单词 | properly |
释义 | properlyadv. 1. Correctly, rightly, duly; in an appropriate or suitable manner; respectably, with propriety or decency. ΘΚΠ society > morality > dueness or propriety > [adverb] rightlyeOE arightc970 rightOE properly?c1225 goodc1275 rightfully1340 truly1340 tallya1375 featlya1400 rekenlyc1400 communablya1425 fitc1440 accordantlyc1443 accordinglyc1443 justilyc1450 seemingly1483 fitlyc1550 conveniently1569 arightly1588 legitimately1593 fittinglya1643 legitimously1657 honest-like1807 the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > suitability or appropriateness > [adverb] > fittingly or properly welleOE fairOE meetlyOE rightOE worthlylOE haghelyc1175 worthilyc1175 becomelyc1200 properly?c1225 i-semelichec1275 thriftilyc1374 duly1382 sittinglyc1390 justlyc1392 rightfula1400 goodlyc1400 hemelyc1400 meeta1450 statelya1450 ensuingly?1518 handsomely1525 worshipfully1532 decently1552 due1581 meeterly1589 fairly1600 beseemingly1611 dightly1616 becomingly1624 befittingly1638 fittinglya1643 condecently1656 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > [adverb] > with propriety comelyOE seemlyc1320 menskfullya1375 tallya1375 comelilyc1400 comelywise1440 decently1552 decent1716 decorously1808 properly1811 wise-like1822 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 78 Lokið hu propreliche þe lauedi in canticis..leareð ow bi hire saȝe hu ȝe schule seggen. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 672 (MED) He wend to haue lauȝt þat ladi loueli in armes, & clipte to him a pulwere & propirly it gretes, and welcomes hir worþli..þat puluere clept he certeisly & kust it ful ofte. c1480 (a1400) SS. Simon & Jude 69 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 210 He send til hyme þane a paynteore..to paynt his fygur propirly. a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 86 (MED) Thei wist not propirly to whom thei shulde or ought to do the perfeccion of this honoure which longith to the deite. ?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. b2v Marke..how properlye that substancyall reason wherwith they go aboute to stablish purgatorye concludeth. 1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 372 Those famous sheep called Pacos which serve as properly for carriage as horses. 1724 J. Henley et al. tr. Pliny the Younger Epist. & Panegyrick I. vi. xxx. 312 You very properly think of Rufus, for he was an Acquaintance of your Son. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. viii. 95 Law can never regulate them [sc. wages] properly . View more context for this quotation 1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude III. xlviii. 73 He took leave affectionately and yet properly. 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxiii. 71 Take the horse back, and clean him properly. 1868 J. N. Lockyer Elem. Lessons Astron. (1879) vi. xxxvii. 219 If the object-glass does not perform its part properly. 1908 E. M. Forster Room with View ii. 35 Built by faith indeed! That simply means the workmen weren't paid properly. 1964 J. Mitchell White Father x. 227 She nodded and said I was to tell you she hoped you were keeping well and eating properly. 1983 M. Roberts Visitation i. ii. 11 Her eyes so swollen with crying that she cannot see properly where she is going. 1990 A. Beevor Inside Brit. Army ii. 15 Their own sergeant..is their parent for the duration since he's the one who has to get them up, make sure they're properly dressed and off to school on time. 2006 Miami Herald (Nexis) 26 Feb. d1 Several U.S. Olympians on hand for a wrap-up news conference spoke of their obligation to behave properly on and off the field of play. a. In itself, intrinsically, essentially; in one's own person, for oneself; as one's own, as private property; privately. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > owning > [adverb] > as private property properly1340 in proper1391 the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > [adverb] > innately or naturally i-cundelyeOE through kindc1225 proprementc1230 kindlya1250 naturallyc1275 kinda1325 by kindc1325 of kindc1325 in kind1340 properly1340 voluntarily1562 natively1590 alliably1593 physically1629 innately1632 natural1793 congenitally1862 connately1884 the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [adverb] > for or as oneself personallya1325 properly1340 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 25 (MED) He..deþ his guodes naȝt uor god properliche ac uor þe wordle. