protoporphyrinn.
/ˌprəʊtə(ʊ)ˈpɔːf(ᵻ)rɪn/, U.S. /ˌproʊdoʊˈpɔrfərən/ Chemistry.
Any of a group of fifteen isomeric porphyrins having the formula C34H34N4O4, in which the porphin nucleus has four methyl, two vinyl, and two propionic acid substituents; esp. (more fully protoporphyrin IX) the isomer which occurs widely in living organisms, mainly as haem (in which it is bonded to an iron atom).
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porphyrin1910
protoporphyrin1925
porphin1926
1925 Chem. Abstr. 19 1714 The esters of ooporphyrin, Kämmerer's porphyrin, Papendieck's porphyrin and CO2- and HCI-porphyrins are identical... The name ‘proto-porphyrin’ is proposed for all of these.
1937 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 118 521 Probably the most important porphyrin in nature is protoporphyrin IX... There are fifteen possible isomers of this compound, but this one..is the only one so far demonstrated in nature.
1964 A. White et al. Princ. Biochem. (ed. 3) xlii. 792 In plants..magnesium is inserted into protoporphyrin IX to form magnesium protoporphyrin, which is converted in plastids to chlorophyll.
1975 Nature 26 June 706/1 The prosthetic group of haemoglobin has a protoporphyrin structure (ferrohaem) in which the ion atom is ionically bound.
2001 New Scientist 24 Nov. 39/2 The team transplanted mouse hearts into rats dosed with a chemical, tin protoporphyrin, that blocks HO-1 [haem oxygenase-1].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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