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单词 punition
释义

punitionn.

Brit. /pjuːˈnɪʃn/, U.S. /pjuˈnɪʃ(ə)n/
Forms: late Middle English pugnycion, late Middle English punicion, late Middle English punicioun, late Middle English punissheon, late Middle English punisshion, late Middle English punycione, late Middle English punycioun, late Middle English punyssheon, late Middle English punysshon, late Middle English punyssion, late Middle English punyssyon, late Middle English punysyon, late Middle English punytion, late Middle English–1500s punissyon, late Middle English–1500s punycion, late Middle English–1500s punycyon, late Middle English– punition, 1500s punission, 1500s punysion; Scottish pre-1700 ponitione, pre-1700 puneisioun, pre-1700 puneissioun, pre-1700 punestoun, pre-1700 punetioun, pre-1700 punicion, pre-1700 punicione, pre-1700 punicioun, pre-1700 punicioune, pre-1700 puniscioune, pre-1700 punision, pre-1700 punisione, pre-1700 punisioun, pre-1700 punissione, pre-1700 punissioun, pre-1700 punitione, pre-1700 punitioun, pre-1700 punycione, pre-1700 punycioun, pre-1700 punycioune, pre-1700 punyscione, pre-1700 punysioun, pre-1700 punyssioun, pre-1700 punytion, pre-1700 punytioun, pre-1700 punytyown, pre-1700 pvnicioun, pre-1700 pvnicioune, pre-1700 pvnicoun, pre-1700 pvnisione, pre-1700 pvnisioun, pre-1700 pvnissioun, pre-1700 pvnition, pre-1700 pvnitioun, pre-1700 pwniscioune, pre-1700 pwnissione, pre-1700 pwnissioun, pre-1700 pwnissioune, pre-1700 pwnition, pre-1700 pwnitioun, pre-1700 pwnyscione, pre-1700 pwnytion, pre-1700 1700s– punition.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French punicion; Latin pūnītiōn-, pūnītiō.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman puniciun, puniscion, punisscioun, Anglo-Norman and Middle French punicion, Middle French punition punishment (c1250 in Old French as punission ; French punition ) and its etymon classical Latin pūnītiōn-, pūnītiō (also poenītiō ) punishment < pūnīt- , past participial stem of pūnīre punish v. + -iō -ion suffix1. Compare Catalan punició (14th cent.), Spanish punición (late 14th cent.), Portuguese punição (15th cent. as †puniçom), Italian punizione (a1348).
Now rare.
= punishment n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > [noun] > action of inflicting
punishingc1375
punition1405
executionc1430
justifying1487
inflictiona1535
animadversion1535
penalization1888
woodshedding1940
1405 in J. Slater Early Scots Texts (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb.) (1952) No. 59 Yhe sulde erar put blame & punicioun to the doarys of the saide trespas..than me.
a1425 (a1400) Northern Pauline Epist. (1916) Rom. xi. 27 (MED) Þe punissyon schal be til þem when I schal hafe don awey þeire synnes.
1467–8 Rolls of Parl. V. 633/1 Dyvers Estatutes for punition of such persones that gyven or resceyven Lyverees..have be made.
?1473 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Recuyell Hist. Troye (1894) II. lf. 223 Why..amendest the not..for the pugnycion that thou hast suffred.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid ii. x. 23 Sair pwnitioun of Greikis dred scho.
1549 R. Crowley Voyce Laste Trumpet sig. Dvi Yet se if thou can cause him feare Goddes terrible punission.
1615 E. Hoby Curry-combe iii. 109 The time after this life is for punition, not for purgation.
1625 W. Guild Ignis Fatuus 32 Purgatory, where there is no remission of sinnes, but punition for sinnes.
a1706 J. Evelyn Hist. Relig. (1850) I. i. 85 Means, for the punition of tyrants, and the vices of men.
1830 Fraser's Mag. 2 391 The doom of restitution and punition.
1866 H. Bushnell Vicarious Sacrifice iii. v. 326 The result of such a scheme is not any state of virtue, but a state of natural punition that is, without a peradventure, endless.
1929 E. H. White Meaning Rousseau ii. 50 Once the boy is out of innocence he is liable to vice, and we must begin thinking of correction and punition.
1995 Chicago Daily Law Bull. (Nexis) 27 Mar. 6 If the victim had been a white female, would the punition have been more severe?

Derivatives

puˈnitional adj. rare relating to or characterized by punishment.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > [adjective]
punishinga1500
penitive1502
punitivea1513
penal1561
penous1627
penary1651
vindictive1656
chastising1691
punitory1710
punitional1824
1824 J. Bentham Mem. in Wks. (1843) X. 548 There should be no responsibility, punitional or compensational.
1859 J. Workman Let. 18 Aug. in J. E. Moran Committed to State Asylum (2001) 161 Insanity has never been cured, or benefited, by punitional measures.
1935 G. de Purucker Esoteric Trad. I. xvii. 565 The same observation applies to those states of punitional retribution likewise recognised by the old religions.
punitionally adv. Obsolete rare with regard to punishment.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > [adverb]
penallya1500
disciplinarily1706
punitionally1826
1826 J. Bentham in Westm. Rev. Oct. 494 Every lawyer..might and should be made punitionally and compensationally responsible.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1405
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