pyrimidinen.

Brit.

/pʌɪˈrɪmᵻdiːn/,

/pᵻˈrɪmᵻdiːn/, U.S.

/pəˈrɪməˌdin/,

/paɪˈrɪməˌdin/,

/paɪˈrɪmədn/

Forms: 1800s– pyrimidin, 1800s– pyrimidine.

Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Pyrimidin.

Etymology: < German Pyrimidin (A. Pinner 1885, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 18 760) < Pyridin pyridine n. with insertion of im- (in Imid imide n.).

Chemistry.

A basic, crystalline, heteroaromatic compound which is a diazine with the nitrogen atoms in the ring separated by one carbon atom; any substituted derivative of this compound, esp. = pyrimidine base n. at Compounds 2. Cf. pyrazine n., pyridazine n.Systematic name: 1,3-diazabenzene, C₄H₄N₂.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > heterocyclic compounds > other heterocyclic compounds

alloxan1839

piperidine1854

valerin1866

acridine1870

piperidia1871

kairoline1883

quinoxaline1884

pyrimidine1885

pyrazolone1887

quinazoline1887

pyrazine1888

acridone1892

phthalazine1893

pyridazine1894

nitron1906

pyrrolizidine1939

1885 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 48 ii. 751 The author substitutes the formula R·C^_^N·C(OH)_{N:CMe_}^_CH for that previously assigned, terming the nucleus pyrimidine.

1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xxxix. 584 Pyrimidine can be obtained from barbituric acid and from methyluracil.

1950 L. E. Hawker Physiol. Fungi iii. 83 Thiochrome, in which the active pyrimidine is combined with an inactive thiazole,..can replace normal thiamin in the metabolism of Phycomyces.

1962 D. J. Brown Pyrimidines iv. 116 Until recently, pyrimidine was an exceedingly rare substance, but several good methods of preparation have now made it readily available in quantity.

1994 Sci. News 28 May 349/2 In cells, each link in the chain readily pairs off with its complement: purines attach to pyrimidines and vice versa.

Compounds

C1. General attributive, as pyrimidine derivative, pyrimidine ring, etc.

ΚΠ

1898 Amer. Chem. Jrnl. 20 481 (title) Researches on the cycloamidines: pyrimidine derivatives.

1954 New Biol. 16 15 Nucleic acids appear to consist of alternate purine and pyrimidine nucleotides arranged in a chain.

1961 Experientia 17 64/1 6-Azacytidine has been found to be an antimetabolite of the pyrimidine components of the nucleic acids.

1995 Chem. in Brit. June 468/2 If we replaced one or more of the benzene rings with a heterocycle, such as a pyridine or pyrimidine ring, the resulting compound should be less lipophilic.

C2.

pyrimidine base n. a base with a structure related to pyrimidine; spec. each of the nucleotide-forming bases cytosine, thymine, and uracil; cf. purine base n. at purine n. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1903 Science 8 May 742/2 Nucleic acid derived from the plant cell differs from that of the animal cell with variation in the characters of the pyrimidin base present in its molecule.

1924 Nature 12 Apr. 524/1 In these bodies [sc. the nucleic acids] a carbohydrate group is associated with a phosphoric acid group and also with a purin or pyrimidin base.

1952 Sci. News 24 43 The DNA isolated from different organs of the same animal species seems to be constant in composition with respect to the relative amounts of purine and pyrimidine bases but differs from samples obtained from other species.

1992 C. A. Smith & E. J. Wood Biosynthesis vii. 139 So-called salvage pathways exist by which the purine and pyrimidine bases..can be rescued from further breakdown and excretion and reincorporated into nucleotides.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pyrimidine
释义	pyrimidinen. Brit. /pʌɪˈrɪmᵻdiːn/, /pᵻˈrɪmᵻdiːn/, U.S. /pəˈrɪməˌdin/, /paɪˈrɪməˌdin/, /paɪˈrɪmədn/ Forms: 1800s– pyrimidin, 1800s– pyrimidine. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymon: German Pyrimidin. Etymology: < German Pyrimidin (A. Pinner 1885, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 18 760) < Pyridin pyridine n. with insertion of im- (in Imid imide n.). Chemistry. A basic, crystalline, heteroaromatic compound which is a diazine with the nitrogen atoms in the ring separated by one carbon atom; any substituted derivative of this compound, esp. = pyrimidine base n. at Compounds 2. Cf. pyrazine n., pyridazine n.Systematic name: 1,3-diazabenzene, C₄H₄N₂. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > heterocyclic compounds > other heterocyclic compounds alloxan1839 piperidine1854 valerin1866 acridine1870 piperidia1871 kairoline1883 quinoxaline1884 pyrimidine1885 pyrazolone1887 quinazoline1887 pyrazine1888 acridone1892 phthalazine1893 pyridazine1894 nitron1906 pyrrolizidine1939 1885 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 48 ii. 751 The author substitutes the formula R·C^_^N·C(OH)_{N:CMe_}^_CH for that previously assigned, terming the nucleus pyrimidine. 1922 J. J. Sudborough Bernthsen's Text-bk. Org. Chem. (new ed.) xxxix. 584 Pyrimidine can be obtained from barbituric acid and from methyluracil. 1950 L. E. Hawker Physiol. Fungi iii. 83 Thiochrome, in which the active pyrimidine is combined with an inactive thiazole,..can replace normal thiamin in the metabolism of Phycomyces. 1962 D. J. Brown Pyrimidines iv. 116 Until recently, pyrimidine was an exceedingly rare substance, but several good methods of preparation have now made it readily available in quantity. 1994 Sci. News 28 May 349/2 In cells, each link in the chain readily pairs off with its complement: purines attach to pyrimidines and vice versa. Compounds C1. General attributive, as pyrimidine derivative, pyrimidine ring, etc. ΚΠ 1898 Amer. Chem. Jrnl. 20 481 (title) Researches on the cycloamidines: pyrimidine derivatives. 1954 New Biol. 16 15 Nucleic acids appear to consist of alternate purine and pyrimidine nucleotides arranged in a chain. 1961 Experientia 17 64/1 6-Azacytidine has been found to be an antimetabolite of the pyrimidine components of the nucleic acids. 1995 Chem. in Brit. June 468/2 If we replaced one or more of the benzene rings with a heterocycle, such as a pyridine or pyrimidine ring, the resulting compound should be less lipophilic. C2. pyrimidine base n. a base with a structure related to pyrimidine; spec. each of the nucleotide-forming bases cytosine, thymine, and uracil; cf. purine base n. at purine n. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1903 Science 8 May 742/2 Nucleic acid derived from the plant cell differs from that of the animal cell with variation in the characters of the pyrimidin base present in its molecule. 1924 Nature 12 Apr. 524/1 In these bodies [sc. the nucleic acids] a carbohydrate group is associated with a phosphoric acid group and also with a purin or pyrimidin base. 1952 Sci. News 24 43 The DNA isolated from different organs of the same animal species seems to be constant in composition with respect to the relative amounts of purine and pyrimidine bases but differs from samples obtained from other species. 1992 C. A. Smith & E. J. Wood Biosynthesis vii. 139 So-called salvage pathways exist by which the purine and pyrimidine bases..can be rescued from further breakdown and excretion and reincorporated into nucleotides. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1885
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