protestn.
/ˈprəʊtɛst/, U.S. /ˈproʊˌtɛst/ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [noun] > an assertion, affirmation, or positive declaration
protestationc1390
affirmationa1425
affirmativec1450
edipolc1450
protestc1460
assertion1531
asseveration1551
narration1554
asseverance1574
protesting1582
pol1600
vouch1610
vouchee1625
averment1659
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn 3905 (MED) And in protest opynly, here a-mong ȝewe all, Halff my good..I graunt it here to Geffrey.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 251 Sweare me..A good mouthfilling oath, and leaue in sooth, And such protest of pepper ginger bread To veluet gards, and Sunday Citizens. View more context for this quotation
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 17 They would cousen..their Neighbours with Protests of good Usage.
1694 N. H. Ladies Dict. 332 We might enumerate the Protests of all the Moralists against this Passion.
1876 J. B. Mozley Serm. preached Univ. of Oxf. i. 22 A statement or protest is, compared with the reality, a poor thing.
2. The action taken to fix liability for the payment of a bill of exchange, or other negotiable instrument, which has been dishonoured; spec. a formal declaration in writing, typically by a notary public, that an instrument has been duly presented and payment or acceptance refused.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > use of bills of exchange > state of being due for payment > refusal to pay > protest
protest1479
1479 R. Cely Let. 9 Dec. in Cely Lett. (1975) 69 I schawll have v li. for the prodest and aull hother costys.
1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 399 The Notarie may..leaue afterwardes the copie of the Protest with some of the house, or throw the same within doores, and keepe a note of it against the next time.
1682 J. Scarlett Stile of Exchanges 71 If a Bill be presented for Acceptance, and the Acceptant refuse absolutely to accept it, then the Possessor of the Bill is obliged instantly without delay to make Protest for Non-Acceptance.
1698 Act 9 & 10 Will. III c. 17 Which Protest..shall within Fourteen Days after making thereof, be sent, or otherwise due Notice shall be given thereof, to the Party from whom the said Bill or Bills were received.
1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World ii. 23 I..gave the Protest to Capt. Clipperton in the South-Seas.
1796 T. Jefferson Let. 24 Apr. in Writings (1984) 1036 I have now the pleasure to inform you that Dohrman has settled his account with you, has allowed the New York damage of 20. per cent for the protest.
1816 P. Dow Appeals Ho. Lords III. 224 This bill was not paid by the acceptors; and a protest was taken, and charge given, to the acceptors and indorsers.
1882 Act 45 & 46 Vict. c. 61 §51 (7) A protest must contain a copy of the bill, and be signed by the notary making it.
1928 Jrnl. Compar. Legislation & Internat. Law 10 244 Protest is a general measure in France. It is required both for non-acceptance and non-payment, for inland and foreign bills.
1996 G. Miller Legal & Econ. Basis Internat. Trade vii. 187 Where the accepter of a bill becomes bankrupt or insolvent or suspends payment before it matures, the holder may cause a protest.
3. A written declaration made by the master of a ship, attested by a justice of the peace or a consul, stating any circumstances under which officers or crew have incurred liability or the ship or cargo has suffered damage. Now historical.Cf. ship's protest n. at ship n.1 Compounds 3a.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal document > types of legal or official document > [noun] > declaration relating to maritime liability
protest1622
ship's protest1846
1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo iii. vii. 402 Whereas the master of the ship will make a Protest against you, if his lading be not readie at the day appointed or agreed vpon, so is it reasonable, that you make the like Protest against the partie that sold you the commoditie to be deliuered at such a day.
1742 Decisions Court of Session Jan. 1724 6 Demurrage was therefore due without a Protest, especially when..it was moderate, and did not exceed the true Expence of Tear and Wear upon the Ship.
1755 N. Magens Ess. Insurances I. 87 The Insurers ask for the Protest; which is a Declaration upon Oath, usually made by the Master, and some of his People, before a Justice, Notary or Consul, at any Place where they first arrive.
1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon 552/1 Protest,..a writing attested by a justice of the peace or consul, drawn by a master of a vessel.., and showing that the damage was not occasioned by his misconduct or neglect.
1856 E. B. Kelly Autobiogr. viii. 64 I went again to the consul and requested him to overhaul the books till 1797, and see my name in a protest lodged there concerning a damaged vehicle.
1975 Econ. Hist. Rev. New Ser. 28 529 In the fifth volume [of the Notarial Protest Books], covering the years 1831-40, the ‘protests’ are entered on printed forms.
4.
a. Originally: a formal declaration of disapproval or dissent; a remonstrance, a complaint. In later use more generally: any action, act, or statement expressing (emphatic) objection to or dissent from something.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > [noun] > a protest
gaincalla1300
reclaim1440
remonstrance?1566
counterblast1567
testimony1582
deprecation1626
protestation1638
regret1642
protest1644
representation1659
crusade1786
1644 R. Boothby True Declar. Intollerable Wrongs 32 I bethought my selfe how to provoke the India Court to commence suit in Law against me,..and that was by publishing a Protest against the Governour and whole Court.
1650 J. Howell Epistolae Ho-elianae II. 5 Both of you might have just grounds to exhibite a Bill of Complaint, or rather, a Protest, against me.
1751 Parl. Hist. Eng. I. 38 This Answer of the Barons to the King [in 1242]..being in the Nature of a Protest, is the First of that Kind we meet with in History.
1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V III. x. 221 Protests and counter protests were taken.
1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward Introd. p. l Against this various reading of a well-known passage in Shakspeare I took care to offer no protest.
1877 Spirit of Times 15 Dec. 521/2 At the termination of the fourth heat in the race a protest was made, alleging the dun gelding G.T. Pilot to be ineligible.
1879 Herald & Torch Light (Hagerstown, Maryland) 22 Oct. My soul cries out in protest against the favoritisms of fame.
1918 A. G. Gardiner Leaves in Wind 8 You can open the window or shut it without provoking a protest.
1949 D. Sinclair Secret Riders Farm vii. 73 Grant lifted a hand in protest, ‘Save it for Tubby,’ he said grinning.
2000 Sunday Times 23 July (Sports section) 16/5 In the face of vociferous Villa protests the Danish referee bravely overruled a flagging linesman.
b. A written statement of dissent from any motion carried in the House of Lords, recorded and signed by any peer of the minority. Cf. earlier protestation n. 4.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun] > expression or statement of dissent
Not content1621
protestation1624
protest1712
1712 (title) The protest of the L[ord]s, upon a[ddressing] Her M[ajesty] for Her sp[eech]: with the names of the L[or]ds.
