progressiveadj.n.

Brit.

/prəˈɡrɛsɪv/, U.S.

/prəˈɡrɛsɪv/,

/proʊˈɡrɛsɪv/

Forms: late Middle English 1600s– progressive, 1500s progressyve (Scottish), 1500s–1600s progressiue.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French progressif; Latin progressivus.

Etymology: < Middle French, French progressif that moves, that moves forward (c1372; also 14th cent. in sense ‘which makes (something) move’), that takes place in a regular and continuous manner (1763), that brings about or participates in progress (1770), (of a person, institution, etc.) that supports or is in favour of progress (1815; 1830 as noun in this sense) and its probable etymon post-classical Latin progressivus capable of or relating to forward motion, moving forwards (early 13th cent. in British sources; also in continental sources), (in astronomy) direct, prograde (14th cent., 1622 in British sources; also in continental sources) < classical Latin prōgress- , past participial stem of prōgredī to go forward, proceed, to advance, develop, progress (see progredient adj.) + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare Spanish progresivo (1494), Italian progressivo (a1406). Compare progression n., progress n.

A. adj.

1. Of or relating to forward movement in space.

a. Astronomy. = direct adj. 3, prograde adj. 1. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > [adjective]

progressive?c1450

progressional1570

locomotive1612

onwardly1674

locomotory1824

translational1867

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > [adjective]

progressive?c1450

progressional1570

advancing1575

forward1603

progredient1650

onward1674

processive1691

on-driving1884

propagating1971

?c1450 (a1388) tr. Richard of Wallingford Exafrenon (Digby) in J. D. North Wks. Richard of Wallingford (1976) I. 213 (MED) A good shorte table for to knawe when all the planetis are stacionarye or retrograde or progressive.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 127 Thir [sc. the planets'] wandring course..Progressive, retrograde, or standing still.

1728 H. Pemberton View Sir I. Newton's Philos. 195 The moon..would..have partook of all the progressive motion of the earth.

1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xlii. 503 The sun is accompanied in his progressive motion among the fixed stars by ten planetary bodies.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 54/1 This apparent motion is due to..the progressive motion of the observer with the earth, as it performs its yearly course about the sun.

1962 A. Helm tr. G. D. Roth System Minor Planets x. 85 So far all the known orbits are progressive, i.e. not retrogressive or retrograde.

b. Of people, animals, etc., or their motion: characterized by or capable of forward movement, as by walking, flying, or swimming; (of an attribute or faculty) that enables such movement, locomotive. Now rare or merged in general sense at A. 1c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > [adjective] > specifically of animates

progressive1535

locomotor1844

1535 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (rev. ed.) iii. xii. sig. L This vertue moeueth all the lymmes... For that that hit extendeth to the feete, and moueth them to walke, hit is called the vertue progressyue, goynge.

1599 T. Blundeville Art of Logike i. x. 28 Power sensitiue is eyther Comprehensiue..or motiue which is eyther Appetitiue..[or] progressiue, as to goe, to flie, to swym.

a1621 A. Willet Hexapla in Genesin & Exodum (1633) xix. 183 The progressive faculty may be exercised in sleepe: as many walke, carry things from place to place, and doe such like things in their sleepe.

1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 39 It is far more ingenious to believe it to be a gale of Animal Spirits, that, moving from her head along her back to her tail..is the cause of her [the snail's] progressive motion.

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 34 Plants have no local or progressive Motion.

1791 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina 173 Their ascent so easy, as to be almost imperceptible to the progressive traveller.

1816 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 106 149 (title) Some account of the feet of those animals whose progressive motion can be carried on in opposition to gravity.

1881 Times 28 Jan. 3/4 In the nototheres and diprotodonts, progressive movement is performed in the ordinary four-footed fashion of the tapir and rhinoceros.

c. gen. Of, relating to, or designating any forward movement; characterized by or exhibiting onward motion; advancing in space.

ΚΠ

a1628 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated (1635) iii. 69 A Progressiue motion, whereby the center..of the Inclinatory Needle is carryed forward.

1662 J. Graunt Nat. & Polit. Observ. Bills Mortality iii. 26 [We see] in the progressive motion of the wheels of Watches..that there is a little starting, or jerking backwards between every step forwards.

1694 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 67 A Temporaneous progressive motion of the parts of the Air at the rate of 276 Paces in a second Minute of time.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. ii. 24 I was not in the least sensible of the progressive Motion made in the Air by the Island.

1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy V. i. 2 The London waggon..hung tottering upon the hill, scarce progressive, drag'd..up by eight heavy beasts.

1809 Ann. Reg. 1807 (Otridge ed.) Useful Proj. 856/1 With two distinct motions..a rotary round their own axis, and a progressive circumvolutionary on the ring.

1821 W. Scott Pirate II. i. 4 The story, like a horse on the grand pas, seemed to be advancing with rapidity, while, in reality, it scarce was progressive at the rate of a yard in the quarter of an hour.

1846 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces 23 From the manner in which the peculiar force called Electricity, is apparently transmitted through certain bodies..the term current is commonly used to denote its progressive direction.

1884 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 745 This motor is connected with the driving-wheels by gearing, belting, [etc.]..so that its revolution produces..a consequent progressive motion of the electric locomotive.

1918 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 4 292 Distinction should be made between solifluction which causes progressive motion of surface material.., and that which causes only circulatory movement.

1995 N. Hudson Soil Conservation (ed. 3) ii. 39 Frost heave and traction results in a progressive movement downhill in sloping ground.

2. Characterized by continuous progress or advancement.

a. Of persons, communities, etc.: developing, changing, progressing; esp. advancing in or gaining some desirable attribute or quality; improving, or able to improve.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > specifically of persons or communities

progressive1612

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [adjective] > to a further or higher stage > specifically of persons

progressive1612

1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 132 It is good for Princes, if they vse ambitious men, to handle it so, as they bestil progressive, and not retrograde... For if they rise not with their service, they will take order to make their service fal with them.

1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. lxxxix. 258 He is not truely penitent, that is not progressiue, in the Motion of aspiring goodnesse.

1766 M. A. P. Fauques Life Marchioness Pampadour II. (ed. 4) 159 As if that misuse [of human learning] was..as inseparable a consequence..as learning itself is from man considered as a progressive animal.

1795 T. Pownall Intellect. Physicks 157 Suppose the existence of man's nature to be progressive, and to have, in its present stage of existence, reference to some further progress.

1813 T. Busby in tr. Lucretius Nature of Things I. i. Comm. 17 A progressive, partially-potent, and finite being, like man.

1854 J. H. Newman Lect. Hist. Turks iv. ii. 228 Whatever be the natural excellences of the Turks, progressive they are not.

1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty iii. 127 A people..may be progressive for a certain length of time, and then stop.

1975 J. Plamenatz K. Marx's Philos. Man ii. 50 The doctrine asserts that men..acquire needs different in kind from those of other animals—the needs of a being that is essentially social and progressive in a way that they are not.

1997 Philos. & Phenomenological Res. 57 717 The exercise of those capacities for practical deliberation that mark us as responsible agents and progressive beings.

b. Of circumstances, attributes, ideas, conditions, etc.: characterized by, relating to, or involving gradual change or advancement, esp. for the better; growing, increasing, developing; marked by continuous improvement.With sense ‘developing by gradual stages’ sometimes merging with A. 3a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective]

progressional1570

progressivea1653

ascensive1806

get-on1853

the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [adjective] > to a further or higher stage

upwarda1616

progressivea1653

unretrograde1798

a1653 H. Binning Serm. (1845) 235 The life as well as the light of the righteous is progressive.

1744 E. Young Complaint: Night the Seventh 5 Reason progressive, Instinct is complete.

1795 S. T. Coleridge Plot Discovered 9 Progressive reformation and ameliorated manners.

1859 C. Barker Devel. Associative Princ. ii. 45 During the fifteenth century commerce continued to be regularly and rapidly progressive.

1868 Trollope's Brit. Sports 217 The progressive improvement in yacht-building during the last twenty years.

1884 F. Temple Relations Relig. & Sci. (1885) vi. 182 He had to teach that the creation was not merely orderly, but progressive.

1920 T. S. Eliot Sacred Wood 73 Examination of the development of Elizabethan drama shows..a progressive refinement in the perception of the variations of feeling.

1992 P. W. Birnie & A. E. Boyle Internat. Law & Environment i. ii. 24 Thus a body of jurisprudence accumulates..and contributes to the progressive development of international law.

c. Medicine. Of a disease or disease process: increasing in severity or extent over time.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > other characteristics

hoteOE

redeOE

foulOE

elvishc1386

dryc1400

whitec1450

Naples1507

shaking1528

cold1569

exquisite1583

unpure1583

waterish1583

wandering1585

legitimate1615

sulphureous1625

tetrous1637

cagastrical1662

medical1676

ambulatory1684

ebullient1684

frantic1709

animated1721

progressive1736

cagastric1753

vegetative1803

left-handed1804

specific1804

subacute1811

animate1816

gregarious1822

vernal1822

ambilateral1824

subchronic1831

regressive1845

nummular1866

postoperative1872

ambulant1873

non-surgical1888

progredient1891

spodogenous1897

spodogenic19..

non-invasive1932

early-onset1951

adult-onset1957

non-specific1964

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. i. 25 Thinking, that a progressive Disease..will destroy those Powers.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View Nature IV. lxiii. 18 A progressive disease, when arrived to..that degree which is mortal, [etc.].

1829 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 3) III. 390 These symptoms are a progressive soreness and ulceration of the tonsils, uvula, palate, and tongue.

1877 tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. XVI. 647 In progressive pernicious anæmia unusual corpulence has been observed.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 695 Progressive dementia with general paralysis.

1922 Lancet 29 Apr. 849/2 This is an account of the disease known as progressive lenticular degeneration.

1971 Brit. Med. Bull. 27 55/2 Marked interference with function is usually found in those suffering from progressive massive fibrosis.

1989 E. S. Person Love & Fateful Encounters xiii. 945 When I was an adolescent, my father became ill with a disease that was progressive, and he died five years later.

2004 Connacht Tribune 4 June (Life section) 20/2 These can be symptoms of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD)—a progressive disease of the airways.

d. Of a tax or taxation: increasing gradually according to ability to pay; increasing as a proportion of the sum taxed as that sum increases.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [adjective] > types or schemes of taxation

ad valorem1772

progressive1792

discriminative1797

indirect1801

progressional1883

degressive1886

regressive1888

soak-the-rich1935

wraparound1968

1792 T. Paine Rights of Man: Pt. Second v. 85 The following table of progressive taxation is constructed on the above principles, and as a substitute for the commutation tax.

1804 Ann. Rev. & Hist. Lit. 1803 2 318 Both these classes of revenue are admittedly progressive.

1821 C. R. Prinsep tr. J.-B. Say Treat. Polit. Econ. II. ii. viii. 362 I have no hesitation in saying, that taxation cannot be equitable, unless its ratio is progressive.

