putrefactiveadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌpjuːtrᵻˈfaktɪv/, U.S.

/ˌpjutrəˈfæktɪv/

Forms: late Middle English putrefactif, late Middle English putrefactyue, late Middle English putrifactyue, late Middle English–1500s putrefactiue, 1500s putrifactife, 1600s putrifactiue, 1600s– putrefactive, 1600s– putrifactive (now nonstandard).

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French putrefactif; Latin putrefactivus.

Etymology: < Middle French putrefactif causing or inducing putrefaction (1314 in Old French; French putréfactif ) and its etymon post-classical Latin putrefactivus causing or inducing putrefaction (from a1250 in British sources; 1363 in Chauliac) < classical Latin putrefact- , past participial stem of putrefacere putrefact v. + -īvus -ive suffix. In use as noun after post-classical Latin putrefactiva (1363 in Chauliac), use as noun (short for medicina putrefactiva) of feminine singular of putrefactivus. Compare Catalan putrefactiu (1491), Spanish putrefactivo (1493 as putrefativo), Italian putrefattivo characteristic of putrefaction, causing putrefaction (end of the 14th cent.).

A. adj.

1. Causing or inducing putrefaction.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective] > causing corruption or putridness

putrefactive?a1425

rotting?c1425

putrefying1565

putrid1628

putrefactory1650

putrefacient1849

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > rotten or putrefied > causing rot or putrefaction

putrefactive?a1425

rotting?c1425

putrefying1565

corruptive1609

putrid1628

putrefactory1650

putrefacient1849

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 65^v To apostemez appropriateþ Haly Abbas & Auicen an emplastre of mineralez with aceto, not pultez putrifactyue [?c1425 Paris roten; L. putrefactivas] ne hote water þat is wont for to helpe oþer flegmonez.

c1475 tr. Henri de Mondeville Surgery (Wellcome) f. 162 (MED) Þou schalt neuere putte no fatt þing vndir þe brayn panne, ffor al þing þat is vnctuous is putrefactiue & penetratif.

1584 T. Chaloner Shorte Disc. Nitre f. 2 The action and leauening of putrefactiue heate.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxviii. ix. 321 Their bloud is corrosive by nature, and putrifactive.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clvi. 460 The medicines are either corrosiue, putrifactiue, or caustick.

1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §69 Where the obstruction is attended with a putrefactive alkali.

1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. v. 99 The existence of some putrefactive ferment.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 165 Putrid softening is due to the invasion of putrefactive bacteria.

1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxx. 370 Living cultures, particularly of L. acidophilus..have been recommended by some workers, particularly in America, for various intestinal disorders, e.g., to suppress the growth of putrefactive organisms.

1988 Microbios Lett. 38 105 The polyamine compositions of the putrefactive bacteria seem to have a relationship with the salt concentration in the environment.

†2. Undergoing or subject to putrefaction; corruptible. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective] > corrupt or putrid

rottingeOE

foulOE

rotted?c1225

rottena1250

corruptc1380

putrefieda1413

putrid?a1425

ranka1425

rottenly1435

pourryc1450

moskin1531

corrupped1533

corrupting1567

attainted1573

rot1573

putrefacted1574

baggage1576

tainted1577

pury1602

putrefactious1609

putrefactive1610

taint1620

putrescent1624

festerous1628

putid1660

scandalous1676

rottenish1691

putrefying1746–7

septic1746

corrupted1807

decomposing1833

decomposed1846

seething1875

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > rotten or putrefied > becoming rotten or putrefied

rottingeOE

corrupting1567

putrefactive1610

putrescent1624

festerous1628

putrefying1746–7

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [adjective] > corrupted or corrupt > able to be

putrefactive1661

corruptible1677

debauchable1865

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clxxiii. 487 It cleanseth al putrifactiue humors.

1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 214 If momentany [sic] and putrefactive man can undiscerned and unburthen'd bear so much about him.

3. Of, relating to, produced by, or characterized by putrefaction; indicative of putrefaction.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective]

purulent?a1425

carrionc1522

carrionly1567

corruptible1584

putrilaginous1598

putrid1610

putrefactive1646

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > rotten or putrefied > relating to putrefaction

corruptible1584

putrid1610

putrefactive1646

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. vi. 95 Making putrifactive generations correspondent unto seminal productions..when the Oxe corrupteth into Bees, or the Horses into hornets.

1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. i. xii. 60 If the Bone be corrupted, the putrefactive Smell will discover it.

1705 Wiseman's Eight Chirurg. Treat. (ed. 4) i. xii. 61 One being affected with a putrefactive Ulcer to the Bone, part whereof lay bare under the Nail of one of her Great-Toes, I advised the cutting off that Joint.

1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 111 The third generates an alkaline salt;..this last sort takes the name of the Putrid or Putrefactive Fermentation.

