puffinn.¹

Brit.

/ˈpʌfɪn/, U.S.

/ˈpəfən/

Forms: Middle English poffin, Middle English poffoun, Middle English pophyn, 1500s puffing (Scottish), 1500s puffyne, 1500s–1600s puffyn, 1500s– puffin, 1600s–1700s puffen. N.E.D. (1909) also records a form Middle English puffyn. Also (in senses 2 and 3) with capital initial.

Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a borrowing from Cornish.

Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps ultimately < Cornish. Compare Breton poc'han puffin (1632 or earlier in sense ‘diving bird’; of uncertain origin, perhaps related to boc'h cheek < classical Latin bucca (see bucco- comb. form); with the variation in the initial letter compare the recent derivative Breton boc'hanig puffin).Cornish popa puffin has been suggested as a possible etymon, but it may itself be < English. Compare Cornish English pope , popey duck puffin (1662 in Ray; compare quot. 1678 at sense 1b), which apparently shows transferred use of pope n.¹ Compare post-classical Latin paphinus (1237 in a British source (Cornwall)), puffo , poffo young of the Manx shearwater, as item of trade (1297–1336 in British sources), pophinus , puffinus (Gesner 1555), puphinus (1570 in a British source), and scientific Latin Puffinus , genus name of the Manx shearwater ( M. J. Brisson Ornithol. (1760) VI. 131), also a species name ( M. T. Brunnich Ornithologia borealis (1764) 119, as Procellaria puffinus ), all < English. The English word is apparently attested earlier as a surname: Adam Pufin (a1223, in a document from Dublin), Willelmo Puffin (1279). The word has often alternatively been explained as arising from or being otherwise related to puff v., puff n., or puffy adj., being variously explained as arising e.g. from the plumpness of the young (formerly considered a delicacy, compare the simile ‘as plump as a puffin’), from the soft downy clothing of the young, or from a puffing sound uttered by the bird or its young (Caius (1570) states that the name (of the shearwater) is derived ‘a naturali voce pupin’). It is possible that these associations are the result of folk etymology. (A further related suggestion that the word referred to the large ‘puffed-out’ beak can only apply to the later application of the name to Fratercula arctica: see sense 1b). N.E.D. (1909) argues that the prevalence of Middle English forms in poff- makes an origin from one of the puff- words less likely. However, puff v. does have Middle English spellings in -o- , even though these are less common than those in -u- , while on the other hand, -u- is present as early as the 13th cent. in post-classical Latin puffo and apparently also in the surname Puffin (see above). Irish puifín , †poipín , †foipín and Manx pibbin , both in sense 1b, are < English. Compare also Manx pibbin Vanninagh Manx shearwater. Compare Scottish Gaelic fachach , denoting both the puffin (compare sense 1b) and various shearwaters, of uncertain origin, perhaps imitative; compare also †fachan , fathach , both in sense 1b. French puffin shearwater (1760 in Brisson) is < English. With sense 1b compare lunda n.¹ With reference to other auks (compare sense 1c) compare puffinet n.

†a. Originally: the plump young of the Manx shearwater, Puffinus puffinus, esp. as taken from the nesting burrow and cured for use as food. Later: the adult Manx shearwater; = Manx puffin n. (a) at Manx adj. and n. Compounds, Manx shearwater n. at Manx adj. and n. Compounds. Obsolete.Shearwaters were sometimes classed as fish to permit their consumption during Lent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Procellariiformes > [noun] > member of family Procellariidae (petrel) > member of genus Puffinus (shearwater) > puffinus anglorum (Manx shearwater)

puffin1337

pilwater1603

lyre1654

shearwaterc1671

scrabe1676

Manx puffin1678

mackerel cock1772

Manx shearwater1835

scraber1852

1337 Caption of Seisin (of Scilly) 5 May (Duchy of Cornwall) Ran[ulphus] de Albo Monastrio tenet Insulam de Sully et r[eddit] inde ad idem f[estu]m Di[midium] marce vel ccc poffouns.

1478 W. Worcester Itineraries 24 Insula Rascow..inculta cum cuniculis et auibus vocatis pophyns.

1502 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 155 Item..to ane man of the laird of Cesnokkis that brocht puffingis to the King, xxviijs.

a1529 J. Skelton Phyllyp Sparowe (?1545) sig. Bii^v The puffyn [printed pussyn] and the tele Money they shall dele To poore folke at large.

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) VI. 50 Puffins, Birdes less then Dukkes having grey Fethers like Dukkes.

1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 35^v The Puffyn..whose young ones are thence ferretted out, being exceeding fat, kept salted, and reputed for fish, as comming neerest thereto in their taste.

1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xviii. 166 Puffins, whom I may call the feathered fishes, are accounted even by the holy fatherhood of Cardinals to be no flesh but rather fish.

1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 333 The Puffin of the Isle of Man, which I take to be the Puffinus Anglorum.

1736 Sheridan Let. to Swift 12 May in Swift's Corr. (1768) IV. 159 I have twenty lambs..as plump as puffins.

1884 Yarrell's Brit. Birds IV. 21 The Manx Shearwater..owes its trivial name to Willughby, who speaks of it as the Puffin of the Isle of Man.

b. A small auk, Fratercula arctica, which nests in burrows on the Arctic and northern coasts of the Atlantic and has black and white plumage and a very deep and brightly coloured bill (more fully Atlantic puffin). Later also (with distinguishing word): either of two similar auks of the genera Fratercula and Lunda, of the North Pacific.

