purflen.

Brit.

/ˈpəːfl/, U.S.

/ˈpərf(ə)l/

Forms: Middle English porfyl, Middle English purfel, Middle English purfelle, Middle English purfiel, Middle English purfil, Middle English purfoyl, Middle English purfuyll, Middle English purfyl, Middle English purfyle, Middle English purphile, Middle English (1600s in sense 3) porfil, Middle English (1600s in sense 3) porfile, Middle English 1700s purfile, 1500s purfell, 1500s purflue (in sense 2), 1500s purful, 1500s purfull, 1500s purfyll, 1500s– purfle, 1600s porphile (in sense 3), 1600s–1700s pourfil (in sense 3); also Scottish pre-1700 purfel, pre-1700 purfele, pre-1700 purfell, pre-1700 purphaif (transmission error), pre-1700 purphell. N.E.D. (1909) also records forms late Middle English purfell, late Middle English purfull.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French purfil.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman purfil, purfile, purfaile, Anglo-Norman and Middle French porfil, Middle French pourfil border on a piece of clothing (c1160 in Old French), outline drawing, profile (16th cent., after Italian profilo profile n.; French †pourfil ) < por- , pur- , pour- pur- prefix + fil thread (see file n.²). Compare Italian profilo (see above); also (with different prefix) post-classical Latin perfilum woven cloth (14th cent.), Old Occitan perfil border, fringe, trimming (13th cent.), Catalan perfil textile border, fringe, trimming (late 14th cent.; 1647 in sense ‘profile’), Spanish perfil textile border (mid 13th cent.). Compare earlier purfle v.Apparently attested earlier in a surname, Walterus Purfyl (1351), although it is unclear whether this is to be interpreted as reflecting currency of the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word. It is unclear whether the following example is to be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word:1394 Wardrobe Acct. Richard II in Archaeologia (1911) 62 505 In iiij ermyns expensis in purfyle.

a. A border, esp. when wrought or decorated; the embroidered border or edge, or fur trimming, of a garment. Also figurative. Now archaic or historical.Apparently rare by the 17th cent., surviving in the 18th cent. only in glossaries, but revived as an archaism in the 19th cent.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > tipping, edging, or mounting

tippingc1325

purflec1400

jagging1502

mounture1575

mountinga1630

mount1739

scallopinga1800

horn-tip1808

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > trimmings or ornamentation > border or edging

purflec1400

edge1502

welt1506

welting1508

pink1512

guard1535

piccadill1607

love1613

edging1664

cheval de frise1753

fly-fringe1860

c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. iv. 102 Til..pernelis purfile [v.r. purfels; c1400 C text porfil; v.rr. purfil, purfiel] be put in hire hucche.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 416 Purfyle of a clothe [v.r. purfoyl], limbus.

c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 793 A lewde wrecche to were a skarlet gowne With blac lamb furre without purfile of sable.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 259/2 Purfyll or hemme of a gowne, bort.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. ij^v The Trapper of his Horse, Damaske gold, with a depe purfell of Armyns.

1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xiv. vi. 10 Inner garments..beset with long jagges and purfles.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 148 They cast over these, their mantells or shagge Rugges..with a deepe fringed purfle.

1686 N. Tate et al. tr. Heliodorus Æthiopian Hist. iii. 104 Their Robes were white, bordered about with azure purfles, and fastned at their Brests with Buttons of Gold.

1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Purfile, a Sort of antient Trimming for Womens Gowns, made of Tinsel, Thread, &c., called also Bobbin-Work.

1768 H. Downman Land of Muses 12 When Sleep gins his tired lids to veil, And wrap the poppied purfle o'er his head.

1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake iii. xvii. 306 Furnaced pillars..upright ranged in horrid array, With purfle of green o'er the darksome gray.

1821 J. Baillie Lady G. Baillie in Metrical Legends Concl. Betty's skill Leaves her in purfle, furbelow, or frill, No whit behind.

1894 Athenæum 5 May 571/2 The portrait of the gracious court lady in her ruff and purfles.

1989 M. Amis London Fields xv. 285 A full white party frock with many a flounce and purfle.

b. The inlaid bordering or decorative edging of a violin, etc.; = purfling n. 1d.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > lute- or viol-type parts > [noun] > other parts

rib1578

rose1597

sound-hole1611

sound-post1688

purfle1706

bass-bar1833

purfling1833

sounding-post1838

corner1888

bout1889

1663 [implied in: Kingdomes Intelligencer 20 Apr. 248 [A reward offered for the return of a] Theorbo-Lute, (in a Case lined with green bays) small rib'd, purfled, flat backt, with three Roses on the belly. (at purfled adj.¹ 1d)].

