protoplasmn.

1846 tr. H. von Mohl in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 18 3 Since, as we have already observed, this viscous mass everywhere precedes the first solid formations indicative of future cells where cells are to be formed..I trust it will be considered justifiable if I propose to designate this substance by the word protoplasma, a term which recalls to mind its physiological function.]

1848 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (ed. 4) I. 10 The first layer of matter is invariably soft and azotised, and now bears the well-contrived name of protoplasm, proposed by Professor Mohl.

1868 T. H. Huxley in Fortn. Rev. Feb. (1869) 129 I have translated the term Protoplasm which is the scientific name of the substance..by the words ‘physical basis of life’.

1881 A. Flint Treat. Princ. Med. (ed. 5) 40 The modern conception of a cell is based, not upon its etymological significance, but upon the presence in it of living matter or protoplasm... Even formless clumps of protoplasm are sometimes called cells.

1903 F. W. H. Myers Human Personality I. 117 In the protoplasm or primary basis of all organic life there must have been an inherent adaptability to the manifestation of all faculties which organic life has in fact manifested.

1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. i. 4 Proteins are of greatest value to the living organism, because they are the essential components of the actual living material—protoplasm.

1992 M. Ingrouille Diversity & Evol. Land Plants 25 The protoplasm of some cells, especially xylem cells, disintegrates at maturity leaving the ‘dead’, but still functional, rigid skeleton of the cell wall.

1869 Jrnl. Ethnolog. Soc. 1 331 Such is the infallible result of antedating Christianity, and seeking for it a rudimentary and embryonic existence, an anterior emanation of protoplasm..having its relations to nature-worship.

1894 H. Drummond Lowell Lect. Ascent of Man 189 These [primeval times] were the days of the protoplasm of speech.

1906 D. S. Cairns Christianity Mod. World iii. 150 Here is the true protoplasm of Christianity out of which..all the theologies and all the ritual..have sprung.

1977 Y. Menuhin Unfinished Journey ii. 22 If this narrative has taken its time.., it is to undo the impression that I was shapeless protoplasm one day and myself the next.

2006 Washington Times (Nexis) 28 Feb. a17 The idea Iraq might be transformed into a secular, democratic and unified nation from unpromising protoplasm with United States military force..was not irrefutably ridiculous.

1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 7 The formation of a new cell always commences with the re-arrangement of a protoplasm-mass round a new centre.

2003 Phytochem. 63 945 This stage consists of [a] multinuclear protoplasm mass, surrounded only by a simple membrane and a slime sheath.

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 2 The cavity enclosed by the protoplasm-sac is filled with a watery fluid, the Cell~sap.

1963 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 50 539 When the grain is maintained at a higher humidity, the protoplasm sac expands and probably softens.

1895 Daily News 3 Oct. 2/2 The protoplasm-containing cells of his brain.

2000 Jrnl. N. Amer. Benthological Soc. 19 55/1 The % of protoplasm-containing diatoms and non-diatom algae was determined by dividing the number counted by the sum of diatom and non-diatom algal counts.