purlieun.

Brit.

/ˈpəːljuː/, U.S.

/ˈpərl(j)u/

Inflections: Plural purlieus, purlieux.

Forms: late Middle English purlewe, late Middle English–1600s purlew, 1500s purliue, 1500s 1900s– purley, 1500s–1700s purlue, 1500s– purlieu, 1600s pourlieu, 1600s purleiw, 1600s purlie, 1600s purlieue, 1600s purliev, 1600s purliew, 1600s purly, 1600s pvrlue, 1700s perlew, 1700s purleue.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French puralee.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman puralee, puralé, purallé, pouralee purallee n., with elision of the medial vowel and alteration after lieu n. or its French etymon. Compare later purallee n. 2.Compare Law French purlieu (the form is apparently unparalleled in both Anglo-Norman and continental French):1574 in J. Dyer Reports (1592) 327 En le manor dun Fortescue de S. adjoynont al dit chace, come en le purlieu del chase..le libertie del purlieu remayna unextincted.In plural form purlieux after French lieux, plural of lieu place (see lieu n.).

a. A tract of land on the fringe or border of a forest; spec. one formerly included within the forest boundaries and still partly subject to the forest laws, esp. those relating to the hunting or killing of game. Cf. purallee n. 2. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > tract > [noun] > at edge of wood

purlieu1483

purallee?1592

1483 Rolls of Parl. (2005) VI. 224/1 Within his forest of Rokyngham, and other forestes, chaces within his reame of Englond, or purlews of the same.

1483 Rolls of Parl. (2005) VI. 224/1 To the likly destruction of the same foresets, chaces and purlewes.

1533 J. Heywood Play of Wether sig. Biii Rangers and kepers of certayne places As forestes, parkes, purlews and chasys.

1574 in Hist. Fortescue Fam. (1880) 322 The next day..comes the boy that was wont to hunt that purliue.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iv. iii. 77 Pray you, (if you know) Where in the Purlews of this Forrest, stands A sheep-coat, fenc'd about with Oliue-trees.

1655 J. Howell 4th Vol. Familiar Lett. xvi. 40 In Henry the thirds time..ther was much land disafforested, which hath bin call'd pourlieus ever since.

1665 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng Restored 126 How far did the Purlews of this Forrest extend?

1750 H. Purefoy Let. 18 Oct. (1931) II. xvi. 413 My Lord Duke of Grafton had ordered a case to be laid before the Attorney Generall to question my right of hunting in the Purlieus.

1792 W. Osbaldiston Brit. Sportsman 125/1 The course of the deer in the forest or purlieu.

1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. 412 The King's officers were frequently attempting to recover the purlieus, or those lands adjoining the forests which had originally belonged to them, but had been disafforested by the charter of forests.

1911 ‘M. Field’ Dian i. iv, in Trag. Pardon 166 Here in the purlieus of my mountain forest,..I would be Queen.

1976 Jrnl. Ecol. 64 133 A purlieu is land, generally adjacent to a forest, which has been disafforested.

1997 J. Rathbone Last Eng. King (1999) 251 They followed the eastern bank of the Lee for three miles with the purlieus of Epping Forest on their left.

†b. figurative and in figurative contexts. to hunt in purlieu (also the purlieus) and variants: to pursue or enter into an illicit relationship, esp. with a prostitute. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1604 Charlemagne (1938) 59 When younge rychard hunts your purlue ground, come I doe know yow will not chaunge your ryder.

1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster iv. 40 He hunts too much in the purlewes, Would he would leaue off poaching.

a1635 T. Randolph Muses Looking-glasse iv. iii. 72 in Poems (1638) Besides the fines I take of young beginners,—With..ruin'd bauds, with all Amercements due To such as hunt in Purly; this is something, With mine own Game reserv'd.

1690 J. Dryden Amphitryon i. i. 2 He is weary of hunting in the spacious Forest of a Wife, and is following his Game incognito, in some little Purliew here at Thebes.

a. In plural. The outskirts or surroundings of any place; the environs, the borders.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun] > part near the edges or borders

sidec1300

suburbc1384

confines1548

skirt1566

purlieus1577

outskirta1599

selvage1650

skirting1764

1577 J. Dee Gen. Mem. Arte Nauig. 23 Will not they [sc. the Spanish and Portuguese]..alow, like, and commend our wisdoms and Industry, to enioy the skyrts and Purlewes (as it were) of our Brytish..Sea Limits?