1799 R. Saumarez New Syst. Physiol. II. (ed. 2) 147 Serum..is verging to a state of decomposition from the moment it is obtained from the living system, and finally undergoes the putrefactive process.

1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. iv. 90 The authors..had mistaken for lice some other species of insects, which are not unfrequently found in putrefactive sores.

1838 Penny Cycl. X. 237/2 Fermentation is of three kinds: the vinous, producing alcohol; the acetous, yielding vinegar; and the putrefactive, of which the products are very variable and usually fetid.

1912 E. J. Russell Soil Conditions & Plant Growth 86 The ammonia produced after four days at 20° is taken as a measure of the ‘putrefactive power’ or, as it is often called, the ‘ammonifying power’ of the soil.

1989 M. Kramer Making Sense of Wine iv. 79 Theories of a chemical or putrefactive cause for fermentation.

2002 D. Carlin Acid-base Balancing 154 A harsh putrifactive environment in the intestines makes for mean and nasty bacteria.

†B. n.

A medicinal agent that causes putrefaction. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > [noun] > drugs for causing putrefaction

putrefactive?a1425

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 174^v Corrosiuez..Of which bene 3 spices, s. ffeble, Strong, & most strong: ffeble bene seid Corrosiuez; Strong, putrefactiuez [?c1425 Paris rotyng medecynes; L. putrefactive]; Most strong bene seid causticez & ruptoriez..Corrosiuez wirkeþ nouȝt bot in softe flesh & superficiale, Putrefactiuez in skyn & flesh hard & profounde.

?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 94 (MED) Also, a man schal neuere leie no putrefactiues oþer maturatiues to sinewes neiþer to cordes neiþir to brawnes & oþere sucche.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clvi. 461 The corrosiues are weaker then the putrifactiues, and the putrifactiues are weaker then the caustickes.

1720 E. R. Experienc'd Farrier (ed. 4) i. xxxi. 130 Now your Putrefactives are such Medicines as we do commonly apply to Swellings, which we do make for the most part of Medicines compounded.