1721 Jrnls. Ho. Lords 21 695/2 Ordered, That on Thursday next, this House will take into Consideration the Nature of Protests, and the Manner of entering them.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. ii. 168 Each peer has also a right.., when a vote passes contrary to his sentiments, to enter his dissent on the journals of the house, with the reasons of such dissent; which is usually stiled his protest.
1854 T. B. Macaulay Biogr. (1867) 16 Some of the most remarkable protests which appear in the journals of the peers were drawn up by him [sc. Atterbury].
1875 Rogers Compl. Coll. Protests Lds. 1624–1874 Pref. 15 The first protest with reasons entered in the Journals of the Irish House of Lords was in 1695,..the practice was plainly borrowed from English procedure.
1910 W. Smart Econ. Ann. Nineteenth Cent. xxiv. 453 The Protest was drawn up by Grenville, who had seldom swerved from what was even then considered the ‘economist's doctrine’ of Free Trade.
2005 Compan. Standing Orders & Guide to Proc. House of Lords (Electronic ed.) v 5.26 Any Member has the right to record a protest against any decision of the House.
c. The expression of social, political, or cultural dissent from a policy or course of action, typically by means of a public demonstration; (also) an instance of this, a protest march, a public demonstration. Frequently attributive.Recorded earliest in protest meeting n. at Compounds 1a.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest
protest1852
1852 G. C. Mundy Our Antipodes III. iv. 128 The protest meetings occurred on the 11th and 18th.
1873 Times 4 Aug. 9/6 He was not foolish enough to imagine that this petition or this meeting of protest would have any effect on the vote.
1897 Amer. Statist. Assoc. 5 308 When that standard [of living] is far from being reached there is always a social protest.
1929 O. A. Marti Econ. Causes Reformation in Eng. ii. 73 Popular protest and revolt against papal finance..found final expression in the political revolt of 1258.
1956 A. H. Compton Atomic Quest 122 His Nazi-trained students staged a protest.
1967 Listener 8 June 752/3 Mr Woodcock..traces the development of protest from the first tramps of Down and Out in Paris and London to the final achievement of Big Brother.
1986 B. Geldof Is that It? iv. 45 I'd become involved earlier with protest politics.
2005 T. Hall Salaam Brick Lane vii. 161 They had taken part in..a protest outside the Indian embassy against alleged human rights abuses in Kashmir.
d. In Adlerian psychology: a personal, often unconscious, dissent or attempted dissociation from one's self or circumstances due to feelings of inferiority. Chiefly in masculine protest n. at masculine adj. and n. Compounds 2. Cf. protest mechanism n. at Compounds 1c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > theories of Adler > [noun] > dissociation
protest1917
1917 B. Glueck & J. E. Lind tr. A. Adler Neurotic Constit. 100 The dynamics of the neurosis can therefore be regarded (and is often so understood by the neurotic because of its irradiation upon his psyche) as if the patient wished to change from a woman to a man. This effect yields in its most highly colored form the picture of that which I have called the ‘masculine protest’ [Ger. männlichen Protest].
1928 P. Mairet ABC of Adler's Psychol. iv. 74 The movements of feminism..too often betray a note of protest.
1939 H. Orgler Alfred Adler v. 128 The second little theft was carried out as a protest against his being released on parole.
2001 A. P. Motz Psychol. Female Violence (2002) ii. v. 176 Susan Bordo describes the gesture of protest which such violence [sc. self-harm] constitutes.
Phrases
under protest: under the terms of a protest; with the assertion of a (usually specified) reservation or stipulation; on condition that; (in later use also in weakened sense) with reluctance; unwillingly. Cf. under protestation at protestation n. Phrases 1.
ΚΠ
1656 W. Sanderson Compl. Hist. Mary & James VI 204 To purge themselves of the Tumult by oath before the Council..[they promise] to submit, as his Majesty shall ordain; under protest that they take not upon them the crime of the Tumult.
1745 Answer Petition John Duncan 4 He should have paid under Protest, or taken some such other Method, to shew that he was paying through Necessity, but not voluntarily.
1764 W. Stevenson Full & Pract. Treatm. Bills of Exchange 139 When one upon whom a bill is drawn will not accept, agreeable to the terms of the bill, his safest way is, first to allow it to be protested for non-acceptance in its precise terms, and then he may accept under protest, adding what limitations or restrictions he pleases.
1822 J. Haggard Rep. Consistory Court 1 5 The husband appeared under protest, and prayed to be dismissed on the ground [etc.].
1861 O. W. Holmes Elsie Venner ix. 171 It is always under protest that the hired man does his duty.
1885 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 14 876 The meaning of paying under protest necessarily is that the party paying the money does not pay it by way of rightful payment, but claims it still as his money in the hands of the person to whom it is paid.
1926 H. G. Moulton & L. Pasvolsky World War Debt Settlem. ii. 13 Germany accepted the ultimatum, though under protest that she could not possibly carry out its provisions.
1986 D. Potter Singing Detective ii. 51 I'm here under protest. This is tantamount to a kidnap.
1992 Holiday Which? Sept. 186/2 Your letter to the operator should accept the change under protest and reserving your rights to claim additional compensation beyond that set out in the brochure.
Compounds
C1.
a. Demonstrating or representing a protest against a specific action or proceeding.
protest banner n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > banner
protest banner1969
1969 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 29 Apr. 39/1 They've got a different kind of protest banner on the Berkeley scene.
1976 Milton Keynes Express 18 June 3/3 Their threat to swamp the area with protest banners had been lifted at the last minute.
2005 Derby Evening Telegraph (Nexis) 31 Dec. 3 A protest banner was also hung from a bridge over Chalons Way.
protest camp n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > camp
protest camp1939
1939 Edwardsville (Illinois) Intelligencer 8 Apr. 8/4 Some of the demonstrators balked for a while at Mayor Arthur Langlle's orders to evacuate the protest camp.
1968 ‘O. Mills’ Sundry Fell Designs i. 9 This..must be her eleventh protest camp, not counting non-overnight demonstrations in Trafalgar Square.
