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单词 pulled
释义

pulledadj.

Brit. /pʊld/, U.S. /pʊld/
Forms: see pull v. and -ed suffix1.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pull v., -ed suffix1.
Etymology: < pull v. + -ed suffix1.
1.
a. Of a feather, fruit, flower, etc.: plucked; picked.Frequently with preceding adverb or adjective.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > [adjective] > removed or taken away > plucking or plucked
pulleda1325
plucking1577
plucked1774
a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Arun.) (1857) 166 (MED) Cyl ke le oysel ad plume, Meuz voudrey ke il eust noys perluchee [glossed] pullet notes.
1495 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 19 Bolsters and pillows made..of scalded feders and drie pulled feders to gedre.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 51 Some outliggers twine theire bandes and others againe make them of pulled corne.
1763 New Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 285/2 The mixing of feathers, down, scalded feathers, dry pulled feathers, any ways together, is conceived to be contagious for a man's body to lie on.
1774 W. Hutchinson Excursion to Lakes 60 They looked like fresh pulled flowers thrown upon velvet.
1885 M. Arnold Poems II. 11 Sad-chanting maidens clad in mourning robes, With pitchers in their hands, and fresh-pull'd flowers.
1903 R. Kipling Five Nations 40 To a couch of new-pulled hemlock.
1943 T. L. McClelland Fiber-Flax Machinery (U.S. Dept. Agric. Circular No. 667) 10 Deseeders of the type developed by the Department deseed approximately 15 tons of pulled flax per 8-hour day.
2005 C. T. Erler New Compl. Home Landscaping xi. 271/2 Use the pulled weeds as additional mulch, or throw them on the compost heap.
b. Originally North American. Of wool: taken from the skin of a dead sheep.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > wool > [adjective] > from specific animal
pulled1813
alpaca1824
mestizo1854
cross-bred1962
1813 Arch. Useful Knowl. Apr. 338 Pulled wool and shorn wool should also be kept apart.
1832 Niles' Reg. 29 Sept. 67/1 There continues a good demand for fleece and pulled wool.
1863 H. S. Randall Pract. Shepherd 175 Pulled wool is not as well adapted to some purposes as sheared wool.
1934 J. R. Hind Woollen & Worsted Raw Materials iii. 19 The removal of the wool is done by plucking or flipping the wool from the skins, which has given these wools the name of ‘flipe’ or ‘slipe’. In the American wool trade, skin wool is known as ‘pulled wool’.
1963 E. M. Pohle in W. von Bergen Wool Handbk. (ed. 3) I. ix. 668 The domestic production of pulled wool in 1944 reached an all time high of 74 million pounds.
2003 P. R. Lord Handbk. Yarn Production (new ed.) ii. 33 Pulled wool may alternatively be described as ‘skin wool’ or ‘slipes’.
2. From which wool, hair, etc., has been plucked or stripped. †Of a bird: plucked (obsolete). Cf. pull v. 1. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > [adjective] > with hair removed
unhaired1852
pulled1897
c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 177 He yaf nat of that text a pulled hen.
c1450 (?a1370) Wynnere & Wastoure (1990) l. 493 The herouns, þe hasteleteȝ þe henne wele [to] serue þe pertrikes, þe plouers þe oþer pulled byrddes.
1508 W. Kennedy Flyting (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems W. Dunbar (1998) I. 217 To suelly the in stede of a pullit hen.
1592 Edinb. Test. XXIV. f. 53, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Pullit Thrie dosone of gait skynnis..ane dosone pullit skynnis.
1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. viii. 31 They grubb'd up his reverend haires by the roots, and left his chin as bare, as a pull'd hens rump.
1682 Satyr to Muse 190 So by old Plato man was once defin'd, Till a pull'd Cock that Notion undermin'd.
1897 19th Cent. Nov. 736 The other half [of the table] is covered with pulled skins waiting to be taken into ‘shop’.
1951 A. Munnings Second Burst 150 Looking at the painting to-day, I am vexed to think that the foolish fashion of hog-maning and pulled tails should ever have existed and have been thought the thing.
