pre-1700 prospre.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prospre, prospere; Latin prosper.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman prospre prosperous (12th cent.), propitious (13th cent.), Anglo-Norman and Middle French prospere (French prospère) prosperous (c1355), propitious (c1460) and their etymon classical Latin prosper, prosperus favourable, successful, prosperous, of uncertain origin (the second element may derive < the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit sphira- (of the belly) fat, Old Church Slavonic sporŭ rich, abundant). Compare Catalan pròsper (14th cent.), Spanish próspero (c1300), Portuguese próspero (15th cent.), Italian prospero (13th cent.).

Obsolete.

Prosperous or successful.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > [adjective]

i-selic888

wealyc893

blaed-fastOE

i-sundfulc1000

full-thrivenc1175

well-donea1200

wealfulc1230

i-selec1275

neotsumc1275

prosperc1350

wealsomea1382

well begonea1393

prosperable?c1422

thriftyc1440

prosperousc1450

quartful?c1475

wealthyc1480

wella1500

prospering1587

felicious1599

thriving1607

felicitous1641

prospered1651

well-faring1712

well-doing1800

made-up1956

the world > action or operation > prosperity > [adjective] > conducive to prosperity

prosperousc1425

prosper1513

prosperable1611

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) lxvii. 21 (MED) Ich daie þe Lord..shal maky vs prospre waye [v.r. a gode way; L. prosperum iter].

?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. pr. iv. 63 How ofte have I resisted and withstonden thilke man that highte Conigaste, that made alwey assawtes ayens the prospere [v.r. propre] fortunes of pore feble folk!

1499 Contempl. Synners (de Worde) sig. Pii^v We shall kepe temperaunce In prosper state and eke aduersyte.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. xiv. 88 The pepill Tuscane..Seand the exempill and prosper chans that tyd Of thar stowt duke.

a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece Hist. Scotl. (Mar Lodge) f. 620^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) The nobillis..dissimuling that all was prospire and peciable.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

prosperv.

Brit.

/ˈprɒspə/, U.S.

/ˈprɑspər/

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prosperer; Latin prosperāre.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French prosperer (French prospérer) to make prosperous, to foster (c1350), to be prosperous, to be successful (c1355) and its etymon classical Latin prosperāre to cause to succeed, to be propitious or favourable, in post-classical Latin also to propitiate, make propitious (5th cent.), (deponent) to prosper, flourish (Vetus Latina, Vulgate) < prosper prosper adj. Compare Old Occitan prosperar (15th cent.), Catalan prosperar (14th cent.), Spanish prosperar (14th cent.), Portuguese prosperar (15th cent.), Italian prosperare (c1336).

a. intransitive. Of a person, community, etc.: to be prosperous, fortunate, or successful; to flourish, thrive, succeed, do well.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)]

theec888

i-thee971

bloomc1175

flower?c1225

soundfula1300

fructifya1325

timea1325

to bear the bloom1330

flourisha1340

prosperc1350

thrive?a1366

blossom1377

cheve1377

burgeona1382

likec1400

upthrivec1440

avail1523

fadge1573

to bear a great, high or lofty sail1587

blow1610

to be (also stand) in state1638

fatten1638

sagaciate1832

to be going strong1855

c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xxxvi. 7 (MED) Ne wil þou nouȝt folwen in him þat prosperet in his waie.

a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 149 (heading) (MED) How the romaynes prospered whiles thai hade a grete counsell.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Eiii^v They went hole togyther and prospered ryght wel in their iourney.

1577 R. Stanyhurst Hist. Irelande iii. 90/2 in R. Holinshed Chron. I Diuerse other secrete vnderminers, who wrought so cunningly vnder the thumbe..as if Kyldare had prospered,..theyr malice would not haue bene in manner suspected.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxiii. 202 Why wicked men have often prospered in this world.

1702 D. Defoe Reformation of Manners i. 15 Tell us why he..Unreins no Vengeance, lets no Thunders fly, When Villains prosper.