1997 Independent 1 Feb. i. 20/4 Yet the protest camp was illegal: the Under Sheriff of Devon has had court orders to evict the trespassers.
protest group n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > [noun] > group associated for common purpose
covinc1330
lyancec1380
university?1473
army1540
band1557
union1603
coalescence1609
confederation1621
associationa1658
confederacy1681
federation1791
brigade1806
united front1807
class movement1839
company1839
paction1877
combine1889
protest movement1898
protest group1920
minority movement1923
we1926
power1966
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator > group
protest group1920
1920 D. Stevens Jailed for Freedom 40 Congressmen were alarmed by the prospect of women voting as a protest group.
1961 B. R. Wilson Sects & Society 1 The sect, as a protest group, has always developed its own distinctive ethic.
1993 R. Lowe & W. Shaw Travellers 121 There's about forty road schemes going through at the moment with protest groups opposing them.
protest meeting n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > meeting or assembling for common purpose > [noun] > a meeting > types of
morn-speechOE
court1154
morrow-speech1183
conventicle1382
congregation1389
plenary session1483
journeyc1500
night school1529
assession1560
general meeting1565
family meeting1638
panegyris1647
desk1691
collegea1703
annual general meeting1725
mass meeting1733
panegyre1757
plenum1772
family council1797
coterie1805
Round Table1830
GA1844
indignation meeting1848
protest meeting1852
hui1858
primary1859
Quaker meeting1861
mothers' meeting1865
sit-down1868
town hall1912
jamboree1919
protest rally1921
con1940
face-to-face1960
morning prayers1961
struggle meeting1966
be-in1967
love-in1967
plenary1969
catch-up1972
rencontre1975
schmoozefest1976
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > meeting
protest meeting1852
protest rally1921
1852Protest meeting [see sense 4c].
1854 Daily Free Democrat (Milwaukee, Wisconsin) 10 Feb. A large protest meeting was held in our city.
1939 L. MacNeice Autumn Jrnl. vii. 30 In the sodden park on Sunday protest Meetings assemble.
1965 S. T. Ollivier Petticoat Farm x. 137 The Richards brothers..called a protest meeting of all suppliers.
2006 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 30 Jan. 11 A recent protest meeting demonstrated the strength of local opposition.
protest movement n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > [noun] > group associated for common purpose
covinc1330
lyancec1380
university?1473
army1540
band1557
union1603
coalescence1609
confederation1621
associationa1658
confederacy1681
federation1791
brigade1806
united front1807
class movement1839
company1839
paction1877
combine1889
protest movement1898
protest group1920
minority movement1923
we1926
power1966
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > movement
protest movement1898
1898 Amer. Jrnl. Theol. 2 520 The first persons in Vienna to place themselves at the head of the protest movement were better adapted to embarrass than to advance it.
1909 Westm. Gaz. 5 Nov. 5/2 A protest movement is being organised in Belgium against the interference of England in the internal policy of Belgium.
1995 Our Times Aug.–Sept. 26/1 Leaders of protest movements were..banished from one city to the next, jailed and even deported.
protest rally n.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > meeting or assembling for common purpose > [noun] > a meeting > types of
morn-speechOE
court1154
morrow-speech1183
conventicle1382
congregation1389
plenary session1483
journeyc1500
night school1529
assession1560
general meeting1565
family meeting1638
panegyris1647
desk1691
collegea1703
annual general meeting1725
mass meeting1733
panegyre1757
plenum1772
family council1797
coterie1805
Round Table1830
GA1844
indignation meeting1848
protest meeting1852
hui1858
primary1859
Quaker meeting1861
mothers' meeting1865
sit-down1868
town hall1912
jamboree1919
protest rally1921
con1940
face-to-face1960
morning prayers1961
struggle meeting1966
be-in1967
love-in1967
plenary1969
catch-up1972
rencontre1975
schmoozefest1976
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > meeting
protest meeting1852
protest rally1921
1921 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 2 Jan. (heading) 2/2 S. F. dance hall girls will hold protest rally.
1960 Guardian 11 July 5/3 A protest rally was held in Trafalgar Square.
1992 Dogs Today (BNC) 6 The night before the protest rally Mr. Baker pulled back on the destruction order he'd originally announced.
protest resolution n.
ΚΠ
1843 Sandusky (Ohio) Clarion 30 Dec. The Ohio members voted on this question precisely as they did on the question of the protest resolution.
1949 Internat. Organization 3 183 On December 3, 1948, the IARA sent a protest resolution to United States Secretary of State George Marshall against the action of the Economic Cooperation Administration.
2006 BusinessWorld (Philippines) (Nexis) 18 Jan. s1/4 They'll make a lot of noises, file protest resolutions, file another impeachment case, [etc.].
protest strike n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > labour relations > [noun] > strike > protest strike
protest strike1912
1912 Fitchburg (Mass.) Daily Sentinel 1 Oct. 2/4 All shoe workers participating in yesterday's Ettor protest strike returned to work today.
1974 T. Allbeury Snowball xxii. 138 A million workers were due to vote on protest strikes.
1997 A. Crichton et al. Health Care iv. ix. 68 The Ontario doctors had staged a prolonged protest strike against the Ontario Health Care Accessibility Act.
b. Of or designating a literary or artistic medium which seeks to register or portray dissatisfaction with an event, movement, etc.
protest art n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > [noun] > protest art
protest art1966
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > music, art, or literature
protest literature1927
protest poetry1941
protest music1949
protest song1953
protest art1966
protest-singing1966
1966 Sunday Jrnl. & Star (Lincoln, Nebraska) 13 Mar. f19/1 A companion volume traces the development of protest art and abstractions from 1900 on.
1973 S. Henderson Understanding New Black Poetry 16 Not ‘protest’ art but essentially an art of liberating vision.
1991 Art in Amer. Apr. 71/1 There is Mingung, or ‘people's art’, a highly political and often rather unsophisticated protest art, which has only in recent years become publicly acceptable in Korea.
protest literature n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > [noun] > specific types of literature > protest
protest literature1927
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > music, art, or literature
protest literature1927
protest poetry1941
protest music1949
protest song1953
protest art1966
protest-singing1966
1927 E. Byron Amer. Race Probl. xii. 297 The major part of the historical writing of Negroes is properly to be classed with this body of personal and protest literature.
1960 Times Lit. Suppl. 5 Feb. 77/1 Mr. Klaus Roehler's stories..invite automatic comparison with other outcrops of post-war protest literature.