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the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Alcidae (auks) > [noun] > fratercula arctica (puffin)

scout1596

willock1606

bottlenose1620

parrot1664

sea-parrot1664

guldenhead1676

coulterneb1678

mullet1678

puffin1678

cockandy1684

sea-coulter1684

bowger1698

norie1701

tammie norie1701

popea1705

lunda1744

rock-bird1765

puffin-auk1768

tommy noddy1769

Tomnoddy1771

Tommya1777

Tomnorry1793

Tommy1828

sea-owl1842

1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 325 The Bird called Coulterneb at the Farn Islands, Puffin in North-Wales, in South-Wales Gulden-head, Bottle-nose, and Helegug, at Scarburgh Mullet, in Cornwal Pope.

1768 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) II. ii. 405 The Puffin. Puphinus anglicus. Gesner... Puffin, Coulterneb, &c. Wil[lughby].

1835 J. J. Audubon Ornithol. Biogr. III. 105 On my voyage to Labrador I observed Puffins every day.

1865 P. H. Gosse Land & Sea (1874) 30 Known by the fishermen as sea parrots or coulternebs; but more generally designated in books as puffins.

1919 A. C. Bent Life Hist. N. Amer. Diving Birds 96 The puffin of the coasts and islands of the Arctic Ocean from Greenland to Nova Zembla has been separated from the common Atlantic Puffin as a large subspecies.

1930 W. M. Mann Wild Animals in & out of Zoo xx. 250 It seems a pity that such striking birds as the skimmers, shearwaters, and puffins do not do well.

2004 Bird Watch Canada Winter 3/2 The possibility of petroleum exploration off BC's coast could severely impact coastal waterbirds, including the Tufted Puffin.

c. Irish English (northern). Any of several other auks.

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the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Alcidae (auks) > [noun] > member of (auk)

marrot1647

auk1673

parrotbill1778

alcid1885

puffin1885

1885 C. Swainson Provinc. Names Brit. Birds 217 Razor bill (Alca torda)... Puffin (Antrim).

1953 M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal 221/1 Puffin, the black guillemot.

1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 263/1 Puffin, a bird: (a) the guillemot Uria aalge; (b) the razorbill Alca torda.

2. In form Puffin. A proprietary name for: any of a range of children's paperback books published by Puffin Books, a division of Penguin Books Ltd. Cf. penguin n. 1c. Frequently attributive.

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society > communication > book > kind of book > [noun] > proprietary names

penguin1935

pelican1942

puffin1947

1947 Trade Marks Jrnl. 10 Sept. 535/2 Puffin... Printed publications, stationery, bookbinding materials, pens and pencils, but not including publications on puffins.

1960 Penguins Progress 1935–60 54 Each month we publish fifteen to twenty books, varying from Penguin fiction..to Penguin Handbooks and Puffins.

1969 Times 5 Nov. 13/4 There can hardly be a good children's story that has not been issued as a Puffin paperback at a price which most children can afford to save for out of pocket money.

2003 Independent on Sunday 16 Mar. i. 18/5 Each pack contains a copy of Treasure Island, and a collection of Puffin tie-in books for Treasure Planet.

3. In form Puffin. A make of duvet or eiderdown. Also more fully Puffin Downlet.A proprietary name in the United Kingdom.

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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > household linen > bedclothes > [noun] > outer cover > quilt > types of

leatherdoom1702

duvet1759

eiderdown1872

futon1875

plumeau1875

crazy quilt1886

puff1894

puffin1959

continental quilt1969

Doona1973

quillow1989

1959 Trade Marks Jrnl. 18 Feb. 206/2 Puffin... Filled bed coverings in the nature of quilts or eiderdowns.

1970 ‘R. Crawford’ Kiss Boss Goodbye ii. viii. 107 Brenda was lying on her back on top of the Puffin Downlet.

1971 Guardian 29 Sept. 11/2 The cleaning of feather-filled continental quilts is a problem... One reader, taking her Puffin to..a well-known cleaners..was met with the blankest confusion.

1974 Times 18 July 20/2 (advt.) Continental Puffin quilts.

Compounds

(Sense 1b.)

C1.

puffin-cock n.

ΚΠ

1902 N. Howard Kiartan ii. 32 Nay, they shall fight like puffin-cocks.

puffin hole n.

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1901 Wide World Mag. 8 133/1 Absorbed in the pastime of probing puffin-holes in search of eggs.

1949 Jrnl. Ecol. 37 424 Five main communities are recognized:..grass meadows,..meadows of large perennials,..nitrophilous communities of annuals,..cliff vegetation,..Puffin holes.

C2.

† puffin-auk n. Obsolete = sense 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Alcidae (auks) > [noun] > fratercula arctica (puffin)

scout1596

willock1606

bottlenose1620

parrot1664

sea-parrot1664

guldenhead1676

coulterneb1678

mullet1678

puffin1678

cockandy1684

sea-coulter1684

bowger1698

norie1701

tammie norie1701

popea1705

lunda1744

rock-bird1765

puffin-auk1768

tommy noddy1769

Tomnoddy1771

Tommya1777

Tomnorry1793

Tommy1828

sea-owl1842

1768 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) II. ii. 408 Puffin Auk.