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iv. iii. 44 It had some fertile intervalls, especially in the skirts, and purlews thereof, as about Mount Horeb.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 833 A place of bliss In the Pourlieues of Heav'n.

1712 R. Blackmore Creation ii. 78 Venus, which in the Purlieus of the Sun Does now above him, now beneath him run.

1792 T. Paine Rights of Man: Pt. Second v. 91 The millions that are superfluously wasted upon governments, are more than sufficient..to benefit the condition of every man in a nation, not included within the purlieus of a court.

1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies xi A wolf..was skulking about the purlieus of the camp.

1873 J. E. Cooke Her Majesty the Queen v. viii. 292 The purlieus of Westminster Hall were nearly choked with troops.

1925 Amer. Mercury Aug. 438/1 The thought comes to me that possibly within the purlieus of the Capitoline hill some spirit of the past may solve the mystery for me.

1988 H. Mantel Eight Months on Ghazzah St. 66 Fierce cats spit and howl and limp in the purlieus of the buildings.

2001 National Geographic Adventure Jan.–Feb. 24/1 There are 80 miles of singletrack running through Cottonwood Valley and many more miles of trail in the surrounding purlieus.

b. Frequently in plural. An outlying district of a city or town; a suburb. Also: a poor or disreputable area of a city, town, or district; a slum.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > disreputable

purlieu1619

urban jungle1849

cardboard city1876

skid road1880

skid row1931

New Jack City1989

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > suburb

boroughc1380

suburba1387

faubourg1483

fabor1488

suburbar1530

suburb1568

purlieu1619

suburbanity1623

1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 118 Sicilia was now become a purliew, or suburbe-prouince of the Roman State.

a1625 J. Fletcher Chances i. vi, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaa2/1 Sure hee's gone home: I have beaten all the purlewes, But cannot bolt him.

1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlix. 138 Two Tatterdemalions whom he had engaged..about the purlieus of St. Giles's.

1826 C. Lamb Sir Jeffery Dunstan in Misc. Wks. (1871) 390 A wretched shed in the most beggarly purlieu of Bethnal Green.

1895 T. Hardy Jude ii. vi. 142 He saw that his destiny lay not with these, but among the manual toilers in the shabby purlieu which he himself occupied.

1928 E. Blunden Undertones of War x. 103 The battalion moves round through Mailly-Maillet, in whose purlieus..the apples are falling and the leaves beginning to change their tint.

1969 D. Wright Deafness v. 55 Though invisible, the mephitic purlieus of a decaying industrial town made themselves felt.

1997 T. Mackintosh-Smith Yemen (1999) iv. 112 The last Imam of Yemen resided in the English Home Counties, in the bosky purlieus of Bromley.

c. In plural. figurative. The outlying regions of something abstract; the fringes, the margins.

ΚΠ

1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 7 Rather to live within the pale of Truth where they may bee quiet, than in the purliev's, where they are sure to bee hunted ever and anon.

1664 G. Etherege Comical Revenge i. iii. 10 I walk within the Purlieus of the Law.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 266. ⁋4 To understand all the Purleues of this Game the better..I must venture my self, with my Friend Will. into the Haunts of Beauty and Gallantry.

1846 Southern Q. Rev. Apr. 345 One of the smallest and sorriest night-bugs that infest and hover around the purlieus of literature and science.

1890 ‘M. Field’ Tragic Mary iv. vi. 181 I am persuaded responsibility lies about the purlieus of inaction.

1938 Life 19 Sept. 24/1 The man who carried him from the purlieus of New York politics to the cathedral splendors of his chambers at the Post Office.

2005 Daily Mail (Nexis) 10 Nov. 9 The result of the big vote was announced and up went a roar from the Opposition benches and from the woollier purlieus of Labour.

3. A place where a person has the right to come and go freely, or has control; a person's usual haunts or bounds. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > place of resort > [noun]

to-draughta1400

repair1423

repairing1487

resorting place1525

common house1537

resort1565

place (also house) of repairc1595

purlieu1611

howff1711

crib1819

joint1821

hang-out1852

costa1964

1611 L. Barry Ram-Alley i. i. sig. Bb^v Yo'aue drawne him now within your purlews mistresse.

1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §51 Surely, though we place Hell under earth, the Devils walke and purlue is about it.

a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 93 Wing'd with Passion, through his known Purlieu, Swift as an Arrow from a Bow, he flew.