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Purfle... Also a kind of Ornamentation about the Edges of Musical Instruments, particularly of Viols, Violins, &c.

1905 H. R. Haweis Old Violins 125 He runs his purfle into his monogram with attendant flourishes.

1982 Early Mus. 10 489/1 New borders with double purfle were fitted to enlarge the violin to ‘full size’.

†2. Heraldry. A bordering line. Cf. purfling n. 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > lines or edges > [noun]

engrailing1486

indenting1486

champain1562

purfle1562

pertingent1610

pertransient1610

purfling1610

welt1688

embattling1753

fesse-line1775

1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory f. 155 Thys pale was geuen after it had a chiefe, because they were bothe of one coloure, there goeth no purfle betwene.

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 27 That terme is so frequented, because two colors, or any mettal or colour, be gradately inferred one into the other, that no partition but onely the Purflue maie be seene betwene them.

1610 E. Bolton Elements of Armories xv. 86 Armories..must needes haue limits, bounds, or circumscriptions... The painters of Armes do call these lines..the purfle, or perfil.

1725 New Dict. Heraldry 6 When any Figure is born so..obscur'd, as that nothing but the bare Purfile, or (as Painters say) the Out-line is visible, such is said to be adumbrated.

†3.

a. An outline; esp. an outline drawing; = profile n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > [noun] > contour(s)

lineationa1398

lineament1570

line1590

purfle1601

lineature1630

stroke1638

stell1657

outline1662

profile1664

contour1770

lineamentation1890

galbe1899

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > [noun] > a drawing > profile

purfle1601

profile1638

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting > a portrait > profile

half-cheek1598

purfle1601

profile1638

side-face1650

side profile1668

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. x. 535 Hee woon the prise and praise from them all in making up the pourfils [Fr. le pourfil] and extenuities of his lineaments.

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. iii. 42 The naked and bare proportion of the outward lineaments thereof, or the outward Tract, Purfle, or shadow of a thing.

1669 A. Browne Ars Pictoria 83 Draw the lines of porphile (i.e. the outmost stroak) of a Face with lake and white.

1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) 129 [Cimabue] shewed much more freedom and strength than had yet been seen, leaving the old Fashioned way, which was full of Lines and Porfils, and giving a softness not before known.

b. in purfle = in profile at profile n. 1b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > direction > specific directions > [phrase] > from the side

in purfle1609

in profile1668

1609 B. Jonson Masque of Queenes sig. A4 The backs of some were seen; some in purfle, or side; others in face.

1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) 132 Cimabue his Picture is yet to be seen,..made in Porfil.

1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) 268 All the left Side was seen in Porfile.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Pourfil, (a Term in Painting) as A Face drawn in Pourfil, i.e. side-way; a Side-face.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

purflev.

Brit.

/ˈpəːfl/, U.S.

/ˈpərf(ə)l/

Forms:

α. Middle English pourfyll, Middle English purfelyed (past participle), Middle English purfil, Middle English purfile, Middle English purfyle, Middle English–1500s purfell, Middle English–1500s purful, Middle English–1500s purfyl, Middle English–1500s purfyll, Middle English–1600s purfel, late Middle English perfold (past participle), 1500s purfulle, 1500s purphle, 1500s– purfle, 1600s pourfil (sense 4), 1600s pourfill (sense 4), 1600s pourfle (sense 4), 1600s purffle; also Scottish pre-1700 pourfeilliet (past participle), pre-1700 purfel, pre-1700 purfell, pre-1700 purffell, pre-1700 purfill; N.E.D. (1909) also records a form late Middle English purfill.

β. 1500s purflued (past participle); Scottish pre-1700 purfewit (past participle, perhaps transmission error).

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pourfiler.