3. Brought low in health or spirits; depressed; enfeebled, ailing, run-down. Usually with down. Cf. pull v. 19a, to pull down 1 at pull v. Phrasal verbs.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > [adjective]
ungladc888
wearyc888
drearyc1000
dreary-moodOE
heavyc1000
unmerryOE
droopy?c1225
mournc1275
sada1300
languishinga1325
amayedc1330
matec1330
unlightc1330
unblissful1340
lowa1382
mishappyc1390
dullc1393
elengely1393
droopinga1400
heavy-hearteda1400
joylessa1400
sytefula1400
mornifc1400
tristy?c1400
lightless?1406
heartlessa1413
tristc1420
amatec1425
languoring?c1425
mirthlessc1430
heavisome1435
darkc1440
gloomingc1440
comfortlessc1460
amateda1470
chermatc1475
tristfula1492
lustless?1507
dolorous1513
ruthful1513
downcast1521
deject1528
heartsicka1529
lumpisha1535
coolc1540
dowlyc1540
glum1547
discouraged1548
uncheerfulc1555
dumpish1560
out of heart1565
sadded1566
amoped1573
tristive1578
desolated1580
dejected1581
à la mort1586
delightless1589
afflicted1590
gladless1590
groanful1590
gloomya1593
muddy1592
sitheful1592
cloudy1594
leaden-hearted1596
disconsolated1598
clum1599
life-weary1599
spiritless1600
dusky1602
chop-fallen1604
flat1604
disanimated1605
jaw-fallen1605
moped1606
chap-fallen1608
decheerful1608
uncheerful1612
lacklustrea1616
pulled1616
dumpya1618
depressed1621
head-hung1632
grum1640
downa1644
dispirited1647
down-at-mouth1649
down in (rarely of) the mouth1649
unhearted1650
sunlessa1658
sadful1658
unlightened1659
chagrin1665
saddened1665
damp1667
moping1674
desponding1688
tristitious1694
unenjoying1697
unraised1697
unheartya1699
unked1698
despondent1699
dismal1705
unjoyful1709
unrejoiced1714
dreara1717
disheartened1720
mumpish1721
unrejoicing1726
downhearted1742
out of spirits1745
chagrineda1754
low-spirited1753
sombrea1767
black-blooded1771
glumpy1780
oorie1787
sombrous1789
morose1791
Novemberish1793
glumpish1800
mopeful1800
die-away1802
blue-devilish1804
blue-devilled1807
malagrugrous1818
down in the hip1826
yonderly1828
sunshineless1831
downfaced1832
broody1851
in a (or the) trough1856
blue-devilly1871
drooped1873
glummy1884
pippy1886
humpy1889
pipped1914
lousy1933
pissed1943
crappy1956
doomy1961
bummed1970
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > with reduced vitality
pulled1616
down-man1670
untoned1803
wilted1809
collapsed1847
toneless1854
1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. i. 14 In his flesh pull'd downe As hee had liu'd in a beleaguerd towne.
1801 Ld. Nelson Let. 2 May in Sotheby's Catal. 15 June (1897) 19 I am dreadfully pulled down.
1831 T. Moore Mem. (1854) VI. 224 Found him looking a good deal pulled.
1877 Queen Victoria More Leaves (1884) 334 His leg [is] now really fairly well, but he looks pulled.
1895 A. W. Pinero Second Mrs. Tanqueray 88 You look dreadfully pulled down. We poor women show illness so plainly in our faces.
1896 ‘L. Malet’ Carissima v. 170 I don't feel quite easy about him. He looks very pulled and worn to me.
1914 ‘Saki’ When William Came ii. 32 ‘Poor dear, how dreadfully pulled-down you look,’ said Cicely... ‘It's been a slow business, getting well,’ said Yeovil.
1979 Advocate News (Barbados) 18 Mar. 11 Recovery may be prompt or slow, but the general result is to leave the sufferer very much ‘pulled down’ or physically weakened.
4. Of meat (originally poultry, later esp. pork): prepared by being cooked (in later use spec. barbecued) until it is tender enough to be easily cut or torn into small pieces.Chiefly U.S. in the late 20th century.
ΚΠ
1737 Smith's Compl. Housewife (ed. 8) 24 Pull'd Chickens. Boil six Chickens..flea them, and pull the white flesh all off..put it in a stew-pan with half a pint of cream.
1749 Defoe's Roxana (new ed.) 358 We ordered for Supper a Cod to be boiled, a Fricasey of Rabbits, and two pulled Chickens.
1786 Yorks. Mag. July 199/2 There is not a cook between London and the Land's End who knows how to dress a turtle or a pulled fowl.
1800 E. Moxon Eng. Housewifery (new ed.) 29 How to make pulled Rabbits.
1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. x. 123 (heading) A treat for both parties of pulled-chicken, at my expense.
1874 Belgravia Nov. 61 He found himself dispensing pulled chickens, pâté de foie gras, and cup to his really lovely relatives and their buxom mamma.
1922 A. Jekyll Kitchen Ess. 143 Here is a good recipe for a Réchauffé after the stages of pulled, grilled, and devilled have been passed.
1977 New Mexican (Santa Fe) 2 June d7 (advt.) Barbecue pulled pork 1 lb..potato salad..cole slaw..all for $3.89.
1983 Nation's Restaurant News 21 Nov. 114/3 One large display case holds barbecued chicken, ribs and duck; North Carolina pulled pork with barbecue sauce [etc.].
2006 Dallas Morning News (Nexis) 12 May (Guide section) 4 Barbecue platters offer pulled pork, pulled chicken, smoked turkey and sausage.
2014 Nottingham Post (Nexis) 31 Dec. Pulled pork, sticky BBQ pork ribs, smoked salmon or melted Brie with crusty bread are available from noon until 9pm.