1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub Pref. 17 Wit has its Walks and Purlieus, out of which it may not stray the breadth of a Hair.

1744 W. Stukeley in W. C. Lukis Family Mem. W. Stukeley (1882) I. 368 I design to enter upon winter quarters, and travel chiefly the perlews of my garden.

1830 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 24 Apr. 564 At the village of Hailstone, I got into the purlieu, as they call it in Hampshire, of a person well known in the Wen.

1884 R. Browning Bean-stripe in Ferishtah's Fancies 155 There's the palm-aphis..and his world's the palm-frond,..An inch of green for cradle, pasture-ground, Purlieu and grave.

1975 A. McCaffrey Kilternan Legacy (1976) xix. 234 If Nosy or anyone was now prowling my purlieu, I was going to give him a rude surprise.

1993 A. Rich What is found There xix. 161 What I observed..was the reaction to having a purlieu invaded, a ritual space violated, the rules of decorum broken.

Compounds

† purlieu dinner n. Obsolete a dinner party held in the outlying districts of a city.

ΚΠ

1815 Ld. Byron Let. 12 June (1975) IV. 297 Murray..has been cruelly cudgelled..in his way home from a purlieu dinner—and robbed.

† purlieu hunter n. Obsolete a person who hunts in the purlieu of a forest (figurative in quot. 1621).

ΚΠ

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. v. i. 220 As a purly hunter, I haue hitherto beaten about the circuit of the forrest of this Microcosme.

purlieu wood n. now historical a wood situated in the purlieu of a forest.

ΚΠ

1750 H. Purefoy Let. Sept. (1931) ii. 410 I had a case drawn up by an Attorney to know how far the rights of the owners of Purlieu woods extended.

1794 in Jas. Donaldson Agric. Surv. Northampt. 37 Purlieu-woods are those woods which are situate immediately in the vicinity of the forest.