1796 C. Smith Marchmont II. 199 The cries of the sand-piper, the puffin-awk; the screaming gull.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

puffinn.²

Brit.

/ˈpʌfɪn/, U.S.

/ˈpəfən/

Forms: 1500s–1700s 1900s– puffin, 1600s puffen, 1700s 1900s– puffing.

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: puff n., English -in , -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: Apparently < puff n. + -in, variant of -ing suffix¹. The spelling in -in was probably reinforced in sense 2 by association with pippin n. 3, and in sense 4 and perhaps also in other senses by association with puffin n.¹

†1. plural. Apparently: unrefined or coarse flour, or bean meal. Obsolete. rare.The 1919 edition of Hooker's text suggests the meaning ‘puffings, pastry puffs’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > bean-meal

lomentc1420

puffins1587

bean-meal1847

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1022/1 In this extremitie the bakers and housholders were driuen to seeke vp their old store of puffins and bran [ed. 1919 puffyns and braune], wherewith they in times past were woont to make horssebread. [margin] Bread made of bran and of puffins.

2. A large insipid variety of apple; = puff n. 5b. Also puffin apple.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of

costardc1390

bitter-sweet1393

Queening?1435

richardine?1435

blaundrellc1440

pear apple1440

tuberc1440

quarrendenc1450

birtle1483

deusan1570

apple-john1572

Richard1572

lording1573

greening1577

queen apple1579

peeler1580

darling1584

doucin1584

golding1589

puffin1589

lady's longing1591

bitter-sweeting1597

pearmain1597

paradise apple1598

garden globe1600

gastlet1600

leather-coat1600

maligar1600

pome-paradise1601

French pippin1629

gillyflower1629

king apple1635

lady apple1651

golden pippin1654

goldling1655

puff1655

cardinal1658

green fillet1662

chestnut1664

cinnamon apple1664

fenouil1664

go-no-further1664

Westbury apple1664

seek-no-farther1670

nonsuch1676

calville1691

passe-pomme1691

fennel apple1699

queen1699

genet1706

fig-apple1707

oaken pin1707

nonpareil1726

costing1731

monstrous reinette1731

Newtown pippin1760

Ribston1782

Rhode Island greening1795

oslin1801

fall pippin1803

monstrous pippin1817

Newtown Spitzenburg1817

Gravenstein1821

Red Astrachan1822

Tolman sweet1822

grange apple1823

orange pippin1823

Baldwin1826

Sturmer Pippin1831

Newtowner1846

Northern Spy1847

Blenheim Orange1860

Cox1860

McIntosh Red1876

Worcester1877

raspberry apple1894

delicious1898

Laxton's Superb1920

Macoun1924

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of

costardc1390

bitter-sweet1393

pippin?1435

pomewater?1435

Queening?1435

richardine?1435

blaundrellc1440

pear apple1440

tuberc1440

quarrendenc1450

birtle1483

sweeting1530

pomeroyal1534

renneta1568

deusan1570

apple-john1572

Richard1572

lording1573

russeting1573

greening1577

queen apple1579

peeler1580

reinette1582

darling1584

doucin1584

golding1589

puffin1589

lady's longing1591

bitter-sweeting1597

pearmain1597

paradise apple1598

garden globe1600

gastlet1600

leather-coat1600

maligar1600

pomeroy1600

short-start1600

jenneting1601

pome-paradise1601

russet coat1602

John apple1604

honey apple1611

honeymeal1611

musk apple1611

short-shank1611

spice apple1611

French pippin1629

king apple1635

lady apple1651

golden pippin1654

goldling1655

puff1655

cardinal1658

renneting1658

green fillet1662

chestnut1664

cinnamon apple1664

fenouil1664

go-no-further1664

reinetting1664

Westbury apple1664

seek-no-farther1670

nonsuch1676

white-wining1676

russet1686

calville1691

fennel apple1699

queen1699

genet1706

fig-apple1707

oaken pin1707

musk1708

nonpareil1726

costing1731

monstrous reinette1731

Newtown pippin1760

Ribston1782

Rhode Island greening1795

oslin1801

wine apple1802

fall pippin1803

monstrous pippin1817

Newtown Spitzenburg1817

Gravenstein1821

Red Astrachan1822

Tolman sweet1822

grange apple1823

orange pippin1823

Baldwin1826

wine-sap1826

Jonathan1831

Sturmer Pippin1831

rusty-coat1843

Newtowner1846

Northern Spy1847

Cornish gilliflowerc1850

Blenheim Orange1860

Cox1860

nutmeg pippin1860

McIntosh Red1876

Worcester1877

raspberry apple1894

delicious1898

Laxton's Superb1920

Melba apple1928

Melba1933

Mutsu1951

Newtown1953

discovery1964

1589 J. Rider Bibliotheca Scholastica 47 An Apple... A Puffin, otherwise called an 100. shillings, Malum pulmoneum.

1718 Meager's New Art of Gardening (new ed.) 72 Apples. Fear Apple.., the Russet Pippin, the Puffin, the Cole Apple, [etc.].

