α. Middle English–1600s pulpe, 1600s– pulp.
β. Middle English pulpa.
pulpn.
/pʌlp/, U.S. /pəlp/ A soft, moist, formless substance or mass of material.
1. The soft fleshy internal part of a fruit, vegetable, etc.; the soft pith in the interior of a stem.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > fruit or reproductive product > [noun] > parts of > pulp
pulpa1400
flesh1574
sarcocarp1819
the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue > pith or soft internal tissue
marroweOE
pitheOE
flesh1574
fat1575
pulp1578
medulla1583
brain1601
matrix1633
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 257 (MED) Take pulpe colloquintide..castor, aristologia rotunda..& make herof smale pelottis.
a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 21 (MED) If ȝe wole strenkþe ȝoure medicyn, þanne putte yn oure 5 essence a litil quantite of pulpa cassie fistule.
1568 T. Hill Proffitable Arte Gardening (rev. ed.) ii. xii. f. 182 Gourdes without Seedes, hauynge onely but a softe pulpe within.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lxxxix. 269 The right Fenell hath round knottie stalkes..filled with a certaine white pithe or light pulpe.
1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne Pract. Chymicall & Hermeticall Physicke iii. 179 Take the marrow or pulp of cassia.
1712 E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 338 There is another Sort like a Curan, has a white Pulp.
1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. vii. 78 (note) The Apple also has a firmer pulp.
1844 J. H. Stocqueler Hand-bk. India 189 It will be prudent to wear a sola topee, or hat composed of the soft pulp of a tree.
1907 T. R. Sim Forests & Forest Flora Cape Good Hope 274 Strychnos spinosa (Kafir Orange..)... Fruit size of an orange, or larger, with..numerous flat seeds lying in acidulous edible pulp.
1932 Coshocton (Ohio) Tribune 18 Feb. 5/3 Peel grapefruit and separate pulp into sections discarding all seeds and thin connecting tissues.
2002 M. Rendell Kings of Mountains (2003) iv. 72 The arepa, a grilled pancake of sweetcorn pulp, butter and salt, provided the ideal pre-race breakfast.
2.
a. Fleshy tissue; spec. the fleshy pad on the palmar side of the end of the finger.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily substance > flesh > [noun]
fleshc1000
lirec1000
quick flesha1382
pulp?a1425
substance?a1425
meat1829
beef1851
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > digit > finger > [noun] > parts of
lithc1000
finger endc1300
fingertip1534
finger joint1657
pulp1686
finger point1823
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 131v With a brode probe be þer alitel yput vpon þe macule, And..be it a litil yfroted with þe pulpe [?c1425 Paris brawne; L. palpa] of þi fynger aboue þe palpebre.
1571 T. Hill Contempl. Mankinde xxiii. f. 110v That when the first pulpe, that is, of the eares, is ioyned with the fleshe of the iawe, doth signifie a foole.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 815 These two together with the fourth doe make the pulpe or calfe of the Leg.
1686 R. Boyle Free Enq. Notion Nature 297 If..you carefully stop the upper Orifice with the Pulp of your Finger.
1713 R. Steele Guardian No. 26. ⁋6 It is not for me to celebrate the lovely height of her forehead, the soft pulp of her lips.
1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table ix. 245 He..touched the..corner of his right eye with the pulp of his middle finger.
1949 H. Bailey Demonstr. Physical Signs Clin. Surg. (ed. 11) vii. 69 The index finger is inserted into the mouth, the pulp of the finger being placed upon the internal surface of the alveolus.
1995 M. Amis Information (1996) 322 The colder clarity of their eyes and teeth, the smooth pulp of their tongues.
b. Anatomy and Zoology. The soft, highly sensitive connective tissue containing blood vessels and nerve fibres which fills the interior cavity and root canals of a tooth.
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the world > life > the body > nervous system > substance of nervous system > [noun] > of tooth
pulp1771
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > substance or parts of teeth > [noun] > growth of tissue from which tooth is developed > which fills cavity of fully-formed tooth
pulp1771
tooth-pulp1854
1771 J. Hunter Nat. Hist. Human Teeth 77 The pulp of the sixth Tooth.
1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 311/2 There was a gelatinous pulp, analogous to the pulps which secrete teeth.
1844 W. B. Carpenter Animal Physiol. iv. 143 The matter composing this little body, which is termed the pulp, is gradually converted into the ivory of the tooth.
1927 Amer. Mercury May 77/2 After..treatment of a tooth involving removal of the pulp, the tooth is then known to dentists as a pulpless tooth, and to the laity ordinarily as a dead one.
1986 B. Lopez Arctic Dreams 147 Exposed tooth pulp creates a site for infection, not to mention pain. That animals would try to fill the cavity..makes sense.
c. Anatomy and Zoology. More fully spleen pulp. The soft parenchyma of the spleen, consisting of venous sinusoids separated by cords of tissue containing macrophages and lymphocytes (more fully red pulp) and distinct aggregates of lymphoid tissue (more fully white pulp).
ΚΠ
1849 A. Kölliker in Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. 774/2 They can only be found isolated..in the red pulp of the spleen.
1849 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. 776/2 If we substitute the expression ‘spleen-pulp’ for ‘spleen-mass’.