1886 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 1 93 The octroi..is even charged with being an inversely progressive tax, increasing for every class of tax-payers in the inverse ratio of their ability to pay.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 197/2 The question whether the burden of taxation should not be progressive—the proportion of the sum taken by the state from the tax-payers increasing with the wealth of the individual.

1978 Times 18 July 15/5 Progressive taxation is imposed in this country in order to moderate the unequal distribution of income.

2003 D. L. Scott Wall St. Words (ed. 3) 38 Bracket creep occurs because of the progressive nature of the federal income tax structure, that is, extra income is taxed at higher and higher rates.

e. Grammar. Belonging to or denoting an aspect or tense of a verb that expresses an action in progress (e.g. am going, was going); = continuous adj. 2b. Cf. expanded adj. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > aspect > [adjective] > progressive

progressive1871

continuous1887

durative1889

continuative1924

1871 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1869–70 166 The auxiliary of the progressive present is de.

1886 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 7 354 A progressive form of the same tense is produced by the suffix dage or daka.

1932 Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. 31 252 The creation of the progressive form resulted from the desire to express the idea of progressive action, action going on: ‘He is writing a letter to his mother.’

1959 Brno Stud. in Eng. 1 13 Mod E progressive tenses must be regarded as marked counterparts of the simple tenses.

1996 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 62 292 The progressive aspect forms [of the verb]..are used for progressive movement in both present and past.

f. Biology. Of a morphological feature: relatively advanced in evolutionary development; indicative of progress towards a later evolutionary stage.Now disused in Physical Anthropology.

ΚΠ

1886 Amer. Naturalist 20 947 The progressive character of the French dentition in this respect is in broad contrast with the primitive character of that of Italians and Greeks.

1905 Science 23 June 961/1 Is this a primitive or a secondary character..? Secondly, is this a retrogressive or a progressive character?

1933 Jrnl. Mammalogy 14 139 The advances of H[eliscomys] gregoryi over H. vetus lie in the further development of the cingulum, and the more progressive character of the premolar.

1965 Jrnl. Paleontol. 39 450/2 In Proterocidaris and Pholidocidaris the ambulacra are greatly enlarged adorally, a progressive feature in the Echinocystidoida.

1992 Jrnl. Mammalogy 73 512/2 Phyletic phenocopies..showing atavistic and progressive characters should be eventually produced.

3. Proceeding by steps or stages.

a. Of an event, process, action, etc.: advancing from one item in a series to the next; proceeding by stages or degrees; step by step. Also, of the stages in such a process: occurring one after another, successive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > [adjective] > successive or following one after another

successive?a1475

progressional1570

consecutive1611

sequenta1616

progressive1620

back-to-back1626

running1682

seriatim1813

straight1899

tandem1926

1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 178 Concerning progressiue suppartition of members [margin Diuiding of parts into parts].

1647 T. Bedford Exam. Chief Points Antinomianism 32 There is a progressive work of Iustification, but the constant actings of the Spirit applying the Blood of Christ, by the hand of Faith, to the quiet and comfort of the soul.

1703 Virgil's 4th Eclogue 2 Behold the Mighty Months Progressive Shine.

1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 41. ⁋5 That the idea of the one was impressed at once, and continued through all the progressive descents of the species, without variation or improvement.

1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Progressive Notes, those notes which succeed each other, either in ascent or descent.

1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 502 The progressive stages of inflammation, maturation, and scabbing.

1858 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 17 June in French & Ital. Notebks. (1980) v. 322 Pictures, arranged..in a progressive series, with reference to the date of the painters.

1909 F. C. Conybeare Myth, Magic, & Morals xvii. 336 We hear proclaimed from many a pulpit a new and strange doctrine—that the Bible is the record of a progressive revelation.

1973 A. d'A. Bellairs & J. F. D. Frazer Smith's Brit. Amphibians & Reptiles (ed. 5) vi. 218 (caption) Evolution of the spectacle in lizards shewing progressive development of the ‘window’ in the lower eyelid.

1999 Rochester (N.Y.) Democrat & Chron. (Nexis) 3 July 1 b We'd supply long leashes and stake the goats to cover wide, overlapping circles, mowing down grass in progressive stages all around the house.

b. Originally of certain card games, such as euchre or whist: involving the progress of some players from one group or table to the next after each round, according to specified rules. Also applied to other activities (as dancing, etc.) in which participants move from one place to another for each of several successive rounds or stages.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > [adjective] > progressive

progressive1861

1861 N. Amer. Rev. July 91 He has no time and no interest to spare to tiddledy-winks and donkey parties, nor even for progressive euchre.

1875 W. B. Dick Amer. Hoyle (ed. 10) 56 There is another variety to be met with occasionally, which may be styled ‘Progressive Jack-Pots’.

1886 I. M. Rittenhouse Maud (1939) 366 So we had a jolly little time, playing progressive eucher, and indulging in some music.

1906 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 1 Jan. 15/1 Mrs. Piggott entertained a number of her lady friends..progressive five hundred being the amusement.

1963 M. Kendon Ladies College, Goudhurst 20 In 1905 the girls were asked..for an evening of Progressive games.

1983 New Oxf. Compan. Music i. 173/2 With the revival of old-time dances it became a ‘progressive’ dance with a change of partners included.

1992 J. Dominguez & V. Robin Your Money or your Life vi. 204 Have a progressive dinner party... Start at one person's house with appetizers, go to the next person's house for soup and keep on moving from house to house for each successive course.

2000 Canberra Sunday Times 11 June 30/4 Working out the timing of the songs to make sure they ended up with the right boy at the end of the Progressive Barn Dance.

c. Phonetics. Involving the modification or harmonization of a sound by or with one closely preceding it. Usually in progressive assimilation (opposed to regressive assimilation n. at regressive adj. 4).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [noun] > assimilation

accommodation1841

assimilation1850

regressive assimilation?1862

progressive assimilation1872

reciprocal assimilation1885

1872 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 10 456 Progressive assimilation reduces the form -ańk to -ańń.

1892 Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. 7 116 This ie has been reduced to i through progressive assimilation of the e to the i.

1915 G. Noël-Armfield Gen. Phonetics ix. 32 If the first sound carries its influence forward the assimilation is said to be progressive.

1964 C. Barber Ling. Change Present-day Eng. iii. 63 A historical example of progressive assimilation is seen in words like watch.., where the rounded vowel..is the result of the influence of the preceding w.

1999 R. Sampson Nasal Vowel Evol. in Romance i. 26 In the history of Romance at least, vowel nasalization by progressive assimilation occurs a good deal less frequently than with the regressive type.

4. Favouring or characterized by innovation or reform.

a. Characterized by change, innovation, or experiment, or by enthusiasm for or advocacy of this; advanced, innovative, avant-garde.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > absence of prejudice > [adjective]

unpossesseda1586

affectionless1595

respectless1598

unprejudicating1602

spacious1609

unprejudicate1609

unprejudicated1609

undifferencing?1624

unprepossessed1629

imprejudicate1640

unprejudiced1641

unprejudicial1641

unpreoccupated1641

unsuperstitious1652

moderate1654

unforestalled1657

unengaged1659

equipondious1661

uncaptivated1678

unbiased1686

unbigoted1711

Whiggish1715

open-minded1748

progressive1780

liberal1781

prejudiceless1830

broad1832

great-eyed1850

synoptic1852

undogmatic1857

undogmatical1863

superstitionless1879

race-blind1900

personless1932

verlig1968

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > favouring > characterized by

progressive1780

1780 L. Tomlinson Mr. E— B—'s Answer own Speech 27 To digest and carry into execution so complicated and progressive a system of reform, is not the work of one man.

1847 Debow's Rev. Mar. 245 Dialogue between a planter of the old, and a planter of the new and progressive school of husbandry.

1858 Philadelphia Press 24 July America is a dashing, go-ahead, and highly progressive country.

1908 H. G. Wells War in Air ii. 35 It was always a very rhetorical and often trying affair, but in these progressive times you have to make a noise to get a living.

1953 M. McCarthy Groves of Academe i. 4 In a progressive community where the casserole and the cocktail and the disposable diaper reigned.

1974 Howard Jrnl. 14 99 The Rev. W. D. Morrison, whose outspoken views in the 1890s led to the most progressive document on prison reform since the writing of John Howard himself.

1983 B. Emecheta Rape of Shavi (1985) xvi. 132 She regarded herself as a modern progressive doctor.

2005 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 1 Nov. 79 In the 1840s and 1850s, Adelaide was home to the most progressive arts scene in Australia.

b. Of an individual, policy, or party: advocating or working towards change or reform in society, esp. in political or religious matters; committed to progress, forward-looking. With capital initial: of or relating to a Progressive Party (Progressive Party n. at Compounds).Applied at different times and in different places to various political groups committed to progress or reform: see Progressive Party n. at Compounds. In the United States now often used as a self-designation by people on the left to avoid the term liberal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > favouring

forward-looking1800

progressive1830

progressist1843

progressive-minded1854

progressionist1865

progressivist1919

forward-thinking1958

prog1958

out front1968

verlig1968

society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > a party > [adjective] > types of party generally

patrician1813

national1828

progressive1830

progressist1843

conservative1845

republican1873

nationalist1884

mobilist1966

green1973

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [adjective] > other political theories or doctrines

radical1783

progressive1830

progressist1843

abstentionist1857

restrictionist1858

communalist1871

mutualistic1874

militant1876

possibilist1881

productivist1892

radical feminist1905

rejectionist1909

minimalist1917

pan-Asian1917

maximalist1918

one-world1919

Eurasian1922

gradualistic1926

Europasian1928

gradualist1931

social revolutionary1931

renovationist1934

restrictivist1936

identitarian1943

cultural Marxist1949

1830 Times 18 Nov. 2/6 The Ministers..find themselves every instant compromised by their progressive allies whose support they expected.

1844 Sandusky (Ohio) Clarion 17 Aug. Below is a specimen of progressive Democracy, which is new in this country.

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby III. vi. iii. 30 Odious distinctions were not drawn between Finality men and progressive Reformers.

1855 N.Y. Weekly Tribune 28 Apr. 4/6 The Pennsylvania Yearly Meeting of Progressive Friends..is to convene..on Sunday, May 20.

1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 8 Jan. 8/1 The Progressive Brahmans, or, as they call their church, the ‘Brahma Somaj of India’.

1889 Pall Mall Gaz. 30 Jan. 2/2 From the point of view of the Progressive majority, this is the only way to make the seat secure.

1904 Old Dartmouth Hist. Coll. No.8, 16/2 These Hicksites are called Progressive Quakers.

1954 Sun (Baltimore) 9 Dec. 1/1 President Eisenhower..asserted his leadership of the Republican party as a party of ‘progressive moderates’.

1969 A. G. Frank Lat. Amer. xxii. 269 Concerned and progressive people everywhere scrutinize these..laws, and often criticize them.

1971 Progress (Cape Town) May 5/4 There had been talk of a split for a long time; the Press had even coined the term the ‘Progressive Group’ of the United Party.

