quadrupolen.adj.

Brit.

/ˈkwɒdrᵿpəʊl/, U.S.

/ˈkwɑdrəˌpoʊl/

Forms: 1900s– quadrapole (irregular), 1900s– quadrupole.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; perhaps modelled on a German lexical item, or perhaps modelled on a Dutch lexical item. Etymons: quadru- comb. form, pole n.²

Etymology: < quadru- comb. form + pole n.², after either German Quadrupol (1919 or earlier) or Dutch quadrupool (c1918). Compare Compare later quadripole n., and slightly earlier quadripolar adj. 2.

Physics.

A. n.

1. A multipole (multipole n.) of order 2; esp. a system of four magnetic or electric monopoles with no net pole strength or charge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [noun] > single charge or pole > system of > of specific order

quadrupole1921

quadripole1927

octupole1929

octopole1961

hexadecapole1969

1921 Chem. Abstr. 15 794 The cubes are distorted by the outer electron and thus make an electrical dipole or quadrupole with the nucleus, whose moment depends on the distance of the outer electron.

1922 Proc. Sect. Sci. K. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 23 939 Assuming the molecules to act on each other as electric quadrupoles with constant quadrupole moment..Burgers has calculated the quadrupole moment of the hydrogen molecule.

1967 BioScience 17 99/3 These analyses are concerned with a uniform conducting sphere of surface charges and do not apply to uniform fixed charges, dipoles, or quadrapoles.

2001 P. Chattopadhyay Boiler Operations Questions & Answers (ed. 2) iv. 146/1 High speed jet noise is generated by aerodynamic quadrupoles which consist of two dipoles pulsing in opposing pairs.

2. An arrangement of four magnetic (or electric) poles, of alternate polarity, directed at the same volume of space (used to focus beams of subatomic particles).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > [noun] > device for focusing

focuser1952

quadrupole1954

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle accelerator > [noun] > arrangement for focusing

quadrupole1954

1954 Rev. Sci. Instruments 25 289/2 The introduction of the quadrupoles Q₁ and Q₂ introduces both vertical and horizontal focusing effects for a given energy.

1961 D. Luckey in D. M. Ritson Techniques High Energy Physics ix. 429 A single quadrupole can be used to obtain vertical focusing in a broad-range uniform-field spectrometer.

2002 F. Close et al. Particle Odyssey viii. 148 (caption) The electrons and positrons travelled in opposite directions in the beam pipe through hundreds of brown and white bending magnets (dipoles) and blue focusing magnets (quadrupoles).

B. adj.

Having or involving a quadrupole or quadrupoles; of or relating to a quadrupole. Usually attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [adjective] > relating to specific moments

quadrupole1922

quadripole1927

multipole1929

octopole1932

monopolar1948

sextupole1950

octupole1954

monopole1962

hexadecapole1969

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle accelerator > [adjective] > having specific number of poles

quadripolar1921

quadrupolar1942

quadrupole1955

sextupole1958

1926 Jrnl. Physical Chem. 30 852 The dipole and quadrupole forces between the molecules.

1955 Rev. Sci. Instruments 26 220/1 A second possibility..is to use a succession of electric or magnetic quadrupole lenses.

1970 G. K. Woodgate Elem. Atomic Struct. iii. 50 Pure quadrupole radiation arises when two parts of the charge distribution are oscillating like dipoles out of phase.

1976 McGraw-Hill Yearbk. Sci. & Technol. 387/1 Usually, uniform or quadrupole fields are required over considerable distances along the beam path.

1990 I. R. Kenyon Gen. Relativity (BNC) 124 Because dipole radiation is forbidden by conservation laws, the dominant gravitational waves are quadrupole.

2006 Wall St. Jrnl. 3 Apr. (Central ed.) r4/5 Shoe scanners use something called quadrupole resonance to measure the material inside shoes as the passengers walk over a small bridge-like apparatus.

Compounds

quadrupole moment n. the (electric or magnetic) moment associated with a quadrupole, which is a function of the magnitudes of the constituent poles, the distance between them, and their configuration.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [noun] > multipole moment > of specific order

quadrupole moment1922

octupole moment1954

1922*Quadrupole moment [see sense B.].

1957 Sci. News 43 87 The quadrupole moment..is a measure of the departure of the nucleus from a spherical to an ellipoidal shape.

