| 释义 |
pumicen. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French pomice. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman pomice, pomiz, pomys, pumis pumice (13th cent.; apparently rare in continental French, where the usual word is ponce pounce n.3, but compare Old French pomis (a1250 in an isolated attestation), French †pumice (1611 in Cotgrave)) < post-classical Latin pomic- , pomex (6th cent. or earlier), variant of classical Latin pūmic- , pūmex pumex n. Compare Spanish pómez (a1450; now usually in the compound piedra pómez pumice stone: see pumice stone n.), Portuguese pomes (15th cent. as pomez in the compound pedra-pomez pumice stone (see pumice stone n.); now only in this compound), Italian pomice (1310; also †pumice ). Compare pumice stone n.It is unclear whether the following earlier quot. shows the Middle English or the Anglo-Norman word:1400 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 267 Lego fabricæ ecclesiæ ibidem..unum saculum plenum de pomyse. The modern standard spelling is influenced by the classical Latin ultimate etymon; although forms in pu- are found from an early time, they apparently only become dominant after 1600. The standard spelling has given rise to a variant pronunciation /ˈpjuːmɪs/, which is recorded by several 19th-cent. dictionaries, as well as by N.E.D. (1909); it still appears to be current, although not found in any recent pronunciation guides. The origin of the α. forms is unclear; they may perhaps show confusion with words in -ish suffix1. The γ. forms apparently show an inferred singular, although compare the parallel, slightly later γ forms at pumice stone n., which could simply show assimilation. In δ. forms apparently by association with adjectives in -ic suffix. With pumice hoof n. compare earlier pumiced adj. 2. Compare also Old English pumic (directly < classical Latin pūmic-, pūmex):eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xxxix. 100 Genim heorotes sceafoþan of felle ascafen mid pumice.OE Antwerp Gloss. (1955) 141 Pumex, pumic. 1. society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > smoothing or polishing > pumice the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > [noun] > polish > types of 1422–3 in J. T. Fowler (1901) III. 619 (MED) Et in incausto, pumysch, cera rubea..2 s. 4 d. ?1530 J. Fitzherbert (rev. ed.) f. xlviii Penne, paper, ynke, parchment,..pommes,..thou remembre. 1567 J. Maplet Pref. sig. Avijv Of the seconde sort is the Pumeise [printed Pumelse] concrete of froth as Isidore witnesseth. 1578 J. Lyly f. 14 The greatest blotte is taken off with the Pommice. 1615 G. Sandys 242 Much ground about it [sc. Ætna] lies waste by meanes of the eiected pumis. 1616 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor (rev. ed.) v. iv, in I. 162 Macilente..lyes a soking in their frothy humours..could the pummise but hold vp his eyes at other mens happines. 1771 W. Hamilton 17 The cones of both these supposed volcanos are composed of tufa and strata of loose pumice. 1796 J. Morse (new ed.) II. 164 Vast quantities of pumice or scoria of different kinds. 1854 F. C. Bakewell 86 Pumice is a well known volcanic product of a white colour, and so light that it swims upon water. 1858 C. Merivale VI. liv. 233 A copy of one book..of Martial..,smoothed with pumice, and elegantly bound, was sold for 3s. 4d. 1878 T. H. Huxley (ed. 2) xii. 193 The stone largely used for scouring paint under the name of pumice. 1942 June 715/1 The ‘sand bar’ turned out to be a thick layer of floating pumice, a reminder of the volcanic eruption of a few months previous. 1986 B. Forbes I. i. 9 The entrance steps [had been] burnished with pumice. 2005 (Nexis) 18 Mar. 9L A comprehensive cleaning process involving silver nitrate, salt, pumice and cream of tartar. the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > volcanic rocks > lava > pumice the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > igneous rock > [noun] > volcanic rocks > lava > pumice > piece of 1480 (Caxton) (1964) 44 Goo fecche a pomyce And of the best papier My penknyf my sheris. 1501 in J. B. Paul (1900) II. 63 For foure pumyses to him,..xij d. ?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI sig. E.v A pumyse made hote. a1660 J. Evelyn anno 1645 (1955) II. 336 In Ann: 1630 it [sc. Vesuvius] burst out.., spewing out huge stones, & fiery pumices. 1681 N. Grew iii. §i. 306 The Seive-Stone... A kind of Tophus. 'Tis of a brown colour, porous light and friable, as a Pumice. 1698 R. South III. 393 To oppress, beggar, and squeeze them as dry as a Pumice. 1780 (Royal Soc.) 70 82 This curious substance has the lightness of a pumice. 