2005 Nation 15 Aug. 18/1 Yes, of course, he'd like the Democratic Party to be more progressive and for third parties to develop the capacity to pull the political process to the left.

c. Education. Of a school, teaching method, educational system, etc.: relating to or advocating educational reform; (in later use) spec. rejecting the formalism of traditional methods of education and aiming to develop the individual, rather than to achieve standardized results; liberal.In the U.S. applied esp. to the child-centred educational practices arising from the theories of John Dewey (1859–1952), American philosopher and educationist, and his followers of the Progressive Education Association (formed in 1919), who maintained that children learn best by practical problem-solving rather than in formal teaching situations.

ΘΚΠ

society > education > [adjective] > system of education

Lancasterian1807

heuristical1819

Pestalozzian1826

heuristic1844

progressive1860

Philanthropinist1864

Chautauqua1873

Froebelian1873

Fröbel1875

co-educational1881

extramural1884

Arnoldian1888

co-ed1889

Montessori1912

Montessorian1912

work–study1924

essentialist1938

bilateral1947

Piagetian1960

open-ended1961

home-schooling1963

Nuffield1964

binary1965

1835 tr. A. Necker de Saussure (title) Progressive education [Fr. L'éducation progressive], commencing with the infant.]

1860 Massachusetts Teacher Aug. 312 It is believed by many, that the Teachers' Institutes, now sustained by law, have, in a great measure, failed to meet the wants of progressive education.

1883 Davenport (Iowa) Daily Gaz. 2 June 4/3 Evidently, President Folsom, as a sagacious and progressive educator, sees plainly the necessities of the hour.

1910 G. K. Chesterton George Bernard Shaw 185 Shaw has always made this one immense mistake (arising out of that bad progressive education of his), the mistake of treating convention as a dead thing.

1924 Progressive Educ. Apr. 3 The Progressive Schools are increasing rapidly.

1946 E. Hodgins Mr. Blandings builds his Dream House (1947) 22 The creative, anarchistic, and sexual freedoms of a progressive school.

1959 Listener 5 Feb. 244/1 A man who tries to exercise authority in the manner of a sergeant-major will get short shrift in a progressive school.

1967 Guardian 14 Oct. 8/4 The Progressive Education Association founded..in 1915, had done its work so well that it was dissolved in 1955.

1976 Listener 29 Apr. 526/1 Anxious children did particularly poorly in a progressive classroom.

2000 Daily Tel. 24 July 20/3 Left-wing Labourites, traditionally the high priests of ‘progressive’ education, can now be found complaining about airy-fairy teaching methods that betray the aspirations of working-class children.

d. Music. Of music: experimental, innovative; avant-garde, modern. Cf. prog adj. 2.Frequently with reference to any of several distinct musical developments. Recorded earliest in progressive jazz n. at Compounds; cf. also progressive rock n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > [adjective] > style of composition

grandc1666

romantic1836

routinier1837

parodistic1845

rococo1868

virtuose1873

virtuosic1879

galant1884

polymorphous1890

monothematic1894

rococo1904

impressionistic1908

salon1914

gallant1925

athematic1935

non-thematic1946

minimalistic1947

stochastic1958

progressive1963

minimal1968

post-minimal1971

minimalist1977

1921 Bradford (Pa.) Era 8 June 1/4 (advt.) The Colored Wonder's Progressive Jazz Orchestra at Rock City Park Sunday afternoon.

1935 Atlanta Daily World 16 June 3/7 The distinctive music of J. Neil Montgomery and his progressive jazz orchestra went into ecstasies for a spontaneously jovial dance throng.

1945 Billboard 27 Oct. 20/3 A guy like Alan Courtney..leans quite a bit on so-called progressive jump and jive.

1959 ‘F. Newton’ Jazz Scene vi. 117 Leading ‘progressive’ players like the pianist Lennie Tristano.

1963 R. I. McDavid & D. W. Maurer Mencken's Amer. Lang. (new ed.) 744 It [sc. funk] also designates progressive bop containing a strong blues element which marks its Negro origin.

1970 E. Lee Music of People vii. 147 A new style has arisen, usually called ‘progressive pop’, which is of such musicality that it has been heralded by some critics as a new form of art music.

1987 New Yorker 20 July 84/2 A latter-day permutation of bluegrass, called progressive bluegrass—an overlapping term is ‘newgrass’—updates the music.

2001 Boston Globe (Nexis) 12 Aug. l1 It was a fun club—with some progressive reggae blended with the house music.

B. n.

a. A person holding progressive, avant-garde, or liberal views; an advocate or supporter of social, religious, or political progress or reform, or of change within or to a particular political system; a member or supporter of a Progressive Party (see Progressive Party n. at Compounds).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > sympathy with or principles of > one who

progressist1844

progressive1844

progressionist1849

progressivist1874

prog1959

verligte1967

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [noun] > other political theories or doctrines > adherents of

quietist1783

restrictionist1812

progressist1844

abstentionist1857

progressive1884

productivist1892

white supremacist1896

restrictivist1899

minimalist1906

renovationist1920

Eurasian1922

communalist1927

Europasian1928

cultural Marxist1998

society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > a party > [noun] > types of party generally (in various countries) > members of

national1792

social democrat1848

Labourist1884

Labourite1887

progressist1890

progressive1892

greens1978

1844 Ohio Repository 3 Oct. 2/6 The ‘progressives’ have a great dread of gag-laws.

1847 Semi-Weekly News (Fredericksburgh, Va.) 21 Oct. 2/2 The Barnburners are the progressives, the radicals.

1852 Mrs P. Sinnett tr. E. R. Huc Trav. xv. 234 The caravan became henceforth divided between the party of movement and that of resistance—the progressives and the stationaries.

1866 H. Bushnell Vicarious Sacrifice iii. v. 333 The disappointment I may inflict on certain progressives, or disciples of the new gospel.

1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 8 Jan. 8/1 Henceforth the two parties of the Brahmans were known as the Conservatives and the Progressives.

1892 Ld. Rosebery in Daily News 2 Mar. 2/6 I meant that there were Progressives who are not Liberals, but that I think there are no Liberals who are not Progressives.

1898 Westm. Gaz. 19 Nov. 2/2 The Cape will shortly be polled again, and it seems..that the result will be to give the Progressives a very small majority.

1921 J. R. Hornady Bk. of Birmingham ii. 27 In the North we divide; there you will find Republicans, Democrats, Progressives, Independents, and so forth.

1940 ‘G. Orwell’ Inside Whale 176 There are the ‘progressives’, the yea-sayers, the Shaw-Wells type, always leaping forward to embrace the ego-projections which they mistake for the future.

1961 A. Hosain Sunlight on Broken Column iii. x. 226 Progressives accused her mother of being a capitalist and a communal reactionary, and religious fanatics attacked her for being out of purdah and addicted to immoral Western ways.

1970 Cape Times 28 Oct. 1/1 The United Party has been a bit bitter about the Progressives, believing that they should not exist.

1994 Guardian 18 June 32/3 Cardinals Ratzinger and Martini (commonly regarded by progressives as respectively the bogeyman and the hero among the Cardinals).

2001 S. Johnson Emergence vi. 225 To some older progressives, steeped in the more hierarchical tradition of past labor movements, those diverse ‘affinity groups’ seemed hopelessly scattered and unfocused.

b. An advocate or practitioner of ‘progressive’ educational methods (see sense A. 4c).

ΘΚΠ

society > education > [noun] > systematic education > systems of > advocates of

Philanthropinist1842

examinationist1856

modernist1856

Pestalozzian1859

secularist1872

Froebelian1873

modernizer1889

universitarianism1889

Arnoldian1904

anthroposophist1916

co-educator1920

progressive1930

Montessorian1934

outward-bounder1961

1930 J. M. Dorey in Christian Sci. Monitor 1 Apr. 10/2 One does not have to be a ‘Progressive’ to know that ‘learning progresses most rapidly when the results of the effort of learning are satisfying to the learner.’

1936 H. G. Wells Anat. Frustration viii. 73 The ‘natural virtue’ schools of such educational ‘progressives’ as Neill and his associates.

1944 H. Croome You've gone Astray xvi. 168 You may know the true progressive..by the fact that he calls children not boys and girls, but ‘kids’.

1976 Times 26 Apr. 13/3 In the past the debate between traditionalists and progressives in education has often taken place on the abstruse and abstract plane of educational philosophy.

1990 J. Solomon Green Parenting vii. 108 However hard teachers may try to allow direct experience, which the so-called progressives do, this fact cannot be avoided.

2. Grammar. A form of a verb, etc., indicative of ongoing action: see sense A. 2e.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > aspect > [noun] > other specific aspects

infectum1833

iterative1853

permansive1872

resultative1902

progressive1906

egressive1914

terminate1931

1906 Classical Philol. 1 365 The term ‘descriptive’ imperfect would be justified only in case we could distinguish from the simple progressives those cases in which the tense is used purely for graphic presentation of actions which might more naturally have been indicated by the perfect.

1940 PMLA 55 858 Compound predicates consisting of one auxiliary and two or more participles I counted as separate verbs. I included elliptical progressives.

1978 Language 54 418 Half of his discussion of imperfectivity (32–40) is devoted largely to an examination of the English progressive in which it is clear that he is arguing from form to meaning, rather than the reverse.

1991 Jrnl. Semantics 8 329 Progressives indicate a stative interval because the action described by a progressive precedes speech time, carries on through speech time, and continues afterward.

3. Printing. In plural = progressive proofs n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printed matter > [noun] > proof > colour-printing proof

progressive proofs1889

progressive1923

1923 H. A. Maddox Printing x. 125 A final set of colour proofs (progressives) is prepared for the guidance of the printer.

1932 J. A. Place & E. Clunes Letterpress Printing xiv. 247 Block-Maker's Progressive Proofs. The colour sheets of ‘progressives’ provided by the process block-maker must be followed with absolute exactitude.

1987 Stamps Feb. 67/3 There are all manner of working proof and progressives of the engravings of various Royal head dies.

2005 Printing World (Nexis) 17 Mar. 32 Certain workflows will deliver separated files to allow the customer to check progressives.

Compounds

progressive house n. (more fully progressive house music) a form of electronic dance music which typically seeks to avoid the more predictable or clichéd aspects of mainstream house music.

ΚΠ

1991 Chicago Tribune 19 Mar. v. 2/1 It ‘features a musical mix of industrial wave and progressive house music’. The reporter reminded himself to ask about this musical mix.

1992 Mixmag June 20 Progressive House we'll call it... The style is a music that builds on layers of percussion, that loops simple, funky riffs over and over.

1999 M. Silcott Rave Amer. v. 134 They also began to uphold ‘classy’ or ‘intelligent’ forms of house and techno. The most notorious of these ‘higher’ genres was progressive house.

progressive jazz n. Music an innovative form of jazz growing out of the orchestral jazz and swing of the 1930s and 1940s; (also) = modern jazz n. at modern adj. and n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > jazz > [noun] > types of

rooty-toot1852

soul music1920

Chicago1923

gutbucket1925

symphonic jazz1926

Dixieland1927

jive1928

white jazz1931

Harlem1934

jump1937

New Orleans1938

free jazz1941

progressive jazz1944

bebop1945

gypsy swing1945

modern jazz1946

bop1948

new jazz1949

cool1952

Afro-jazz1954

funk1954

gypsy jazz1955

trad jazz1955

trad1956

whorehouse music1956

new thing1962

fusion1965

[1921Progressive Jazz Orchestra [see sense A. 4d]. ]

1944 View Fall Table of Contents 73/2 Jazz of This Quarter. Mr. Ulanov, anti-cultist, progressive jazz lover and critic, continues his quarterly department.