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) Prol. 947 (MED) Gregoire..Seith that a man in special The lasse world is properly. ?c1430 (c1400) Rule St. Francis (Corpus Cambr.) in F. D. Matthew Eng. Wks. Wyclif (1880) 49 Þei han grete housis proprid to hem self..& myche hid tresour..& þis tresour is kept proprely to idel men or fendis. a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 4294 (MED) And if he loueþ one hertily Þat is noght his owne propurly, He trauailleþ in ielousie Of brennyng herte and grete folie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. ii. 84 My affaires Are Seruanted to others: Though I owe My Reuenge properly, my remission lies In Volcean brests. View more context for this quotation 1678 R. Cudworth tr. Simplicius in True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iii. 170 The whole World or Heaven..is moved properly by Soul. a1686 J. Turner Mem. (1829) 150 That not any thing belongd properlie to myselfe, sould be imbecelled. b. By itself; by themselves; individually, distinctly. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [adverb] > individually (not collectively) sunderlyeOE sundryOE sundrilyOE sunderlepesOE serelepesc1175 serelya1375 severinglya1390 sunderlingc1390 properlya1393 serea1400 severally1399 departinglya1425 diviselyc1449 severately1470 sunderwisea1550 separately1552 disjunctively1590 semovedly1593 distributively1597 particular1599 dividedly1607 dividually1631 separatively1789 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 1268 (MED) Thus ben the Signes propreli Divided. 1546 Wycklyffes Wycket sig. A.ix A man maye take a glasse, and breake the glasse into manye peces and in euerye pece properly thou mayste see thy face. 1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 863 Thay preis furth properly thair pithis to prufe. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > [adverb] sundrilyeOE properly1340 specially1340 notablya1425 particularly?a1425 appropriately1530 severallyc1610 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 34 (MED) Ac specialliche and propreliche, of þe rote of auarice guoþ out manye smale roten, þet byeþ wel greate dyadliche zennes. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 297 Þe frogge..makeþ nouȝt þat voice but oonliche in water, And propreliche þe male in tyme of loue whanne he cryeþ for þe female. a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xliii. 73 (MED) This Owhte for ȝow to ben Chastysinge; And this belongeth to ȝow properly. 1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. d ii/a That terme, draw, is propurli assigned to that hawke that will slee a Roke or a Crow or a Reuyn. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 19 A certane schort..grase, quhairin scheip properlie delytes. 1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. viii. §5. 130 A subject hath nothing properly his owne against the will of the Supreme Authority. 1823 W. Scott Peveril III. ii. 50 One would think mischief was so properly thy element, that to thee it was indifferent whether friend or foe was the sufferer. 4. In the correct or strict sense; strictly speaking; †literally, not figuratively (obsolete); in accordance with fact; accurately, exactly. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > exactness, accuracy, precision > [adverb] rightlyeOE righteOE evenOE evenlya1225 redlyc1275 justicelya1375 justilya1375 justlya1375 redilya1375 trulya1375 properlya1382 precisec1392 preciselyc1392 truec1392 straitlya1395 leala1400 arightc1405 by linec1420 justlyc1425 featlya1450 rule-righta1450 to the letter?1495 exquisitely1526 evenliklya1530 very1530 absolutely1538 jump1539 just1568 accurately1581 punctually1581 jumplya1586 arights1596 just so1601 plumb1601 compassly1606 nicelya1616 squarely1626 justa1631 adequately1632 mathematicallya1638 critically1655 exquisitively1660 just1665 pointedly1667 faithfully1690 correctlya1704 