5. That is or has been drawn or dragged by means of a dragging or tugging force; drawn, tugged, hauled. Frequently with preceding noun designating the animal, etc., providing the pulling force. Also with adverb: moved or extended in the specified direction by pulling.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impelling or driving > pushing and pulling > [adjective] > relating to or used in pulling > pulled
yluggyd1399
drawn1565
trailed1653
pulled1851
1851 Times 23 Apr. 5/4 Three circular blocks..placed one over the other, so as to look like a pulled out telescope.
1931 Amer. Mercury Jan. 56/2 This black Ichabod riding on a springy mule-pulled cart to and from his school.
1951 Sci. Amer. Aug. 68/3 A pushed conveyance such as a wheelbarrow..is..less accident-prone than the pulled four-wheel truck.
1980 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 84 8/2 There are jars with short pulled-up necks.
1990 in J. Faley Up oor Close vi. 103 One of the things I particularly remember in the street were the coalmen coming round. Horse-pulled, yes, a horse-drawn lorry.
6. Sport. Designating a shot that has been pulled. Cf. pull v. 31.
ΚΠ
1890 H. G. Hutchinson in H. G. Hutchinson et al. Golf (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) iv. 112 All pulled balls start away low; all sliced balls start away high.
1910 Westm. Gaz. 21 Apr. 16/2 The sixth is a hole of 455 yards, at which ‘pulls’ and ‘slices’ are heavily punished—a ‘pulled’ drive can hardly escape going out of bounds.
1977 S. Wales Echo 18 Jan. 14/6 A pulled drive by Amiss brought four more runs off the same bowler.
1988 R. Angell Season Ticket (1989) iii. 71 [He]..is an indomitable closer..and it seemed forehanded..that the O's got him out of there in the seventh, with a double..and a pulled hard single.
2003 J. W. Finegan All Courses Great & Small 37 A pair of bunkers in the crook of the dogleg at the bottom of the hill await the pulled drive.
7. Of a muscle or tendon: strained or partially torn, usually from overuse or overextension. Cf. pull v. 22.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > disorders affecting muscles > [adjective] > sprain or strain
wrenched1556
sprained1606
strained1611
raxed1824
ricked1839
paratonic1857
wrangled1876
sprung1912
pulled1913
1913 Fitchburg (Mass.) Daily Sentinel 12 Apr. 5/4 The doctor decided it was simply a pulled tendon directly under the collar bone.
1943 Times 15 Feb. 2/5 The Army on this occasion had T. G. Jackson limping with a pulled muscle in the first five minutes.
2004 S. Graham Move without Ball i. 13 Once a coach caught him doing 525-pound dead lifts on a pulled hamstring.

Compounds

pulled bread n. irregular pieces of bread pulled from the inside of a (usually newly-baked) loaf and lightly rebaked until crisp.
ΚΠ
1851 Harper's Mag. Sept. 488/1 Masses [of dough] resembling in shape Brobdignag pieces of pulled bread.
1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 402 Toast or ‘pulled’ bread or biscuits often well replace bread.
1918 Times 1 May 9/6 The big family starts out for the park again in their prams, returning at 4 for their ‘tea’ of milk and rusks, or pulled bread and butter and jam.
1961 B. L. Brammer Gay Place 55 Pie with a piece of Stilton, and pulled bread and a pint of Club Médoc.
1987 Newsday 28 Oct. iii. 3/2 ‘You never had pulled bread?’ she asked, incredulous. ‘It's the other great thing—besides French toast—to do with stale bread.’
pulled elbow n. subluxation of the head of the radius in relation to the humerus, seen esp. in small children, often after being pulled up by the arm.
ΚΠ
1902 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 12 Apr. (Epitome) 58 The abnormal condition known as ‘pulled elbow’..supposed to be due to subluxation of the head of the radius.
1977 Times 9 Nov. 6/1 Pulled elbow is a condition often brought about by lifting a small child..off its feet by one arm.
2000 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald-Jrnl. 19 Sept. e6/2 The best treatment of pulled elbow is prevention.
pulled work n. the ornamental working of woven fabric by pulling its constituent threads out of alignment (with or without subsequent needlework); cloth worked in this way.
ΚΠ
1889 Kansas City (Missouri) Star 16 Apr. 2/6 Children's Lawn Caps with pulled work and hand embroidery.
1906 La Crosse (Wisconsin) Tribune 12 Jan. 2/3 A handsome portiere or set of curtains may be made by ornamenting some rich material..with a deep border of ‘pulled’ work.
1981 Good Housek.: Embroidery 8 With the exception of pulled work, choose an embroidery needle with a eye large enough to hold the thread and small enough to pass easily through the fabric.
2005 Commercial Appeal (Memphis, Tennessee) (Nexis) 18 Sept. There's one person who does beautiful ribbon embroidery and another who does lovely white pulled work.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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