public housen.

Brit.

/ˌpʌblɪk ˈhaʊs/, U.S.

/ˌpəblɪk ˈhaʊs/

Forms: see public adj. and n. and house n.¹ and int.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: public adj., house n.¹

Etymology: < public adj. + house n.¹ Compare Middle French, French maison publique (1560 or earlier in sense 1, with reference to the Prytaneion (town hall) in ancient Athens; 1769 in sense 3). With sense 2 compare pub n.¹, public n. 3a. With sense 3 compare German öffentliches Haus (second half of the 18th cent. or earlier in this sense; now rare); in quot. 1999 perhaps after Russian publičnyj dom, lit. ‘public house’ (probably after French).

1. A building belonging or open to the community at large; a building for public use, a public building. Now rare and with allusion to sense 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > public building > [noun]

hall1297

school?a1425

common house1537

basilica1541

public house1560

public building1561

state house1593

prytaneum1673

house of call1699

basilic1728

zayat1823

civic centre1867

jong1904

1560 J. Knox Answer Great Nomber Blasphemous Cauillations 426 Their chief Prophet..commanded, that euery one which had any gold, siluer, or mouable goods, they should bring it forthe to be in common..And to this vse there was a publike house ordeined.

1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 33 Y^t he was the first that inuented in Greece, to haue publique or common houses, founded at the charges of the common wealth..where the sicke might be cured, and the poore refreshed.

a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) iv. i. 314 The publike house of the Citty, where this and all publike Feasts are kept.

1675 Plymouth Laws 175 It is enacted by the Court that there be a publicke house erected in every Towne of this Government for the Towne comfortably to meet in to worship God.

1708 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (1737) ii. i. ii. 310 The Town of Glasgow have built a new Port, and named it Port-Glasgow, with a large Publick-House.

1799 Cant Lang. Thieves in Monthly Mag. Jan. 22 Public-house for Thieves, a Flash Ken.

1903 Westm. Gaz. 4 Apr. 10/2 Lord Avebury..said there were now public-houses all over the country, not for the sale of beer, but for the use of books.

a. A building whose principal business is the sale of alcoholic drinks to be consumed on the premises; a pub (pub n.¹), a tavern.In the United Kingdom in the late 20th cent. many such establishments began to provide meals and sometimes entertainment also.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > drinking place > [noun] > tavern or public house

houseOE

tavern1297

tavern-housea1400

sunc1400

tap-house1500

tippling-housea1549

innsc1550

bousing-inn1575

ivy-bush1576

osteria1580

ordinary1590

caback1591

taberna1593

bousing-house1594

pothouse1598

red lattice1604

cupping-house1615

public house1617

busha1625

Wirtshaus1650

bibbery1653

cabaret1656

gaming ordinary1667

public1685

shop1695

bibbing-housea1704

dram-shop1725

gill house1728

rum shop1738

buvette1753

dram-house1753

grog-shop1790

wine-vault1791

pub1800

pulperia1818

pulqueria1822

potation-shop1823

rum hole1825

Wirtschaft1834

drunkery1836

pot shop1837

drinkery1840

rum mill1844

khazi1846

beer-shop1848

boozer1895

rub-a-dub1898

Weinstube1899

rubbity-dub1905

peg house1922

rub-a-dub-dub1932

rubbity1941

Stube1946

superpub1964

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. i. 12 The Citizens have no beere in their houses but one kind, which is very small, and buy the better kindes..from a publike house; where it is sold by small measures.

1680 R. L'Estrange Compend. Hist. 4 They all met together at a public House, call'd the Green Dragon.

c1704 Feign'd Friendship i. 3 'Tis true publick Houses are shut up on Sundays, so people get drunk at home.

1720 D. Defoe Capt. Singleton (1906) 1 The maid..meets with a fellow..he carries her into a public-house to give her a pot and a cake.

1735 Lives Most Remarkable Criminals III. 182 His Brother came to him..and invited him to go with him to a Publick-house..where they drank to a higher Pitch than James Drummond had ever done.