1786 Scotch Paraphr. vii. iii Who, that tries th' unequal strife Shall prosper in the end?

1814 W. Scott Waverley II. xvii. 256 Did I not say we should prosper, and that you would fall into the hands of the Philistines if you parted from us?

1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 3 Enoch..so prosper'd that at last A luckier or a bolder fisherman..did not breathe.

1884 J. Ruskin Pleasures of Eng. 75 No false knight or lying priest ever prospered, I believe, in any age.

1937 R. Flannagan County Court 188 She had held on to her late husband's chain of stave-mills and had prospered.

1997 New Internationalist May 23/2 His is the ideology of those who have prospered, the upwardly mobile, the high achievers.

b. intransitive. Of a thing: to flourish or succeed; (occasionally also) to turn out in a specified way, as ill, well, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of things

prosper1434

flourish1571

thrive1613

boom1871

to catch on1885

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)]

speedc1175

fayc1300

provec1300

flourishc1400

passc1425

prosper1434

succeedc1450

to take placea1464

to come well to (our) pass1481

shift?1533

hitc1540

walka1556

fadge1573

thrive1587

work1599

to come (good) speedc1600

to go off1608

sort1613

go1699

answer1721

to get along1768

to turn up trumps1785

to come off1854

pan1865

scour1871

arrive1889

to work out1899

to ring the bell1900

to go over1907

click1916

happen1949

1434 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) IV. 223 (MED) Al þyng þere prospered for you tyl þe tyme of þe seige of Orleance.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 276 His realme sall nocht prosper but..grete pestilencis.

1530 Injunctions J. Longland in Archaeologia (1882) 47 51 We will the said religion to prospere according unto the foundacion of the house.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms i. 3 What soeuer he doth, it shal prospere.

c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 12 And sho dieing, the work of Reformation prospered.

1663 K. Philips tr. P. Corneille Pompey v. iv. 76 Should all my Endeavours prosper ill, what I can not do, Cleopatra will.

a1720 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) II. vii. 11 If such doings as this ever prosper.

1774 J. Woolman Jrnl. (1971) v. 83 They were made a blessing to the church, and the work prospered.

1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. v. 104 Such half and half doings never prosper .

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 122 Well did all things prosper in his hand.

1934 D. Thomas 18 Poems 27 The body prospered, teeth in the marrowed gums.

1995 Guardian 28 Aug. ii. 2/4 As the couple's relationship has prospered, the ratpack has left them pretty much alone.

c. intransitive. Of a plant: to thrive or flourish.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by good growth > grow well or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > grow well or flourish

growc725

thrivec1175

flourish1303

provec1330

encrec1420

delighta1475

prosper1535

addle1570

fortify1605

ramp1607

luxuriate1621

succeed1812

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezek. xvii. f. lxi^v Shal this vyne prospere? shal not his rotes be pluckte out, his frute broken of, his grene braunches wythereed and fade awaye?

1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Mij^v There were also vynes..planted in this Ilande, where they prosper.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xxxi. 295 Cherries, both wilde and tame have not prospered well at the Indies.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 80 Where such Plants grow and prosper.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Phaseolus In the West-Indies it [sc. the pigeon-pea]..will thrive on barren Land which has been worn out, where scarcely any thing else will prosper.

1789 J. Abercrombie Compl. Kitchen Gardener 129 They are hardy plants, that will prosper almost any where in lightish ground.

1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion vi. 279 Ye shall have Clear Images..Of Nature's unambitious underwood, And flowers that prosper in the shade.

1880 R. L. Stevenson Pavilion on Links in Cornhill Mag. Sept. It was..surrounded by a patch of garden in which nothing had prospered but a few coarse flowers.

1946 D. C. Peattie Road of Naturalist (U.K. ed.) iii. 34 Nature out of her vast variety has provided forms that prosper even there [i.e. in Death Valley].

1991 Jrnl. Southern Afr. Stud. 17 500 Enes..noted that coffee, vanilla, quinine, tea, cotton, tobacco, rubber..and especially sugar, were among the many things that could prosper.