1925 O. S. Strong & A. Elwyn Bailey's Text-bk. Histol. (ed. 7) iv. 82 They are..aggregated in enormous numbers in the mammalian splenic pulp.
1927 Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. & Hygiene 21 163 The lymphoid sheath of the artery, the follicle, the follicular cords, all filled with lymphocytes, may be called ‘white pulp’.
1965 F. Gerrard Macgregor's Struct. Meat Animals (ed. 2) vi. 114 The parenchyma consists of lymphoid tissue, visible as white pin points on cut surfaces, with a labyrinth of cavernous blood spaces between, the two forming a grumous mass commonly called ‘Spleen Pulp’.
2004 Developmental & Compar. Immunol. 28 347 Red and white pulp areas became apparent by day 43 and were well defined by day 57 after birth.
3.
a. A soft, shapeless, wet substance or mass, esp. of disintegrated organic matter, produced by crushing, boiling, pounding, etc.; (without article) the state or condition of being reduced to this.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > types of softness > [noun] > pulpiness or mushiness > pulp
pomace1555
mash1598
mummy1601
pulp1633
pomate1699
pulpament1699
pummy1754
mush1824
pash1825
smush1825
1633 Gutta Podagrica 31 The seeds of Psyllium being boyled in water, and brayed in a mortar untill it come to a pulp.
1692 T. P. Blount Ess. 67 They boyl the bodies of their Dead, and afterwards pound them to a pulpe.
1754 tr. J. Astruc Treat. Venereal Dis. (new ed.) I. iv. 319 You may apply emollient..prepared of white Lilly Roots, Leaves of Marshmallows.., &c. beat into a Pulp.
1792 Trans. Soc. Arts 10 145 Nine acres of the land..was almost an entire pulp.
1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 839 A determinate quantity of potatoes was reduced with water to a pulp.
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxxviii. 346 The trodden paths around our ship are in muddy pulp, adhering to the boots.
1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 161 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV Beet pulp for fattening cattle.
a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xxi. 678 The cheek teeth of grass-eating animals..have broad crowns with cross-ridges of enamel, and these are suited for grinding the food into pulp.
1973 W. Soyinka Season of Anomy viii. 141 The infant's head was a pulp of brain and bone. Did madness enter her with that same bullet which first passed through the child?
2003 Church Times 22 Aug. 10/5 The fruit [sc. mulberries] was used..to concoct murrey..—soft fruit cooked to pulp, sweetened with honey and thickened with flour and breadcrumbs.
b. spec. A soft, fibrous material derived from rags, wood, etc., by a process involving grinding, degradation by chemicals, and sometimes bleaching, and used to manufacture paper.paper, wood-pulp: see the first element.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > [noun] > pulp
pulp1727
stuff1745
paper pulp1839
wood-pulp1876
ground wood1885
mechanical wood pulp1887
straw pulp1888
soda pulp1893
sulphate pulp1907
1727 P. Shaw & E. Chambers in tr. H. Boerhaave New Method Chem. ii. xii. 49 Paper is made of linen rags, beat to a pulp, which is fastened or held together by starch. [No corresponding sentence in the Latin original.]
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 377 The most eligible mode of adjusting the thickness of the paper would be by varying the proportion of the surface of the cylinder, which is covered with pulp.
1862 Fraser's Mag. Nov. 637 It is only necessary to put the wood into one end of the machine, and take out at the other the pulp ready for being converted into paper.
1902 Westm. Gaz. 27 May 9/3 Experts regard the pulp re-made from old newspapers as about equal to calico pulp.
1991 Which? Feb. 92/2 There are two main types of pulp which are turned into paper—mechanical pulp and chemical pulp.
c. Pulverized ore mixed with water, from which unwanted material is removed. Also (more fully dry pulp): dry pulverized ore.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > mineral material > ore > [noun] > crushed ore
knock-bark1653
schlich1677
slick1683
sludge1757
slime1758
pulp1837
debris1871
slum1874
1837 J. T. Smith tr. L. J. Vicat Pract. & Sci. Treat. Mortars & Cements 164 Each of these being hollowed in the middle like a funnel, received a fluid pulp [Fr. une bouillie fluide], composed..of clay and water.
1872 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 137 The bullion, pulp, and tailings were tested by assay.
1877 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 24 Ten pans, holding 1 ton each of dry pulp.
1938 R. Hum Chem. for Engin. Students xx. 537 In the American or Washoe Process, the ore is crushed, powdered, and then made into a pulp, by grinding in a pan.
1976 Science 20 Feb. 721/3 The dissolved gold was adsorbed by finely ground activated charcoal; the charcoal subsequently was separated from the pulp by floatation.
4. figurative and in extended use.† b. Pulpy appearance or texture. Obsolete. rare.
a. Something resembling or likened to pulp in nature or form; spec. (a) the innermost, central, or most valuable part of a thing, the ‘pith’; (b) anything having a soft, pulpy, or formless shape or character; something that lacks stability, strength, or firmness.
ΚΠ
1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity i. xiv. 296 Assuredly the Wisedom of the Ancients was such, had an outward crust or rind as well as an inward pulp.