1976 Jrnl. Ecol. 64 133 The coppice system..was predominant, with rotations of sixteen to eighteen years in forest woods, and rather less in purlieu woods.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	purlieu
释义	purlieun. Brit. /ˈpəːljuː/, U.S. /ˈpərl(j)u/ Inflections: Plural purlieus, purlieux. Forms: late Middle English purlewe, late Middle English–1600s purlew, 1500s purliue, 1500s 1900s– purley, 1500s–1700s purlue, 1500s– purlieu, 1600s pourlieu, 1600s purleiw, 1600s purlie, 1600s purlieue, 1600s purliev, 1600s purliew, 1600s purly, 1600s pvrlue, 1700s perlew, 1700s purleue. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French puralee. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman puralee, puralé, purallé, pouralee purallee n., with elision of the medial vowel and alteration after lieu n. or its French etymon. Compare later purallee n. 2.Compare Law French purlieu (the form is apparently unparalleled in both Anglo-Norman and continental French):1574 in J. Dyer Reports (1592) 327 En le manor dun Fortescue de S. adjoynont al dit chace, come en le purlieu del chase..le libertie del purlieu remayna unextincted.In plural form purlieux after French lieux, plural of lieu place (see lieu n.). 1. a. A tract of land on the fringe or border of a forest; spec. one formerly included within the forest boundaries and still partly subject to the forest laws, esp. those relating to the hunting or killing of game. Cf. purallee n. 2. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > tract > [noun] > at edge of wood purlieu1483 purallee?1592 1483 Rolls of Parl. (2005) VI. 224/1 Within his forest of Rokyngham, and other forestes, chaces within his reame of Englond, or purlews of the same. 1483 Rolls of Parl. (2005) VI. 224/1 To the likly destruction of the same foresets, chaces and purlewes. 1533 J. Heywood Play of Wether sig. Biii Rangers and kepers of certayne places As forestes, parkes, purlews and chasys. 1574 in Hist. Fortescue Fam. (1880) 322 The next day..comes the boy that was wont to hunt that purliue. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iv. iii. 77 Pray you, (if you know) Where in the Purlews of this Forrest, stands A sheep-coat, fenc'd about with Oliue-trees. 1655 J. Howell 4th Vol. Familiar Lett. xvi. 40 In Henry the thirds time..ther was much land disafforested, which hath bin call'd pourlieus ever since. 1665 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng Restored 126 How far did the Purlews of this Forrest extend? 1750 H. Purefoy Let. 18 Oct. (1931) II. xvi. 413 My Lord Duke of Grafton had ordered a case to be laid before the Attorney Generall to question my right of hunting in the Purlieus. 1792 W. Osbaldiston Brit. Sportsman 125/1 The course of the deer in the forest or purlieu. 1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. 412 The King's officers were frequently attempting to recover the purlieus, or those lands adjoining the forests which had originally belonged to them, but had been disafforested by the charter of forests. 1911 ‘M. Field’ Dian i. iv, in Trag. Pardon 166 Here in the purlieus of my mountain forest,..I would be Queen. 1976 Jrnl. Ecol. 64 133 A purlieu is land, generally adjacent to a forest, which has been disafforested. 1997 J. Rathbone Last Eng. King (1999) 251 They followed the eastern bank of the Lee for three miles with the purlieus of Epping Forest on their left. †b. figurative and in figurative contexts. to hunt in purlieu (also the purlieus) and variants: to pursue or enter into an illicit relationship, esp. with a prostitute. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1604 Charlemagne (1938) 59 When younge rychard hunts your purlue ground, come I doe know yow will not chaunge your ryder. 1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster iv. 40 He hunts too much in the purlewes, Would he would leaue off poaching. a1635 T. Randolph Muses Looking-glasse iv. iii. 72 in Poems (1638) Besides the fines I take of young beginners,—With..ruin'd bauds, with all Amercements due To such as hunt in Purly; this is something, With mine own Game reserv'd. 1690 J. Dryden Amphitryon i. i. 2 He is weary of hunting in the spacious Forest of a Wife, and is following his Game incognito, in some little Purliew here at Thebes. 2. a. In plural. The outskirts or surroundings of any place; the environs, the borders. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun] > part near the edges or borders sidec1300 suburbc1384 confines1548 skirt1566 purlieus1577 outskirta1599 selvage1650 skirting1764 1577 J. Dee Gen. Mem. Arte Nauig. 23 Will not they [sc. the Spanish and Portuguese]..alow, like, and commend our wisdoms and Industry, to enioy the skyrts and Purlewes (as it were) of our Brytish..Sea Limits? 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iv. iii. 44 It had some fertile intervalls, especially in the skirts, and purlews thereof, as about Mount Horeb. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 833 A place of bliss In the Pourlieues of Heav'n. View more context for this quotation 1712 R. Blackmore Creation ii. 78 Venus, which in the Purlieus of the Sun Does now above him, now beneath him run. 1792 T. Paine Rights of Man: Pt. Second v. 91 The millions that are superfluously wasted upon governments, are more than sufficient..to benefit the condition of every man in a nation, not included within the purlieus of a court. 1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies xi A wolf..was skulking about the purlieus of the camp. 1873 J. E. Cooke Her Majesty the Queen v. viii. 292 The purlieus of Westminster Hall were nearly choked with troops. 1925 Amer. Mercury Aug. 438/1 The thought comes to me that possibly within the purlieus of the Capitoline hill some spirit of the past may solve the mystery for me. 1988 H. Mantel Eight Months on Ghazzah St. 66 Fierce cats spit and howl and limp in the purlieus of the buildings. 2001 National Geographic Adventure Jan.