1947 Down Beat 13 Aug. 1/4 Stan Kenton next month returns to the band business... First recordings will be for an album to be titled Concert in Progressive Jazz.

1952 B. Ulanov Hist. Jazz in Amer. xiii. 141 The movement that is variously labeled ‘progressive’ or ‘modern’ or ‘new’ jazz is a New York movement.

1963 A. Baraka Blues People xii. 206 Not so strangely, the term progressive jazz , as it became more used in America, came vaguely to denote almost any jazz after swing except Dixieland.

1994 N. Baker Fermata v. 58 Sipping wine, with the radio playing some progressive jazz construct with the usual cleanly miked bongos and synthesized tribal flutes and pre-enjoyed Steely Dan chords.

progressive Jew n. (also with capital initial in the first element) an adherent or follower of progressive Judaism; (now) spec. a Reform Jew.

ΚΠ

1870 N.Y. Herald 27 Dec. 7/2 The now widespread tendency among progressive Jews to approximate Judaism..to certain forms of religious belief—Unitarianism for instance.

1930 Second Conf. World Union Progressive Judaism 136 Your Governing Body..has had requests from South Africa, Holland, Poland, Australia and Cuba, to help in organising groups of progressive Jews.

1991 B. E. Close Judaism i. 3 Many Progressive Jews no longer observe the dietary laws, because they believe that these were composed, not by God but by man, and for reasons which no longer have relevance.

progressive Judaism n. (also with capital initial in the first element) any non-Orthodox form of Judaism which reinterprets Jewish tradition in the light of contemporary ideas and values; (now) spec. = Reform Judaism n. at reform n.² and adj. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1870 N.Y. Herald 27 Dec. 7/1 (headline) Progressive Judaism and the changes it contemplates.

1926 N.Y. Times 14 July 11/1 The creation of a World Union for Progressive Judaism for the furtherance of Liberalism..was decided upon in one of a series of resolutions.

1986 N. de Lange Judaism ii. 31 Reform Judaism (also known as Liberal or Progressive Judaism)..strives, as its name suggests, to reform Judaism so as to bring it in line with modern ways of thought and life.

1997 Daily Tel. (Electronic ed.) 29 Mar. Homosexual ‘marriages’ are forbidden in both Orthodox and progressive Judaism.

progressive kiln n. a long kiln through which timber to be dried is slowly passed.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > kiln > [noun] > timber-drying kiln

progressive kiln1874

1874 Subject-matter Index Patents 1790–1873 (U.S. Patent Office) II. 799 Progressive kiln.

1920 A. L. Howard Man. Timbers of World 397 In all progressive kilns the timber is piled on trucks, and moved at regular intervals through zones of varying temperature and humidity.

1999 Timber Wood Products (Nexis) 1 May 26 All output is kilned via 32 compartments in eight progressive kilns.

Progressive Matrices n. Psychology = Raven's Progressive Matrices at Raven n.² 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > test of mental ability > [noun] > non-verbal

Progressive Matrices1939

Raven's Progressive Matrices Test1942

1939 Brit. Jrnl. Med. Psychol. 18 16 Progressive Matrices (Sets A, B, C, D and E 1938) obtainable from Messrs H. K. Lewis & Co.

1954 A. Anastasi Psychol. Testing x. 261 The Progressive Matrices Test, developed in England by Raven..should also be included... This test, designed as a measure of Spearman's g factor, requires primarily the eduction of relationships within abstract material.

1995 Sci. Amer. Nov. 10/3 Flynn has recently analyzed scores from Raven's Progressive Matrices, which is considered to be one of the least ‘culturally loaded’ IQ tests.

progressive-minded adj. having a progressive attitude or outlook.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > favouring

forward-looking1800

progressive1830

progressist1843

progressive-minded1854

progressionist1865

progressivist1919

forward-thinking1958

prog1958

out front1968

verlig1968

1854 U.S. Rev. Nov. 393 There is another feature in these..establishments which should endear them to all progressive-minded, liberal and philanthropic humanitarians.

1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill iii. 80 Progressive-minded farmers had..divided their flocks into three, allowing the tups to them at intervals.

1975 A. Bergman Hollywood & Le Vine v. 60 A bad time for progressive-minded people.

1997 New Yorker 29 Sept. 90/1 Radiohead also looks to progressive-minded bands of the late sixties and early seventies.

Progressive Party n. any of various political parties nominally focused on reform, as: (a) British the non-Labour group on the London County Council in the late 19th Cent.; (b) U.S. an offshoot of the Republican party that supported the presidential candidacy of Theodore Roosevelt in 1912; (c) U.S. a party that supported the presidential candidacy of Robert M. La Follette in 1924; (d) Canadian a liberal party active esp. in western Canada in the 1920s and 1930s; (e) U.S. a party that supported the presidential candidacy of Henry A. Wallace in 1948; (f) South African a party formed in 1959 and committed to non-racialism and an open society in South Africa (subsequently renamed several times).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > a party > [noun] > types of party generally (in various countries)

country party1648

war-party1798

Conservative Party1830

Progressive Party1830

national party1847

Labour Party1850

Nationalist Party1884

Social Credit1935

Third Force1936

third force1956

demandeur1966

People's Power1974

Green Party1977

1830 Times 18 Nov. 2/6 You are aware of the character and principles of the two parties amongst us, called the resisting and progressive parties.

1898 Ld. Rosebery Daily News 2 Mar. 4/6 One very simple demonstration of how carefully the Progressive party have cut themselves aloof from Imperial politics.

1912 Outlook 16 Nov. 567/1 There has been a perfectly natural growth and building up from the Progressive idea to the Progressive movement, and from the Progressive movement to the Progressive party.

1950 W. L. Morton (title) The Progressive Party in Canada.

1969 L. Marquard Peoples & Policies S. Afr. (ed. 4) xi. 258 The Progressive Party..advocates a common franchise.

1991 K. Maguire Politics in S. Afr. ii. 34 The Progressive Party was formed in 1959 as a breakaway group from the United Party.

1996 Washington Post 27 Oct. c7/3 The deep divisions that splintered the Democratic Party 48 years ago..led to the Dixiecrat candidacy of Strom Thurmond on the right and the Progressive Party candidacy of Henry Wallace on the left.

progressive proofs n. Printing proofs showing each of the component colours of a piece of colour printing successively superimposed.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > printed matter > [noun] > proof > colour-printing proof

progressive proofs1889

progressive1923

1889 Dict. National Biogr. at Finden, William A collection of progressive proofs of this engraving is in the print room at the British Museum.

1948 R. R. Karch Graphic Arts Procedures vii. 221 The two preceding pages show ‘progressive proofs’ and the final result of four-color process printing.

1992 Amer. Art 6 58 The bottom row, the progressive proofs, shows the accumulated layering of the states, one on top of the other, at each step of the print's development.

progressive rock n. Music. any of various innovative forms of rock music, esp. associated with the late 1960s and 1970s, typically featuring intricate (often classically influenced) musical motifs, prominent use of electronic instrumentation, extended compositions, self-consciously intellectual or poetic lyrics, and displays of musical virtuosity.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > pop music > [noun] > rock > types of

jazz-rock1915

rockabilly1956

rockaboogie1956

hard rock1959

folk-rock1963

soft rock1965

surf rock1965

acid rock1966

raga rock1966

progressive rock1968

Christian rock1969

cock rock1970

punk1970

punk rock1970

space rock1970

swamp rock1970

techno-rock1971

glitter rock1972

grunge1973

glam-rock1974

pub rock1974

alternative rock1975

dinosaur rock1975

prog rock1976

AOR1977

New Wave1977

pomp rock1978

prog1978

anarcho-punk1979

stadium rock1979

oi1981

alt-rock1982

noise1982

noise-rock1982

trash1983

mosh1985

emo-core1986

Goth1986

rawk1987

emo1988

grindcore1989

darkwave1990

queercore1991

lo-fi1993

dadrock1994

nu metal1995

1968 Chicago Tribune 28 Apr. x. 10/4 Billboard magazine calls it ‘progressive rock programming’. Record World calls it ‘alternative radio’.]

1968 N.Y. Times 4 Aug. d20/1 Much of what we cherished in progressive rock is musically advanced but emotionally barren. The indulgence of a new, cerebral audience has endangered that raw vitality which was once a hallmark of the rock experience.

1975 New Yorker 24 Mar. 6 Two progressive-rock bands..share the stage.

1993 Network June 9/2 Progressive rock and supergroup are labels that Asia's Geoff Downes can do without.

2000 M. Barrowcliffe Girlfriend 44 xii. 335 Emily, whose scientist friends played Dungeons and Dragons and would try to tell you how clever the lyrics were on progressive rock albums.

progressive scan n. Electronics = progressive scanning n.; (also) a scan made using progressive scanning.

ΚΠ

1982 K. R. Demke et al. U.S. Patent 4,314,244 7 The..CRT controller is also operative in the progressive scan mode.

1998 Wired July 56/2 These days, digital video cameras can isolate one clear image via a progressive scan mode.

2003 What Home Cinema Jan. 20/2 As the first CRT TV in the UK to boast progressive scan, it promises the very best in DVD images.

progressive scanning n. Electronics scanning in which all the constituent lines of a screen image are presented in a single sequence, in contrast to interlaced scanning; also called sequential scanning.

ΚΠ

1935 Proc. IRE 23 305 In progressive scanning each line flickers at the rate of once per frame.

1983 Financial Times (Nexis) 27 Sept. i. 10 The biggest improvements on the way include methods of high-speed progressive scanning.

2000 JazzTimes Mar. 49/1 Digital Television delivers a total of eighteen TV formats, half of which utilize progressive scanning and half use interlace scanning.

progressive tonality n. Music the technique of introducing key changes between keys which are not conventionally related to each other or to the home key, esp. so that a piece ends in a key other than the home key; the employment of this technique.

ΚΠ

1947 D. Newlin Bruckner, Mahler, Schoenberg ii. 186 In this symphony Mahler returns to the ideal of ‘progressive tonality’ which he had abandoned in the Sixth. The first movement itself progresses from B minor..to E major, while the brilliant Rondo–Finale..is in C major.