1678 J. Brown Quakerisme Path-way to Paganisme xiii. 312 If this man would have given us a seasonable taste of his g[r]ammatical pulp, he should have showne us, that the Hebrew and Greek words [etc.].
1700 W. Congreve Way of World i. i. 7 One..is all Pulp, and the other all Core.
1779 S. Johnson Lives Eng. Poets 5 An intellectual digestion that concocted the pulp of learning, but refused the husks, had the appearance of an instinctive elegance.
1817 W. Hazlitt Round Table I. xlii. 165 In his mind, the wholesome pulp of practical wisdom and salutary advice was immediately converted into the dry chaff and husks of a miserable logic.
1849 G. Lippard Washington & His Men xii. 62 Smooth sentences, soft and tasteless as the pulp which fills your Critic's skull, and passes for brains.
1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iv. ix. 237 Dozing women-drunkards... Such..squashed pulp of humanity.
1878 T. L. Cuyler Pointed Papers 164 The difference is clearly marked between the boy who has moral pluck and the boy who is mere pulp.
1924 J. Galsworthy White Monkey ii. p. vi Pity was pulp! Sentiment was bilge!
1988 in R. Dinnage One to One 24 I just went down like a ton of bricks. I was a moral pulp.
2004 Cairns (Queensland) Post (Nexis) 11 Dec. 7 The whole thing is just pulp. It's a bit like a lottery.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > types of softness > [noun] > pulpiness or mushiness
carnosity1533
mash1630
pulp1801
pulpiness1818
mushiness1868
1801 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting I. ii. 62 The beauties of oil colour, its glow, its juice, its richness, its pulp.
c. colloquial (hyperbolical). to beat to a pulp and variants: to beat or thrash severely (also figurative).
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (transitive)] > beat heavily or severely
pounda1325
batter1377
pellc1450
hatter1508
whop1575
labour1594
thunder-beat1608
behammer1639
thunderstrike1818
sledgehammer1834
pun1838
to beat to a pulp1840
jackhammer1959
1840 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop I. vi. 111 ‘I'll beat you to a pulp you dogs,’ said Quilp vainly endeavouring to get near either of them for a parting blow.
1883 N.Y. Times 24 Nov. 1/6 Cheeseman caught Van Syckle by the throat, bore him to the floor, and beat his face to a pulp.
1918 T. M. Kettle Ways of War 141 Belgium..has been mashed to a bloody pulp where the heel of the Prussian..has passed.
1971 ‘R. Allen’ Suedehead xiv, in Compl. Richard Allen (1992) I. 182 I can..follow him home and beat the bastard to a pulp for grassing on me.
1985 Times 4 Dec. 10/3 He rounds on another attacker and smashes him to a pulp.
2003 Cult Times May 22/2 Pounding the Scooby Gang to a pulp in those body-hugging chic outfits wasn't all fun and games.
d. Originally U.S. A popular magazine or book, printed on cheap ‘pulp’ paper and typically lurid or sensational in nature. Hence, more generally: such works as a genre; any popular or sensational writing that is regarded as being of poor quality; pulp fiction.Earliest in Compounds 1d.
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society > leisure > the arts > literature > [noun] > specific types of literature > inferior
bum fodder1654
slosh1894
subliterature1906
bumf1917
pulp1928
1906 Bookman June 447/1 So they go, filling the visible world with reading matter that sells and is faithfully consumed by millions who never look into a real book or encounter a real article but feed contentedly upon the modern wood-pulp of literature.]
1928 H. M. Robinson in Bookman Aug. 650/1 Many of the best pulp artists have been recruited from newspaper ranks.
1929 Summer Session News (State College, Pa.) 26 July 3/3 She turned to the sub-literary group, which she referred to in the trade parlance as ‘pulps’.
1945 G. Endore Methinks the Lady (1947) ii. 25 She wrote most everything: pulp, glossy, copy, one-act plays.
1951 P. G. Wodehouse Old Reliable ii. 32 Half the best known writers today started on the pulps.
1976 National Observer (U.S.) 3 July 17/1 When I started..the pulps were gasping their last.
1989 O. V. Vijayan After the Hanging 110 He skipped classes or sitting in the back-benches for cover, read porn or pulp while the lectures went on.
2002 New Yorker 11 Feb. 66/2 He [sc. Dashiell Hammett] also produced..tales that exhibit the best of what the pulps could offer, and a few that transcend formula.
Compounds
C1.
a. General attributive, with sense ‘of or relating to pulp, used for pulp’.
pulp-hole n.
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1893 Westm. Gaz. 2 Mar. 9/1 The Factory Inspectors..never see the pulp-holes where all the bad jam and lemon-peel are thrown.
pulp pit n.
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1883 Cassell's Family Mag. Aug. 528/1 The [coffee-] bean falls over into a sieve below, and the skin is dragged behind the cylinder and escapes by a spout to the pulp-pit.
1990 Post Standard (Syracuse, New York) 4 Oct. 10/1 Here, in small clearings beneath sugar maples, poplars and tulip trees, they've laid out log cribs and pulp pits.
b. With sense ‘relating to or involved in the preparation of pulp for making paper’ (cf. sense 3b).
pulp chest n.
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1850 Times 12 Sept. 12/4 (advt.) Two American papermaking machines,..pulp chests,..hydraulic and other presses [etc.].
