pygargn.

Brit.

/ˈpʌɪɡɑːɡ/, U.S.

/ˈpaɪˌɡɑrɡ/

Forms:

α. Middle English figarde, Middle English phigarg, Middle English phigark, Middle English phigars.

β. Middle English–1500s pigargus, 1500s–1700s pygargus.

γ. 1500s pygarge, 1600s pigage, 1600s pugarg, 1600s pygargue, 1600s– pygarg.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pȳgargus.

Etymology: < classical Latin pȳgargus a kind of antelope, a kind of eagle or hawk (Pliny) < ancient Greek πύγαργος a kind of antelope (Herodotus), a kind of eagle (Aristotle), literally ‘white-rump’ < πυγή rump (see pygo- comb. form) + ἀργός white (see argil n.). Compare Middle French pygarge , French pygargue (1482 in an apparently isolated attestation as pigart (with suffix substitution: compare -ard suffix), subsequently from 1770, in sense 2; 1562 in Du Pinet's translation of Pliny, and subsequently from early 19th cent., in sense 1). With sense 2 compare scientific Latin Falco pygargus, adopted by Linnaeus ( Systema naturæ (ed. 10, 1758) I. 89) for a ‘ringtail’ harrier later identified as a female Montagu's harrier.In α. forms apparently by confusion with Greek words with initial ϕ.

1. A kind of antelope mentioned by Herodotus and Pliny, perhaps the addax, Addax nasomaculatus. Now historical and humorous.In the Septuagint and Vulgate, whence in the Wyclif and Douay Bibles and the King James Bible (1611), used to translate Hebrew dīšōn (which in the Old Testament and Hebrew Scriptures only occurs in Deuteronomy 14:5).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > antelope > [noun] > subfamily Hippotraginae > genus Addax (addax)

pygarga1382

addax1601

white-breecha1661

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xiv. 5 Þis is þe beest þat ȝe owyn to ete: oxe & sheep &..phigark [v.rr. phigarg, phigars; a1425 L.V. figarde; L. pygargum; 1609 (Douay), pygargue; 1611 and R.V., Pygarg].

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 295^v Pigargus is a clene beste to mete..and is an horned beste as a goot bukke..lasse þan an hert and gretter than a goot bukke..a wilde beste and of gret swiftnesse.

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 56^v The fielde is Veneris, a Pygarge, of the Sunne. This is an horne beaste, like a Goate bucke.

1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs xi. 213 That hath a Hare and bore of wood at home, A fat-rumpt Pugarg, and a sow's great womb.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Pygargus, a wild Beast like a Fallow Deer, so call'd because its back Parts are white.

1790 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Gen. Hist. Quadrupeds 69 The White Antelope, which is supposed to be the same with the Pygarg, mentioned in the book of Numbers, is an inhabitant of the Cape of Good Hope, where it is called the Spring-bok.

1851 A. A. Bonar Comm. on Leviticus 218 The pygarg (or lidmee), with its double-sized horns and double strength.

1927 Glasgow Herald 20 Apr. 10/8 A Pygarg I am sure would be The perfect friend and pet for me, To welcome me returning home Pygargling when it heard me come!

1958 N. J. Jacobs Naming-day in Eden iii. 16 [Among the beasts named by Adam is] the pygarg, a kind of antelope with white hindquarters.

†2. Frequently in form pygargus. Any of several birds of prey with a white tail or rump; esp. the white-tailed sea eagle, Haliaeetus albicilla. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > [noun] > family Pandionidae (osprey)

pygarga1398

ospreyc1450

ospring1530

water eagle1562

bone-breaker1598

ospringer?1611

ossifrage1658

fish-eagle1678

fishing hawk1694

fishing eaglea1792

eagle fisher1801

fish-hawk1808

break-bones1838

the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [noun] > eagles > genus Haliaetus > species albicilla (white-tailed eagle)

erneOE

pygarga1398

sea-eagle1668

white-tailed eagle1678

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 295^v Hugucioun seith þat pigargus is a litel lowe brid.

1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) iii. v. 227/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Of hawkes and rauenous foules... Neither haue we the pygargus or gripe.

1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. ii. 61 Of the Pygarg or white-tail'd Eagle, called Pygargus, and Albicilla, and by some Hinnularia. It is called Pygargus from the whiteness of its rump or train.