1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ A puffin apple, Malum pulmonium.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Puffingapple, a sort of apple. Ainsworth.

1993 J. Morgan & A. Richards Bk. of Apples 248/1 Puffin... Large. Soft, white flesh, but little flavour. Cooked, very little taste.

†3. More fully puffin fish. The thornback ray, Raja clavata. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun]

whalec950

tumbrelc1300

sprout1340

squame1393

codmop1466

whitefish1482

lineshark?a1500

salen1508

glaucus1509

bretcock1522

warcodling1525

razor1530

bassinatc1540

goldeney1542

smy1552

maiden1555

grail1587

whiting1587

needle1589

pintle-fish1591

goldfish1598

puffin fish1598

quap1598

stork1600

black-tail1601

ellops1601

fork-fish1601

sea-grape1601

sea-lizard1601

sea-raven1601

barne1602

plosher1602

whale-mouse1607

bowman1610

catfish1620

hog1620

kettle-fish1630

sharpa1636

carda1641

housewifea1641

roucotea1641

ox-fisha1642

sea-serpent1646

croaker1651

alderling1655

butkin1655

shamefish1655

yard1655

sea-dart1664

sea-pelican1664

Negro1666

sea-parrot1666

sea-blewling1668

sea-stickling1668

skull-fish1668

whale's guide1668

sennet1671

barracuda1678

skate-bread1681

tuck-fish1681

swallowtail1683

piaba1686

pit-fish1686

sand-creeper1686

horned hog1702

soldier1704

sea-crowa1717

bran1720

grunter1726

calcops1727

bennet1731

bonefish1734

Negro fish1735

isinglass-fish1740

orb1740

gollin1747

smelt1776

night-walker1777

water monarch1785

hardhead1792

macaw-fish1792

yellowback1796

sea-raven1797

blueback1812

stumpnose1831

flat1847

butterfish1849

croppie1856

gubbahawn1857

silt1863

silt-snapper1863

mullet-head1866

sailor1883

hogback1893

skipper1898

stocker1904

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes A forke-fish, it is like a ray; some call it a puffin-fish.

1634 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World ix. xx. 247 Of the foresaid flat fishes some haue no finnes, as the puffin or fork-fish: for their bredth serueth them sufficiently to beare them vp, and to swim.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xix. 478/2 He beareth Azure, a Fork Fish, (or a Puffen Fish) erected, the Tail imbowed debrused, Argent.

†4. derogatory. A person puffed up with vanity or pride. Cf. puff n. 8a. Obsolete.In quot. 1612 probably with punning allusion to puffin n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > swelling or inflation with pride > [noun] > person swollen with pride

puffin1612

imposthumea1625

bloat1860

1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iii. v. sig. H2^v What shall we doe with this same Puffin [sc. Dapper], here, Now hee's o' the Spit?

1631 R. Brathwait Whimzies xiii. 103 What will this Puffin come to in time?

1661 Sir H. Vane's Politics 7 Before..that swoln Puffin rose to that growth and immense grandure.

5. = puffball n. 1a. Cf. puff n. 5. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > puff-ball

wolf's-fista1300

puckfistc1300

puff1538

earth-puff1585

foist1593

fist1597

fuzz-ball1597

puff-fist1597

bunt1601

fuzz1601

bullfist1611

mully-puff1629

fist-ball1635

puffball1649

puck-ball1730

puffin1755

lycoperdon1756

frog cheese1766

puck1766

fuzzy-ballc1850

ball smut1925

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Puffin... 3. A kind of fungus filled with dust.

1903 W. M. Morris in Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 639/2 [South Pembrokeshire] Puffing, a puff-ball, a fungus.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

puffinn.³

Brit.

/ˈpʌfɪn/, U.S.

/ˈpəfən/

Origin: Formed within English, as an acronym. Etymon: English pedestrian user friendly intelligent (crossing).

Etymology: Acronym < the initial letters of pedestrian user friendly intelligent (crossing), with punning allusion to puffin n.¹ Compare earlier pelican n. 9.

Originally and chiefly British.

More fully puffin crossing. A type of pedestrian crossing at which traffic lights are controlled in part by sensors which detect the presence of pedestrians at or on the crossing.

ΚΠ

1992 H. E. H. Davies Puffin Pedestrian Crossing 1 The Puffin is a new type of light-controlled pedestrian crossing which uses pedestrian detectors to improve efficiency.

1992 Daily Tel. 7 Feb. 24/1 The Pedestrian user-friendly intelligent crossing (Puffin) will eventually replace the Pelican..around the country.

1997 Scotsman (Electronic ed.) 18 Oct. The main noticeable difference with puffins is that the red and green man indicators..are positioned beside the button activating the crossing rather than on the opposite side of the road.

1999 Express & Echo (Exeter) (Electronic ed.) 16 Mar. Puffin crossings are to be installed... The crossings are similar to pelican crossings but the signal is held at red while people are crossing rather than changing to flashing amber.