2. transitive. To cause to flourish; to promote the prosperity or success of; to be propitious to. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > cause to prosper or flourish [verb (transitive)]

thrivea1400

prospera1525

felicitate1638

a1525 Bk. Chess 131 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I Or he wald se the foull lyf vicious Prosper incres without correctioun..He tuk out baith his eyne.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 668/1 I beseche Jhesu prospere you in all your busynesses.

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 61 b God..cherrisht and prosperd them with all the blessings hee could.

1642 Declar. Lords & Com., Ordinance 13 Apr. 3 For prospering the common cause.

1688 Bp. Thomas in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) I. 332 I pray God direct and prosper his steerage of the Church of England in these tempestuous times.

1736 J. Wesley Let. 20 Jan. (1931) I. 193 Your prayers have not been in vain, for God hath greatly prospered us ever since we set out from London.

1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IV. xiii. 108 Heaven prosper the manufactures of paper under this propitious reign.

1806 in J. Thirsk & J. Imray Suffolk Farming 19th Cent. (1958) 114 The Lord haveing prospered my endavours [sic] and blessed the work of my [h]and and increased my worldly substance beyond my utmost expectations.

1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xxiii If Heaven prospered them, they might seize a Spanish ship.

1885 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. I. xvii. 163 Allah hath blessed it and prospered it to me with increase.

1943 H. L. Mencken Diary 14 June (1989) 256 The wet Spring has greatly prospered the lawns of Princeton, and the whole place looks peaceful and restful.