1998 M. D. Kubitschek Toni Morrison iii. 31 Protest literature has often focused on the necessity for a particular political change, an end to slavery.., for instance.
protest music n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > [noun] > other general types
country music1585
water musicc1660
concert music1776
eye music1812
ballet music1813
night music1832
absolute music1856
Tafelmusik1880
Ars Antiqua1886
Ars Nova1886
early music1886
tone poetry1890
mood music1922
Gebrauchsmusik1930
shake music1935
modernistic1938
industrial1942
spasm music1943
musica reservata1944
protest music1949
night music1950
palm court music1958
title music1960
bottleneck guitar1961
rinky-tink1962
Schrammel-musik1967
sweet music1967
chutney1968
roots music1969
electronica1980
multiphonics1983
chutney soca1987
chiptune1992
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > music, art, or literature
protest literature1927
protest poetry1941
protest music1949
protest song1953
protest art1966
protest-singing1966
1949 Musical Q. 35 140 The work is one of those born during the period of tyranny and dictatorship and is an example of what has been called ‘protest music’.
1969 Listener 5 June 806/1 Can he [sc. Bob Dylan] have forgotten entirely the horrors that gave such a fine edge to his protest music?
1994 Straight No Chaser Summer 63/1 BE have created protest music that appeals on a political and spiritual level.
protest poetry n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > music, art, or literature
protest literature1927
protest poetry1941
protest music1949
protest song1953
protest art1966
protest-singing1966
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [noun] > protest poetry
protest poetry1941
1941 S. A. Brown et al. Negro Caravan iii. 282 Negro poets have concentrated upon protest poetry more than upon poetry of interpretation and illumination.
1972 K. Ramchand & C. Gray West Indian Poetry 104 It would be misleading..to leave the impression that only protest poetry was being written by West Indians in the 1930s and 1940s.
1990 P. Lively Passing On (BNC) 177 ‘What kind of poetry do you write?’ ‘Protest poetry, mos'ly,’ said Phil in a business-like tone.
protest singer n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator > types of protester or demonstrator
counterprotester1863
hunger-marcher1908
peace marcher1918
sit-downer1936
sit-inner1936
protest marcher1947
sitter1960
freedom rider1961
sit-in1961
sitter-in1961
live-in1964
protest singer1966
society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > singer > singer of other types of music > [noun] > others
mourner1631
catcher1652
monodist1751
pennill singer1784
folk-singer1898
moaner1927
bluesman1930
calypsonian1934
torch singer1934
lieder-singer1936
torcher1940
country singer1953
protest singer1966
ragga1997
1966 Oshkosh (Wisconsin) Daily Northwestern 1 Dec. (heading) 18/8 French protest singer is coming to United States.
1992 Time Out 22 Apr. 16/1 It's easy to see why Tracy Chapman has been hailed a modern-day protest singer.
protest-singing n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > music, art, or literature
protest literature1927
protest poetry1941
protest music1949
protest song1953
protest art1966
protest-singing1966
society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > [noun] > singing of other music
operatics1845
folk-singing1907
lieder-singing1937
pop singing1945
torch singing1947
protest-singing1966
rapping1979
MC-ing1984
1966 Punch 19 Jan. 70/2 Anyone tired of protest singing must have been cheered to learn that a group in California..is rapidly climbing the charts with seventeenth-century songs.
1970 Western Folklore 29 176 In the United States, Methodism spawned many of the methods of protest singing used by left-wing social movements.
2005 Western (Bristol) Daily Press (Nexis) 15 Dec. 11 The present-day ranks of poets and musicians..have, tragically, buried the great tradition of protest singing.
protest song n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > music, art, or literature
protest literature1927
protest poetry1941
protest music1949
protest song1953
protest art1966
protest-singing1966
society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > other types of song
roundelaya1475
black sanctus?1533
pastorella1597
orgial1610
balow1613
comic song1718
hunting-song1727
vaudeville1739
apopemptic1753
melologue1820
Orphic1855
wren song1855
air de cour1878
Kunstlied1880
action song1883
come-all-you1887
marching song1894
party song1911
theme song1929
honky-tonker1950
protest song1953
sing-along1959
slow jam1961
talking blues1969
rap1979
1953 J. Greenway Amer. Folksong of Protest 3 Protest songs are unpleasant and disturbing.
1966 Punch 9 Feb. 208/2 The rise of the protest songs seems to be doing something for the audibility of lyrics.
1992 N.Y. Times 12 July ii. 1/4 The country-and-western singer Clint Holmes will offer a rendition of the 1960's protest song ‘Abraham, Martin and John’.
c. (In sense 4d.)
protest mechanism n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > theory of psychoanalysis > theories of Adler > [noun] > dissociation > mechanism of
protest mechanism1916
1916 P. Bjerre Hist. & Pract. Psychanal. iv. 144 This protest-mechanism opens up understanding for very many neurotic disturbances.
1945 A. Kardiner Psychol. Frontiers Soc. xii. 386 The pattern of wandering away from home is a protest mechanism, and is undoubtedly conventionalized in this part of the country.
1989 D. Keable Managem. Anxiety (1997) i. iv. 48 Bowlby posited that separation anxiety is an evolved protest mechanism.
C2.
protest button n. North American a badge or pin bearing a slogan of protest.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > button
protest button1966
1966 Daily Rev. (Hayward, Calif.) 19 June ii. 9/2 There should be a desistance of the wearing of protest buttons by certain teachers.
1972 Sat. Rev. (U.S.) 27 May 6/2 A large protest button, reading: ‘Memorial Day, 1969, 35,000 GI's dead in Vain. No More.’
1992 Playboy July 40/2 They were a mix of white men and women..and others in radically chic Afro-punk, their garments punctuated with protest buttons.
protest flag n. Sailing a flag flown by a racing yacht to indicate its intention of lodging a protest against another competitor's infringement of the rules.