2006 Sentinel (Stoke-on-Trent) (Nexis) 15 July 15 A new electronic puffin crossing has been installed to replace the old zebra crossing on New Road.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1337

n.²1587

n.³1992

单词	puffin
释义	puffinn.¹ Brit. /ˈpʌfɪn/, U.S. /ˈpəfən/ Forms: Middle English poffin, Middle English poffoun, Middle English pophyn, 1500s puffing (Scottish), 1500s puffyne, 1500s–1600s puffyn, 1500s– puffin, 1600s–1700s puffen. N.E.D. (1909) also records a form Middle English puffyn. Also (in senses 2 and 3) with capital initial. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a borrowing from Cornish. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps ultimately < Cornish. Compare Breton poc'han puffin (1632 or earlier in sense ‘diving bird’; of uncertain origin, perhaps related to boc'h cheek < classical Latin bucca (see bucco- comb. form); with the variation in the initial letter compare the recent derivative Breton boc'hanig puffin).Cornish popa puffin has been suggested as a possible etymon, but it may itself be < English. Compare Cornish English pope , popey duck puffin (1662 in Ray; compare quot. 1678 at sense 1b), which apparently shows transferred use of pope n.¹ Compare post-classical Latin paphinus (1237 in a British source (Cornwall)), puffo , poffo young of the Manx shearwater, as item of trade (1297–1336 in British sources), pophinus , puffinus (Gesner 1555), puphinus (1570 in a British source), and scientific Latin Puffinus , genus name of the Manx shearwater ( M. J. Brisson Ornithol. (1760) VI. 131), also a species name ( M. T. Brunnich Ornithologia borealis (1764) 119, as Procellaria puffinus ), all < English. The English word is apparently attested earlier as a surname: Adam Pufin (a1223, in a document from Dublin), Willelmo Puffin (1279). The word has often alternatively been explained as arising from or being otherwise related to puff v., puff n., or puffy adj., being variously explained as arising e.g. from the plumpness of the young (formerly considered a delicacy, compare the simile ‘as plump as a puffin’), from the soft downy clothing of the young, or from a puffing sound uttered by the bird or its young (Caius (1570) states that the name (of the shearwater) is derived ‘a naturali voce pupin’). It is possible that these associations are the result of folk etymology. (A further related suggestion that the word referred to the large ‘puffed-out’ beak can only apply to the later application of the name to Fratercula arctica: see sense 1b). N.E.D. (1909) argues that the prevalence of Middle English forms in poff- makes an origin from one of the puff- words less likely. However, puff v. does have Middle English spellings in -o- , even though these are less common than those in -u- , while on the other hand, -u- is present as early as the 13th cent. in post-classical Latin puffo and apparently also in the surname Puffin (see above). Irish puifín , †poipín , †foipín and Manx pibbin , both in sense 1b, are < English. Compare also Manx pibbin Vanninagh Manx shearwater. Compare Scottish Gaelic fachach , denoting both the puffin (compare sense 1b) and various shearwaters, of uncertain origin, perhaps imitative; compare also †fachan , fathach , both in sense 1b. French puffin shearwater (1760 in Brisson) is < English. With sense 1b compare lunda n.¹ With reference to other auks (compare sense 1c) compare puffinet n. 1. †a. Originally: the plump young of the Manx shearwater, Puffinus puffinus, esp. as taken from the nesting burrow and cured for use as food. Later: the adult Manx shearwater; = Manx puffin n. (a) at Manx adj. and n. Compounds, Manx shearwater n. at Manx adj. and n. Compounds. Obsolete.Shearwaters were sometimes classed as fish to permit their consumption during Lent. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Procellariiformes > [noun] > member of family Procellariidae (petrel) > member of genus Puffinus (shearwater) > puffinus anglorum (Manx shearwater) puffin1337 pilwater1603 lyre1654 shearwaterc1671 scrabe1676 Manx puffin1678 mackerel cock1772 Manx shearwater1835 scraber1852 1337 Caption of Seisin (of Scilly) 5 May (Duchy of Cornwall) Ran[ulphus] de Albo Monastrio tenet Insulam de Sully et r[eddit] inde ad idem f[estu]m Di[midium] marce vel ccc poffouns. 1478 W. Worcester Itineraries 24 Insula Rascow..inculta cum cuniculis et auibus vocatis pophyns. 1502 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 155 Item..to ane man of the laird of Cesnokkis that brocht puffingis to the King, xxviijs. a1529 J. Skelton Phyllyp Sparowe (?1545) sig. Bii^v The puffyn [printed pussyn] and the tele Money they shall dele To poore folke at large. a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) VI. 50 Puffins, Birdes less then Dukkes having grey Fethers like Dukkes. 1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 35^v The Puffyn..whose young ones are thence ferretted out, being exceeding fat, kept salted, and reputed for fish, as comming neerest thereto in their taste. 1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xviii. 