Etymology: < Middle French pourfiler, pourphiler to border, adorn the border of, adorn (mid 13th cent. in Old French as porfiler ) < porfil border (see purfle n.). Compare Italian profilare to draw an outline (see profile v.); also (with different prefix) Old Occitan perfilar to border, adorn (late 13th cent.; Occitan perfilar ), Catalan perfilar to add a textile fringe to (14th cent.), to decorate the outline of (letters in a manuscript) (late 15th cent.), Spanish perfilar to border, adorn (mid 13th cent.). Compare also post-classical Latin purfilare (14th cent. in British sources, apparently < Middle French; compare Anglo-Norman purfil : see purfle n.). With sense 4 compare later profile v.In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix).

a. transitive (usually in passive). To decorate with a purfle; to adorn (a garment) with a border of threadwork or embroidery; to trim with gold or silver lace, precious stones, pearls, fur, etc. Also in figurative context. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > border or edge

purfle?c1325

dagc1386

hem14..

cadge1530

passement1539

pounce1542

vandyke1828

?c1325 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) II. 19 Hir wede, Purfiled with pellour doun to the teon.

c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 193 I seigh his sleues ypurfiled [v.rr. purfiled, I-purfiled] at the hond With grys.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 54 Kyng Royns had purfilde a mantell with kynges berdis.

c1475 Wisdom (Folger) (1969) 114 (MED) Here entrethe Anima as a mayde, in a wyght clothe of golde gyedly [perh. read gysely] purfyled wyth menyver.

c1500 Melusine (1895) 240 Robes of cloth of gold, & fourred with Ermynes, & purfylled all with precyous stones.

1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 83 Item for blake crewle to purfulle the rosys vjd.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. ccxiiii The knightes of the bath in Uiolet gounes with hoddes purfeled with Miniuer lyke doctors.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene i. ii. 13 Purfled with gold and pearle of rich assay.

1607 Lingua iv. ii, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) IX. 417 This [Tragedus] gorgeous-broider'd with rich sentences, That [Comedus] fair and purfled round with merriments.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Pourfiler d'or, to purfle, tinsell, or ouercast with gold thread, etc.

a1625 J. Fletcher Womans Prize iii. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ooooo3^v/1 Line the gown through with plush perfum'd, and purffle All the sleeves down with pearle.

1746 W. Thompson Hymn to May ix. 10 A silken Camus,..Purfled by nature's hand!

1803 W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. 1 332 Like a garment embroidered in chenille, and purfled with beads, and spangles, and foil.

1840 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London (1864) 4 The Bishop of Ely, who, in his character of lord high chancellor, wore a robe of scarlet, open before, and purfled with minever.

1923 C. Van Vechten Blind Bow-boy 154 She donned a dressing-gown of pale green crêpe de chine, purfled in silver frogs.

a1945 E. R. Eddison Mezentian Gate (1958) xxxix. 217 Next entered the Queen, crowned and wearing a robe of black figured satin purfled with gold.

1990 Washington Post (Nexis) 26 Dec. c1 One of Marc Jacobs's best-selling items..is a clear plastic raincoat purfled with grosgrain ribbon.

†b. transitive. To embroider or work (a design) into fabric. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > embroider or ornament with sewing

beworkc1000

embrowdc1380

browdc1385

surfle1399

embroider14..

entailc1400

mark1415

lace1453

broider1455

broche1480

brawde1483

stitcha1529

whip1548

bebroyde1582

imphrygiate1592

purfle1601

embroche1611

be-embroider1614

acupinge1623

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xiii. xi. 392 To weave and purfle letters in their cloths [Fr. brocher les lettres en drap; L. uestibus litteras intexere], after the manner of embroiderie.

†c. intransitive. To edge or border a garment with a decoration. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

hem1530

thimble1834

buttonhole1851

to stitch away1853

purfle1890

prick-stitch1933

zigzag1950

1890 in Cent. Dict. Purfle... To hem a border.

2. In extended use.

a. transitive. To adorn, ornament, beautify. Now rare (archaic or regional in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > ornament

dightc1200

begoa1225

fay?c1225

rustc1275

duba1300

shrouda1300

adorna1325

flourishc1325

apparel1366

depaintc1374

dressa1375

raila1375

anorna1382

orna1382

honourc1390

paintc1390

pare1393

garnisha1400

mensk?a1400

apykec1400

hightlec1400

overfretc1440

exornc1450

embroider1460

repair1484

empare1490

ornate1490

bedo?a1500

purfle?a1500

glorify?1504

betrap1509

broider1509

deck?1521

likelya1522

to set forth1530

exornate1539

grace1548

adornate1550

fardc1550

gaud1554

pink1558

bedeck1559

tight1572

begaud1579

embellish1579

bepounce1582

parela1586

flower1587

ornify1590

illustrate1592

tinsel1594

formalize1595

adore1596

suborn1596

trapper1597

condecorate1599

diamondize1600

furnish1600

enrich1601

mense1602

prank1605

overgreen1609

crown1611

enjewel1611

broocha1616

varnish1641

ornament1650

array1652

bedub1657

bespangle1675

irradiate1717

gem1747

begem1749

redeck1771

blazon1813

aggrace1825

diamond1839

panoply1851

a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Preaching of Swallow l. 1683 in Poems (1981) 66 Flouris..Quhilk..Phebus, with his goldin bemis gent, Hes purfellit and payntit plesandly.