1999 W. A. Clark Isaac Albéniz vi. 204 The principal theme itself modulates to the parallel major in the coda at bar 524, and the piece ends in the tonality of A♭ major, a rare instance of ‘progressive’ tonality in his work.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	progressive
释义	progressiveadj.n. Brit. /prəˈɡrɛsɪv/, U.S. /prəˈɡrɛsɪv/, /proʊˈɡrɛsɪv/ Forms: late Middle English 1600s– progressive, 1500s progressyve (Scottish), 1500s–1600s progressiue. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French progressif; Latin progressivus. Etymology: < Middle French, French progressif that moves, that moves forward (c1372; also 14th cent. in sense ‘which makes (something) move’), that takes place in a regular and continuous manner (1763), that brings about or participates in progress (1770), (of a person, institution, etc.) that supports or is in favour of progress (1815; 1830 as noun in this sense) and its probable etymon post-classical Latin progressivus capable of or relating to forward motion, moving forwards (early 13th cent. in British sources; also in continental sources), (in astronomy) direct, prograde (14th cent., 1622 in British sources; also in continental sources) < classical Latin prōgress- , past participial stem of prōgredī to go forward, proceed, to advance, develop, progress (see progredient adj.) + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare Spanish progresivo (1494), Italian progressivo (a1406). Compare progression n., progress n. A. adj. 1. Of or relating to forward movement in space. a. Astronomy. = direct adj. 3, prograde adj. 1. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > [adjective] progressive?c1450 progressional1570 locomotive1612 onwardly1674 locomotory1824 translational1867 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > [adjective] progressive?c1450 progressional1570 advancing1575 forward1603 progredient1650 onward1674 processive1691 on-driving1884 propagating1971 ?c1450 (a1388) tr. Richard of Wallingford Exafrenon (Digby) in J. D. North Wks. Richard of Wallingford (1976) I. 213 (MED) A good shorte table for to knawe when all the planetis are stacionarye or retrograde or progressive. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 127 Thir [sc. the planets'] wandring course..Progressive, retrograde, or standing still. View more context for this quotation 1728 H. Pemberton View Sir I. Newton's Philos. 195 The moon..would..have partook of all the progressive motion of the earth. 1807 T. Young Course Lect. Nat. Philos. I. xlii. 503 The sun is accompanied in his progressive motion among the fixed stars by ten planetary bodies. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 54/1 This apparent motion is due to..the progressive motion of the observer with the earth, as it performs its yearly course about the sun. 1962 A. Helm tr. G. D. Roth System Minor Planets x. 85 So far all the known orbits are progressive, i.e. not retrogressive or retrograde. b. Of people, animals, etc., or their motion: characterized by or capable of forward movement, as by walking, flying, or swimming; (of an attribute or faculty) that enables such movement, locomotive. Now rare or merged in general sense at A. 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > [adjective] > specifically of animates progressive1535 locomotor1844 1535 Trevisa's Bartholomeus De Proprietatibus Rerum (rev. ed.) iii. xii. sig. L This vertue moeueth all the lymmes... For that that hit extendeth to the feete, and moueth them to walke, hit is called the vertue progressyue, goynge. 1599 T. Blundeville Art of Logike i. x. 28 Power sensitiue is eyther Comprehensiue..or motiue which is eyther Appetitiue..[or] progressiue, as to goe, to flie, to swym. a1621 A. Willet Hexapla in Genesin & Exodum (1633) xix. 183 The progressive faculty may be exercised in sleepe: as many walke, carry things from place to place, and doe such like things in their sleepe. 1664 H. Power Exper. Philos. i. 39 It is far more ingenious to believe it to be a gale of Animal Spirits, that, moving from her head along her back to her tail..is the cause of her [the snail's] progressive motion. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 34 Plants have no local or progressive Motion. 1791 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina 173 Their ascent so easy, as to be almost imperceptible to the progressive traveller. 1816 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 106 149 (title) Some account of the feet of those animals whose progressive motion can be carried on in opposition to gravity. 1881 Times 28 Jan. 3/4 In the nototheres and diprotodonts, progressive movement is performed in the ordinary four-footed fashion of the tapir and rhinoceros. c. gen. Of, relating to, or designating any forward movement; characterized by or exhibiting onward motion; advancing in space. ΚΠ a1628 N. Carpenter Geogr. Delineated (1635) iii. 69 A Progressiue motion, whereby the center..of the Inclinatory Needle is carryed forward. 1662 J. Graunt Nat. & Polit. Observ. Bills Mortality iii. 26 [We see] in the progressive motion of the wheels of Watches..that there is a little starting, or jerking backwards between every step forwards. 1694 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 67 A Temporaneous progressive motion of the parts of the Air at the rate of 276 Paces in a second Minute of time. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver II. iii. ii. 24 I was not in the least sensible of the progressive Motion made in the Air by the Island. 1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy V. i. 2 The London waggon..hung tottering upon the hill, scarce progressive, drag'd..up by eight heavy beasts. 1809 Ann. Reg. 1807 (Otridge ed.) Useful Proj. 856/1 With two distinct motions..a rotary round their own axis, and a progressive circumvolutionary on the ring. 1821 W. Scott Pirate II. i. 4 The story, like a horse on the grand pas, seemed to be advancing with rapidity, while, in reality, it scarce was progressive at the rate of a yard in the quarter of an hour. 1846 W. R. Grove On Correlation Physical Forces 23 From the manner in which the peculiar force called Electricity, is apparently transmitted through certain bodies..the term current is commonly used to denote its progressive direction. 1884 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 745 This motor is connected with the driving-wheels by gearing, belting, [etc.]..so that its revolution produces..a consequent progressive motion of the electric locomotive. 1918 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 4 292 Distinction should be made between solifluction which causes progressive motion of surface material.., and that which causes only circulatory movement. 1995 N. Hudson Soil Conservation (ed. 3) ii. 39 Frost heave and traction results in a progressive movement downhill in sloping ground. 2. Characterized by continuous progress or advancement. a. Of persons, communities, etc.: developing, changing, progressing; esp. advancing in or gaining some desirable attribute or quality; improving, or able to improve. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > specifically of persons or communities progressive1612 the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [adjective] > to a further or higher stage > specifically of persons progressive1612 1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 132 It is good for Princes, if they vse ambitious men, to handle it so, as they bestil progressive, and not retrograde... For if they rise not with their service, they will take order to make their service fal with them. 1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. lxxxix. 258 He is not truely penitent, that is not progressiue, in the Motion of aspiring goodnesse. 1766 M. A. P. Fauques Life Marchioness Pampadour II. (ed. 4) 159 As if that misuse [of human learning] was..as inseparable a consequence..as learning itself is from man considered as a progressive animal. 1795 T. Pownall Intellect. Physicks 157 Suppose the existence of man's nature to be progressive, and to have, in its present stage of existence, reference to some further progress. 1813 T. Busby in tr. Lucretius Nature of Things I. i. Comm. 17 A progressive, partially-potent, and finite being, like man. 1854 J. H. Newman Lect. Hist. Turks iv. ii. 228 Whatever be the natural excellences of the Turks, progressive they are not. 1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty iii. 127 A people..may be progressive for a certain length of time, and then stop. 1975 J. Plamenatz K. Marx's Philos. Man ii. 50 The doctrine asserts that men..acquire needs different in kind from those of other animals—the needs of a being that is essentially social and progressive in a way that they are not. 1997 Philos. & Phenomenological Res. 57 717 The exercise of those capacities for practical deliberation that mark us as responsible agents and progressive beings. b. Of circumstances, attributes, ideas, conditions, etc.: characterized by, relating to, or involving gradual change or advancement, esp. for the better; growing, increasing, developing; marked by continuous improvement.With sense ‘developing by gradual stages’ sometimes merging with A. 3a. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] progressional1570 progressivea1653 ascensive1806 get-on1853 the world > action or operation > continuing > progress, advance, or further continuance > [adjective] > to a further or higher stage upwarda1616 progressivea1653 unretrograde1798 a1653 H. Binning Serm. (1845) 235 The life as well as the light of the righteous is progressive. 1744 E. Young Complaint: Night the Seventh 5 Reason progressive, Instinct is complete. 1795 S. T. Coleridge Plot Discovered 9 Progressive reformation and ameliorated manners. 1859 C. Barker Devel. Associative Princ. ii. 45 During the fifteenth century commerce continued to be regularly and rapidly progressive. 1868 Trollope's Brit. Sports 217 The progressive improvement in yacht-building during the last twenty years. 1884 F. Temple Relations Relig. & Sci. (1885) vi. 182 He had to teach that the creation was not merely orderly, but progressive. 1920 T. S. Eliot Sacred Wood 73 Examination of the development of Elizabethan drama shows..a progressive refinement in the perception of the variations of feeling. 1992 P. W. Birnie & A. E. Boyle Internat. Law & Environment i. ii. 24 Thus a body of jurisprudence accumulates..and contributes to the progressive development of international law. c. Medicine. Of a disease or disease process: increasing in severity or extent over time. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > characteristics > [adjective] > other characteristics hoteOE redeOE foulOE elvishc1386 dryc1400 whitec1450 Naples1507 shaking1528 cold1569 exquisite1583 unpure1583 waterish1583 wandering1585 legitimate1615 sulphureous1625 tetrous1637 cagastrical1662 medical1676 ambulatory1684 ebullient1684 frantic1709 animated1721 progressive1736 cagastric1753 vegetative1803 left-handed1804 specific1804 subacute1811 animate1816 gregarious1822 vernal1822 ambilateral1824 subchronic1831 regressive1845 nummular1866 postoperative1872 ambulant1873 non-surgical1888 progredient1891 spodogenous1897 spodogenic19.. non-invasive1932 early-onset1951 adult-onset1957 non-specific1964 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. i. 25 Thinking, that a progressive Disease..will destroy those Powers. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View Nature IV. lxiii. 18 A progressive disease, when arrived to..that degree which is mortal, [etc.]. 1829 S. Cooper Good's Study Med. (ed. 3) III. 390 These symptoms are a progressive soreness and ulceration of the tonsils, uvula, palate, and tongue. 1877 tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. XVI. 647 In progressive pernicious anæmia unusual corpulence has been observed. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 695 Progressive dementia with general paralysis. 1922 Lancet 29 Apr. 849/2 This is an account of the disease known as progressive lenticular degeneration. 1971 Brit. Med. Bull. 27 55/2 Marked interference with function is usually found in those suffering from progressive massive fibrosis. 1989 E. S. Person Love & Fateful Encounters xiii. 945 When I was an adolescent, my father became ill with a disease that was progressive, and he died five years later. 