166 Puffins, whom I may call the feathered fishes, are accounted even by the holy fatherhood of Cardinals to be no flesh but rather fish. 1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 333 The Puffin of the Isle of Man, which I take to be the Puffinus Anglorum. 1736 Sheridan Let. to Swift 12 May in Swift's Corr. (1768) IV. 159 I have twenty lambs..as plump as puffins. 1884 Yarrell's Brit. Birds IV. 21 The Manx Shearwater..owes its trivial name to Willughby, who speaks of it as the Puffin of the Isle of Man. b. A small auk, Fratercula arctica, which nests in burrows on the Arctic and northern coasts of the Atlantic and has black and white plumage and a very deep and brightly coloured bill (more fully Atlantic puffin). Later also (with distinguishing word): either of two similar auks of the genera Fratercula and Lunda, of the North Pacific. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Alcidae (auks) > [noun] > fratercula arctica (puffin) scout1596 willock1606 bottlenose1620 parrot1664 sea-parrot1664 guldenhead1676 coulterneb1678 mullet1678 puffin1678 cockandy1684 sea-coulter1684 bowger1698 norie1701 tammie norie1701 popea1705 lunda1744 rock-bird1765 puffin-auk1768 tommy noddy1769 Tomnoddy1771 Tommya1777 Tomnorry1793 Tommy1828 sea-owl1842 1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. 325 The Bird called Coulterneb at the Farn Islands, Puffin in North-Wales, in South-Wales Gulden-head, Bottle-nose, and Helegug, at Scarburgh Mullet, in Cornwal Pope. 1768 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) II. ii. 405 The Puffin. Puphinus anglicus. Gesner... Puffin, Coulterneb, &c. Wil[lughby]. 1835 J. J. Audubon Ornithol. Biogr. III. 105 On my voyage to Labrador I observed Puffins every day. 1865 P. H. Gosse Land & Sea (1874) 30 Known by the fishermen as sea parrots or coulternebs; but more generally designated in books as puffins. 1919 A. C. Bent Life Hist. N. Amer. Diving Birds 96 The puffin of the coasts and islands of the Arctic Ocean from Greenland to Nova Zembla has been separated from the common Atlantic Puffin as a large subspecies. 1930 W. M. Mann Wild Animals in & out of Zoo xx. 250 It seems a pity that such striking birds as the skimmers, shearwaters, and puffins do not do well. 2004 Bird Watch Canada Winter 3/2 The possibility of petroleum exploration off BC's coast could severely impact coastal waterbirds, including the Tufted Puffin. c. Irish English (northern). Any of several other auks. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Alcidae (auks) > [noun] > member of (auk) marrot1647 auk1673 parrotbill1778 alcid1885 puffin1885 1885 C. Swainson Provinc. Names Brit. Birds 217 Razor bill (Alca torda)... Puffin (Antrim). 1953 M. Traynor Eng. Dial. Donegal 221/1 Puffin, the black guillemot. 1996 C. I. Macafee Conc. Ulster Dict. 263/1 Puffin, a bird: (a) the guillemot Uria aalge; (b) the razorbill Alca torda. 2. In form Puffin. A proprietary name for: any of a range of children's paperback books published by Puffin Books, a division of Penguin Books Ltd. Cf. penguin n. 1c. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > kind of book > [noun] > proprietary names penguin1935 pelican1942 puffin1947 1947 Trade Marks Jrnl. 10 Sept. 535/2 Puffin... Printed publications, stationery, bookbinding materials, pens and pencils, but not including publications on puffins. 1960 Penguins Progress 1935–60 54 Each month we publish fifteen to twenty books, varying from Penguin fiction..to Penguin Handbooks and Puffins. 1969 Times 5 Nov. 13/4 There can hardly be a good children's story that has not been issued as a Puffin paperback at a price which most children can afford to save for out of pocket money. 2003 Independent on Sunday 16 Mar. i. 18/5 Each pack contains a copy of Treasure Island, and a collection of Puffin tie-in books for Treasure Planet. 3. In form Puffin. A make of duvet or eiderdown. Also more fully Puffin Downlet.A proprietary name in the United Kingdom. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > household linen > bedclothes > [noun] > outer cover > quilt > types of leatherdoom1702 duvet1759 eiderdown1872 futon1875 plumeau1875 crazy quilt1886 puff1894 puffin1959 continental quilt1969 Doona1973 quillow1989 1959 Trade Marks Jrnl. 18 Feb. 206/2 Puffin... Filled bed coverings in the nature of quilts or eiderdowns. 1970 ‘R. Crawford’ Kiss Boss Goodbye ii. viii. 107 Brenda was lying on her back on top of the Puffin Downlet. 1971 Guardian 29 Sept. 11/2 The cleaning of feather-filled continental quilts is a problem... One reader, taking her Puffin to..a well-known cleaners..was met with the blankest confusion. 