1782 A. S. Gentleman's Compl. Jockey 116 Corrosives work in the soft flesh, putrefactives in the hard.

Derivatives

† putrefactiveness n. Obsolete rare Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Putrefactiveness, the state or quality of being putrefactive.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	putrefactive
释义	putrefactiveadj.n. Brit. /ˌpjuːtrᵻˈfaktɪv/, U.S. /ˌpjutrəˈfæktɪv/ Forms: late Middle English putrefactif, late Middle English putrefactyue, late Middle English putrifactyue, late Middle English–1500s putrefactiue, 1500s putrifactife, 1600s putrifactiue, 1600s– putrefactive, 1600s– putrifactive (now nonstandard). Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French putrefactif; Latin putrefactivus. Etymology: < Middle French putrefactif causing or inducing putrefaction (1314 in Old French; French putréfactif ) and its etymon post-classical Latin putrefactivus causing or inducing putrefaction (from a1250 in British sources; 1363 in Chauliac) < classical Latin putrefact- , past participial stem of putrefacere putrefact v. + -īvus -ive suffix. In use as noun after post-classical Latin putrefactiva (1363 in Chauliac), use as noun (short for medicina putrefactiva) of feminine singular of putrefactivus. Compare Catalan putrefactiu (1491), Spanish putrefactivo (1493 as putrefativo), Italian putrefattivo characteristic of putrefaction, causing putrefaction (end of the 14th cent.). A. adj. 1. Causing or inducing putrefaction. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective] > causing corruption or putridness putrefactive?a1425 rotting?c1425 putrefying1565 putrid1628 putrefactory1650 putrefacient1849 the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > rotten or putrefied > causing rot or putrefaction putrefactive?a1425 rotting?c1425 putrefying1565 corruptive1609 putrid1628 putrefactory1650 putrefacient1849 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 65^v To apostemez appropriateþ Haly Abbas & Auicen an emplastre of mineralez with aceto, not pultez putrifactyue [?c1425 Paris roten; L. putrefactivas] ne hote water þat is wont for to helpe oþer flegmonez. c1475 tr. Henri de Mondeville Surgery (Wellcome) f. 162 (MED) Þou schalt neuere putte no fatt þing vndir þe brayn panne, ffor al þing þat is vnctuous is putrefactiue & penetratif. 1584 T. Chaloner Shorte Disc. Nitre f. 2 The action and leauening of putrefactiue heate. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxviii. ix. 321 Their bloud is corrosive by nature, and putrifactive. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clvi. 460 The medicines are either corrosiue, putrifactiue, or caustick. 1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §69 Where the obstruction is attended with a putrefactive alkali. 1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. I. v. 99 The existence of some putrefactive ferment. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 165 Putrid softening is due to the invasion of putrefactive bacteria. 1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxx. 370 Living cultures, particularly of L. acidophilus..have been recommended by some workers, particularly in America, for various intestinal disorders, e.g., to suppress the growth of putrefactive organisms. 1988 Microbios Lett. 38 105 The polyamine compositions of the putrefactive bacteria seem to have a relationship with the salt concentration in the environment. †2. Undergoing or subject to putrefaction; corruptible. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective] > corrupt or putrid rottingeOE foulOE rotted?c1225 rottena1250 corruptc1380 putrefieda1413 putrid?a1425 ranka1425 rottenly1435 pourryc1450 moskin1531 corrupped1533 corrupting1567 attainted1573 rot1573 putrefacted1574 baggage1576 tainted1577 pury1602 putrefactious1609 putrefactive1610 taint1620 putrescent1624 festerous1628 putid1660 scandalous1676 rottenish1691 putrefying1746–7 septic1746 corrupted1807 decomposing1833 decomposed1846 seething1875 the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > rotten or putrefied > becoming rotten or putrefied rottingeOE corrupting1567 putrefactive1610 putrescent1624 festerous1628 putrefying1746–7 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > [adjective] > corrupted or corrupt > able to be putrefactive1661 corruptible1677 debauchable1865 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clxxiii. 487 It cleanseth al putrifactiue humors. 1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 214 If momentany [sic] and putrefactive man can undiscerned and unburthen'd bear so much about him. 3. Of, relating to, produced by, or characterized by putrefaction; indicative of putrefaction. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective] purulent?a1425 carrionc1522 carrionly1567 corruptible1584 putrilaginous1598 putrid1610 putrefactive1646 the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > rotten or putrefied > relating to putrefaction corruptible1584 putrid1610 putrefactive1646 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. vi. 95 Making putrifactive generations correspondent unto seminal productions..when the Oxe corrupteth into Bees, or the Horses into hornets. View more context for this quotation 1676 R. Wiseman Severall Chirurg. Treat. i. xii. 60 If the Bone be corrupted, the putrefactive Smell will discover it. 1705 Wiseman's Eight Chirurg. Treat. (ed. 4) i. xii. 61 One being affected with a putrefactive Ulcer to the Bone, part whereof lay bare under the Nail of one of her Great-Toes, I advised the cutting off that Joint. 1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 111 The third generates an alkaline salt;..this last sort takes the name of the Putrid or Putrefactive Fermentation. 1799 R. Saumarez New Syst. Physiol. II. (ed. 2) 147 Serum..is verging to a state of decomposition from the moment it is obtained from the living system, and finally undergoes the putrefactive process. 1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. iv. 90 The authors..had mistaken for lice some other species of insects, which are not unfrequently found in putrefactive sores. 1838 Penny Cycl. X. 237/2 Fermentation is of three kinds: the vinous, producing alcohol; the acetous, yielding vinegar; and the putrefactive, of which the products are very variable and usually fetid. 1912 E. J. Russell Soil Conditions & Plant Growth 86 The ammonia produced after four days at 20° is taken as a measure of the ‘putrefactive power’ or, as it is often called, the ‘ammonifying power’ of the soil. 1989 M. Kramer Making Sense of Wine iv. 79 Theories of a chemical or putrefactive cause for fermentation. 2002 D. Carlin Acid-base Balancing 154 A harsh putrifactive environment in the intestines makes for mean and nasty bacteria. †B. n. A medicinal agent that causes putrefaction. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > [noun] > drugs for causing putrefaction putrefactive?a1425 ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 174^v Corrosiuez..Of which bene 3 spices, s. ffeble, Strong, & most strong: ffeble bene seid Corrosiuez; Strong, putrefactiuez [?c1425 Paris rotyng medecynes; L. putrefactive]; Most strong bene seid causticez & ruptoriez..Corrosiuez wirkeþ nouȝt bot in softe flesh & superficiale, Putrefactiuez in skyn & flesh hard & profounde. ?a1425 MS Hunterian 95 f. 94 (MED) Also, a man schal neuere leie no putrefactiues oþer maturatiues to sinewes neiþer to cordes neiþir to brawnes & oþere sucche. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clvi. 461 The corrosiues are weaker then the putrifactiues, and the putrifactiues are weaker then the caustickes. 1720 E. R. Experienc'd Farrier (ed. 4) i. xxxi. 130 Now your Putrefactives are such Medicines as we do commonly apply to Swellings, which we do make for the most part of Medicines compounded. 1782 A. S. Gentleman's Compl. Jockey 116 Corrosives work in the soft flesh, putrefactives in the hard. Derivatives † putrefactiveness n. Obsolete rare Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Putrefactiveness, the state or quality of being putrefactive. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.?a1425
随便看	dragonfeet dragonfish dragonflies dragonfly dragonfruit dragonfruits dragongreen dragonguarded dragonhame dragonhole dragonhood dragonise dragonised dragonises dragonish dragonising dragonism dragonize dragonized dragonizes dragonizing dragonkiller dragonkind dragonlegend dragonlike