ΚΠ
1890 N.Y. Times 27 Sept. 26/1 A protest flag was hoisted by the Spruce, and acknowledged on the flagship.
1934 Times 26 Sept. (heading) 12/4 Race with protest flags flying.
1993 Waterline (Hayling Island Sailing Club) Summer 9/1 If during a race you are directly involved in an incident you must immediately inform the other yacht by clearly displaying your protest flag and hailing ‘Protest’.
protest march n. = march n.5 2e.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > [noun] > walk with specific purpose
walk1608
bird walk1887
hunger-march1908
protest march1914
padayatra1956
charity walk1983
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > demonstration
protesting1582
demonstration1839
manifestation1875
demo1904
march1908
protest march1914
zap1972
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > demonstration > types of demonstration or protest
counterprotest1595
student demonstration1856
lie-in1867
rent strike1881
hunger strike1889
march1908
protest march1914
occupation1920
lie-down1936
sit-down1936
sit-in1936
freedom march1947
vigil1956
freedom walk1957
swim-in1960
freedom ride1961
sitting in1961
sleep-out1961
fish-in1964
live-in1964
stall-in1964
sleep-in1965
Long March1967
love-in1967
talk-in1967
write-in1967
die-in1970
dirty protest1979
blanket protest1982
1914 Polit. Sci. Q. 29 375 In November this agitation took the form of an organized protest march into the Transvaal.
1966 C. Achebe Man of People i. 4 Protest marches and demonstrations were staged up and down the land.
1992 Daily Express 9 Sept. 10/4 Mandela came under political fire for allowing Monday's protest march to go ahead despite warnings that it would spark a bloodbath.
protest-march v. intransitive to take part in a protest march.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > go on foot [verb (intransitive)] > with specific purpose
to step and1705
protest-march1958
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > be militant [verb (intransitive)] > demonstrate or protest
demonstrate1867
protest-march1958
march1967
1958 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 1 Aug. 1/3 Remember that 19-year-old Texas blonde who has been protest-marching to the White House?
1967 Punch 8 Nov. 699/1 I see an army with banners, protest-marching up and down Charing Cross Road.
2004 Sunday Tribune (Nexis) 1 Feb. 4 While his teammates were protest marching on Lansdowne Road, O'Sullivan was contacting agents in France.
protest marcher n. a person who takes part in a protest march.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > going on foot > [noun] > walk with specific purpose > one who
protest marcher1947
charity walker1976
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > militant person > protester or demonstrator > types of protester or demonstrator
counterprotester1863
hunger-marcher1908
peace marcher1918
sit-downer1936
sit-inner1936
protest marcher1947
sitter1960
freedom rider1961
sit-in1961
sitter-in1961
live-in1964
protest singer1966
1947 Eng. Jrnl. 36 123/1 Classes are asked to list from whatever sources available..the campaign poster, the protest marcher's banner.
1976 J. Wainwright Bastard v. 74 The leather-stampers [sc. policemen] who stroll alongside the protest marchers.
2006 Washington Times (Nexis) 23 Jan. a1 March leaders have estimated the number of protest marchers each of the past two years at 100,000.
protest-oriented adj. that is motivated by or focuses on social, political, or cultural protest.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [adjective] > protest-oriented
protest-oriented1966
1966 Compar. Educ. Rev. 10 297/1 The scale reflects not mere leftism, but active, protest-oriented, highly informed political involvement.
1969 Listener 6 Feb. 163/3 Mr Desmond Bird spoke of our ‘protest-oriented’ society.
2004 N.Y. Sun (Nexis) 27 July 3 They are experienced in first aid and an array of protest-oriented remedies, like the Mofiba cure for pepper spray.
protest vote n. Politics a vote cast for a party or candidate as a protest against the actions or policies of another (frequently incumbent) party or candidate.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > vote or voting
protest vote1912
protest voting1935
society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes > types of voting > types of vote
plumper1761
faggot1775
out-vote1790
faggot vote1803
floating vote1847
protest vote1912
tactical vote1974
1912 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 7 Oct. 5/1 Only one thing can prevent this, and that is a protest vote on the part of the American workingmen.
1965 N. Frye in C. F. Klinck et al. Lit. Hist. Canada 833 In Western Canadian elections, a protest vote may go Social Credit or NDP without much regard to the difference in political philosophy between these parties.
1992 Independent 7 Apr. 11/2 Some might be tempted to cast a protest vote for the Liberal Democrats.
protest voting n. the action of casting a protest vote; the practice of casting protest votes.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > militancy > [noun] > protest > vote or voting
protest vote1912
protest voting1935
society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > registering or casting votes > types of voting
faggot voting1835
faggotry1841
repeating1888
protest voting1935
ticket-splitting1957
tactical voting1974
1935 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald 21 Apr. i. 4/7 Protest voting runs in cycles.
1948 N.Y. Jrnl. Amer. 9 May 1/6 A blank ballot is the only means of protest voting.
2005 New Statesman (Nexis) 22 Aug. By writing a book and co-authoring a website advocating a modest level of protest voting, he said, I had done something ‘disgraceful’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
protestv.
/prəˈtɛst/, U.S. /prəˈtɛst/, /proʊˈtɛst/ a. intransitive. With for. To petition, advance a claim; to put forward a protestation (protestation n. 2a). Obsolete. to protest for remedy of law: to enter a claim that one’s right to seek legal redress be safeguarded.
ΚΠ
1429 Acts Parl. Scotl. II. 18/1 That the dome is fals..in the self..& assigne a resone at the lest protestande for ma.
1492 Aberdeen Burgh Rec. in A. J. Mill Mediaeval Plays in Scotl. (1927) 133 He protestit for remede of law.
1524 in Dumbarton Burgh Rec. (1860) App. ii. 5 The said Johne..for remede of law solemnpniter protestyd.
1568 ( D. Lindsay Satyre (Bannatyne) l. 2275 in Wks. (1931) II. 158 Ffor scylence I protest, Of lord, laird, and leddy.
1619 D. Calderwood Solution Dr. Resolutus vii. 581 Then said James [Cathkine], ‘There is noe friedome or libertie in leiting or choosing of ministers, therefore, we will protest for libertie and freedome’.
1631 in S. A. Gillon Sel. Justiciary Cases (1953) I. 165 The pannell takis instrumentis of his entrie and protestis for his cautioneris releif.
1709 J. Gray Appellant's Case The Appellant as usual, duly protested for remedy of Law to the Brittish [sic] Parliament.
1752 J. Louthian Form of Process (ed. 2) 113 Of old, before inclosing the Jury, the Lord Advocate or Prosecutor used to protest for an Assize of Error against the Inquest, if they assoilzied.
1793 J. Martin Let. to Earl of Lauderdale I. 37 It is the right and privilege of the subjects to protest for remedy of law, to the King and parliament, against sentences pronounced by the Lords of session.
b. transitive. To assert or stipulate (a reservation or condition, esp. one protecting the legal rights of a protesting party); to claim, demand, or insist. Frequently with clause as object. Obsolete.The dependent clause frequently includes a negative.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > demand
bid971
ofgoOE
askOE
cravec1025
to call after ——?a1300
requirea1382
callc1430
protest1459
to call for ——1479
demand1489
speer1493
command1576
to put (also place, call, etc.) in (or into) requisition1831
requisition1874
1459–60 in C. Innes Registrum Episcopatus Brechinensis (1856) I. 189 And gif ocht be done atour that I protest for me..that it draw ws to na preiudice.