1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. D2 A nose autem nose purphled pretiously with pearle & stone, like a counterfait work.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 94 The close Meshes whereof, are purfled with curled veines.

1640 R. Herrick in Poems Written Wil. Shake-speare sig. L5^v Here in greene medowes sits eternall May, Purfling the margents.

1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems i. 2 Who shall take thee, the new, the dainty volume, Purfled glossily, fresh with ashy pumice [L. arida modo pumice expolitum]?

1885 S. Lanier Poems 4 With your silences purfling this silence of man.

1907 J. Davidson Triumph of Mammon iii. i. 61 A sable pall beneath purfled with fire.

1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. 233/2 Purfle... To dress up with frills and bows, etc. ‘Yon little puppy wus permed an' brushed an' scented an' purfled.’

†b. transitive (in passive). Of leaves, flowers, etc.: to have a particular outline or distinctive border. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > form the edge of [verb (transitive)] > specific

purfle1562

frame1705

fringe1794

lip1845

1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. 49^v, in Bulwarke of Defence Leaues..not purfled aboute with iagges, or small teeth like a sawe.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lii. 212 The great Tulpia, or rather Tulipa..of colour very diuers..and purfled about the edges or brimmes with yellowe, white, or red.

1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum iv. v. 428 Flower..consisting of five small pure white leaves, pointed at the ends, and sometimes a little purfled about the brims, and with a wash of purple.

1789 E. Sibly Culpeper's Eng. Physician 233 The flower..when it is blown open, is of a deeper blue colour, having four leaves somewhat long, and as it were purfled about the edges, with a little hairiness.

3. In technical applications.

†a. transitive. Heraldry, etc. To border or edge with a line of a different colour or tincture. Cf. purfled adj.¹ 2. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > lines or edges > [verb (transitive)] > edge with line of different colour

purfle1573

1573 Treat. Arte of Limming f. xj^v Then lay thy colours: First thy false colours and after thy sadd, then purfle them about the sides with blacke Inke.

1634 H. Peacham Gentlemans Exercise (new ed.) i. xxvi. 91 A faire blew deepned with lake, and purfled with liquid gold.

†b. transitive. Architecture. To ornament (the edge or ridge of a structure) with a decoration. Cf. purfled adj.¹ 4. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [verb (transitive)] > ornament pediments or cornices

purfle1849

crotchet1892

1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers II. vi. 108 All the edges [of the mitre] were purfled with a border of exquisitely-wrought crockets in silver gilt.

1852 D. Rock Church our Fathers III. i. 390 To this chest [sc. shrine] the goldsmith..gave an architectural form: it had..its tall crest purfled with knobs of sparkling jewels to run along the ridge of its steeply-pitched roof.

c. transitive. To decorate (the back or belly of a violin or other instrument) with a border of inlaid wood. Cf. earlier purfled adj.¹ 1d, also purfling n. 1d.

ΚΠ

1875 G. Hart Violin 65 It is a common practice to call..all those [instruments] purfled with whalebone ‘Jacobs’.

1918 Musical Times 59 73 The fiddle-maker who cannot purfle his instrument may not be trusted very far in the workmanship of the other parts of it.

1956 Tempo No. 41. 18 I saw..a viola on the bench which was being purfled.

1994 L. de Bernières Capt. Corelli's Mandolin xxvii. 183 It was purfled about the rim of the soundbox with trapezia of shimmering mother-of-pearl.

†4. transitive. To draw in profile, to outline; to draw. Also intransitive. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)] > in specific manner