1889 Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) 11 Oct. 3/2 From the beaters it will pass to two large wooden pulp chests, each having a capacity of 5000 pounds.
2005 Green Bay (Wisconsin) Press-Gaz. (Nexis) 28 Oct. 1 a [They] beat him to unconsciousness and threw his weighted body into a paper pulp chest, where he suffocated in paper pulp.]
pulp engine n.
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1856 Sci. Amer. 11 Oct. 38/1 After this the pulp is made into sheets, by passing it through rollers from the pulp engine.
1925 Clearfield (Pa.) Progress 3 Apr. 9/2 Until 1756, when the pulp engine was introduced into America from Holland the rags continued to be beaten into pulp by hand.
1957 A. D. Pierce Iron in Pines (1966) 79 Machinery [listed in a survey of 1877]..included..six bleaching tubs, five pulp engines, [etc.].
pulp factory n.
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1883 Reno (Nevada) Evening Gaz. 23 Feb. On Sunday last..we paid a visit to the Pioneer Pulp Factory's new building.
1938 Far Eastern Surv. 7 261/1 The construction of pulp factories in Manchuria, to utilize soya bean husks and river reeds, was reported some time ago.
1990 Jrnl. Southern Afr. Stud. 16 314 Mosquitos—amassing from the nearby pulp factory's industrial waste swamp.
pulp industry n.
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1876 E. Sidenbladh Swedish Catal. I. 67/1 The great expectations that were reasonably attached to the paper-pulp industry have, during the last few years, not been quite realized.]
1895 Bangor (Maine) Daily Whig & Courier 25 Apr. Speaking about the pulp industry in Maine [etc.].
1928 New Statesman 28 July (Finance Suppl.) p. x The newsprint and pulp industry..has..been developed rather faster than the demand.
1991 Green Mag. Feb. 64/1 Up to 10,000 tonnes of organochlorine residue are released by the paper and pulp industries every year.
pulp log n.
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1894 Boston Daily Globe 17 July 6/7 The last drive of pulp logs for the mills at Lisbon Falls and Brunswick went over West Pitch Sunday.
1995 Thunder Bay: 25 Great Years 46/4 The three-man slasher that cut the tree-length log to eight-foot pulp logs.
pulp machine n.
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1848 Sci. Amer. 16 Sept. 412/4 To George Sweetland, New Haven, Conn., for improvement in Pulp Machines. Patented Sept. 5, 1848.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1824/2 Pulp-machine, Paper-making, a machine for reducing half-stuff to a fine pulp.
1955 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 68 (front matter) All books not disposed of at that time must be sent to the pulp machine.
2006 Edmonton (Alberta) Sun (Nexis) 25 Apr. 65 The company took a $37.6-million charge related to the closure of a pulp machine and wood room at its operations in Hinton.
pulp-made adj.
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1858 W. Greener Gunnery in 1858 387 From the pulp-made cartridge paper.
2005 Financial Times (Nexis) 29 Nov. 14 The incremental cost of delivery [via the internet] is virtually free and delivery is instantaneous, benefits not shared by ‘pulp-made’ newspapers.
pulp maker n.
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1863 Times 22 Oct. 9/4 The bankrupt, a paper-pulp maker, of the Old Kent-road, came up for examination.]
1885 D. A. Wells Pract. Econ. 107 He thinks that even the pulp-makers, ‘with 15 new pulp-mills started during the past year’, ‘will find difficulty in marketing their pulp in the immediate future’.
1970 Business Hist. Rev. 44 349 Even ‘scrap’ wood from forest cuttings became acceptable to the pulp makers.
2003 Mercury (Australia) (Nexis) 15 Nov. 1 Dr Nguyen also said..that Australia faced tough competition from pulp-makers in Brazil and Indonesia.
pulp-making n. and adj.
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1877 Manufacturer & Builder Mar. 58/2 The pulp making apparatus has no special feature of novelty, but is like that used in all paper manufactories.
1892 12th Rep. Vermont State Board Agric. 1891–2 123 Last year the poplar was cut and sold for pulp making.
1998 Social Stud. Sci. 28 459 In pulp-making, the lignin is degraded by cooking the wood chips in chemicals to separate the wood fibres.
2004 Toronto Sun (Nexis) 30 Sept. 41 A Finnish company..announced it would close a pulp-making mill in Miramichi, eliminating 400 jobs.
pulp washer n.
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1862 J. Piercy U.S. Patent 34,214 2 (caption) Pulp washer.
1936 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Industr. ed.) 28 1389/2 Monel metal, Hastelloy A, and stainless steel..are being tested for wire cloth and winding wire on pulp washers.
1998 R. S. Smith Profit Centres in Industr. Ecol. ii. 96 For $18.4 million, a new pulp washer was installed which improved pulp cleanliness and further reduced the use of bleaching chemicals.
c. With sense ‘relating to or involving pulp prepared from ore’ (cf. sense 3c).
pulp assay n.
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1869 R. W. Raymond Mines of West i. viii. 108 Pulp assays run from $200 to $1,647 per ton.