1482–3 in G. Neilson & H. Paton Acts Lords of Council Civil Causes (1918) II. p. cviii In presens of the said lordis Alexander Lesly protestit that the said protestatioun abonwritin suld turne him to na prejudice anent his takkis of the said landis.
1574 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 410 The said Maister Johnne protestit that the said Lord Robert sould not be haldin to answer to the saidis letters.
1578 J. Rolland Seuin Seages 335 Scho me protestit air and lait All strange termis to cast out of my gait.
a1586 (a1500) Freiris Berwik 446 in W. A. Craigie Maitland Folio MS (1919) I. 145 Bot I protest þat ȝe keip this previe.
1641 Acts Parl. Scotl. V. 720/2 I protest that the ratification of the contract betuixt [etc.]...doe not prejudg me becaus I have intended ane action for reduction of it.
1678 G. Mackenzie Laws & Customes Scotl. ii. 458 When Advocats assist Pannels, especially in Treason, they use to protest that no escape of theirs in pleading, may be misconstructed.
1704 Acct. Proc. Parl. Scotl. 335 The Earl of Morton protested..that nothing done in this present Parliament..should be prejudicial to the established Religion.
1776 G. Ridpath & P. Ridpath Border-Hist. Eng. & Scotl. 177 The king..protested, that the favour he had granted to the competitors for the crown of Scotland..should not be to the prejudice of himself or his heirs.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)]
swearc825
hightOE
behighta1000
behestc1175
bespeakc1320
queatha1325
vow1338
avowc1374
undertakec1385
forhighta1400
forsweara1400
hest14..
promitc1422
promise1430
protest1430
to swear outa1440
to swear to ——1598
pollicitate1657
1430 in H. Nicolas Proc. & Ordinances Privy Council (1835) IV. 35 Þe Cardinal granted to goo overe in France with þe Kyng and to abide þere..and ellus he protested to come home and reporte þe cause of his departyng from þens to þe Kynges consail here.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccccxxxij That suche [married priests] as by the consent of their wiues, wil proteste to make a diuorsement they do handle more gently.
1597 R. Johnson 2nd Pt. Famous Hist. Seauen Champions xii. sig. U1v The Magtion..presently agreed to performe her desires, and protested to accomplish what soeuer she demaunded.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream i. i. 89 On Dianaes altar to protest, For aye, austeritie and single life. View more context for this quotation
1650 J. Reynolds Flower of Fidelitie vii. 135 He willed his Cousin to make his Athelia therewith acquainted, as he protested to do the like to his Mersilva.
c1660 in J. Gutch Collectanea Curiosa (1781) II. 455 The Scots seriously protested the performance of all these.
a1731 P. Aubin Lucinda (1739) 188 One who had so often swore to admire me so much beyond the rest of my Sex.., and protested to continue in the same Sentiments to the end of the World.
3.
a. transitive. To declare or state formally or emphatically (something about which a doubt is stated or implied); to assert, avow, affirm. Frequently with clause as object or †with object complement (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (transitive)]
vowc1330
anferme1340
affirma1382
willa1382
threapc1386
avow1393
to make oneself strongc1425
maintain?c1430
protest1440
traverse1491
assure1509
ferma1525
verc1540
profess1542
enforce1579
justify1579
aver1582
to take on1583
asserta1604
will1614
assevera1618
positive1656
autume1661
declare1709
obtesta1722
predicate1782
asseveratea1847
1440 in T. Rymer Fœdera (1710) X. 767 I Protest, for myn Excuse..that I never was..Aggreyng to his Deliverance.
c1456 R. Pecock Bk. Faith (Trin. Cambr.) (1909) 109 (MED) Manye of the lay peple..protesten and knowlechen that thei wolen not fecche and leerne her feith at the clergie of Goddis hool chirche in erthe.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 668/2 I protest that I wyll nothyng obstynatly affyrme that [etc.].
1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. f. 33 Likewise Thomas in protesting him to be his lord and his God, doth professe that he is that only one God whome he had alway worshipped.
?1622 King James VI & I Let. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 169 Till then I proteste I can have no joye in the going well of my owin bussienesse.
1664 S. Taylor in J. Evelyn Pomona in Sylva 50 A Noble-man tasting of a Bottle..himself a great Ciderist..protested the excellency of it.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 3. ⁋7 I protest to you, the Gentleman has not spoken to me.
1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. vii, in Hist. Wks. (1813) I. 512 She protested in the most solemn manner, that she was innocent of the crime laid to her charge.
1792 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry I. iii. i. 63 The clergyman..began by protesting his innocence, and that it was no more him that made the attack upon the maid, than the angel Gabriel.
1878 G. Barlow Marriage before Death 170 How many, many times have you protested, With those red lips of yours set fast on mine, You loved me.
1891 ‘Q’ Noughts & Crosses 140 For though I protested I was not hungry, the old gentleman insisted on our sharing alike.
1901 R. Kipling Kim xii. 317 They protested both fear and friendship.
1956 H. L. Mencken Minority Rep. 167 The louder he protests that he is the former the more apparent it becomes that he is really the latter.
1997 Sunday Times 8 June (News Review section) 4/5 The Sir Humphreys have protested that they are eager to recruit outsiders.
b. intransitive. To make a formal or emphatic declaration or statement. Now rare or merged in sense 6a.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (intransitive)]
protesta1486
assertionate1593
aver1599
contest1607
asseverate1807
gage1811
predicate1828
pose1840
to take one's dick1861
to stick up1876
a1486 in T. Twiss Black Bk. Admiralty (1871) I. 315 The conestable shall axe hym yif he will any more proteste, and that he put foorth all his protestacions by wrytyng.
1560 Bible (Geneva) Jer. xi. 7 I haue protested vnto your fathers.., rising earely & protesting, saying, Obey my voyce.
1563 A. Neville tr. Seneca Lamentable Trag. Œdipus ii. i. sig. Bvv I sweare, I vow, I do protest,and therto wytnes take.
1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 219 Ham. Madam, how do you like this play? Queene The Lady protests too much.
1611 Bible (King James) Gen. xliii. 3 The man did solemnly protest vnto vs, saying, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you. View more context for this quotation
1734–5 in Bookworm (1889) 86 I solemnly protest to you (in the words of an honourable couranteer).
1776 T. Paine Common Sense i. 17 Now therfore hearken unto their voice, howbeit, protest solemnly unto them and shew them the manner of the King that shall reign over them.