1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 331 The pygargus, the falco..with the tailfeathers white and black at the end.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pygarg
释义	pygargn. Brit. /ˈpʌɪɡɑːɡ/, U.S. /ˈpaɪˌɡɑrɡ/ Forms: α. Middle English figarde, Middle English phigarg, Middle English phigark, Middle English phigars. β. Middle English–1500s pigargus, 1500s–1700s pygargus. γ. 1500s pygarge, 1600s pigage, 1600s pugarg, 1600s pygargue, 1600s– pygarg. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin pȳgargus. Etymology: < classical Latin pȳgargus a kind of antelope, a kind of eagle or hawk (Pliny) < ancient Greek πύγαργος a kind of antelope (Herodotus), a kind of eagle (Aristotle), literally ‘white-rump’ < πυγή rump (see pygo- comb. form) + ἀργός white (see argil n.). Compare Middle French pygarge , French pygargue (1482 in an apparently isolated attestation as pigart (with suffix substitution: compare -ard suffix), subsequently from 1770, in sense 2; 1562 in Du Pinet's translation of Pliny, and subsequently from early 19th cent., in sense 1). With sense 2 compare scientific Latin Falco pygargus, adopted by Linnaeus ( Systema naturæ (ed. 10, 1758) I. 89) for a ‘ringtail’ harrier later identified as a female Montagu's harrier.In α. forms apparently by confusion with Greek words with initial ϕ. 1. A kind of antelope mentioned by Herodotus and Pliny, perhaps the addax, Addax nasomaculatus. Now historical and humorous.In the Septuagint and Vulgate, whence in the Wyclif and Douay Bibles and the King James Bible (1611), used to translate Hebrew dīšōn (which in the Old Testament and Hebrew Scriptures only occurs in Deuteronomy 14:5). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > antelope > [noun] > subfamily Hippotraginae > genus Addax (addax) pygarga1382 addax1601 white-breecha1661 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Deut. xiv. 5 Þis is þe beest þat ȝe owyn to ete: oxe & sheep &..phigark [v.rr. phigarg, phigars; a1425 L.V. figarde; L. pygargum; 1609 (Douay), pygargue; 1611 and R.V., Pygarg]. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 295^v Pigargus is a clene beste to mete..and is an horned beste as a goot bukke..lasse þan an hert and gretter than a goot bukke..a wilde beste and of gret swiftnesse. 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie ii. f. 56^v The fielde is Veneris, a Pygarge, of the Sunne. This is an horne beaste, like a Goate bucke. 1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs xi. 213 That hath a Hare and bore of wood at home, A fat-rumpt Pugarg, and a sow's great womb. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Pygargus, a wild Beast like a Fallow Deer, so call'd because its back Parts are white. 1790 R. Beilby & T. Bewick Gen. Hist. Quadrupeds 69 The White Antelope, which is supposed to be the same with the Pygarg, mentioned in the book of Numbers, is an inhabitant of the Cape of Good Hope, where it is called the Spring-bok. 1851 A. A. Bonar Comm. on Leviticus 218 The pygarg (or lidmee), with its double-sized horns and double strength. 1927 Glasgow Herald 20 Apr. 10/8 A Pygarg I am sure would be The perfect friend and pet for me, To welcome me returning home Pygargling when it heard me come! 1958 N. J. Jacobs Naming-day in Eden iii. 16 [Among the beasts named by Adam is] the pygarg, a kind of antelope with white hindquarters. †2. Frequently in form pygargus. Any of several birds of prey with a white tail or rump; esp. the white-tailed sea eagle, Haliaeetus albicilla. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > [noun] > family Pandionidae (osprey) pygarga1398 ospreyc1450 ospring1530 water eagle1562 bone-breaker1598 ospringer?1611 ossifrage1658 fish-eagle1678 fishing hawk1694 fishing eaglea1792 eagle fisher1801 fish-hawk1808 break-bones1838 the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [noun] > eagles > genus Haliaetus > species albicilla (white-tailed eagle) erneOE pygarga1398 sea-eagle1668 white-tailed eagle1678 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 295^v Hugucioun seith þat pigargus is a litel lowe brid. 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) iii. v. 227/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Of hawkes and rauenous foules... Neither haue we the pygargus or gripe. 1678 J. Ray tr. F. Willughby Ornithol. ii. 61 Of the Pygarg or white-tail'd Eagle, called Pygargus, and Albicilla, and by some Hinnularia. It is called Pygargus from the whiteness of its rump or train. 1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 331 The pygargus, the falco..with the tailfeathers white and black at the end. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1382
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