2003 G. Larson Under Batholith 443 That solution is finally split using a spoon until we have a 750 gram pulp assaysample.
d. With sense ‘of, relating to, or designating pulp (sense 4d), characteristic of pulp, popular, sensational’, as pulp literature, pulp novel, pulp writer, etc.See also pulp fiction n., pulp magazine n. at Compounds 2.
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1908 E. C. Stedman in Washington Post 26 Jan. r8/3 Now they [sc. important stories] are hidden—buried nearly—by the great mass of material which is produced—wood pulp literature I call it.
1925 Bookman Apr. 160/2 There is an ever present temptation to progress easily from situation to situation..after the manner of a pulp paper magazine melodrama.]
1928Pulp artists [see sense 4d]. 1933 N.Y. Times 19 Apr. 16/5 Street & Smith, specialists in ‘pulp’ literature.
1933 N.Y. Times 13 May 14/1 Two of the pulp writers..write by touch system in dark rooms.
1950 N.Y. Times 24 Sept. 18/2 Pulp novels and magazines.
1951 M. McLuhan Mech. Bride 151/1 Why aren't you interested in the private lives of the strippers and pulp artists who upholster our desert landscape?
1958 New Statesman 6 Sept. 294/3 The wretched reader of pulp literature is encouraged to dream of sins and orgies he is forbidden to enact.
1970 G. Greer Female Eunuch 164 The bored housewife..intoning the otherwise very forgettable words of some pulp lovesong.
1992 Sci. Fiction Age Nov. 12/2 ‘Resilience’ was a pulp tale..told with a pulp style.
2003 Esquire Aug. 55 The original Terminator..was one of the best pulp movies ever made and one of the definitive artifacts of the Reagan era.
C2. † pulp-dresser n. Obsolete a machine for refining paper pulp by removing impurities and giving the material a more uniform consistency.† pulp-meter n. Obsolete an apparatus for measuring the amount of pulp required for a specified thickness of paper.
pulp board n. a kind of board made directly from paper pulp instead of being made like pasteboard from paper.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > paper > materials made from paper or pulp > [noun] > millboard > types of
straw-board1850
pulp board1899
corrugated strawboard1912
1899 Atlantic Monthly Dec. (Advertiser) 19/2 Brush & pencil series of American color prints... Uniform in size..and mounted on heavy pulp board.
1975 M. Banister Bookbinding as Handicraft ii. 56 Many art supply stores stock ‘chipboard’ (a form of cardboard, not to be confused with the wood panel product) and ‘pulp board’.
2004 Observer (Charlotte, N. Carolina) (Nexis) 11 Apr. The biggest product carried [on the railroad]? Pulp board, heavy paper used to make corrugated containers.
pulp boiler n. = pulp digester n.
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1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 1821/2 Pulp-boiler, an apparatus for treating paper stock,..to remove gum,..etc., from the fiber.
1891 Indiana (Pa.) Progress 25 Feb. 2/3 The work men are supposed to have put the wrong bleaching chemicals into the rotary pulp boiler generating the explosive gas.
2003 Oregonian (Portland, Oregon) (Nexis) 10 Mar. a1 The company is instituting conservation measures and using more heating oil to fire its pulp boilers.
pulp canal n. Dentistry the space within a root of a tooth that contains pulp; the root canal.
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the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > substance or parts of teeth > [noun] > pulp-cavity
pulp cavity1840
nerve cavity1845
pulp canal1845
root canal1864
pulp chamber1872
1845 R. Owen Odontography II. Descr. Plates 16 The large central vascular or pulp canals.
1901 Lancet 20 July 133/2 The collection of food in the pulp canals, where it remains free to decompose.
1994 Jrnl. Periodontol. 65 255 To test this heat diffusion, copper-constantan thermocouples were inserted into the radicular pulp canals of extracted teeth.
pulp-capping n. Dentistry the covering of the exposed pulp of a tooth with an artificial cap.
ΚΠ
1875 Dental Cosmos 17 507 The success attending pulp-capping.
1976 Ettinger & Pinkham in A. J. Nowak Dentistry for Handicapped Patient xvi. 286/1 The contraindications to pulpotomies in the chronically ill patient are the same as for direct pulp capping.
pulp cavity n. Dentistry the space within a tooth that contains the pulp; esp. that within the crown of the tooth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > substance or parts of teeth > [noun] > pulp-cavity
pulp cavity1840
nerve cavity1845
pulp canal1845
root canal1864
pulp chamber1872
1840 R. Owen in Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1839 59 Teeth..finely but distinctly grooved in the longitudinal direction,..with a long pulp-cavity within.
1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) vi. 155 The tooth is mainly composed of dentine, a calcareous tissue full of fine tubules into which pass processes from the soft tissues of the central pulp cavity.
1998 S. Mays Archaeol. Human Bones vii. 148 Infection of the pulp cavity may lead to the formation of a dental abscess at the tooth socket by extension of the infection along the root canal.
pulp cell n. Anatomy and Zoology a cell of the dental or splenic pulp.
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1840 Lancet 25 July 644/1 The essence of the theory, evidently, is a transition of pulp-cells into ivory cells.
1891 Lancet 14 Nov. 1085/1 A variety of histological elements,..among which are included the connective tissue corpuscles, the large pulp cells of the spleen, [etc.].