1812 S. T. Coleridge Let. to R. Southey in Lett. (1895) 598 A large public house frequented about one o'clock by the lower orders.

1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village I. 6 Lucky would it be for his wife and her eight children if there were no public-house in the land.

1913 D. H. Lawrence Sons & Lovers i. 5 The father was serving beer in a public-house, swilling himself drunk.

1970 Morning Star 6 Jan. 3 His wife and two friends had attended the opening of a discotheque at the Red Lion public house on Sunday.

1999 Times (Nexis) 24 July A survey has shown that more than 50 per cent of public houses hold weekly quizzes.

b. An inn or hostelry providing food and lodging for travellers or members of the public, and usually licensed for the sale of alcohol. In later use U.S. and historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > accommodation or lodging > public lodging-places > [noun] > inn

guest housec1000

innc1230

hostry1377

host1382

harbergeryc1384

hostelc1384

hostelryc1386

harbergagea1400

hostelar1424

hostagec1440

innsc1550

host-house1570

fondaco1599

change1609

auberge1615

sporting house1615

albergo1617

rancho1648

change-housea1653

posada1652

public house1655

inn-house1677

funduq1684

locanda1770

fonda1777

livery tavern1787

roadhouse1806

meson1817

tambo1830

gasthaus1834

estalagem1835

caravanserai1848

temperance inna1849

sala1871

bush-inn1881

ryokan1914

B & B1918

pousada1949

minshuku1970

1655 J. Davies tr. Apocalypsis 49 in A. Ross Πανσεβεια (new ed.) They shall not entertain any coming out of the lower Provinces; though of their kindred; but at publick houses or Innes.

1669 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 163 He was asham'd to go to a publick house [for his meals], because he was a senior master, and because his relations lived in Oxon.

1682 J. Cotton & T. Cushman in Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc. (1861) 4th Ser. V. 60 In the middle of the town, one public house is very sufficient for the entertainment of travellers.

1715 Royal Proclam. 5 Jan. in London Gaz. No. 5292/2 Taverns, Chocolate Houses, Coffee Houses, or other Publick Houses.

1796 Hist. Ned Evans II. 151 Every night they were entertained by private families, there being no public-houses at so remote a distance.

1850 D. J. Browne Amer. Poultry Yard 165 Fattening some of the earliest broods, in order to supply public houses, and such families as require turkeys early in the season.

1873 J. H. Beadle Undeveloped West 784 The Alamo Hotel..unites the characteristics of the Yankee hotel, the Southern ‘public house’, and the foreign hostelrie.

1895 T. Hardy Jude vi. vi Oh, but can't you have the kindness to take me in? I cannot endure going to a public house to lodge; and I am so lonely.

1925 Amer. Mercury June 212/2 There was a vast difference in architectural form between the stately King's Arms in Boston and the rude wooden shack which served as a public-house in the back country of North Carolina.

2006 S. C. Imbarrato Traveling Women ii. 74 Upon lodging at this public house in the Tuscarora Mountains, Pennsylvania, Adlard Welby noted [in 1821], ‘Taverns are every where building.’