trick1545

purfle1601

profile1715

outline?1790

black1840

to line in1886

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. x. 539 Hee [sc. Apelles]..had no sooner pourfiled a little about the visage [Fr. le commencement du pourfil], but the king presently tooke knowledge thereby of the partie that had played this pranke by him.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. xii. 551 [She] used ordinarily to marke upon the wall the shaddow of her lovers face by candle light and to pourfill the same afterwards deeper, that so shee might enjoy his visage yet in his absence.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	purfle
释义	purflen. Brit. /ˈpəːfl/, U.S. /ˈpərf(ə)l/ Forms: Middle English porfyl, Middle English purfel, Middle English purfelle, Middle English purfiel, Middle English purfil, Middle English purfoyl, Middle English purfuyll, Middle English purfyl, Middle English purfyle, Middle English purphile, Middle English (1600s in sense 3) porfil, Middle English (1600s in sense 3) porfile, Middle English 1700s purfile, 1500s purfell, 1500s purflue (in sense 2), 1500s purful, 1500s purfull, 1500s purfyll, 1500s– purfle, 1600s porphile (in sense 3), 1600s–1700s pourfil (in sense 3); also Scottish pre-1700 purfel, pre-1700 purfele, pre-1700 purfell, pre-1700 purphaif (transmission error), pre-1700 purphell. N.E.D. (1909) also records forms late Middle English purfell, late Middle English purfull. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French purfil. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman purfil, purfile, purfaile, Anglo-Norman and Middle French porfil, Middle French pourfil border on a piece of clothing (c1160 in Old French), outline drawing, profile (16th cent., after Italian profilo profile n.; French †pourfil ) < por- , pur- , pour- pur- prefix + fil thread (see file n.²). Compare Italian profilo (see above); also (with different prefix) post-classical Latin perfilum woven cloth (14th cent.), Old Occitan perfil border, fringe, trimming (13th cent.), Catalan perfil textile border, fringe, trimming (late 14th cent.; 1647 in sense ‘profile’), Spanish perfil textile border (mid 13th cent.). Compare earlier purfle v.Apparently attested earlier in a surname, Walterus Purfyl (1351), although it is unclear whether this is to be interpreted as reflecting currency of the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word. It is unclear whether the following example is to be interpreted as showing the Anglo-Norman or the Middle English word:1394 Wardrobe Acct. Richard II in Archaeologia (1911) 62 505 In iiij ermyns expensis in purfyle. 1. a. A border, esp. when wrought or decorated; the embroidered border or edge, or fur trimming, of a garment. Also figurative. Now archaic or historical.Apparently rare by the 17th cent., surviving in the 18th cent. only in glossaries, but revived as an archaism in the 19th cent. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > tipping, edging, or mounting tippingc1325 purflec1400 jagging1502 mounture1575 mountinga1630 mount1739 scallopinga1800 horn-tip1808 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > trimmings or ornamentation > border or edging purflec1400 edge1502 welt1506 welting1508 pink1512 guard1535 piccadill1607 love1613 edging1664 cheval de frise1753 fly-fringe1860 c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. iv. 102 Til..pernelis purfile [v.r. purfels; c1400 C text porfil; v.rr. purfil, purfiel] be put in hire hucche. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 416 Purfyle of a clothe [v.r. purfoyl], limbus. c1475 (a1449) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 793 A lewde wrecche to were a skarlet gowne With blac lamb furre without purfile of sable. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 259/2 Purfyll or hemme of a gowne, bort. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. ij^v The Trapper of his Horse, Damaske gold, with a depe purfell of Armyns. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus Rom. Hist. xiv. vi. 10 Inner garments..beset with long jagges and purfles. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. ii. 148 They cast over these, their mantells or shagge Rugges..with a deepe fringed purfle. 1686 N. Tate et al. tr. Heliodorus Æthiopian Hist. iii. 104 Their Robes were white, bordered about with azure purfles, and fastned at their Brests with Buttons of Gold. 1730 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum Purfile, a Sort of antient Trimming for Womens Gowns, made of Tinsel, Thread, &c., called also Bobbin-Work. 1768 H. Downman Land of Muses 12 When Sleep gins his tired lids to veil, And wrap the poppied purfle o'er his head. 1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake iii. xvii. 306 Furnaced pillars..upright ranged in horrid array, With purfle of green o'er the darksome gray. 1821 J. Baillie Lady G. Baillie in Metrical Legends Concl. Betty's skill Leaves her in purfle, furbelow, or frill, No whit behind. 