1990 J. Gribbin & M. Rees Cosmic Coincidences (1991) viii. 203 The amount of radiation a mass can emit, according to Einstein's theory, depends on what is known as its quadrupole moment, a property related to its shape.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	quadrupole
释义	quadrupolen.adj. Brit. /ˈkwɒdrᵿpəʊl/, U.S. /ˈkwɑdrəˌpoʊl/ Forms: 1900s– quadrapole (irregular), 1900s– quadrupole. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; perhaps modelled on a German lexical item, or perhaps modelled on a Dutch lexical item. Etymons: quadru- comb. form, pole n.² Etymology: < quadru- comb. form + pole n.², after either German Quadrupol (1919 or earlier) or Dutch quadrupool (c1918). Compare Compare later quadripole n., and slightly earlier quadripolar adj. 2. Physics. A. n. 1. A multipole (multipole n.) of order 2; esp. a system of four magnetic or electric monopoles with no net pole strength or charge. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [noun] > single charge or pole > system of > of specific order quadrupole1921 quadripole1927 octupole1929 octopole1961 hexadecapole1969 1921 Chem. Abstr. 15 794 The cubes are distorted by the outer electron and thus make an electrical dipole or quadrupole with the nucleus, whose moment depends on the distance of the outer electron. 1922 Proc. Sect. Sci. K. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 23 939 Assuming the molecules to act on each other as electric quadrupoles with constant quadrupole moment..Burgers has calculated the quadrupole moment of the hydrogen molecule. 1967 BioScience 17 99/3 These analyses are concerned with a uniform conducting sphere of surface charges and do not apply to uniform fixed charges, dipoles, or quadrapoles. 2001 P. Chattopadhyay Boiler Operations Questions & Answers (ed. 2) iv. 146/1 High speed jet noise is generated by aerodynamic quadrupoles which consist of two dipoles pulsing in opposing pairs. 2. An arrangement of four magnetic (or electric) poles, of alternate polarity, directed at the same volume of space (used to focus beams of subatomic particles). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > [noun] > device for focusing focuser1952 quadrupole1954 the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle accelerator > [noun] > arrangement for focusing quadrupole1954 1954 Rev. Sci. Instruments 25 289/2 The introduction of the quadrupoles Q₁ and Q₂ introduces both vertical and horizontal focusing effects for a given energy. 1961 D. Luckey in D. M. Ritson Techniques High Energy Physics ix. 429 A single quadrupole can be used to obtain vertical focusing in a broad-range uniform-field spectrometer. 2002 F. Close et al. Particle Odyssey viii. 148 (caption) The electrons and positrons travelled in opposite directions in the beam pipe through hundreds of brown and white bending magnets (dipoles) and blue focusing magnets (quadrupoles). B. adj. Having or involving a quadrupole or quadrupoles; of or relating to a quadrupole. Usually attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [adjective] > relating to specific moments quadrupole1922 quadripole1927 multipole1929 octopole1932 monopolar1948 sextupole1950 octupole1954 monopole1962 hexadecapole1969 the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle accelerator > [adjective] > having specific number of poles quadripolar1921 quadrupolar1942 quadrupole1955 sextupole1958 1922 Proc. Sect. Sci. K. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam 23 939 Assuming the molecules to act on each other as electric quadrupoles with constant quadrupole moment..Burgers has calculated the quadrupole moment of the hydrogen molecule. 1926 Jrnl. Physical Chem. 30 852 The dipole and quadrupole forces between the molecules. 1955 Rev. Sci. Instruments 26 220/1 A second possibility..is to use a succession of electric or magnetic quadrupole lenses. 1970 G. K. Woodgate Elem. Atomic Struct. iii. 50 Pure quadrupole radiation arises when two parts of the charge distribution are oscillating like dipoles out of phase. 1976 McGraw-Hill Yearbk. Sci. & Technol. 387/1 Usually, uniform or quadrupole fields are required over considerable distances along the beam path. 1990 I. R. Kenyon Gen. Relativity (BNC) 124 Because dipole radiation is forbidden by conservation laws, the dominant gravitational waves are quadrupole. 2006 Wall St. Jrnl. 3 Apr. (Central ed.) r4/5 Shoe scanners use something called quadrupole resonance to measure the material inside shoes as the passengers walk over a small bridge-like apparatus. Compounds quadrupole moment n. the (electric or magnetic) moment associated with a quadrupole, which is a function of the magnitudes of the constituent poles, the distance between them, and their configuration. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > quantum theory > quantum mechanics > quantum electrodynamics > [noun] > multipole moment > of specific order quadrupole moment1922 octupole moment1954 1922Quadrupole moment [see sense B.]. 1957 Sci. News* 43 87 The quadrupole moment..is a measure of the departure of the nucleus from a spherical to an ellipoidal shape. 1990 J. Gribbin & M. Rees Cosmic Coincidences (1991) viii. 203 The amount of radiation a mass can emit, according to Einstein's theory, depends on what is known as its quadrupole moment, a property related to its shape. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1921
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