–Feb. 24/1 There are 80 miles of singletrack running through Cottonwood Valley and many more miles of trail in the surrounding purlieus. b. Frequently in plural. An outlying district of a city or town; a suburb. Also: a poor or disreputable area of a city, town, or district; a slum. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > disreputable purlieu1619 urban jungle1849 cardboard city1876 skid road1880 skid row1931 New Jack City1989 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > suburb boroughc1380 suburba1387 faubourg1483 fabor1488 suburbar1530 suburb1568 purlieu1619 suburbanity1623 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 118 Sicilia was now become a purliew, or suburbe-prouince of the Roman State. a1625 J. Fletcher Chances i. vi, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Aaa2/1 Sure hee's gone home: I have beaten all the purlewes, But cannot bolt him. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlix. 138 Two Tatterdemalions whom he had engaged..about the purlieus of St. Giles's. 1826 C. Lamb Sir Jeffery Dunstan in Misc. Wks. (1871) 390 A wretched shed in the most beggarly purlieu of Bethnal Green. 1895 T. Hardy Jude ii. vi. 142 He saw that his destiny lay not with these, but among the manual toilers in the shabby purlieu which he himself occupied. 1928 E. Blunden Undertones of War x. 103 The battalion moves round through Mailly-Maillet, in whose purlieus..the apples are falling and the leaves beginning to change their tint. 1969 D. Wright Deafness v. 55 Though invisible, the mephitic purlieus of a decaying industrial town made themselves felt. 1997 T. Mackintosh-Smith Yemen (1999) iv. 112 The last Imam of Yemen resided in the English Home Counties, in the bosky purlieus of Bromley. c. In plural. figurative. The outlying regions of something abstract; the fringes, the margins. ΚΠ 1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 7 Rather to live within the pale of Truth where they may bee quiet, than in the purliev's, where they are sure to bee hunted ever and anon. 1664 G. Etherege Comical Revenge i. iii. 10 I walk within the Purlieus of the Law. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 266. ⁋4 To understand all the Purleues of this Game the better..I must venture my self, with my Friend Will. into the Haunts of Beauty and Gallantry. 1846 Southern Q. Rev. Apr. 345 One of the smallest and sorriest night-bugs that infest and hover around the purlieus of literature and science. 1890 ‘M. Field’ Tragic Mary iv. vi. 181 I am persuaded responsibility lies about the purlieus of inaction. 1938 Life 19 Sept. 24/1 The man who carried him from the purlieus of New York politics to the cathedral splendors of his chambers at the Post Office. 2005 Daily Mail (Nexis) 10 Nov. 9 The result of the big vote was announced and up went a roar from the Opposition benches and from the woollier purlieus of Labour. 3. A place where a person has the right to come and go freely, or has control; a person's usual haunts or bounds. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > place of resort > [noun] to-draughta1400 repair1423 repairing1487 resorting place1525 common house1537 resort1565 place (also house) of repairc1595 purlieu1611 howff1711 crib1819 joint1821 hang-out1852 costa1964 1611 L. Barry Ram-Alley i. i. sig. Bb^v Yo'aue drawne him now within your purlews mistresse. 1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) i. §51 Surely, though we place Hell under earth, the Devils walke and purlue is about it. View more context for this quotation a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 93 Wing'd with Passion, through his known Purlieu, Swift as an Arrow from a Bow, he flew. 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub Pref. 17 Wit has its Walks and Purlieus, out of which it may not stray the breadth of a Hair. 1744 W. Stukeley in W. C. Lukis Family Mem. W. Stukeley (1882) I. 368 I design to enter upon winter quarters, and travel chiefly the perlews of my garden. 1830 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 24 Apr. 564 At the village of Hailstone, I got into the purlieu, as they call it in Hampshire, of a person well known in the Wen. 1884 R. Browning Bean-stripe in Ferishtah's Fancies 155 There's the palm-aphis..and his world's the palm-frond,..An inch of green for cradle, pasture-ground, Purlieu and grave. 1975 A. McCaffrey Kilternan Legacy (1976) xix. 234 If Nosy or anyone was now prowling my purlieu, I was going to give him a rude surprise. 1993 A. Rich What is found There xix. 161 What I observed..was the reaction to having a purlieu invaded, a ritual space violated, the rules of decorum broken. Compounds † purlieu dinner n. Obsolete a dinner party held in the outlying districts of a city. ΚΠ 1815 Ld. Byron Let. 12 June (1975) IV. 297 Murray..has been cruelly cudgelled..in his way home from a purlieu dinner—and robbed. † purlieu hunter n. Obsolete a person who hunts in the purlieu of a forest (figurative in quot. 1621). ΚΠ 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. v. i. 220 As a purly hunter, I haue hitherto beaten about the circuit of the forrest of this Microcosme. purlieu wood n. now historical a wood situated in the purlieu of a forest. ΚΠ 1750 H. Purefoy Let. Sept. (1931) ii. 410 I had a case drawn up by an Attorney to know how far the rights of the owners of Purlieu woods extended. 1794 in Jas. Donaldson Agric. Surv. Northampt. 37 Purlieu-woods are those woods which are situate immediately in the vicinity of the forest. 1976 Jrnl. Ecol. 64 133 The coppice system..was predominant, with rotations of sixteen to eighteen years in forest woods, and rather less in purlieu woods. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1483
随便看	operaloving operamad operameter operance operancy operand operands operant operant conditioning operantly operants operarious operary operas operatable operate operate externally operate on all cylinders operate on etc cylinders operate on four cylinders operate on six cylinders operated operatee operates operatic