1984 Vet. Microbiol. 9 215 Gentle washing of pulp cells removed about 80% of the total infectivity.
pulp chamber n. Dentistry the pulp cavity of the crown of a tooth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > substance or parts of teeth > [noun] > pulp-cavity
pulp cavity1840
nerve cavity1845
pulp canal1845
root canal1864
pulp chamber1872
1872 L. P. Meredith Teeth 54 Each one [sc. tooth] is supplied with blood vessels and nerves, which unite in a common pulp chamber.
1949 H. Sicher Oral Anat. iv. 217 The pulp chamber or coronal pulp cavity is..narrow in mesiodistal, wide in buccolingual direction.
1992 Cambr. Encycl. Human Evol. (1994) ii. iv. 58/2 In the centre of the tooth is a pulp chamber full of blood vessels and nerves.
pulp cutter n. North American a logger who works with trees or wood intended for processing into paper pulp.
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1896 Los Angeles Times 1 Jan. 15/1 In time, when the pulp-cutter shall have shredded the available trees into pulp, these Yucca forests will have passed beyond the reach of regeneration.
1987 I. Radforth Bushworkers & Bosses iii. 55 Instead of making sixteen-foot logs, pulp cutters working alone usually bucked trees into bolts of four or eight feet.
pulp digester n. a machine for producing paper pulp by boiling wood or other plant material with chemicals which dissolve away extraneous material to leave the fibrous pulp.
ΚΠ
1865 Sci. Amer. 23 Dec. 408/2 I claim the combination of the pulp digester,..the steam or hot water heating coil,..and the circulating pump.
1940 Industr. & Engin. Chem. (Industr. ed.) 32 775/1 The formation of p-cymene in the pulp digester during the sulfite pulping of spruce wood.
1976 Science Feb. 768/3 Relatively little extra preparation..is required before it [sc. bagasse] is ready for the pulp digester.
ΚΠ
1830 Jrnl. Franklin Inst. 6 New Ser. 308 Specification of a patent for an improvement in the manufacture of Paper, by means of a machine called a 'Pulp Dresser'. Granted to E. H. Thomas and N. Woodcock,..August 11, 1830.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1823/2 Pulp-dresser, a machine for removing specks and knots from paper-pulp.
pulp fiction n. fiction of a style characteristic of pulp magazines; sensational, lurid, or popular fiction.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > novel > [noun] > other types of novel
political novel1735
comic novel1787
epistolary1804
autobiographical novel1832
Robinsonade1837
roman1867
sea-book1867
roman à clef1882
roman expérimental1884
hill-top novel1895
saga1895
Bildungsroman1910
pulp fiction1931
American Gothic1938
Künstlerroman1941
suspense novel1952
nouveau roman1959
sword and sorcery1961
graphic novel1964
non-fiction novel1965
schlockbuster1966
dark fantasy1968
celebrity novel1969
swashbuckler1975
chick lit1988
splatterpunk1988
Aga saga1992
1928 Decatur (Ill.) Herald 10 Aug. 6/5 Wood-pulp fiction commands a price of two—sometimes three—cents a word.
1930 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 17 Jan. 18/1 Like gold-mad characters from a page of pulp paper fiction.]
1931 N.Y. Times 1 Mar. re10/4 (advt.) Editorial assistant on group of pulp fiction magazines;..state qualifications and salary expected.
1934 Washington Post 8 Mar. 13/8 If the New Woman, then, could have looked 20 years ahead and read some..of the pulp fiction of our own day, there is little doubt that she would have mounted her bicycle and pedaled back into the past.
1955 L. A. Fiedler in D. Lodge 20th Cent. Lit. Crit. (1972) 464 Wordless narrative: digests, pulp fiction, movies, picture magazines.
2003 Independent 19 Apr. i. 22/7 His final foray into pulp fiction took place in the early 1980s when he took on the mantle of Leon Griffiths, pounding out a short series of paperback originals..featuring..Arthur Daley, and his ‘minder’, Terry McCann.
pulp grinder n. a machine for grinding wood or other plant material to make paper pulp.
ΚΠ
1873 R. W. Raymond Silver & Gold v. 312 This company also have..one Farnham & Warren patent pulp-grinder, with a capacity..of 1 ton an hour.
1957 C. C. Williams & E. A. Farber Building Engin. Career (ed. 3) xv. 211 (caption) 3,000-hp. synchronous-motor-driving pulp grinders in a large paper mill.
1997 North Hills News Rec. (Warrendale, Penn.) 26 Dec. a3 We started out by collecting trees with our own employees, and then we would borrow a pulp grinder..to pulverize them.
pulp magazine n. a magazine devoted to popular or sensational literature.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > journalism > journal > periodical > [noun] > other periodicals
annals1763
scientific journal1797
story paper1849
woman's magazine1868
woman's mag1887
house journal1912
film magazine1916
digest1922
fan magazine1928
pulp magazine1929
confession magazine1931
slick1934
glossy1945
trade1949
photonovel1967
1925 Bookman Apr. 160/2 There is an ever present temptation to progress easily from situation to situation—‘shot to shot’ in studio terminology—after the manner of a pulp paper magazine melodrama.