1974 Times 18 July 20/2 (advt.) Continental Puffin quilts. Compounds (Sense 1b.) C1. puffin-cock n. ΚΠ 1902 N. Howard Kiartan ii. 32 Nay, they shall fight like puffin-cocks. puffin hole n. ΚΠ 1901 Wide World Mag. 8 133/1 Absorbed in the pastime of probing puffin-holes in search of eggs. 1949 Jrnl. Ecol. 37 424 Five main communities are recognized:..grass meadows,..meadows of large perennials,..nitrophilous communities of annuals,..cliff vegetation,..Puffin holes. C2. † puffin-auk n. Obsolete = sense 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Alcidae (auks) > [noun] > fratercula arctica (puffin) scout1596 willock1606 bottlenose1620 parrot1664 sea-parrot1664 guldenhead1676 coulterneb1678 mullet1678 puffin1678 cockandy1684 sea-coulter1684 bowger1698 norie1701 tammie norie1701 popea1705 lunda1744 rock-bird1765 puffin-auk1768 tommy noddy1769 Tomnoddy1771 Tommya1777 Tomnorry1793 Tommy1828 sea-owl1842 1768 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) II. ii. 408 Puffin Auk. 1796 C. Smith Marchmont II. 199 The cries of the sand-piper, the puffin-awk; the screaming gull. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). puffinn.² Brit. /ˈpʌfɪn/, U.S. /ˈpəfən/ Forms: 1500s–1700s 1900s– puffin, 1600s puffen, 1700s 1900s– puffing. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: puff n., English -in , -ing suffix¹. Etymology: Apparently < puff n. + -in, variant of -ing suffix¹. The spelling in -in was probably reinforced in sense 2 by association with pippin n. 3, and in sense 4 and perhaps also in other senses by association with puffin n.¹ †1. plural. Apparently: unrefined or coarse flour, or bean meal. Obsolete. rare.The 1919 edition of Hooker's text suggests the meaning ‘puffings, pastry puffs’. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > meal > [noun] > bean-meal lomentc1420 puffins1587 bean-meal1847 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 1022/1 In this extremitie the bakers and housholders were driuen to seeke vp their old store of puffins and bran [ed. 1919 puffyns and braune], wherewith they in times past were woont to make horssebread. [margin] Bread made of bran and of puffins. 2. A large insipid variety of apple; = puff n. 5b. Also puffin apple. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > apple > [noun] > eating-apple > types of costardc1390 bitter-sweet1393 Queening?1435 richardine?1435 blaundrellc1440 pear apple1440 tuberc1440 quarrendenc1450 birtle1483 deusan1570 apple-john1572 Richard1572 lording1573 greening1577 queen apple1579 peeler1580 darling1584 doucin1584 golding1589 puffin1589 lady's longing1591 bitter-sweeting1597 pearmain1597 paradise apple1598 garden globe1600 gastlet1600 leather-coat1600 maligar1600 pome-paradise1601 French pippin1629 gillyflower1629 king apple1635 lady apple1651 golden pippin1654 goldling1655 puff1655 cardinal1658 green fillet1662 chestnut1664 cinnamon apple1664 fenouil1664 go-no-further1664 Westbury apple1664 seek-no-farther1670 nonsuch1676 calville1691 passe-pomme1691 fennel apple1699 queen1699 genet1706 fig-apple1707 oaken pin1707 nonpareil1726 costing1731 monstrous reinette1731 Newtown pippin1760 Ribston1782 Rhode Island greening1795 oslin1801 fall pippin1803 monstrous pippin1817 Newtown Spitzenburg1817 Gravenstein1821 Red Astrachan1822 Tolman sweet1822 grange apple1823 orange pippin1823 Baldwin1826 Sturmer Pippin1831 Newtowner1846 Northern Spy1847 Blenheim Orange1860 Cox1860 McIntosh Red1876 Worcester1877 raspberry apple1894 delicious1898 Laxton's Superb1920 Macoun1924 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > apple > eating-apple > types of costardc1390 bitter-sweet1393 pippin?1435 pomewater?1435 Queening?1435 richardine?1435 blaundrellc1440 pear apple1440 tuberc1440 quarrendenc1450 birtle1483 sweeting1530 pomeroyal1534 renneta1568 deusan1570 apple-john1572 Richard1572 lording1573 russeting1573 greening1577 queen apple1579 peeler1580 reinette1582 darling1584 doucin1584 golding1589 puffin1589 lady's longing1591 bitter-sweeting1597 pearmain1597 paradise apple1598 garden globe1600 gastlet1600 leather-coat1600 maligar1600 pomeroy1600 short-start1600 jenneting1601 pome-paradise1601 russet coat1602 John apple1604 honey apple1611 honeymeal1611 musk apple1611 short-shank1611 spice apple1611 French pippin1629 king apple1635 lady apple1651 golden pippin1654 goldling1655 puff1655 cardinal1658 renneting1658 green fillet1662 chestnut1664 cinnamon apple1664 fenouil1664 go-no-further1664 reinetting1664 Westbury apple1664 seek-no-farther1670 nonsuch1676 white-wining1676 russet1686 calville1691 fennel apple1699 queen1699 genet1706 fig-apple1707 oaken pin1707 musk1708 nonpareil1726 costing1731 monstrous reinette1731 Newtown pippin1760 Ribston1782 Rhode Island greening1795 oslin1801 wine apple1802 fall pippin1803 monstrous pippin1817 Newtown Spitzenburg1817 Gravenstein1821 Red Astrachan1822 Tolman sweet1822 grange apple1823 orange pippin1823 Baldwin1826 wine-sap1826 Jonathan1831 Sturmer Pippin1831 rusty-coat1843 Newtowner1846 Northern Spy1847 Cornish gilliflowerc1850 Blenheim Orange1860 Cox1860 nutmeg pippin1860 McIntosh Red1876 Worcester1877 raspberry apple1894 delicious1898 Laxton's Superb1920 Melba apple1928 Melba1933 Mutsu1951 Newtown1953 discovery1964 1589 J. Rider Bibliotheca Scholastica 47 An Apple... A Puffin, otherwise called an 100. shillings, Malum pulmoneum. 1718 Meager's New Art of Gardening (new ed.) 72 Apples. Fear Apple.., the Russet Pippin, the Puffin, the Cole Apple, [etc.]. 1736 R. Ainsworth Thes. Linguæ Latinæ A puffin apple, Malum pulmonium. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Puffingapple, a sort of apple. Ainsworth. 1993 J. Morgan & A. Richards Bk. of Apples 248/1 Puffin... Large. Soft, white flesh, but little flavour. Cooked, very little taste. †3. More fully puffin fish. The thornback ray, Raja clavata. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > unspecified types > [noun] whalec950 tumbrelc1300 sprout1340 squame1393 codmop1466 whitefish1482 lineshark?a1500 salen1508 glaucus1509 bretcock1522 warcodling1525 razor1530 bassinatc1540 goldeney1542 smy1552 maiden1555 grail1587 whiting1587 needle1589 pintle-fish1591 goldfish1598 puffin fish1598 quap1598 stork1600 black-tail1601 ellops1601 fork-fish1601 sea-grape1601 sea-lizard1601 sea-raven1601 barne1602 plosher1602 whale-mouse1607 bowman1610 catfish1620 hog1620 kettle-fish1630 sharpa1636 carda1641 housewifea1641 roucotea1641 ox-fisha1642 sea-serpent1646 croaker1651 alderling1655 butkin1655 shamefish1655 yard1655 sea-dart1664 sea-pelican1664 Negro1666 sea-parrot1666 sea-blewling1668 sea-stickling1668 skull-fish1668 whale's guide1668 sennet1671 barracuda1678 skate-bread1681 tuck-fish1681 swallowtail1683 piaba1686 pit-fish1686 sand-creeper1686 horned hog1702 soldier1704 sea-crowa1717 bran1720 grunter1726 calcops1727 bennet1731 bonefish1734 Negro fish1735 isinglass-fish1740 orb1740 gollin1747 smelt1776 night-walker1777 water monarch1785 hardhead1792 macaw-fish1792 yellowback1796 sea-raven1797 blueback1812 stumpnose1831 flat1847 butterfish1849 croppie1856 gubbahawn1857 silt1863 silt-snapper1863 mullet-head1866 sailor1883 hogback1893 skipper1898 stocker1904 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes A forke-fish, it is like a ray; some call it a puffin-fish. 1634 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World ix. xx. 247 Of the foresaid flat fishes some haue no finnes, as the puffin or fork-fish: for their bredth serueth them sufficiently to beare them vp, and to swim. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. xix. 478/2 He beareth Azure, a Fork Fish, (or a Puffen Fish) erected, the Tail imbowed debrused, Argent. †4. derogatory. A person puffed up with vanity or pride. Cf. puff n. 8a. Obsolete.In quot. 1612 probably with punning allusion to puffin n.¹ ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pride > swelling or inflation with pride > [noun] > person swollen with pride puffin1612 imposthumea1625 bloat1860 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iii. v. sig. H2^v What shall we doe with this same Puffin [sc. Dapper], here, Now hee's o' the Spit? View more context for this quotation 1631 R. Brathwait Whimzies xiii. 103 What will this Puffin come to in time? 1661 Sir H. Vane's Politics 7 Before..that swoln Puffin rose to that growth and immense grandure. 5. = puffball n. 1a. Cf. puff n. 5. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > puff-ball wolf's-fista1300 puckfistc1300 puff1538 earth-puff1585 foist1593 fist1597 fuzz-ball1597 puff-fist1597 bunt1601 fuzz1601 bullfist1611 mully-puff1629 fist-ball1635 puffball1649 puck-ball1730 puffin1755 lycoperdon1756 frog cheese1766 puck1766 fuzzy-ballc1850 ball smut1925 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Puffin... 3. A kind of fungus filled with dust. 1903 W. M. Morris in Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 639/2 [South Pembrokeshire] Puffing, a puff-ball, a fungus. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). puffinn.³ Brit. /ˈpʌfɪn/, U.S. /ˈpəfən/ Origin: Formed within English, as an acronym. Etymon: English pedestrian user friendly intelligent (crossing). Etymology: Acronym < the initial letters of pedestrian user friendly intelligent (crossing), with punning allusion to puffin n.¹ Compare earlier pelican n. 9. Originally and chiefly British. More fully puffin crossing. A type of pedestrian crossing at which traffic lights are controlled in part by sensors which detect the presence of pedestrians at or on the crossing. ΚΠ 1992 H. E. H. Davies Puffin Pedestrian Crossing 1 The Puffin is a new type of light-controlled pedestrian crossing which uses pedestrian detectors to improve efficiency. 1992 Daily Tel. 7 Feb. 24/1 The Pedestrian user-friendly intelligent crossing (Puffin) will eventually replace the Pelican..around the country. 1997 Scotsman (Electronic ed.) 18 Oct. The main noticeable difference with puffins is that the red and green man indicators..are positioned beside the button activating the crossing rather than on the opposite side of the road. 1999 Express & Echo (Exeter) (Electronic ed.) 16 Mar. Puffin crossings are to be installed... The crossings are similar to pelican crossings but the signal is held at red while people are crossing rather than changing to flashing amber. 2006 Sentinel (Stoke-on-Trent) (Nexis) 15 July 15 A new electronic puffin crossing has been installed to replace the old zebra crossing on New Road. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1337n.²1587n.³1992
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puffinn.1

Compounds

puffinn.2

puffinn.3

puffinn.¹

puffinn.²

puffinn.³