2004 Connacht Tribune 4 June (Life section) 20/2 These can be symptoms of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD)—a progressive disease of the airways. d. Of a tax or taxation: increasing gradually according to ability to pay; increasing as a proportion of the sum taxed as that sum increases. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > taxation > [adjective] > types or schemes of taxation ad valorem1772 progressive1792 discriminative1797 indirect1801 progressional1883 degressive1886 regressive1888 soak-the-rich1935 wraparound1968 1792 T. Paine Rights of Man: Pt. Second v. 85 The following table of progressive taxation is constructed on the above principles, and as a substitute for the commutation tax. 1804 Ann. Rev. & Hist. Lit. 1803 2 318 Both these classes of revenue are admittedly progressive. 1821 C. R. Prinsep tr. J.-B. Say Treat. Polit. Econ. II. ii. viii. 362 I have no hesitation in saying, that taxation cannot be equitable, unless its ratio is progressive. 1886 Q. Jrnl. Econ. 1 93 The octroi..is even charged with being an inversely progressive tax, increasing for every class of tax-payers in the inverse ratio of their ability to pay. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 197/2 The question whether the burden of taxation should not be progressive—the proportion of the sum taken by the state from the tax-payers increasing with the wealth of the individual. 1978 Times 18 July 15/5 Progressive taxation is imposed in this country in order to moderate the unequal distribution of income. 2003 D. L. Scott Wall St. Words (ed. 3) 38 Bracket creep occurs because of the progressive nature of the federal income tax structure, that is, extra income is taxed at higher and higher rates. e. Grammar. Belonging to or denoting an aspect or tense of a verb that expresses an action in progress (e.g. am going, was going); = continuous adj. 2b. Cf. expanded adj. 2b. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > aspect > [adjective] > progressive progressive1871 continuous1887 durative1889 continuative1924 1871 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 1869–70 166 The auxiliary of the progressive present is de. 1886 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 7 354 A progressive form of the same tense is produced by the suffix dage or daka. 1932 Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. 31 252 The creation of the progressive form resulted from the desire to express the idea of progressive action, action going on: ‘He is writing a letter to his mother.’ 1959 Brno Stud. in Eng. 1 13 Mod E progressive tenses must be regarded as marked counterparts of the simple tenses. 1996 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Linguistics 62 292 The progressive aspect forms [of the verb]..are used for progressive movement in both present and past. f. Biology. Of a morphological feature: relatively advanced in evolutionary development; indicative of progress towards a later evolutionary stage.Now disused in Physical Anthropology. ΚΠ 1886 Amer. Naturalist 20 947 The progressive character of the French dentition in this respect is in broad contrast with the primitive character of that of Italians and Greeks. 1905 Science 23 June 961/1 Is this a primitive or a secondary character..? Secondly, is this a retrogressive or a progressive character? 1933 Jrnl. Mammalogy 14 139 The advances of H[eliscomys] gregoryi over H. vetus lie in the further development of the cingulum, and the more progressive character of the premolar. 1965 Jrnl. Paleontol. 39 450/2 In Proterocidaris and Pholidocidaris the ambulacra are greatly enlarged adorally, a progressive feature in the Echinocystidoida. 1992 Jrnl. Mammalogy 73 512/2 Phyletic phenocopies..showing atavistic and progressive characters should be eventually produced. 3. Proceeding by steps or stages. a. Of an event, process, action, etc.: advancing from one item in a series to the next; proceeding by stages or degrees; step by step. Also, of the stages in such a process: occurring one after another, successive. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > [adjective] > successive or following one after another successive?a1475 progressional1570 consecutive1611 sequenta1616 progressive1620 back-to-back1626 running1682 seriatim1813 straight1899 tandem1926 1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 178 Concerning progressiue suppartition of members [margin Diuiding of parts into parts]. 1647 T. Bedford Exam. Chief Points Antinomianism 32 There is a progressive work of Iustification, but the constant actings of the Spirit applying the Blood of Christ, by the hand of Faith, to the quiet and comfort of the soul. 1703 Virgil's 4th Eclogue 2 Behold the Mighty Months Progressive Shine. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 41. ⁋5 That the idea of the one was impressed at once, and continued through all the progressive descents of the species, without variation or improvement. 1786 T. Busby Compl. Dict. Music Progressive Notes, those notes which succeed each other, either in ascent or descent. 1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 3 502 The progressive stages of inflammation, maturation, and scabbing. 1858 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 17 June in French & Ital. Notebks. (1980) v. 322 Pictures, arranged..in a progressive series, with reference to the date of the painters. 1909 F. C. Conybeare Myth, Magic, & Morals xvii. 336 We hear proclaimed from many a pulpit a new and strange doctrine—that the Bible is the record of a progressive revelation. 1973 A. d'A. Bellairs & J. F. D. Frazer Smith's Brit. Amphibians & Reptiles (ed. 5) vi. 218 (caption) Evolution of the spectacle in lizards shewing progressive development of the ‘window’ in the lower eyelid. 1999 Rochester (N.Y.) Democrat & Chron. (Nexis) 3 July 1 b We'd supply long leashes and stake the goats to cover wide, overlapping circles, mowing down grass in progressive stages all around the house. b. Originally of certain card games, such as euchre or whist: involving the progress of some players from one group or table to the next after each round, according to specified rules. Also applied to other activities (as dancing, etc.) in which participants move from one place to another for each of several successive rounds or stages. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > [adjective] > progressive progressive1861 1861 N. Amer. Rev. July 91 He has no time and no interest to spare to tiddledy-winks and donkey parties, nor even for progressive euchre. 1875 W. B. Dick Amer. Hoyle (ed. 10) 56 There is another variety to be met with occasionally, which may be styled ‘Progressive Jack-Pots’. 1886 I. M. Rittenhouse Maud (1939) 366 So we had a jolly little time, playing progressive eucher, and indulging in some music. 1906 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 1 Jan. 15/1 Mrs. Piggott entertained a number of her lady friends..progressive five hundred being the amusement. 1963 M. Kendon Ladies College, Goudhurst 20 In 1905 the girls were asked..for an evening of Progressive games. 1983 New Oxf. Compan. Music i. 173/2 With the revival of old-time dances it became a ‘progressive’ dance with a change of partners included. 1992 J. Dominguez & V. Robin Your Money or your Life vi. 204 Have a progressive dinner party... Start at one person's house with appetizers, go to the next person's house for soup and keep on moving from house to house for each successive course. 2000 Canberra Sunday Times 11 June 30/4 Working out the timing of the songs to make sure they ended up with the right boy at the end of the Progressive Barn Dance. c. Phonetics. Involving the modification or harmonization of a sound by or with one closely preceding it. Usually in progressive assimilation (opposed to regressive assimilation n. at regressive adj. 4). ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > sound changes > [noun] > assimilation accommodation1841 assimilation1850 regressive assimilation?1862 progressive assimilation1872 reciprocal assimilation1885 1872 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 10 456 Progressive assimilation reduces the form -ańk to -ańń. 1892 Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. 7 116 This ie has been reduced to i through progressive assimilation of the e to the i. 1915 G. Noël-Armfield Gen. Phonetics ix. 32 If the first sound carries its influence forward the assimilation is said to be progressive. 1964 C. Barber Ling. Change Present-day Eng. iii. 63 A historical example of progressive assimilation is seen in words like watch.., where the rounded vowel..is the result of the influence of the preceding w. 1999 R. Sampson Nasal Vowel Evol. in Romance i. 26 In the history of Romance at least, vowel nasalization by progressive assimilation occurs a good deal less frequently than with the regressive type. 4. Favouring or characterized by innovation or reform. a. Characterized by change, innovation, or experiment, or by enthusiasm for or advocacy of this; advanced, innovative, avant-garde. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > absence of prejudice > [adjective] unpossesseda1586 affectionless1595 respectless1598 unprejudicating1602 spacious1609 unprejudicate1609 unprejudicated1609 undifferencing?1624 unprepossessed1629 imprejudicate1640 unprejudiced1641 unprejudicial1641 unpreoccupated1641 unsuperstitious1652 moderate1654 unforestalled1657 unengaged1659 equipondious1661 uncaptivated1678 unbiased1686 unbigoted1711 Whiggish1715 open-minded1748 progressive1780 liberal1781 prejudiceless1830 broad1832 great-eyed1850 synoptic1852 undogmatic1857 undogmatical1863 superstitionless1879 race-blind1900 personless1932 verlig1968 the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > favouring > characterized by progressive1780 1780 L. Tomlinson Mr. E— B—'s Answer own Speech 27 To digest and carry into execution so complicated and progressive a system of reform, is not the work of one man. 1847 Debow's Rev. Mar. 245 Dialogue between a planter of the old, and a planter of the new and progressive school of husbandry. 1858 Philadelphia Press 24 July America is a dashing, go-ahead, and highly progressive country. 1908 H. G. Wells War in Air ii. 35 It was always a very rhetorical and often trying affair, but in these progressive times you have to make a noise to get a living. 1953 M. McCarthy Groves of Academe i. 4 In a progressive community where the casserole and the cocktail and the disposable diaper reigned. 1974 Howard Jrnl. 14 99 The Rev. W. D. Morrison, whose outspoken views in the 1890s led to the most progressive document on prison reform since the writing of John Howard himself. 1983 B. Emecheta Rape of Shavi (1985) xvi. 132 She regarded herself as a modern progressive doctor. 2005 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 1 Nov. 79 In the 1840s and 1850s, Adelaide was home to the most progressive arts scene in Australia. b. Of an individual, policy, or party: advocating or working towards change or reform in society, esp. in political or religious matters; committed to progress, forward-looking. With capital initial: of or relating to a Progressive Party (Progressive Party n. at Compounds).Applied at different times and in different places to various political groups committed to progress or reform: see Progressive Party n. at Compounds. In the United States now often used as a self-designation by people on the left to avoid the term liberal. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > favouring forward-looking1800 progressive1830 progressist1843 progressive-minded1854 progressionist1865 progressivist1919 forward-thinking1958 prog1958 out front1968 verlig1968 society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > a party > [adjective] > types of party generally patrician1813 national1828 progressive1830 progressist1843 conservative1845 republican1873 nationalist1884 mobilist1966 green1973 society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [adjective] > other political theories or doctrines radical1783 progressive1830 progressist1843 abstentionist1857 restrictionist1858 communalist1871 mutualistic1874 militant1876 possibilist1881 productivist1892 radical feminist1905 rejectionist1909 minimalist1917 pan-Asian1917 maximalist1918 one-world1919 Eurasian1922 gradualistic1926 Europasian1928 gradualist1931 social revolutionary1931 renovationist1934 restrictivist1936 identitarian1943 cultural Marxist1949 1830 Times 18 Nov. 2/6 The Ministers..find themselves every instant compromised by their progressive allies whose support they expected. 