1894 Athenæum 5 May 571/2 The portrait of the gracious court lady in her ruff and purfles. 1989 M. Amis London Fields xv. 285 A full white party frock with many a flounce and purfle. b. The inlaid bordering or decorative edging of a violin, etc.; = purfling n. 1d. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > lute- or viol-type parts > [noun] > other parts rib1578 rose1597 sound-hole1611 sound-post1688 purfle1706 bass-bar1833 purfling1833 sounding-post1838 corner1888 bout1889 1663 [implied in: Kingdomes Intelligencer 20 Apr. 248 [A reward offered for the return of a] Theorbo-Lute, (in a Case lined with green bays) small rib'd, purfled, flat backt, with three Roses on the belly. (at purfled adj.¹ 1d)]. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Purfle... Also a kind of Ornamentation about the Edges of Musical Instruments, particularly of Viols, Violins, &c. 1905 H. R. Haweis Old Violins 125 He runs his purfle into his monogram with attendant flourishes. 1982 Early Mus. 10 489/1 New borders with double purfle were fitted to enlarge the violin to ‘full size’. †2. Heraldry. A bordering line. Cf. purfling n. 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > lines or edges > [noun] engrailing1486 indenting1486 champain1562 purfle1562 pertingent1610 pertransient1610 purfling1610 welt1688 embattling1753 fesse-line1775 1562 G. Legh Accedens of Armory f. 155 Thys pale was geuen after it had a chiefe, because they were bothe of one coloure, there goeth no purfle betwene. 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 27 That terme is so frequented, because two colors, or any mettal or colour, be gradately inferred one into the other, that no partition but onely the Purflue maie be seene betwene them. 1610 E. Bolton Elements of Armories xv. 86 Armories..must needes haue limits, bounds, or circumscriptions... The painters of Armes do call these lines..the purfle, or perfil. 1725 New Dict. Heraldry 6 When any Figure is born so..obscur'd, as that nothing but the bare Purfile, or (as Painters say) the Out-line is visible, such is said to be adumbrated. †3. a. An outline; esp. an outline drawing; = profile n. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > [noun] > contour(s) lineationa1398 lineament1570 line1590 purfle1601 lineature1630 stroke1638 stell1657 outline1662 profile1664 contour1770 lineamentation1890 galbe1899 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > [noun] > a drawing > profile purfle1601 profile1638 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to subject > [noun] > portrait-painting > a portrait > profile half-cheek1598 purfle1601 profile1638 side-face1650 side profile1668 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. x. 535 Hee woon the prise and praise from them all in making up the pourfils [Fr. le pourfil] and extenuities of his lineaments. 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie ii. iii. 42 The naked and bare proportion of the outward lineaments thereof, or the outward Tract, Purfle, or shadow of a thing. 1669 A. Browne Ars Pictoria 83 Draw the lines of porphile (i.e. the outmost stroak) of a Face with lake and white. 1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) 129 [Cimabue] shewed much more freedom and strength than had yet been seen, leaving the old Fashioned way, which was full of Lines and Porfils, and giving a softness not before known. b. in purfle = in profile at profile n. 1b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > direction > specific directions > [phrase] > from the side in purfle1609 in profile1668 1609 B. Jonson Masque of Queenes sig. A4 The backs of some were seen; some in purfle, or side; others in face. 1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) 132 Cimabue his Picture is yet to be seen,..made in Porfil. 1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) 268 All the left Side was seen in Porfile. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Pourfil, (a Term in Painting) as A Face drawn in Pourfil, i.e. side-way; a Side-face. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). purflev. Brit. /ˈpəːfl/, U.S. /ˈpərf(ə)l/ Forms: α. Middle English pourfyll, Middle English purfelyed (past participle), Middle English purfil, Middle English purfile, Middle English purfyle, Middle English–1500s purfell, Middle English–1500s purful, Middle English–1500s purfyl, Middle English–1500s purfyll, Middle English–1600s purfel, late Middle English perfold (past participle), 1500s purfulle, 1500s purphle, 1500s– purfle, 1600s pourfil (sense 4), 1600s pourfill (sense 4), 1600s pourfle (sense 4), 1600s purffle; also Scottish pre-1700 pourfeilliet (past participle), pre-1700 purfel, pre-1700 purfell, pre-1700 purffell, pre-1700 purfill; N.E.D. (1909) also records a form late Middle English purfill. β. 1500s purflued (past participle); Scottish pre-1700 purfewit (past participle, perhaps transmission error). Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pourfiler. Etymology: < Middle French pourfiler, pourphiler to border, adorn the border of, adorn (mid 13th cent. in Old French as porfiler ) < porfil border (see purfle n.). Compare Italian profilare to draw an outline (see profile v.); also (with different prefix) Old Occitan perfilar to border, adorn (late 13th cent.; Occitan perfilar ), Catalan perfilar to add a textile fringe to (14th cent.), to decorate the outline of (letters in a manuscript) (late 15th cent.), Spanish perfilar to border, adorn (mid 13th cent.). Compare also post-classical Latin purfilare (14th cent. in British sources, apparently < Middle French; compare Anglo-Norman purfil : see purfle n.). With sense 4 compare later profile v.In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix). 1. a. transitive (usually in passive). To decorate with a purfle; to adorn (a garment) with a border of threadwork or embroidery; to trim with gold or silver lace, precious stones, pearls, fur, etc. Also in figurative context. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > border or edge purfle?c1325 dagc1386 hem14.. cadge1530 passement1539 pounce1542 vandyke1828 ?c1325 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) II. 19 Hir wede, Purfiled with pellour doun to the teon. c1387–95 G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. 193 I seigh his sleues ypurfiled [v.rr. purfiled, I-purfiled] at the hond With grys. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 54 Kyng Royns had purfilde a mantell with kynges berdis. c1475 Wisdom (Folger) (1969) 114 (MED) Here entrethe Anima as a mayde, in a wyght clothe of golde gyedly [perh. read gysely] purfyled wyth menyver. c1500 Melusine (1895) 240 Robes of cloth of gold, & fourred with Ermynes, & purfylled all with precyous stones. 1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 83 Item for blake crewle to purfulle the rosys vjd. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. ccxiiii The knightes of the bath in Uiolet gounes with hoddes purfeled with Miniuer lyke doctors. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene i. ii. 13 Purfled with gold and pearle of rich assay. 1607 Lingua iv. ii, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) IX. 417 This [Tragedus] gorgeous-broider'd with rich sentences, That [Comedus] fair and purfled round with merriments. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Pourfiler d'or, to purfle, tinsell, or ouercast with gold thread, etc. a1625 J. Fletcher Womans Prize iii. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ooooo3^v/1 Line the gown through with plush perfum'd, and purffle All the sleeves down with pearle. 1746 W. Thompson Hymn to May ix. 10 A silken Camus,..Purfled by nature's hand! 1803 W. Taylor in Ann. Rev. 1 332 Like a garment embroidered in chenille, and purfled with beads, and spangles, and foil. 1840 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London (1864) 4 The Bishop of Ely, who, in his character of lord high chancellor, wore a robe of scarlet, open before, and purfled with minever. 1923 C. Van Vechten Blind Bow-boy 154 She donned a dressing-gown of pale green crêpe de chine, purfled in silver frogs. a1945 E. R. Eddison Mezentian Gate (1958) xxxix. 217 Next entered the Queen, crowned and wearing a robe of black figured satin purfled with gold. 1990 Washington Post (Nexis) 26 Dec. c1 One of Marc Jacobs's best-selling items..is a clear plastic raincoat purfled with grosgrain ribbon. †b. transitive. To embroider or work (a design) into fabric. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > embroider or ornament with sewing beworkc1000 embrowdc1380 browdc1385 surfle1399 embroider14.. entailc1400 mark1415 lace1453 broider1455 broche1480 brawde1483 stitcha1529 whip1548 bebroyde1582 imphrygiate1592 purfle1601 embroche1611 be-embroider1614 acupinge1623 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xiii. xi. 392 To weave and purfle letters in their cloths [Fr. brocher les lettres en drap; L. uestibus litteras intexere], after the manner of embroiderie. †c. intransitive. To edge or border a garment with a decoration. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (intransitive)] > sew > in specific way hem1530 thimble1834 buttonhole1851 to stitch away1853 purfle1890 prick-stitch1933 zigzag1950 1890 in Cent. Dict. Purfle... To hem a border. 2. In extended use. a. transitive. To adorn, ornament, beautify. Now rare (archaic or regional in later use). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > ornament dightc1200 begoa1225 fay?c1225 rustc1275 duba1300 shrouda1300 adorna1325 flourishc1325 apparel1366 depaintc1374 dressa1375 raila1375 anorna1382 orna1382 honourc1390 paintc1390 pare1393 garnisha1400 mensk?a1400 apykec1400 hightlec1400 overfretc1440 exornc1450 embroider1460 repair1484 empare1490 ornate1490 bedo?a1500 purfle?a1500 glorify?1504 betrap1509 broider1509 deck?1521 likelya1522 to set forth1530 exornate1539 grace1548 adornate1550 fardc1550 gaud1554 pink1558 bedeck1559 tight1572 begaud1579 embellish1579 bepounce1582 parela1586 flower1587 ornify1590 illustrate1592 tinsel1594 formalize1595 adore1596 suborn1596 trapper1597 condecorate1599 diamondize1600 furnish1600 enrich1601 mense1602 prank1605 overgreen1609 crown1611 enjewel1611 broocha1616 varnish1641 ornament1650 array1652 bedub1657 bespangle1675 irradiate1717 gem1747 begem1749 redeck1771 blazon1813 aggrace1825 diamond1839 panoply1851 a1500 R. Henryson tr. Æsop Fables: Preaching of Swallow l. 1683 in Poems (1981) 66 Flouris..Quhilk..Phebus, with his goldin bemis gent, Hes purfellit and payntit plesandly. 