1822 (Royal Soc.) 112 335 The pumices..were attracted..by the magnet. 1991 27 June 12/3 A pumice is also ideal for dealing with tough skin on the heels or soles of feet. 2003 G. A. Dariaux (new ed.) 15 [The feet] should be smoothed with a pumice every day and softened with lotion. 1591 R. Greene sig. L2v The pumice that defaceth memorie,..Is but a stomach ouerchargd with meates. 1638 A. Cowley iii. sig. C3v For I have eyes of pumice. a1643 W. Cartwright (1651) v. iii. 80 I cannot weep, mine Eyes are Pumice. a1658 J. Cleveland (1677) 166 Marble can weep, whilest we are Pumices. Compounds C1. 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna f. 20v The two..pillars of Porphyre..of a pumish or tawnie colour. 1745 J. Trapp (ed. 2) ii. 47 Vast Rocks, which could the Weight of Citys bear, Like spongy Pumice-Cinders, twirl'd in Air! 1800 435 You must pound some..in a mortar..which put into a fine linen or cambrick bag, tying it about midway, tight, but leaving room for the pumice dust to sift through the bottom. 1811 J. Pinkerton (ed. 3) 665 The pumice lands soon imbibe the rain. 1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin III. iv. 73 A firmly-cemented conglomerate of pumice pebbles. 1899 Dec. 790/1 The scenery [of New Zealand] is a synopsis of the best of Norway, Switzerland, Italy, and England, with occasional patches of the Desert of Sahara in the pumice country around the hot lakes. 1950 Jan. 17/3 In the north and north-west, where annual rainfall is over 50 in., the soils are classified as yellow brown pumice soils. They are light, fluffy pumice soils formed on volcanic ash. 1965 S. T. Ollivier i. 1 Harry stood at the roadside and watched the white pumice dust rising between the bracken at each side of the road. 2003 Feb. 29/2 The tool in their hands, with its pumice head, was used to grind the floor smooth. b. Objective. 1891 R. Wallace xv. 229 Pumice-topped land..covers unfortunately about thirty per cent. of the area of the North Island. C2. 1688 R. Holme iii. 89/1 Terms used..as to Horse-Shooing... Pomise, or Flat Hoofe. Derivatives 1624 J. Smith v. 169 A kinde of white hard substance..pumish~like and spungy. 1749 T. Short I. 352 These Floods of Fire being cooled by the Air, hardened into great Heaps of Pumice-like Stones, called Sciarra. 1862 12 99 The light vesicular pumice-like masses have been scattered by the wind over the plateaus surrounding these hills. 1995 Jan. 64/3 When subjected to a blow, the soft, pumicelike outer material of the enlarged Pagetic skull gives way to a white, hardened, highly resilient core. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pumicev. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: pumice n. Etymology: < pumice n. Compare classical Latin pūmicāre pumicate v. Compare later pounce v.2 society > occupation and work > industry > working with tools or equipment > work with tools or equipment [verb (transitive)] > filing, polishing, or smoothing tool the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > polishing > polish [verb (transitive)] > with specific preparation a1425 (Stonyhurst) f. 53v Punico [perh. read Pumico], to pomeyse. ?c1475 (BL Add. 15562) f. 100 To pumyce [1483 BL Add. 89074 Pumysche], pumicare. 1552 R. Huloet Pomaisen or trimme parchment, pumico. 1591 R. Percyvall Dict. at Esponjar To sponge, to pumise. 1610 W. Folkingham ii. vi. 58 Pounded Rossin both finely searced and lightly pummiced. 1647 R. Stapleton in tr. Juvenal 154 The Italians to this day have the fashion of pumicing their skin to get off the haire. 1755 M. Postlethwayt tr. J. Savary des Brûlons II. 39/2 After the skinner has dressed the skins..pared, rubbed them with chalk several times, wetted, pumiced, wetted again, drained, rubbed them again with pumice-stone. 1797 15 250 When dry to be pumiced over, so as to make the whole perfectly dry and smooth. 1873 E. Spon 1st Ser. 393/2 The slab is then pumiced to reduce it to a level surface. 1942 A. Clarke As Crow Flies in C. D. Owens & J. N. Radnor (1990) 428 If pious monk Pumice my name from lessonbook? 1986 3 Aug. 52 Pumice away rough..skin. 1991 3 187/2 He accused Jenkins of pumicing down his statues to make them white and smooth. Derivatives 1552 R. Huloet Pomaysynge or trymmynge wyth pomaise, pumigatio. 1852 C. Morfit (1853) 438 The leather..passes under the pumicing cylinders. 1960 9 June vi. 3/5 A pedicure, followed up by a gentle pumicing of bumps and callouses. 1993 27 Feb. 11/3 You remove the natural pellicle [of the teeth] by pumicing and then apply the peptide. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.1422 v.a1425 |