1928 H. M. Robinson in Bookman Aug. 648/2 Few mature intelligences want to write for the wood-pulp magazines... The brain-pulverizing business of devising enough hair-trigger action to stretch over the plotted area of your tale, [etc.].]
1929 Los Angeles Times 22 Sept. a1/8 War stories have stopped as suddenly as they began in the pulp magazines.
1937 A. Huxley Ends & Means xii. 191 Each month the pulp magazines offer to millions of readers their quota of true confessions, film fun, spicy detective stories, hot mysteries.
1937 A. Huxley Ends & Means xii. 207 Pulp-magazine stories are transcriptions of the commonest and easiest day-dreams.
1968 E. A. McCourt Saskatchewan vii. 76 Farwell, as various stories attributed to him suggest, had a pulp-magazine mind.
2005 Uncut June 136/2 The dark heart of American pop culture—luridly violent women-in-peril pulp magazine covers and pulse-pounding purple prose.
ΚΠ
1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. II. 286/2 The cup of the pulp-meter, which is driven in connexion with the paper machine, is made to dip into a box, which..is always kept full of pulp from the pulp-chest.
pulp mill n. a mill in which wood is reduced to paper pulp; (also) a factory in which pulping is carried out.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > workplace > place where specific things are made > [noun] > paper > type of
pulp mill1869
1869 Fitchburg (Mass.) Sentinel 9 Oct. At about 6 o'clock the water made a breadth across the road in front of Capt. John Phillips' pulp mill on River street, and undermined the building.
1898 Daily News 26 July 5/7 He has started pulp mills and lumber mills, and he has made other valuable mineral finds.
1961 Times 2 June 26/2 A new semi-chemical pulp mill to use indigenous woods.
1989 S. B. Hecht & A. Cockburn Fate of Forest vi. 115 Ludwig could neither get clear title to the Jari property nor a government guarantee with which to back the purchase of a second pulp mill.
pulp nodule n. Dentistry = pulp stone n. (a).
ΚΠ
1872 L. P. Meredith Teeth 132 It is a very hard matter to decide whether pulp nodules exist or not.
1930 Lancet 1 Mar. 479/1 Pulp nodules may give rise to neuralgia.
1964 Arch. Oral Biol. 9 158 These elements may be..partially incorporated in the apatite crystals of pulp nodules.
pulp paper n. newsprint; (also) paper of similar texture used for books or magazines (frequently attributive).
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > printing > paper > [noun] > types of printing paper
newspaper1756
tissue1780
surface paper1851
pulp paper1863
India paper1875
onion skin1879
news1887
bâtonné1892
Bible paper1926
1856 Sci. Amer 15 Nov. 77/1 Had they [sc. rags for the manufacture of white paper] not become cheaper, no doubt their place would have been supplied..by straw or wood pulp paper.]
1863 Times 29 Jan. 10/6 So fiercely did the fire extend that at one time it was feared that the pulp paper factory of Mr. J. Havant would also have been consumed.
1908 R. Kipling Lett. of Trav. (1920) 154 The advertising of Canadian papers,..the brittle pulp-paper, the machine-set type.
1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 9 July 542/3 The choice between writing for those pulp-paper magazines that pay by the word and the smooth-paper magazines that pay by the story.
2001 I. Sinclair Landor's Tower (2002) iii. ii. 310 Second Aeon, a counterculture publication that came out of Cardiff: pink covers, pulp paper, explosive typography.
pulp stone n. (a) Dentistry a calcified concretion within the pulp of a tooth; (b) a stone used like a grindstone for reducing wood to pulp.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > paper-making equipment > [noun] > for pulping
beater1825
beating-engine1825
rag engine1825
stuff engine1839
poacher1866
poaching engine1870
breaking-enginea1877
Hollander1878
breaker1880
kollergang1890
pulp stone1892
1892 Philos. Trans. 1891 (Royal Soc.) B. 182 545 Pulp-stone or secondary deposit from pulp of same tusk, showing the incorporation of connective tissue of the pulp with this tissue.
1901 J. H. Pratt in Mineral Resources of U.S. 789 Pulpstones differ from grindstones in having a much broader face.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 232/2 Natural pulpstones are 27 to 36 in. wide by 54 in. or more in diameter... Standard lengths of wood ground are 24, 32, 48 and 50 in.
1991 Jrnl. Oral Pathol. & Med. 20 496 Dentin fragments displaced into the pulp tissue during cavity preparation, acted as sites for pulp stone formation.
pulp strainer n. †(a) a person who strains pulp for paper (obsolete); (b) a device or machine for straining pulp.
ΚΠ
1832 Executive Documents U.S. House of Representatives (22nd Congress, 2nd Sess.) No. 130. 10 Pulp strainer, James Sawyer, Newbury, Vt., Jan 21.
1865 Times 21 Jan. 15/3 (advt.) Marshall's patent revolving pulp strainer.
1992 Consumer Rep. (Nexis) Dec. 747 All juicers:..Have plastic motor housing, plastic reamer, and plastic pulp strainer.
pulpwood n. wood suitable for making paper pulp.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > [noun] > wood for other specific uses
mazera1200
waywoodware1334
piling1422
tenter-timber1562
pinwood1580
mazer wood1594
stop-rice1653
pudlay1679
puncheon1686
veneer1702
pit-wood1715
broach-wood1835
chipwood1838
matchwood1838
fretwood1881
pulpwood1881
coffin-wood1883
bur1885
spool-wood1895
1881 Bangor (Maine) Daily Whig & Courier 26 Nov. 3/2 Large quantities of railroad ties, ship timber spool wood, pulp wood, etc., will be got out this winter.