3. A brothel. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > brothel

houseOE

bordelc1300

whorehousec1330

stew1362

bordel housec1384

stewc1384

stivec1386

stew-house1436

bordelryc1450

brothel house1486

shop?1515

bains1541

common house1545

bawdy-house1552

hothouse1556

bordello1581

brothela1591

trugging house1591

trugging place1591

nunnery1593

vaulting-house1596

leaping house1598

Pickt-hatch1598

garden house1606

vaulting-school1606

flesh-shambles1608

whore-sty1621

bagnioa1640

public house1640

harlot-house1641

warrena1649

academy1650

call house1680

coney burrow1691

case1699

nanny-house1699

house of ill reputea1726

smuggling-ken1725

kip1766

Corinth1785

disorderly house1809

flash-house1816

dress house1823

nanny-shop1825

house of tolerance1842

whore shop1843

drum1846

introducing house1846

khazi1846

fast house1848

harlotry1849

maison de tolérance1852

knocking-shop1860

lupanar1864

assignation house1870

parlour house1871

hook shop1889

sporting house1894

meat house1896

massage parlour1906

case house1912

massage establishment1921

moll-shop1923

camp1925

notch house1926

creep joint1928

slaughterhouse1928

maison de convenance1930

cat-house1931

Bovril1936

maison close1939

joy-house1940

rib joint1940

gaff1947

maison de passe1960

rap parlour1973

1640 H. Mill Nights Search 76 A publike house she keepes; all men may be There entertain'd.

1785 J. Trusler Mod. Times I. 87 Who never loses sight of her till she is picked up and taken to a public house.

1999 Slavic Rev. 58 555 A ‘specialist’ on prostitution issues, has suggested that the City of Riga could ‘supplement its budget’ by opening a public house and collecting rent.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as public house club, public house civility, public house keeper, public house parlour, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [noun] > inn or tavern keeping > innkeeper

tappera1000

tapsterc1000

wifeOE

taverner1340

gannekerc1380

tippler1396

alewifec1400

vintnerc1430

alehouse-keeperc1440

ale-taker1454

innholder1463

cellarman1547

ale draper?1593

pint pot1598

ale-man1600

nick-pot1602

tavern-keeper1611

beer-monger1622

kaniker1630

ordinary keeper1644

padrone1670

tap-lash?1680

ale-dame1694

public house keeper1704

bar-keeper1712

publican1728

tavern-man1755

Boniface1795

knight of the spigot1821

licensed victualler1824

thermopolite1832

bar-keep1846

saloon-keeper1849

posadero1851

Wirt1858

bung1860

changer1876

patron1878

bar-tender1883

soda-jerker1883

bar steward1888

pub-keeper1913

1704 in Trott Laws Brit. Plant. Amer. (1721) 256 No Publick House-keeper within this Province [sc. New Jersey] shall suffer any Person or Persons to tipple and drink in his House on the Lord's Day.

1791 in Oxoniensia (2001) 65 97 I have great reason to think some of the land belonging to this farm is laid into the public house yard and as other parts may be incroached upon I should advise you to have it mapped.

1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. i. ii. 14 The landlord was..overwhelming me with public-house civility.

1822 Times 17 May 2/3 The public-house licenses bill was brought in by Mr H G Bennet.

1835 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz (1836) 1st. Ser. 1. 309 An indescribable public-house-parlour swagger.

1839 J. W. Brooke Democrats of Marylebone ii. vi. 150 In St. Pancras..a number of district public-house clubs, calling themselves parochial committees, held weekly meetings.

1880 B. Harte Jeff Briggs's Love Story ii. v. 107 Views of business openings in the public-house line taken from the tops of stage-coaches are not as judicious as those taken from less exalted levels.

1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. vi. 192 [He] wanted to promote himself to some honour or other in the public-house line.

1911 C. F. Shaw tr. E. Brieux Maternity iii., in C. F. Shaw et al. tr. E. Brieux 3 Plays 64 Ah, ha! Here's the orator of the public house parlor.

1949 Jrnl. Compar. Legislation 31 77 If a holder of any hotel or public house licence is convicted of unlawful gaming and betting his licence shall become absolutely void.

1997 Shetland Times 21 Nov. 8/1 Two minutes sufficed to confirm the granting of a public house certificate to Mr J. H. Cunyingham-Brown for Yell's first pub.

C2.

public house sign n. an often pictorial sign attached to or placed in front of a public house as a means of distinguishing it from others or directing attention to it; a pub sign.

ΚΠ

1790 J. Jones Muse Good Humour 26 (title) For a public-house sign.

1849 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis I. v. 43 At which place, our friend, whose name could be seen over the playground wall, on a public-house sign..had been dreadfully bullied on account of his trade.