1844 Sandusky (Ohio) Clarion 17 Aug. Below is a specimen of progressive Democracy, which is new in this country. 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby III. vi. iii. 30 Odious distinctions were not drawn between Finality men and progressive Reformers. 1855 N.Y. Weekly Tribune 28 Apr. 4/6 The Pennsylvania Yearly Meeting of Progressive Friends..is to convene..on Sunday, May 20. 1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 8 Jan. 8/1 The Progressive Brahmans, or, as they call their church, the ‘Brahma Somaj of India’. 1889 Pall Mall Gaz. 30 Jan. 2/2 From the point of view of the Progressive majority, this is the only way to make the seat secure. 1904 Old Dartmouth Hist. Coll. No.8, 16/2 These Hicksites are called Progressive Quakers. 1954 Sun (Baltimore) 9 Dec. 1/1 President Eisenhower..asserted his leadership of the Republican party as a party of ‘progressive moderates’. 1969 A. G. Frank Lat. Amer. xxii. 269 Concerned and progressive people everywhere scrutinize these..laws, and often criticize them. 1971 Progress (Cape Town) May 5/4 There had been talk of a split for a long time; the Press had even coined the term the ‘Progressive Group’ of the United Party. 2005 Nation 15 Aug. 18/1 Yes, of course, he'd like the Democratic Party to be more progressive and for third parties to develop the capacity to pull the political process to the left. c. Education. Of a school, teaching method, educational system, etc.: relating to or advocating educational reform; (in later use) spec. rejecting the formalism of traditional methods of education and aiming to develop the individual, rather than to achieve standardized results; liberal.In the U.S. applied esp. to the child-centred educational practices arising from the theories of John Dewey (1859–1952), American philosopher and educationist, and his followers of the Progressive Education Association (formed in 1919), who maintained that children learn best by practical problem-solving rather than in formal teaching situations. ΘΚΠ society > education > [adjective] > system of education Lancasterian1807 heuristical1819 Pestalozzian1826 heuristic1844 progressive1860 Philanthropinist1864 Chautauqua1873 Froebelian1873 Fröbel1875 co-educational1881 extramural1884 Arnoldian1888 co-ed1889 Montessori1912 Montessorian1912 work–study1924 essentialist1938 bilateral1947 Piagetian1960 open-ended1961 home-schooling1963 Nuffield1964 binary1965 1835 tr. A. Necker de Saussure (title) Progressive education [Fr. L'éducation progressive], commencing with the infant.] 1860 Massachusetts Teacher Aug. 312 It is believed by many, that the Teachers' Institutes, now sustained by law, have, in a great measure, failed to meet the wants of progressive education. 1883 Davenport (Iowa) Daily Gaz. 2 June 4/3 Evidently, President Folsom, as a sagacious and progressive educator, sees plainly the necessities of the hour. 1910 G. K. Chesterton George Bernard Shaw 185 Shaw has always made this one immense mistake (arising out of that bad progressive education of his), the mistake of treating convention as a dead thing. 1924 Progressive Educ. Apr. 3 The Progressive Schools are increasing rapidly. 1946 E. Hodgins Mr. Blandings builds his Dream House (1947) 22 The creative, anarchistic, and sexual freedoms of a progressive school. 1959 Listener 5 Feb. 244/1 A man who tries to exercise authority in the manner of a sergeant-major will get short shrift in a progressive school. 1967 Guardian 14 Oct. 8/4 The Progressive Education Association founded..in 1915, had done its work so well that it was dissolved in 1955. 1976 Listener 29 Apr. 526/1 Anxious children did particularly poorly in a progressive classroom. 2000 Daily Tel. 24 July 20/3 Left-wing Labourites, traditionally the high priests of ‘progressive’ education, can now be found complaining about airy-fairy teaching methods that betray the aspirations of working-class children. d. Music. Of music: experimental, innovative; avant-garde, modern. Cf. prog adj. 2.Frequently with reference to any of several distinct musical developments. Recorded earliest in progressive jazz n. at Compounds; cf. also progressive rock n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > [adjective] > style of composition grandc1666 romantic1836 routinier1837 parodistic1845 rococo1868 virtuose1873 virtuosic1879 galant1884 polymorphous1890 monothematic1894 rococo1904 impressionistic1908 salon1914 gallant1925 athematic1935 non-thematic1946 minimalistic1947 stochastic1958 progressive1963 minimal1968 post-minimal1971 minimalist1977 1921 Bradford (Pa.) Era 8 June 1/4 (advt.) The Colored Wonder's Progressive Jazz Orchestra at Rock City Park Sunday afternoon. 1935 Atlanta Daily World 16 June 3/7 The distinctive music of J. Neil Montgomery and his progressive jazz orchestra went into ecstasies for a spontaneously jovial dance throng. 1945 Billboard 27 Oct. 20/3 A guy like Alan Courtney..leans quite a bit on so-called progressive jump and jive. 1959 ‘F. Newton’ Jazz Scene vi. 117 Leading ‘progressive’ players like the pianist Lennie Tristano. 1963 R. I. McDavid & D. W. Maurer Mencken's Amer. Lang. (new ed.) 744 It [sc. funk] also designates progressive bop containing a strong blues element which marks its Negro origin. 1970 E. Lee Music of People vii. 147 A new style has arisen, usually called ‘progressive pop’, which is of such musicality that it has been heralded by some critics as a new form of art music. 1987 New Yorker 20 July 84/2 A latter-day permutation of bluegrass, called progressive bluegrass—an overlapping term is ‘newgrass’—updates the music. 2001 Boston Globe (Nexis) 12 Aug. l1 It was a fun club—with some progressive reggae blended with the house music. B. n. 1. a. A person holding progressive, avant-garde, or liberal views; an advocate or supporter of social, religious, or political progress or reform, or of change within or to a particular political system; a member or supporter of a Progressive Party (see Progressive Party n. at Compounds). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [noun] > sympathy with or principles of > one who progressist1844 progressive1844 progressionist1849 progressivist1874 prog1959 verligte1967 society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [noun] > other political theories or doctrines > adherents of quietist1783 restrictionist1812 progressist1844 abstentionist1857 progressive1884 productivist1892 white supremacist1896 restrictivist1899 minimalist1906 renovationist1920 Eurasian1922 communalist1927 Europasian1928 cultural Marxist1998 society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > a party > [noun] > types of party generally (in various countries) > members of national1792 social democrat1848 Labourist1884 Labourite1887 progressist1890 progressive1892 greens1978 1844 Ohio Repository 3 Oct. 2/6 The ‘progressives’ have a great dread of gag-laws. 1847 Semi-Weekly News (Fredericksburgh, Va.) 21 Oct. 2/2 The Barnburners are the progressives, the radicals. 1852 Mrs P. Sinnett tr. E. R. Huc Trav. xv. 234 The caravan became henceforth divided between the party of movement and that of resistance—the progressives and the stationaries. 1866 H. Bushnell Vicarious Sacrifice iii. v. 333 The disappointment I may inflict on certain progressives, or disciples of the new gospel. 1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 8 Jan. 8/1 Henceforth the two parties of the Brahmans were known as the Conservatives and the Progressives. 1892 Ld. Rosebery in Daily News 2 Mar. 2/6 I meant that there were Progressives who are not Liberals, but that I think there are no Liberals who are not Progressives. 1898 Westm. Gaz. 19 Nov. 2/2 The Cape will shortly be polled again, and it seems..that the result will be to give the Progressives a very small majority. 1921 J. R. Hornady Bk. of Birmingham ii. 27 In the North we divide; there you will find Republicans, Democrats, Progressives, Independents, and so forth. 1940 ‘G. Orwell’ Inside Whale 176 There are the ‘progressives’, the yea-sayers, the Shaw-Wells type, always leaping forward to embrace the ego-projections which they mistake for the future. 1961 A. Hosain Sunlight on Broken Column iii. x. 226 Progressives accused her mother of being a capitalist and a communal reactionary, and religious fanatics attacked her for being out of purdah and addicted to immoral Western ways. 1970 Cape Times 28 Oct. 1/1 The United Party has been a bit bitter about the Progressives, believing that they should not exist. 1994 Guardian 18 June 32/3 Cardinals Ratzinger and Martini (commonly regarded by progressives as respectively the bogeyman and the hero among the Cardinals). 2001 S. Johnson Emergence vi. 225 To some older progressives, steeped in the more hierarchical tradition of past labor movements, those diverse ‘affinity groups’ seemed hopelessly scattered and unfocused. b. An advocate or practitioner of ‘progressive’ educational methods (see sense A. 4c). ΘΚΠ society > education > [noun] > systematic education > systems of > advocates of Philanthropinist1842 examinationist1856 modernist1856 Pestalozzian1859 secularist1872 Froebelian1873 modernizer1889 universitarianism1889 Arnoldian1904 anthroposophist1916 co-educator1920 progressive1930 Montessorian1934 outward-bounder1961 1930 J. M. Dorey in Christian Sci. Monitor 1 Apr. 10/2 One does not have to be a ‘Progressive’ to know that ‘learning progresses most rapidly when the results of the effort of learning are satisfying to the learner.’ 1936 H. G. Wells Anat. Frustration viii. 73 The ‘natural virtue’ schools of such educational ‘progressives’ as Neill and his associates. 1944 H. Croome You've gone Astray xvi. 168 You may know the true progressive..by the fact that he calls children not boys and girls, but ‘kids’. 1976 Times 26 Apr. 13/3 In the past the debate between traditionalists and progressives in education has often taken place on the abstruse and abstract plane of educational philosophy. 1990 J. Solomon Green Parenting vii. 108 However hard teachers may try to allow direct experience, which the so-called progressives do, this fact cannot be avoided. 2. Grammar. A form of a verb, etc., indicative of ongoing action: see sense A. 2e. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > aspect > [noun] > other specific aspects infectum1833 iterative1853 permansive1872 resultative1902 progressive1906 egressive1914 terminate1931 1906 Classical Philol. 1 365 The term ‘descriptive’ imperfect would be justified only in case we could distinguish from the simple progressives those cases in which the tense is used purely for graphic presentation of actions which might more naturally have been indicated by the perfect. 1940 PMLA 55 858 Compound predicates consisting of one auxiliary and two or more participles I counted as separate verbs. I included elliptical progressives. 1978 Language 54 418 Half of his discussion of imperfectivity (32–40) is devoted largely to an examination of the English progressive in which it is clear that he is arguing from form to meaning, rather than the reverse. 1991 Jrnl. Semantics 8 329 Progressives indicate a stative interval because the action described by a progressive precedes speech time, carries on through speech time, and continues afterward. 3. Printing. In plural = progressive proofs n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printed matter > [noun] > proof > colour-printing proof progressive proofs1889 progressive1923 1923 H. A. Maddox Printing x. 125 A final set of colour proofs (progressives) is prepared for the guidance of the printer. 1932 J. A. Place & E. Clunes Letterpress Printing xiv. 247 Block-Maker's Progressive Proofs. The colour sheets of ‘progressives’ provided by the process block-maker must be followed with absolute exactitude. 