1850 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. v. 75 Every mother..who ever, by her hope against hope for some profligate, protested for a love deeper and wider than that of society.
1876 J. S. Blackie Songs Relig. & Life 145 He..Made nave and choir to ring and sound again, So stoutly he protested.
2004 Philadelphia Inquirer 6 June c 5/1 Girls, however much do they protest to the contrary, are not getting as much pleasure out of hookups as they claim.
c. intransitive. I protest: used as an asseveration. Cf. declare v. 6b. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > statement > assurance, confirmation, or guarantee > [phrase]
witc900
hightOE
to stand for it?a1500
take my word for it1576
I protest1587
I warrant me1825
1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 69 I loude, I doe protest, And did of worldlie men, account that worthie knight the best.
1612 T. Dekker If it be not Good iii. ii. 132 I will doe it I protest.
1669 J. Fletcher Island Princess iv. iii And I protest, I had rather use my sword In your defences, then against your safeties.
1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera iii. x. 51 I protest Madam, it goes against me.
1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xlix. 183 I cannot..call you the..basest fellow in the kingdom. I protest, my Lord, I do not think you so.
1813 E. S. Barrett Cherubina (ed. 2) III. 217 I protest, her imitation of the language and manners, which Authors give Heroines, would make a tiger titter.
1865 M. Arnold Ess. Crit. Pref. p. x I had no notion, I protest, that this exquisite stroke of pleasantry was aimed at me.
1941 ‘N. Blake’ Case of Abominable Snowman iv. 39 You are too odious. I protest you have turned me goose-flesh all over.
4. † b. transitive. To protest the bill of (a person). Obsolete. rare.
a. transitive. To make a formal written declaration of the non-acceptance or non-payment of (a negotiable instrument, as a bill of exchange). Cf. protest n. 2. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [verb (transitive)] > use bills of exchange
protest1479
retire1610
imprest1617
to take up1655
honour1664
discount1671
indulge1766
dishonour1811
cover1866
sight1866
protect1884
1479 R. Cely Let. 9 Dec. in Cely Lett. (1975) 69 I pray yow say to them at fette the arras from you at the byll was prodest.
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Ggg1 Protest, (protestari)..is by way of complaint to protest a mans bill.
1655 in E. Nicholas Nicholas Papers (1892) II. 194 Permitting a Bill to be protested by Mr Webster.
1667 S. Pepys Diary 13 Dec. (1974) VIII. 579 If the bill of 200l..be not paid tomorrow; and that if I do not help him about it, they have no way but to let it be protested.
1746 G. G. Beekman Let. 1 Sept. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. i. 7 I Shall go to Mr. fresneau to day and git him to pay the bill or protest it.
1765 Act 5 Geo. III c. 49 §5 The person..who shall have protested such note.
1809 R. Langford Introd. Trade 22 After a bill has been protested, it is sometimes accepted by a third party, for the purpose of saving the reputation of a drawer or of an endorser.
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xviii. 153 His bills were protested: act of bankruptcy formal.
1866 A. Crump Pract. Treat. Banking v. 112 The acceptor may procure the funds necessary to meet the bill, and prevent its being protested.
1962 P. Einzig Hist. Foreign Exchange ii. vii. 70 The dishonoured bill was protested as a matter of form and was returned to its place of issue.
1997 R. Cranston Princ. Banking Law iv. xiv. 415 Trade bills, because they will generally be ‘foreign bills’ within the terms of the Act, must also be protested.
ΚΠ
a1640 J. Fletcher et al. Beggers Bush iv. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ll4/2 I am sure 'twould vex your hearts, to be protested Ye are all faire Merchants.
a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) i. iii. 38 I must, and will have my money, Or I'le protest you first, and, that done have The Statute made for Bankrupts serv'd upon you.
1811 T. E. Hook Trial by Jury i. i. 5 Let us make a coalition against him, oust him, serve him like one of his own dirty bills, protest him, and send him back to the drawer.]
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > announcing or proclaiming > announce or proclaim [verb (transitive)]
kithec725
i-bedea800
abedeeOE
bid971
deemOE
bodea1000
tellOE
clepec1275
to tell outa1382
denouncec1384
publishc1384
descryc1390
pronouncec1390
proclaima1393
sound1412
proclaim?a1425
renouncea1425
announcec1429
preconize?1440
announce1483
reclaim?1503
call1523
to speak forth1526
annunciate1533
protest1533
to breathe out1535
denouncec1540
enact1611
deblazon1621
deblaze1640
advise1647
apostolize1652
indigitatea1670
enounce1807
voice1850
norate1851
enunciate1864
post1961
1533 T. More Let. Impugnynge J. Fryth sig. kiii He sayth he wyll in my reproche make a boke agaynst me, wherin he wyll professe and proteste hys fayth.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxvii In case yt he did refuse so to do, then he [sc. the herald] dyd protest the harme that should ensue, in the forme & maner, that in suche a case is..accustumed to be done.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 147 Doe mee right, or I will protest your cowardise.
1641 in J. E. T. Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 6 Therefore to acquit ourselves of the dangers and inconveniences that might arise..we do protest our disassents to this vote, and do thus enter it as aforesaid.
a1644 F. Quarles Solomons Recantation (1645) Sol. xii. 61 Remember thy Creator; O protest His praises to the world.
6.
a. intransitive. Originally: to make a formal (often written) declaration against a proposal, decision, etc.; to complain, remonstrate. Now usually: to express disapproval or dissent; to object to something. Also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > protest or remonstrate [verb (intransitive)]
quarrelc1391
reclaimc1425
to make courtesy (at)1542
protest1550
recontest1611
objurgate1642
obtest1650
remonstrant1654
remonstrate1655
represent1717
protest1870
1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War f. lxiii Than Archidamus came before the walle, and protested agaynst them in thys manner.
1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 150 Brennus then knewe him, and protested against him, calling the goddes to witnesse.
1600 R. Armin Foole vpon Foole sig. F1 This lusty Iester..in fury drawes his dagger, and begins to protest.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile To Earle of Pembroke sig. A2v Such imprest money I doe not like, but protest against it.
1641 in J. E. T. Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 7 I do protest against the deferring the debate thereof until Monday.
1718 in Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 240 [Feb. 20] We, whose names are subscribed, do protest against the resolution for refusing the other instruction.
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 136 This I protested against, as being no way Chinese.
1854 J. H. Newman Lect. Hist. Turks Advt. p. viii A minister of religion may fairly protest against being made a politician.