1997 Whitby Gaz. 25 Oct. 16/6 (advt.) Listed building consent for illumination of existing public house sign by three brass swan neck spotlights at The Royal George Public House.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	public house
释义	public housen. Brit. /ˌpʌblɪk ˈhaʊs/, U.S. /ˌpəblɪk ˈhaʊs/ Forms: see public adj. and n. and house n.¹ and int. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: public adj., house n.¹ Etymology: < public adj. + house n.¹ Compare Middle French, French maison publique (1560 or earlier in sense 1, with reference to the Prytaneion (town hall) in ancient Athens; 1769 in sense 3). With sense 2 compare pub n.¹, public n. 3a. With sense 3 compare German öffentliches Haus (second half of the 18th cent. or earlier in this sense; now rare); in quot. 1999 perhaps after Russian publičnyj dom, lit. ‘public house’ (probably after French). 1. A building belonging or open to the community at large; a building for public use, a public building. Now rare and with allusion to sense 2. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > public building > [noun] hall1297 school?a1425 common house1537 basilica1541 public house1560 public building1561 state house1593 prytaneum1673 house of call1699 basilic1728 zayat1823 civic centre1867 jong1904 1560 J. Knox Answer Great Nomber Blasphemous Cauillations 426 Their chief Prophet..commanded, that euery one which had any gold, siluer, or mouable goods, they should bring it forthe to be in common..And to this vse there was a publike house ordeined. 1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 33 Y^t he was the first that inuented in Greece, to haue publique or common houses, founded at the charges of the common wealth..where the sicke might be cured, and the poore refreshed. a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) iv. i. 314 The publike house of the Citty, where this and all publike Feasts are kept. 1675 Plymouth Laws 175 It is enacted by the Court that there be a publicke house erected in every Towne of this Government for the Towne comfortably to meet in to worship God. 1708 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (1737) ii. i. ii. 310 The Town of Glasgow have built a new Port, and named it Port-Glasgow, with a large Publick-House. 1799 Cant Lang. Thieves in Monthly Mag. Jan. 22 Public-house for Thieves, a Flash Ken. 1903 Westm. Gaz. 4 Apr. 10/2 Lord Avebury..said there were now public-houses all over the country, not for the sale of beer, but for the use of books. 2. a. A building whose principal business is the sale of alcoholic drinks to be consumed on the premises; a pub (pub n.¹), a tavern.In the United Kingdom in the late 20th cent. many such establishments began to provide meals and sometimes entertainment also. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > drinking place > [noun] > tavern or public house houseOE tavern1297 tavern-housea1400 sunc1400 tap-house1500 tippling-housea1549 innsc1550 bousing-inn1575 ivy-bush1576 osteria1580 ordinary1590 caback1591 taberna1593 bousing-house1594 pothouse1598 red lattice1604 cupping-house1615 public house1617 busha1625 Wirtshaus1650 bibbery1653 cabaret1656 gaming ordinary1667 public1685 shop1695 bibbing-housea1704 dram-shop1725 gill house1728 rum shop1738 buvette1753 dram-house1753 grog-shop1790 wine-vault1791 pub1800 pulperia1818 pulqueria1822 potation-shop1823 rum hole1825 Wirtschaft1834 drunkery1836 pot shop1837 drinkery1840 rum mill1844 khazi1846 beer-shop1848 boozer1895 rub-a-dub1898 Weinstube1899 rubbity-dub1905 peg house1922 rub-a-dub-dub1932 rubbity1941 Stube1946 superpub1964 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. i. 12 The Citizens have no beere in their houses but one kind, which is very small, and buy the better kindes..from a publike house; where it is sold by small measures. 1680 R. L'Estrange Compend. Hist. 4 They all met together at a public House, call'd the Green Dragon. c1704 Feign'd Friendship i. 3 'Tis true publick Houses are shut up on Sundays, so people get drunk at home. 1720 D. Defoe Capt. Singleton (1906) 1 The maid..meets with a fellow..he carries her into a public-house to give her a pot and a cake. 1735 Lives Most Remarkable Criminals III. 182 His Brother came to him..and invited him to go with him to a Publick-house..where they drank to a higher Pitch than James Drummond had ever done. 1812 S. T. Coleridge Let. to R. Southey in Lett. (1895) 598 A large public house frequented about one o'clock by the lower orders. 