1984 Times 3 Oct. 1/2 Elections to the national executive committee..can prosper or cripple a leader.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prosper
释义	† prosperadj. Forms: Middle English prospere, Middle English prospre; Scottish pre-1700 porsper (transmission error), pre-1700 prosper, pre-1700 prospir, pre-1700 prospire, pre-1700 prospre. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prospre, prospere; Latin prosper. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman prospre prosperous (12th cent.), propitious (13th cent.), Anglo-Norman and Middle French prospere (French prospère) prosperous (c1355), propitious (c1460) and their etymon classical Latin prosper, prosperus favourable, successful, prosperous, of uncertain origin (the second element may derive < the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit sphira- (of the belly) fat, Old Church Slavonic sporŭ rich, abundant). Compare Catalan pròsper (14th cent.), Spanish próspero (c1300), Portuguese próspero (15th cent.), Italian prospero (13th cent.). Obsolete. Prosperous or successful. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > [adjective] i-selic888 wealyc893 blaed-fastOE i-sundfulc1000 full-thrivenc1175 well-donea1200 wealfulc1230 i-selec1275 neotsumc1275 prosperc1350 wealsomea1382 well begonea1393 prosperable?c1422 thriftyc1440 prosperousc1450 quartful?c1475 wealthyc1480 wella1500 prospering1587 felicious1599 thriving1607 felicitous1641 prospered1651 well-faring1712 well-doing1800 made-up1956 the world > action or operation > prosperity > [adjective] > conducive to prosperity prosperousc1425 prosper1513 prosperable1611 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) lxvii. 21 (MED) Ich daie þe Lord..shal maky vs prospre waye [v.r. a gode way; L. prosperum iter]. ?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. pr. iv. 63 How ofte have I resisted and withstonden thilke man that highte Conigaste, that made alwey assawtes ayens the prospere [v.r. propre] fortunes of pore feble folk! 1499 Contempl. Synners (de Worde) sig. Pii^v We shall kepe temperaunce In prosper state and eke aduersyte. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xi. xiv. 88 The pepill Tuscane..Seand the exempill and prosper chans that tyd Of thar stowt duke. a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece Hist. Scotl. (Mar Lodge) f. 620^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (at cited word) The nobillis..dissimuling that all was prospire and peciable. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2021). prosperv. Brit. /ˈprɒspə/, U.S. /ˈprɑspər/ Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French prosperer; Latin prosperāre. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French prosperer (French prospérer) to make prosperous, to foster (c1350), to be prosperous, to be successful (c1355) and its etymon classical Latin prosperāre to cause to succeed, to be propitious or favourable, in post-classical Latin also to propitiate, make propitious (5th cent.), (deponent) to prosper, flourish (Vetus Latina, Vulgate) < prosper prosper adj. Compare Old Occitan prosperar (15th cent.), Catalan prosperar (14th cent.), Spanish prosperar (14th cent.), Portuguese prosperar (15th cent.), Italian prosperare (c1336). 1. a. intransitive. Of a person, community, etc.: to be prosperous, fortunate, or successful; to flourish, thrive, succeed, do well. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] theec888 i-thee971 bloomc1175 flower?c1225 soundfula1300 fructifya1325 timea1325 to bear the bloom1330 flourisha1340 prosperc1350 thrive?a1366 blossom1377 cheve1377 burgeona1382 likec1400 upthrivec1440 avail1523 fadge1573 to bear a great, high or lofty sail1587 blow1610 to be (also stand) in state1638 fatten1638 sagaciate1832 to be going strong1855 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xxxvi. 7 (MED) Ne wil þou nouȝt folwen in him þat prosperet in his waie. a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 149 (heading) (MED) How the romaynes prospered whiles thai hade a grete counsell. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Eiii^v They went hole togyther and prospered ryght wel in their iourney. 1577 R. Stanyhurst Hist. Irelande iii. 90/2 in R. Holinshed Chron. I Diuerse other secrete vnderminers, who wrought so cunningly vnder the thumbe..as if Kyldare had prospered,..theyr malice would not haue bene in manner suspected. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iii. xxxiii. 202 Why wicked men have often prospered in this world. 1702 D. Defoe Reformation of Manners i. 15 Tell us why he..Unreins no Vengeance, lets no Thunders fly, When Villains prosper. 1786 Scotch Paraphr. vii. iii Who, that tries th' unequal strife Shall prosper in the end? 1814 W. Scott Waverley II. xvii. 256 Did I not say we should prosper, and that you would fall into the hands of the Philistines if you parted from us? View more context for this quotation 1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 3 Enoch..so prosper'd that at last A luckier or a bolder fisherman..did not breathe. 1884 J. Ruskin Pleasures of Eng. 75 No false knight or lying priest ever prospered, I believe, in any age. 1937 R. Flannagan County Court 188 She had held on to her late husband's chain of stave-mills and had prospered. 1997 New Internationalist May 23/2 His is the ideology of those who have prospered, the upwardly mobile, the high achievers. b. intransitive. Of a thing: to flourish or succeed; (occasionally also) to turn out in a specified way, as ill, well, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of things prosper1434 flourish1571 thrive1613 boom1871 to catch on1885 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)] speedc1175 fayc1300 provec1300 flourishc1400 passc1425 prosper1434 succeedc1450 to take placea1464 to come well to (our) pass1481 shift?1533 hitc1540 walka1556 fadge1573 thrive1587 work1599 to come (good) speedc1600 to go off1608 sort1613 go1699 answer1721 to get along1768 to turn up trumps1785 to come off1854 pan1865 scour1871 arrive1889 to work out1899 to ring the bell1900 to go over1907 click1916 happen1949 1434 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) IV. 223 (MED) Al þyng þere prospered for you tyl þe tyme of þe seige of Orleance. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 276 His realme sall nocht prosper but..grete pestilencis. 1530 Injunctions J. Longland in Archaeologia (1882) 47 51 We will the said religion to prospere according unto the foundacion of the house. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms i. 3 What soeuer he doth, it shal prospere. c1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 12 And sho dieing, the work of Reformation prospered. 1663 K. Philips tr. P. Corneille Pompey v. iv. 76 Should all my Endeavours prosper ill, what I can not do, Cleopatra will. a1720 W. Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) II. vii. 11 If such doings as this ever prosper. 1774 J. Woolman Jrnl. (1971) v. 83 They were made a blessing to the church, and the work prospered. 1814 J. Austen Mansfield Park I. v. 104 Such half and half doings never prosper . View more context for this quotation 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 122 Well did all things prosper in his hand. 1934 D. Thomas 18 Poems 27 The body prospered, teeth in the marrowed gums. 1995 Guardian 28 Aug. ii. 2/4 As the couple's relationship has prospered, the ratpack has left them pretty much alone. c. intransitive. Of a plant: to thrive or flourish. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by good growth > grow well or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > grow well or flourish growc725 thrivec1175 flourish1303 provec1330 encrec1420 delighta1475 prosper1535 addle1570 fortify1605 ramp1607 luxuriate1621 succeed1812 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezek. xvii. f. lxi^v Shal this vyne prospere? shal not his rotes be pluckte out, his frute broken of, his grene braunches wythereed and fade awaye? 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Mij^v There were also vynes..planted in this Ilande, where they prosper. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iv. xxxi. 295 Cherries, both wilde and tame have not prospered well at the Indies. a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 80 Where such Plants grow and prosper. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Phaseolus In the West-Indies it [sc. the pigeon-pea]..will thrive on barren Land which has been worn out, where scarcely any thing else will prosper. 1789 J. Abercrombie Compl. Kitchen Gardener 129 They are hardy plants, that will prosper almost any where in lightish ground. 1814 W. Wordsworth Excursion vi. 279 Ye shall have Clear Images..Of Nature's unambitious underwood, And flowers that prosper in the shade. View more context for this quotation 1880 R. L. Stevenson Pavilion on Links in Cornhill Mag. Sept. It was..surrounded by a patch of garden in which nothing had prospered but a few coarse flowers. 1946 D. C. Peattie Road of Naturalist (U.K. ed.) iii. 34 Nature out of her vast variety has provided forms that prosper even there [i.e. in Death Valley]. 1991 Jrnl. Southern Afr. Stud. 17 500 Enes..noted that coffee, vanilla, quinine, tea, cotton, tobacco, rubber..and especially sugar, were among the many things that could prosper. 2. transitive. To cause to flourish; to promote the prosperity or success of; to be propitious to. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > cause to prosper or flourish [verb (transitive)] thrivea1400 prospera1525 felicitate1638 a1525 Bk. Chess 131 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I Or he wald se the foull lyf vicious Prosper incres without correctioun..He tuk out baith his eyne. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 668/1 I beseche Jhesu prospere you in all your busynesses. 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares 61 b God..cherrisht and prosperd them with all the blessings hee could. 1642 Declar. Lords & Com., Ordinance 13 Apr. 3 For prospering the common cause. 1688 Bp. Thomas in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) I. 332 I pray God direct and prosper his steerage of the Church of England in these tempestuous times. 1736 J. Wesley Let. 20 Jan. (1931) I. 193 Your prayers have not been in vain, for God hath greatly prospered us ever since we set out from London. 1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy IV. xiii. 108 Heaven prosper the manufactures of paper under this propitious reign. 1806 in J. Thirsk & J. Imray Suffolk Farming 19th Cent. (1958) 114 The Lord haveing prospered my endavours [sic] and blessed the work of my [h]and and increased my worldly substance beyond my utmost expectations. 1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xxiii If Heaven prospered them, they might seize a Spanish ship. 1885 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. I. xvii. 163 Allah hath blessed it and prospered it to me with increase. 1943 H. L. Mencken Diary 14 June (1989) 256 The wet Spring has greatly prospered the lawns of Princeton, and the whole place looks peaceful and restful. 1984 Times 3 Oct. 1/2 Elections to the national executive committee..can prosper or cripple a leader. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.c1350v.c1350
随便看	mayorship mayorships mayortown mayory mayos maypole maypole dance maypole dancer maypole dancing maypole green maypole-like maypolelike maypoles maypop maypops mayroll mays maysele mayst maystrial maythe maythes maythorn maytide maytime