jus1801 jest1815 jes1851 neat1875 cleanly1883 on the nose1883 smack-dab1892 spot on1920 forensically1974 the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > meaning of linguistic unit > literal meaning > [adverb] literally1579 Nicodemically1647 technicallya1652 properly1674 strictly1764 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) Kings Prol. 37 Þese ben þe fyue bookis of Moises, þe whiche þei clepyn propreli thorath, þat is, þe lawe. c1390 W. Hilton Mixed Life (Vernon) in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1895) I. 280 (MED) Þis desyre is not propurli loue, but hit is a begynnyng..For loue is propurli ful couplyng of þe louer & þe loued to-geder. c1454 R. Pecock Folewer to Donet 20 (MED) For if ‘makyng of nouȝt’ schulde be take and be undirstonde propirli, it is not trewe þat god þanne made Adam of nouȝt, forwhi þe mater of his bodi was bifore. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xiv. 1 Tabernakile propirly is the mansyon of feghtand men. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xxiiij If we wil properly & exactly speake, accordyng to the difinition of the word. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. i. 7 He keepes me rustically at home, or (to speak more properly) staies me heere at home vnkept. View more context for this quotation 1674 W. Allen Danger of Enthusiasm 128 Carefully avoiding to take words properly, which are spoken metaphorically. 1713 G. Berkeley Three Dialogues Hylas & Philonous i. 7 Are those Things only perceived by the Senses which are perceived immediately? Or may those Things properly be said to be Sensible, which are perceived mediately. 1750 J. Mayhew Disc. Submission 18 These expressions are absolute and unlimited (or more properly, general). 1790 W. Paley Horæ Paulinæ Rom. ii. 17 Greece properly so called, that is, as distinguished from Macedonia. 1850 J. McCosh Method Divine Govt. (ed. 2) i. iii. 71 Virtue is not virtue, properly speaking, when it is constrained. 1913 W. Cather O Pioneers! iv. i. 211 The French Church, properly the Church of Sainte-Agnes, stood upon a hill. 1974 J. B. Morton Beachcomber 182 She is now the Captain's general manager at Katzphur House or, as it is more properly called, Maison Katzphur. 1997 National Geographic Traveler July 99/1 The North Cascades, properly speaking, are the last hundred miles or so just south of the Canadian border. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [adverb] fairlyOE comelyOE hendly?c1225 goodlyc1275 seemlya1325 sweet1338 quaintly1340 properlyc1390 well?a1400 comelilyc1400 seemlilyc1400 jollilyc1426 formally1548 handsomely1560 sightly1592 handsome1600 winsomely17.. nicely1714 in one's best (also worst) looks1816 presentably1848 the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [adverb] fairlyOE goodlyc1275 finec1330 properlyc1390 daintily?a1400 thrivinglya1400 goodlily?1457 excellent1483 excellently1527 excellently1529 curiously1548 jollilyc1563 admirably1570 beautifully1570 singularly1576 bravelyc1600 famouslya1616 manlya1616 primely1622 prime1648 eximiously1650 topping1683 egregiously1693 purely1695 trimmingly1719 toppinglya1739 surprisingly1749 capitally1750 brawly1796 jellily18.. stammingly1814 divinely1822 stunningly1823 rippingly1828 jam up1835 out of sight1835 first-rately1843 first rate1844 like a charm1845 stunning1851 marvellously1859 magnificently1868 first class1871 splendidly1883 sterlingly1883 tip-top1888 like one o'clock1901 deevily1905 goodo1907 dandy1908 bonzer1914 great1916 juicily1916 corkingly1917 champion1925 unbeatably1928 snodger1946 beaut1953 smashingly1956 groovily1970 awesome1984 c1390 G. Chaucer Miller's Tale 3320 Yclad he was ful smal and proprely, Al in a kirtel of a light waget. c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 509 (MED) Þe Orisoun is of seynt Ambrose, Þat he properly in prose Made in his preyere. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 107 Made of precious stanes so properly and so curiousely þat it semez as it ware a vyne growand. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 134 (MED) In þat land er many papeiais..and þai speke of þaire awen kynde als properly as a man. c1450 in F. J. Furnivall Hymns to Virgin & Christ (1867) 62 (MED) ‘Apparaile þe propirli,’ quod Pride. ?1520 J. Rastell Nature .iiii. Element sig. Cvjv I can pranke it properly. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Properly or trymme, concinne, dextre. 1732 Earl of Oxford in Portland Papers VI. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) 159 I never saw hills so properly and so finely clothed. 1740–87 Lett. Miss Talbot, &c. (1808) 19 A mean dressed man got up into a tree, and from thence harangued them very properly. 6. Completely, thoroughly; exceedingly, very. Now chiefly colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > greatness of quantity, amount, or degree > high or intense degree > [adverb] > utterly allOE allOE outlyOE thwert-outc1175 skerea1225 thoroughc1225 downrightc1275 purec1300 purelyc1300 faira1325 finelyc1330 quitec1330 quitelyc1330 utterlyc1374 outerlya1382 plainlya1382 straighta1387 allutterly1389 starkc1390 oultrelya1393 plata1393 barec1400 outrightc1400 incomparablyc1422 absolutely?a1425 simpliciter?a1425 staringa1425 quitementa1450 properlyc1450 directly1455 merec1475 incomparable1482 preciselyc1503 clean?1515 cleara1522 plain1535 merely1546 stark1553 perfectly1555 right-down1566 simply1574 flat1577 flatly1577 skire1581 plumb1588 dead?1589 rankly1590 stark1593 sheera1600 start1599 handsmooth1600 peremptory1601 sheerly1601 rank1602 utter1619 point-blank1624 proofa1625 peremptorily1626 downrightly1632 right-down1646 solid1651 clever1664 just1668 hollow1671 entirely1673 blank1677 even down1677 cleverly1696 uncomparatively1702 subtly1733 point1762 cussed1779 regularly1789 unqualifiedly1789 irredeemably1790 positively1800 cussedly1802 heart1812 proper1816 slick1818 blankly1822 bang1828 smack1828 pluperfectly1831 unmitigatedly1832 bodaciously1833 unredeemedly1835 out of sight1839 bodacious1845 regular1846 thoroughly1846 ingrainedly1869 muckinga1880 fucking1893 motherless1898 self1907 stone1928 sideways1956 terminally1974 c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 1926 (MED) For now he proches for pride & propurly he wedis, For-þi him bose to be bett as a barne fallis. a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 3283 Prosperite & proride [read pride] propyrly me blyndyd. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) xxiv. sig. Div For certayne I thoughte properly it had ben you. 1664 S. Pepys Diary 24 June (1971) V. 188 Such variety of pictures and other things of value and rarity, that I was properly confounded. 1724 J. Henley et al. tr. Pliny the Younger Epist. & Panegyrick I. iv. xv. 186 Things that wait their due Time, are not properly ripen'd, but are of later Growth. 1816 W. Scott Let. 29 May (1933) IV. 242 Economy is the order of the day, and I can assure you they are shaving properly close. 1895 W. Morris in J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris (1899) II. 309 They beat us properly..we polled about half what they did. 1896 Daily News 18 Mar. 3/6 The accused said he got ‘properly drunk’. 1940 J. Buchan Memory Hold-the-Door App. 305 Those moorland waters have to flow further down the haughs before they properly enter human life. 1969 N. E. Cameron Trumpet 22 They properly hate the Catholics and preach terribly against us, words that I won't repeat. 1990 P. Melville Shape-shifter (1991) 38 On the first day she felt properly well, Millie sat out on the front steps. 7. Mathematics. So as to form a proper subset or a proper subgroup (cf. proper adj. 9). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > mathematical number or quantity > numerical arrangement > [adverb] harmonically1597 properly1929 1929 L. Weisner tr. E. Galois in D. E. Smith Source Bk. in Math. 281 It is easy to see that it [sc. a group] is not further properly decomposable. 1968 E. T. Copson Metric Spaces i. 6 The set A is..properly contained in B if every member of A belongs to B and there is at least one member of B which does not belong to A. 2001 Amer. Math. Monthly 108 545 The..functions are properly contained in the class of functions that are differentiable almost everywhere. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < |
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