1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village I. 6 Lucky would it be for his wife and her eight children if there were no public-house in the land. 1913 D. H. Lawrence Sons & Lovers i. 5 The father was serving beer in a public-house, swilling himself drunk. 1970 Morning Star 6 Jan. 3 His wife and two friends had attended the opening of a discotheque at the Red Lion public house on Sunday. 1999 Times (Nexis) 24 July A survey has shown that more than 50 per cent of public houses hold weekly quizzes. b. An inn or hostelry providing food and lodging for travellers or members of the public, and usually licensed for the sale of alcohol. In later use U.S. and historical. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > accommodation or lodging > public lodging-places > [noun] > inn guest housec1000 innc1230 hostry1377 host1382 harbergeryc1384 hostelc1384 hostelryc1386 harbergagea1400 hostelar1424 hostagec1440 innsc1550 host-house1570 fondaco1599 change1609 auberge1615 sporting house1615 albergo1617 rancho1648 change-housea1653 posada1652 public house1655 inn-house1677 funduq1684 locanda1770 fonda1777 livery tavern1787 roadhouse1806 meson1817 tambo1830 gasthaus1834 estalagem1835 caravanserai1848 temperance inna1849 sala1871 bush-inn1881 ryokan1914 B & B1918 pousada1949 minshuku1970 1655 J. Davies tr. Apocalypsis 49 in A. Ross Πανσεβεια (new ed.) They shall not entertain any coming out of the lower Provinces; though of their kindred; but at publick houses or Innes. 1669 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 163 He was asham'd to go to a publick house [for his meals], because he was a senior master, and because his relations lived in Oxon. 1682 J. Cotton & T. Cushman in Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc. (1861) 4th Ser. V. 60 In the middle of the town, one public house is very sufficient for the entertainment of travellers. 1715 Royal Proclam. 5 Jan. in London Gaz. No. 5292/2 Taverns, Chocolate Houses, Coffee Houses, or other Publick Houses. 1796 Hist. Ned Evans II. 151 Every night they were entertained by private families, there being no public-houses at so remote a distance. 1850 D. J. Browne Amer. Poultry Yard 165 Fattening some of the earliest broods, in order to supply public houses, and such families as require turkeys early in the season. 1873 J. H. Beadle Undeveloped West 784 The Alamo Hotel..unites the characteristics of the Yankee hotel, the Southern ‘public house’, and the foreign hostelrie. 1895 T. Hardy Jude vi. vi Oh, but can't you have the kindness to take me in? I cannot endure going to a public house to lodge; and I am so lonely. 1925 Amer. Mercury June 212/2 There was a vast difference in architectural form between the stately King's Arms in Boston and the rude wooden shack which served as a public-house in the back country of North Carolina. 2006 S. C. Imbarrato Traveling Women ii. 74 Upon lodging at this public house in the Tuscarora Mountains, Pennsylvania, Adlard Welby noted [in 1821], ‘Taverns are every where building.’ 3. A brothel. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > brothel houseOE bordelc1300 whorehousec1330 stew1362 bordel housec1384 stewc1384 stivec1386 stew-house1436 bordelryc1450 brothel house1486 shop?1515 bains1541 common house1545 bawdy-house1552 hothouse1556 bordello1581 brothela1591 trugging house1591 trugging place1591 nunnery1593 vaulting-house1596 leaping house1598 Pickt-hatch1598 garden house1606 vaulting-school1606 flesh-shambles1608 whore-sty1621 bagnioa1640 public house1640 harlot-house1641 warrena1649 academy1650 call house1680 coney burrow1691 case1699 nanny-house1699 house of ill reputea1726 smuggling-ken1725 kip1766 Corinth1785 disorderly house1809 flash-house1816 dress house1823 nanny-shop1825 house of tolerance1842 whore shop1843 drum1846 introducing house1846 khazi1846 fast house1848 harlotry1849 maison de tolérance1852 knocking-shop1860 lupanar1864 assignation house1870 parlour house1871 hook shop1889 sporting house1894 meat house1896 massage parlour1906 case house1912 massage establishment1921 moll-shop1923 camp1925 notch house1926 creep joint1928 slaughterhouse1928 maison de convenance1930 cat-house1931 Bovril1936 maison close1939 joy-house1940 rib joint1940 gaff1947 maison de passe1960 rap parlour1973 1640 H. Mill Nights Search 76 A publike house she keepes; all men may be There entertain'd. 1785 J. Trusler Mod. Times I. 87 Who never loses sight of her till she is picked up and taken to a public house. 