1886 H. James Bostonians xviii. 229 She might be peculiar, but she had protested against the idea that she was delicate.
1908 E. M. Forster Room with View xiii. 214 It was more than her nerves could stand. And yet she could not protest violently after her mother's goodness to her upstairs.
1944 S. Bellow Dangling Man 181 It seems he can do as he pleases, but if I protest I am the one who's blamed.
1952 S. Kauffmann Philanderer (1957) v. 70 The tenants..jointly decided to protest to the Board of Health about some of the landlord's lapses.
1969 Daily Tel. 22 Apr. 29 Conservatives protested angrily..at the Government's failure to announce new contribution rates.
2005 Wired Dec. 145/1 If she asks for a cookie and you serve her spaghetti, she protests.
b. transitive. To utter or state as a protest.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > protest against [verb (transitive)] > say in remonstrance
reclaimc1449
remonstrate1620
protest1844
1844 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Dec. 608/2 ‘Indeed,’ protested the young man, ‘I have often noticed her quiet, modest manners, and interesting countenance.’
1859 C. Dickens Tale of Two Cities iii. xii. 229 ‘No!’ protested Defarge. ‘Not if to lift this glass would do it!’
1903 E. Childers Riddle of Sands v. 48 ‘I'm not boring you, am I?’ he said suddenly. ‘I should think not,’ I protested.
1929 R. S. Lynd & H. M. Lynd Middletown v. 25 An old friend of her mother's protested that such work would ‘un-sex’ her.
1952 M. Laski Village xvi. 218 ‘But it's quite a good idea,’ protested Martha.
1969 G. Greene Coll. Essays ii. ii. 89 How this book, one wants to protest, should appeal to the craftsman.
1996 P. Gregory Perfectly Correct (1997) 218 ‘Girls are full of false consciousness,’ she protested. ‘They don't know what they want.’
c. intransitive. Of a (large) number of people: to express collective disapproval or dissent publicly, typically by means of an organized demonstration; to engage in a mass protest, usually against a government policy or legal decision.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > protest or remonstrate [verb (intransitive)]
quarrelc1391
reclaimc1425
to make courtesy (at)1542
protest1550
recontest1611
objurgate1642
obtest1650
remonstrant1654
remonstrate1655
represent1717
protest1870
1870 Times 19 July 12/5 On Sunday a demonstration to protest against what was called the ‘Infamous Sunday Trading Bill’ was made in Hyde Park.
1898 Westm. Gaz. 24 Jan. 9/3 A joint public meeting of Hindoos and Mohammedans was held there..to protest against the sedition law amendments.
1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 17 Dec. 1021/4 The Dukhobor colonists marched in force to the local seat of justice to protest.
1993 C. T. Rowan Dream Makers, Dream Breakers xx. 354 When some two hundred students from Bowie State College protested outside his Annapolis office, Agnew had them arrested.
2004 Daily Tel. 26 Feb. 17/1 Slovakian troops were deployed on the streets yesterday..to stop looting by Roma gipsies protesting against welfare cuts.
d. transitive. Chiefly U.S. To object to (an action or event); to challenge or contest; (also) to make the subject of a public protest or demonstration.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > protesting or remonstrance > protest against [verb (transitive)]
biremec1200
to cry against ——1382
to cry outc1385
reclaimc1449
reclaim1566
to exclaim at, on, upon1583
to exclaim against1594
to cry on ——1609
disentreat1611
tax1614
deprecatea1643
to make a noise about1668
protest1887
1887 Forest & Stream 7 Apr. 234 Mr. Rendle protested the decision, but his protest was not sustained.
1904 Brooklyn Daily Eagle 5 June **5/6 Many of the students are much incensed at the judges and will probably protest the decision.
1927 E. G. Mears Resident Orientals on Pacific Coast i. 6 The Peking Foreign Office has regularly protested acts of injustice and violence.
1951 Newsweek 27 Sept. 74/3 The residents of Follanshee..have protested the sale, claiming it would throw 2,441 persons out of work.
1966 H. Kemelman Saturday Rabbi went Hungry ii. 15 For one thing, I protest their having been singled out.
1991 M. Amis Time's Arrow ii. 58 We protest the Vietnam War, with vivified, uplifted faces.
2005 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 13 Jan. 30/3 He successfully protested the expulsion of a fellow student.
e. transitive. U.S. Sport. To lodge a formal objection against (a player or competitor); to object to the inclusion of (a player or competitor).
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1867 Brooklyn Daily Eagle 9 June 2/7 Messrs. John Fay and Richard Dalton, both parties to the stake, protested against the horse.]
1891 N.Y. Times 31 Oct. 2/6 The owner of Flip-flap protested the winner, claiming that Grey Gown had ‘cut’ the last two jumps, and so beaten his horse.
1895 Washington Post 4 Aug. 5 Almost every race was protested for foul riding.
1905 McClure's Mag. June 118/2 Princeton protested Thomas J. Thorp, one of Columbia's best men.
1974 Sumter (S. Carolina) Daily Item 22 Apr. 1B/7 His car, as well as the one driven by Davis, was protested and the Kirby car was disqualified.
1998 R. Genat Vintage & Hist. Drag Racers 49/1 The Jacobsons' car was protested by the team of Joe Gardner, Arnie Waldman, and Joe Tryson.
f. intransitive. Of an object: to make a creaking noise in reaction to pressure. Also (of a part of the body): to cause discomfort in response to prolonged or sudden stress.
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1909 J. London Piece of Steak in Sat. Evening Post 20 Nov. 6/1 He sat down by the window on a rickety chair that protested under his weight.
1979 B. Moore Mangan Inheritance ii. 174 The loose floorboards protesting under his tread.
1985 D. Simpson Last Seen Alive (1995) iv. 46 He yawned, stretched, winced as the aching muscles in the small of his back protested.
1997 D. Hansen Sole Survivor xxxiii. 326 His ribs protested immediately. His ch'i kung could speed up the healing process but not work miracles.
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the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > appeal to or invoke > to bear witness or confirm
teemOE
protest1555
contest1610
invoke1851
1555 W. Waterman tr. Josephus in tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions sig. X.viij Protesting God, that he entended not to tourne aside, or hide..any thing that is another mannes.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 480 Unoriginal Night and Chaos wilde..with clamorous uproare Protesting Fate supreame. View more context for this quotation
1675 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Odysses ii. 9 Protest the Gods against their injuries, And let the whole Assembly know your case.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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