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. D2 A nose autem nose purphled pretiously with pearle & stone, like a counterfait work. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 94 The close Meshes whereof, are purfled with curled veines. 1640 R. Herrick in Poems Written Wil. Shake-speare sig. L5^v Here in greene medowes sits eternall May, Purfling the margents. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems i. 2 Who shall take thee, the new, the dainty volume, Purfled glossily, fresh with ashy pumice [L. arida modo pumice expolitum]? 1885 S. Lanier Poems 4 With your silences purfling this silence of man. 1907 J. Davidson Triumph of Mammon iii. i. 61 A sable pall beneath purfled with fire. 1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. 233/2 Purfle... To dress up with frills and bows, etc. ‘Yon little puppy wus permed an' brushed an' scented an' purfled.’ †b. transitive (in passive). Of leaves, flowers, etc.: to have a particular outline or distinctive border. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > form the edge of [verb (transitive)] > specific purfle1562 frame1705 fringe1794 lip1845 1562 W. Bullein Bk. Simples f. 49^v, in Bulwarke of Defence Leaues..not purfled aboute with iagges, or small teeth like a sawe. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lii. 212 The great Tulpia, or rather Tulipa..of colour very diuers..and purfled about the edges or brimmes with yellowe, white, or red. 1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum iv. v. 428 Flower..consisting of five small pure white leaves, pointed at the ends, and sometimes a little purfled about the brims, and with a wash of purple. 1789 E. Sibly Culpeper's Eng. Physician 233 The flower..when it is blown open, is of a deeper blue colour, having four leaves somewhat long, and as it were purfled about the edges, with a little hairiness. 3. In technical applications. †a. transitive. Heraldry, etc. To border or edge with a line of a different colour or tincture. Cf. purfled adj.¹ 2. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > lines or edges > [verb (transitive)] > edge with line of different colour purfle1573 1573 Treat. Arte of Limming f. xj^v Then lay thy colours: First thy false colours and after thy sadd, then purfle them about the sides with blacke Inke. 1634 H. Peacham Gentlemans Exercise (new ed.) i. xxvi. 91 A faire blew deepned with lake, and purfled with liquid gold. †b. transitive. Architecture. To ornament (the edge or ridge of a structure) with a decoration. Cf. purfled adj.¹ 4. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [verb (transitive)] > ornament pediments or cornices purfle1849 crotchet1892 1849 D. Rock Church our Fathers II. vi. 108 All the edges [of the mitre] were purfled with a border of exquisitely-wrought crockets in silver gilt. 1852 D. Rock Church our Fathers III. i. 390 To this chest [sc. shrine] the goldsmith..gave an architectural form: it had..its tall crest purfled with knobs of sparkling jewels to run along the ridge of its steeply-pitched roof. c. transitive. To decorate (the back or belly of a violin or other instrument) with a border of inlaid wood. Cf. earlier purfled adj.¹ 1d, also purfling n. 1d. ΚΠ 1875 G. Hart Violin 65 It is a common practice to call..all those [instruments] purfled with whalebone ‘Jacobs’. 1918 Musical Times 59 73 The fiddle-maker who cannot purfle his instrument may not be trusted very far in the workmanship of the other parts of it. 1956 Tempo No. 41. 18 I saw..a viola on the bench which was being purfled. 1994 L. de Bernières Capt. Corelli's Mandolin xxvii. 183 It was purfled about the rim of the soundbox with trapezia of shimmering mother-of-pearl. †4. transitive. To draw in profile, to outline; to draw. Also intransitive. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > drawing > draw [verb (transitive)] > in specific manner trick1545 purfle1601 profile1715 outline?1790 black1840 to line in1886 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. x. 539 Hee [sc. Apelles]..had no sooner pourfiled a little about the visage [Fr. le commencement du pourfil], but the king presently tooke knowledge thereby of the partie that had played this pranke by him. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxxv. xii. 551 [She] used ordinarily to marke upon the wall the shaddow of her lovers face by candle light and to pourfill the same afterwards deeper, that so shee might enjoy his visage yet in his absence. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1400v.?c1325
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