1999 Slavic Rev. 58 555 A ‘specialist’ on prostitution issues, has suggested that the City of Riga could ‘supplement its budget’ by opening a public house and collecting rent. Compounds C1. General attributive, as public house club, public house civility, public house keeper, public house parlour, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [noun] > inn or tavern keeping > innkeeper tappera1000 tapsterc1000 wifeOE taverner1340 gannekerc1380 tippler1396 alewifec1400 vintnerc1430 alehouse-keeperc1440 ale-taker1454 innholder1463 cellarman1547 ale draper?1593 pint pot1598 ale-man1600 nick-pot1602 tavern-keeper1611 beer-monger1622 kaniker1630 ordinary keeper1644 padrone1670 tap-lash?1680 ale-dame1694 public house keeper1704 bar-keeper1712 publican1728 tavern-man1755 Boniface1795 knight of the spigot1821 licensed victualler1824 thermopolite1832 bar-keep1846 saloon-keeper1849 posadero1851 Wirt1858 bung1860 changer1876 patron1878 bar-tender1883 soda-jerker1883 bar steward1888 pub-keeper1913 1704 in Trott Laws Brit. Plant. Amer. (1721) 256 No Publick House-keeper within this Province [sc. New Jersey] shall suffer any Person or Persons to tipple and drink in his House on the Lord's Day. 1791 in Oxoniensia (2001) 65 97 I have great reason to think some of the land belonging to this farm is laid into the public house yard and as other parts may be incroached upon I should advise you to have it mapped. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. i. ii. 14 The landlord was..overwhelming me with public-house civility. 1822 Times 17 May 2/3 The public-house licenses bill was brought in by Mr H G Bennet. 1835 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz (1836) 1st. Ser. 1. 309 An indescribable public-house-parlour swagger. 1839 J. W. Brooke Democrats of Marylebone ii. vi. 150 In St. Pancras..a number of district public-house clubs, calling themselves parochial committees, held weekly meetings. 1880 B. Harte Jeff Briggs's Love Story ii. v. 107 Views of business openings in the public-house line taken from the tops of stage-coaches are not as judicious as those taken from less exalted levels. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita II. vi. 192 [He] wanted to promote himself to some honour or other in the public-house line. 1911 C. F. Shaw tr. E. Brieux Maternity iii., in C. F. Shaw et al. tr. E. Brieux 3 Plays 64 Ah, ha! Here's the orator of the public house parlor. 1949 Jrnl. Compar. Legislation 31 77 If a holder of any hotel or public house licence is convicted of unlawful gaming and betting his licence shall become absolutely void. 1997 Shetland Times 21 Nov. 8/1 Two minutes sufficed to confirm the granting of a public house certificate to Mr J. H. Cunyingham-Brown for Yell's first pub. C2. public house sign n. an often pictorial sign attached to or placed in front of a public house as a means of distinguishing it from others or directing attention to it; a pub sign. ΚΠ 1790 J. Jones Muse Good Humour 26 (title) For a public-house sign. 1849 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis I. v. 43 At which place, our friend, whose name could be seen over the playground wall, on a public-house sign..had been dreadfully bullied on account of his trade. 1997 Whitby Gaz. 25 Oct. 16/6 (advt.) Listed building consent for illumination of existing public house sign by three brass swan neck spotlights at The Royal George Public House. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1560
随便看	marbly marbryn marburg marburg disease marburg virus marc marc brandy marc de bourgogne marcan marcantant marcasin marcasital marcasite marcasite-like marcasitelike marcasites marcasitical marcassin marcato marcatos marcel marcel wave marcel-waved marcel-waver marcel-waving