1987 Stamps Feb. 67/3 There are all manner of working proof and progressives of the engravings of various Royal head dies. 2005 Printing World (Nexis) 17 Mar. 32 Certain workflows will deliver separated files to allow the customer to check progressives. Compounds progressive house n. (more fully progressive house music) a form of electronic dance music which typically seeks to avoid the more predictable or clichéd aspects of mainstream house music. ΚΠ 1991 Chicago Tribune 19 Mar. v. 2/1 It ‘features a musical mix of industrial wave and progressive house music’. The reporter reminded himself to ask about this musical mix. 1992 Mixmag June 20 Progressive House we'll call it... The style is a music that builds on layers of percussion, that loops simple, funky riffs over and over. 1999 M. Silcott Rave Amer. v. 134 They also began to uphold ‘classy’ or ‘intelligent’ forms of house and techno. The most notorious of these ‘higher’ genres was progressive house. progressive jazz n. Music an innovative form of jazz growing out of the orchestral jazz and swing of the 1930s and 1940s; (also) = modern jazz n. at modern adj. and n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > jazz > [noun] > types of rooty-toot1852 soul music1920 Chicago1923 gutbucket1925 symphonic jazz1926 Dixieland1927 jive1928 white jazz1931 Harlem1934 jump1937 New Orleans1938 free jazz1941 progressive jazz1944 bebop1945 gypsy swing1945 modern jazz1946 bop1948 new jazz1949 cool1952 Afro-jazz1954 funk1954 gypsy jazz1955 trad jazz1955 trad1956 whorehouse music1956 new thing1962 fusion1965 [1921Progressive Jazz Orchestra [see sense A. 4d]. ] 1944 View Fall Table of Contents 73/2 Jazz of This Quarter. Mr. Ulanov, anti-cultist, progressive jazz lover and critic, continues his quarterly department. 1947 Down Beat 13 Aug. 1/4 Stan Kenton next month returns to the band business... First recordings will be for an album to be titled Concert in Progressive Jazz. 1952 B. Ulanov Hist. Jazz in Amer. xiii. 141 The movement that is variously labeled ‘progressive’ or ‘modern’ or ‘new’ jazz is a New York movement. 1963 A. Baraka Blues People xii. 206 Not so strangely, the term progressive jazz , as it became more used in America, came vaguely to denote almost any jazz after swing except Dixieland. 1994 N. Baker Fermata v. 58 Sipping wine, with the radio playing some progressive jazz construct with the usual cleanly miked bongos and synthesized tribal flutes and pre-enjoyed Steely Dan chords. progressive Jew n. (also with capital initial in the first element) an adherent or follower of progressive Judaism; (now) spec. a Reform Jew. ΚΠ 1870 N.Y. Herald 27 Dec. 7/2 The now widespread tendency among progressive Jews to approximate Judaism..to certain forms of religious belief—Unitarianism for instance. 1930 Second Conf. World Union Progressive Judaism 136 Your Governing Body..has had requests from South Africa, Holland, Poland, Australia and Cuba, to help in organising groups of progressive Jews. 1991 B. E. Close Judaism i. 3 Many Progressive Jews no longer observe the dietary laws, because they believe that these were composed, not by God but by man, and for reasons which no longer have relevance. progressive Judaism n. (also with capital initial in the first element) any non-Orthodox form of Judaism which reinterprets Jewish tradition in the light of contemporary ideas and values; (now) spec. = Reform Judaism n. at reform n.² and adj. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1870 N.Y. Herald 27 Dec. 7/1 (headline) Progressive Judaism and the changes it contemplates. 1926 N.Y. Times 14 July 11/1 The creation of a World Union for Progressive Judaism for the furtherance of Liberalism..was decided upon in one of a series of resolutions. 1986 N. de Lange Judaism ii. 31 Reform Judaism (also known as Liberal or Progressive Judaism)..strives, as its name suggests, to reform Judaism so as to bring it in line with modern ways of thought and life. 1997 Daily Tel. (Electronic ed.) 29 Mar. Homosexual ‘marriages’ are forbidden in both Orthodox and progressive Judaism. progressive kiln n. a long kiln through which timber to be dried is slowly passed. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > kiln > [noun] > timber-drying kiln progressive kiln1874 1874 Subject-matter Index Patents 1790–1873 (U.S. Patent Office) II. 799 Progressive kiln. 1920 A. L. Howard Man. Timbers of World 397 In all progressive kilns the timber is piled on trucks, and moved at regular intervals through zones of varying temperature and humidity. 1999 Timber Wood Products (Nexis) 1 May 26 All output is kilned via 32 compartments in eight progressive kilns. Progressive Matrices n. Psychology = Raven's Progressive Matrices at Raven n.² 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > test of mental ability > [noun] > non-verbal Progressive Matrices1939 Raven's Progressive Matrices Test1942 1939 Brit. Jrnl. Med. Psychol. 18 16 Progressive Matrices (Sets A, B, C, D and E 1938) obtainable from Messrs H. K. Lewis & Co. 1954 A. Anastasi Psychol. Testing x. 261 The Progressive Matrices Test, developed in England by Raven..should also be included... This test, designed as a measure of Spearman's g factor, requires primarily the eduction of relationships within abstract material. 1995 Sci. Amer. Nov. 10/3 Flynn has recently analyzed scores from Raven's Progressive Matrices, which is considered to be one of the least ‘culturally loaded’ IQ tests. progressive-minded adj. having a progressive attitude or outlook. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > [adjective] > favouring forward-looking1800 progressive1830 progressist1843 progressive-minded1854 progressionist1865 progressivist1919 forward-thinking1958 prog1958 out front1968 verlig1968 1854 U.S. Rev. Nov. 393 There is another feature in these..establishments which should endear them to all progressive-minded, liberal and philanthropic humanitarians. 1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill iii. 80 Progressive-minded farmers had..divided their flocks into three, allowing the tups to them at intervals. 1975 A. Bergman Hollywood & Le Vine v. 60 A bad time for progressive-minded people. 1997 New Yorker 29 Sept. 90/1 Radiohead also looks to progressive-minded bands of the late sixties and early seventies. Progressive Party n. any of various political parties nominally focused on reform, as: (a) British the non-Labour group on the London County Council in the late 19th Cent.; (b) U.S. an offshoot of the Republican party that supported the presidential candidacy of Theodore Roosevelt in 1912; (c) U.S. a party that supported the presidential candidacy of Robert M. La Follette in 1924; (d) Canadian a liberal party active esp. in western Canada in the 1920s and 1930s; (e) U.S. a party that supported the presidential candidacy of Henry A. Wallace in 1948; (f) South African a party formed in 1959 and committed to non-racialism and an open society in South Africa (subsequently renamed several times). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > party politics > a party > [noun] > types of party generally (in various countries) country party1648 war-party1798 Conservative Party1830 Progressive Party1830 national party1847 Labour Party1850 Nationalist Party1884 Social Credit1935 Third Force1936 third force1956 demandeur1966 People's Power1974 Green Party1977 1830 Times 18 Nov. 2/6 You are aware of the character and principles of the two parties amongst us, called the resisting and progressive parties. 1898 Ld. Rosebery Daily News 2 Mar. 4/6 One very simple demonstration of how carefully the Progressive party have cut themselves aloof from Imperial politics. 1912 Outlook 16 Nov. 567/1 There has been a perfectly natural growth and building up from the Progressive idea to the Progressive movement, and from the Progressive movement to the Progressive party. 1950 W. L. Morton (title) The Progressive Party in Canada. 1969 L. Marquard Peoples & Policies S. Afr. (ed. 4) xi. 258 The Progressive Party..advocates a common franchise. 1991 K. Maguire Politics in S. Afr. ii. 34 The Progressive Party was formed in 1959 as a breakaway group from the United Party. 1996 Washington Post 27 Oct. c7/3 The deep divisions that splintered the Democratic Party 48 years ago..led to the Dixiecrat candidacy of Strom Thurmond on the right and the Progressive Party candidacy of Henry Wallace on the left. progressive proofs n. Printing proofs showing each of the component colours of a piece of colour printing successively superimposed. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > printed matter > [noun] > proof > colour-printing proof progressive proofs1889 progressive1923 1889 Dict. National Biogr. at Finden, William A collection of progressive proofs of this engraving is in the print room at the British Museum. 1948 R. R. Karch Graphic Arts Procedures vii. 221 The two preceding pages show ‘progressive proofs’ and the final result of four-color process printing. 1992 Amer. Art 6 58 The bottom row, the progressive proofs, shows the accumulated layering of the states, one on top of the other, at each step of the print's development. progressive rock n. Music. any of various innovative forms of rock music, esp. associated with the late 1960s and 1970s, typically featuring intricate (often classically influenced) musical motifs, prominent use of electronic instrumentation, extended compositions, self-consciously intellectual or poetic lyrics, and displays of musical virtuosity. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > pop music > [noun] > rock > types of jazz-rock1915 rockabilly1956 rockaboogie1956 hard rock1959 folk-rock1963 soft rock1965 surf rock1965 acid rock1966 raga rock1966 progressive rock1968 Christian rock1969 cock rock1970 punk1970 punk rock1970 space rock1970 swamp rock1970 techno-rock1971 glitter rock1972 grunge1973 glam-rock1974 pub rock1974 alternative rock1975 dinosaur rock1975 prog rock1976 AOR1977 New Wave1977 pomp rock1978 prog1978 anarcho-punk1979 stadium rock1979 oi1981 alt-rock1982 noise1982 noise-rock1982 trash1983 mosh1985 emo-core1986 Goth1986 rawk1987 emo1988 grindcore1989 darkwave1990 queercore1991 lo-fi1993 dadrock1994 nu metal1995 1968 Chicago Tribune 28 Apr. x. 10/4 Billboard magazine calls it ‘progressive rock programming’. Record World calls it ‘alternative radio’.] 1968 N.Y. Times 4 Aug. d20/1 Much of what we cherished in progressive rock is musically advanced but emotionally barren. The indulgence of a new, cerebral audience has endangered that raw vitality which was once a hallmark of the rock experience. 1975 New Yorker 24 Mar. 6 Two progressive-rock bands..share the stage. 1993 Network June 9/2 Progressive rock and supergroup are labels that Asia's Geoff Downes can do without. 2000 M. Barrowcliffe Girlfriend 44 xii. 335 Emily, whose scientist friends played Dungeons and Dragons and would try to tell you how clever the lyrics were on progressive rock albums. progressive scan n. Electronics = progressive scanning n.; (also) a scan made using progressive scanning. ΚΠ 1982 K. R. Demke et al. U.S. Patent 4,314,244 7 The..CRT controller is also operative in the progressive scan mode. 1998 Wired July 56/2 These days, digital video cameras can isolate one clear image via a progressive scan mode. 2003 What Home Cinema Jan. 20/2 As the first CRT TV in the UK to boast progressive scan, it promises the very best in DVD images. progressive scanning n. Electronics scanning in which all the constituent lines of a screen image are presented in a single sequence, in contrast to interlaced scanning; also called sequential scanning. ΚΠ 1935 Proc. IRE 23 305 In progressive scanning each line flickers at the rate of once per frame. 1983 Financial Times (Nexis) 27 Sept. i. 10 The biggest improvements on the way include methods of high-speed progressive scanning. 2000 JazzTimes Mar. 49/1 Digital Television delivers a total of eighteen TV formats, half of which utilize progressive scanning and half use interlace scanning. progressive tonality n. Music the technique of introducing key changes between keys which are not conventionally related to each other or to the home key, esp. so that a piece ends in a key other than the home key; the employment of this technique. ΚΠ 1947 D. Newlin Bruckner, Mahler, Schoenberg ii. 186 In this symphony Mahler returns to the ideal of ‘progressive tonality’ which he had abandoned in the Sixth. The first movement itself progresses from B minor..to E major, while the brilliant Rondo–Finale..is in C major. 1999 W. A. Clark Isaac Albéniz vi. 204 The principal theme itself modulates to the parallel major in the coda at bar 524, and the piece ends in the tonality of A♭ major, a rare instance of ‘progressive’ tonality in his work. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.?c1450
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