1960 ‘N. Shute’ Trustee from Toolroom x. 284 The offcuts were turned into pulpwood for newsprint.
1992 Nature Canada Fall 30/1 The spruce budworm destroyed several times that quantity of pulpwood,..killing up to 90 percent of the balsam fir trees in some areas.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
pulpv.
/pʌlp/, U.S. /pəlp/ 1.
a. transitive. To reduce to pulp, or to a pulpy mass.Sometimes: to reduce to pulp by passing through something.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > types of softness > [verb (transitive)] > reduce to pulp
mashc1275
pulp1649
pomate1684
pulpify1839
porridge1967
1649 N. Culpeper Physicall Directory 279 The roots of sharp-pointed Dock, boyled very soft in Vineger and pulped through a sieve.
1683 T. Tryon Way to Health xvi. 543 Conserve of old red Roses pulped.
1736 Compl. Family-piece i. ii. 104 Some love the Gooseberries only mashed, not pulped through a Sieve.
1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 327/1 By pulping the roots and mixing them with a full allowance of chaff, every animal gets its fill.
1878 Amer. Home Cook Bk. 13 Stew them till soft enough to pulp through a hair sieve or coarse cloth.
1962 Which? May 144/2 All the mixers had liquidiser attachments, and we tested them to see how well they pulped tomatoes, made breadcrumbs, [etc.].
1988 D. Rees GCSE CDT—Design & Realisation x. 80 Hardboard is made from wood fibres that have been pulped, processed and refined.
1995 Independent 15 Nov. 3/1 Apple farmers in France were overpaid by £2.5m for produce which was later pulped.
2005 Scot. Farmer 14 May 5/2 As soon as you find a lamb that has been a victim of a boar kill, you know it's not a fox kill. The bones are crushed up and the bodies are virtually pulped.
b. transitive. spec. To reduce (a set of copies of a book, etc., that have been withdrawn from sale) to paper pulp.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > pressing, pressure, or squeezing > press or squeeze [verb (transitive)] > reduce printed matter to a pulp
waste1883
pulp1898
1883 Fortn. Rev. Apr. 499 Many unsaleable books..are ‘wasted’, that is, are sent to the mill, ground up, pulped down, and made again into paper.]
1898 Q. Rev. Apr. 378 The whole work, of which 10,000 copies had been prepared, was seized by Savary and pulped.
1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage lxxxiii. 432 Twenty or thirty copies were sold, and the rest of the edition was pulped.
1958 Listener 25 Sept. 478/1 Dubliners was not burned: it was pulped.
1961 John o' London's 28 Sept. 357/3 A survey of the rancid avalanche of smut magazines..which are pulped out in the States.
1976 P. Larkin Let. 26 May in Sel. Lett. (1992) 541 [All What Jazz is] out of print in this country, and no doubt pulped long ago in the Land of the Free.
2002 N. Nicolson Fanny Burney v. 75 The first edition, on the strength of Fanny's name, was soon exhausted, but the second was pulped when half remained unsold.
a. transitive. To make pulpy, give a pulpy or fleshy appearance to. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1704 R. Steele Lying Lover iii. 33 That [patch] so low on the Cheeks pulps the Flesh too much.
a1821 J. Keats Poet. Wks. (1906) 345 My Isabel's eyes, and her lips pulp'd with bloom.
1876 C. Wells Joseph & His Brethren iii. i. 171 The hanging grapes, That were as small and green as early tares, Did swell and pulp them to a luscious round.
b. intransitive. To become pulpy, to swell. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > types of softness > [verb (intransitive)] > become pulpy
pulpa1821
mash1877
sqush1884
a1821 J. Keats Poet. Wks. (1906) 308 A kiss should bud upon the tree of love, And pulp and ripen richer every hour.
1852 R. H. Stoddard Poems 32 The buried seed begins to pulp and swell In Earth's warm bosom.
3. transitive. To remove the surrounding pulp from (coffee).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > coffee manufacture > [verb (transitive)] > remove rind or pulp
pulp1789
1789 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica (new ed.) 163 These [larger coffee berries] should always be pulped and dried as soon as possible.
1793 B. Edwards Hist. Brit. Colonies W. Indies II. v. iv. 295 The other mode is to pulp it [sc. the coffee] immediately as it comes from the tree.
1849 Times 22 Sept. 2/3 Machines for pulping and shelling coffee.
1894 J. M. Walsh Coffee (Philadelphia) 92 There are times..when it is impossible to pulp coffee; the pulpers may get out of repair.
1937 Jrnl. Royal Afr. Soc. 36 199 The ‘parchment’ (a thin covering which remains round the beans after the Coffee has been pulped and dried).
1999 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 30 Mar. 7 [In Kenya] coffee ‘cherries’ are hand-picked from bushes, pulped, hand-dried and sorted.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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