quiescentadj.n.

Brit.

/kwɪˈɛsnt/,

/kwʌɪˈɛsnt/, U.S.

/kwaɪˈɛs(ə)nt/,

/kwiˈɛs(ə)nt/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin quiēscent-, quiēscēns.

Etymology: < classical Latin quiēscent-, quiēscēns, present participle of quiēscere to come to rest, to be quiet (see quiesce v.). Compare French quiescent (1624 in an apparently isolated attestation in a translation of F. Bacon; compare quot. 1605 at sense A. 1a; subsequently from 1789 with reference to Hebrew grammar).With senses A. 2a and B. 1 compare Hebrew nāḥ nistār silent letter.

A. adj.

a. In a state or condition of quietness; motionless; inactive; dormant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > [adjective]

undiscurrent1509

idlec1522

sleepinga1538

silent1583

unactive1599

passive1604

quiescent1605

torpid1613

quieta1616

inactive1641

actionless1645

slumbering1706

slumberous1809

non-acting1838

supine1843

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. f. 54 As Aristotle endeuoureth to prooue.., in all Motion, there is some pointe quiescent .

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 190 The active or moving side..the weaker or more quiescent part.

1710 G. Berkeley Treat. Princ. Human Knowl. §114 A man in a ship may be said to be quiescent with relation to the sides of the vessel.

1753 E. Chambers Cycl. Supp., App. at Force The pressure of the quiescent body against the obstacle that hinders it to move.

1797 T. Holcroft Adventures Hugh Trevor IV. i. 1 I appeared to myself to have sunk into a state of quiescent resignation... The animation, the vigour, of misery was gone.

1812 R. Woodhouse Elem. Treat. Astron. i. 3 The pole, which is the place of a quiescent star.

1852 U.S. Democratic Rev. Oct. 398/2 Everything that could narcotise the soul into quiescent and reverential conservatism, or entwine itself about the affections or superstitions of men.

1874 J. Lubbock Orig. & Metamorphoses Insects iv. 63 The quiescent and death-like condition of the pupa.

1932 E. Bowen To North xiv. 145 His pose of quiescent vitality, leaning forward on his crossed arms, proclaimed the conqueror.

1951 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 28 Oct. 9/1 Now quiescent, the volcano has twice destroyed the village of Cartago.

1995 Sci. News 21 Jan. 42/1 A small, energetic galaxy plowed through the core of a large, quiescent one.

b. Medicine. Of a disease or disease process: inactive. Cf. quiet disease n. at quiet adj. and adv. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1855 Lancet 17 Feb. 194/2 Epithelial cancer..usually commences with a small wart-like growth... It may remain in this quiescent state so long as the patient lives.

1891 Science 7 Aug. 72/1 Cases [of tuberculosis] which run a prolonged course, often with periods when the disease remains quiescent.

1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 14 Mar. 613/2 If the patient did in fact have chronic salmonella osteomyelitis of the femur it could have remained quiescent for as long as five and a half years and then flared up.

1994 K. E. Nye & J. M. Parkin HIV & AIDS iv. 54 As is the case for many infections with HIV, toxoplasmosis is due to a reactivation of previously quiescent disease, and only extremely rarely a result of a new infection.

a. Grammar. Of a letter, diacritic, etc., esp. a consonant: not sounded, silent. Chiefly with reference to certain Semitic languages, esp. Hebrew; opposed to movable. Cf. quiesce v. 2, quiescence n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written character > [adjective] > of letter, not sounded, specifically in Hebrew

quiet1612

quiescent1629

otiant1852

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [adjective] > silent

quiescent1629

quiet1658

1629 A. Top Bk. Prayses (new ed.) ii. xiv. sig. C^v Mark the fower Jehovahs and the fower Elohims, mark the fower eins, for a quiescent Iod.

1634 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie (new ed.) sig. ¶4 ^v The E silent or quiëscent, which yeeldeth noe sound.

1698 W. Cross Taghmical Art ii. 54 Sometime the quiescent letters יוא have been used as vowels in the Bible.

1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 301 Other Letters..are quiescent or silent.

1765 Philos. Trans. 1764 (Royal Soc.) 54 419 Nor is it to be wondered at, that, before the invention of the vowel-points, the quiescent letters should have sometimes been suppressed.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. iv. 160 The Irish Raths have the same origin, the [th] being quiescent.

1837 G. Phillips Elem. Syriac Gram. 33 In the plural Yud quiescent is changed into Yud moveable.

1890 Hebraica 6 99 In those cases where this letter [sc. aleph] is now quiescent it was originally pronounced.

1914 Amer. Jrnl. Semitic Langs. & Lit. 31 8 The very existence of the final form..with a quiescent ה is fatal to the foregoing explanation of the daghesh.

1995 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 115 727/2 The transliteration of quiescent schwa, while iconic, is nontheless misleading.

†b. Of a person: silent, not speaking. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1784 II. 493 Johnson was very quiescent to-day.

3. Electronics. Corresponding to or characterized by the absence of an input to a device ready to receive one.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > processes > [adjective] > concerning input or output > showing absence of input

quiescent1923

1923 E. W. Marchant Radio Telegr. vi. 84 Attempts have been made to arrange the transmitter in such a way that the speech-current will act as a switch for starting up the continuous waves at the transmitting end. This arrangement of circuit has been called the ‘Quiescent aerial’ system.

1952 E. Armitage Wireless Fund. ix. 167 The advantage of Class B amplification is that the steady anode current flowing through the circuit when the valve is quiescent is very much smaller than under Class A conditions.

1965 Wireless World July 325/2 This imposes a problem on the restricted signal handling capacity of Tr1 due to its very low quiescent current.

1992 RS Components: Electronic & Electr. Products July–Oct. 881/3 The CMOS [= complementary metal-oxide semiconductor] construction of the device provides low quiescent current and high efficiency.

B. n.

1. Grammar. A quiescent letter.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > silent letter

quiescent1629

society > communication > writing > written character > [noun] > letter > not sounded, specifically in Hebrew grammar

quiescent1629

1629 A. Top Bk. Prayses (new ed.) ii. xxi. sig. D2 The constancey of the Letters of Jehova or Ehevi the letters of the quiescents, is great delight and ornament to vowels that call on them.

1705 ‘P. Levi’ Hebrew Gram. 10 א is a letter, which plac'd before the Radix, stands for the first person, and in the end of a word stands for a quiescent to fill up the word.

1763 S. Sewall Hebrew Gram. i. 4 The Quiescents are so called from their being sometimes not pronounced.

1831 S. Lee Gram. Hebrew Lang. (1832) 36 The..letters, considered either as consonants or quiescents, will occasionally be changed for one another.

1874 A. B. Davidson Introd. Hebrew Gram. 69 A weak verb is a verb which has one or more of its three stem letters a weak letter. The weak letters are the gutturals, the quiescents, and nun.

1911 Harvard Theol. Rev. 4 140 The quiescents being rarely expressed in these ostraca, the pronunciation must in many cases be considered as tentative only.

1991 Vetus Testamentum 41 378 D. Sivan summarizes Judah Hayyuj's treatment of ‘quiescents’ (i.e. weak consonants) in light of his belief that ‘the Hebrew root system was actually tri-consonantal’.

†2. = quiescent verb n. at Compounds. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > other specific types of verb

vocative verbc1414

activec1450

passivec1450

substantive verba1475

neuter1530

gesture1612

nominal1666

quiescent1720

reduplicative1756

dative verb1844

factitive1845

preterite-present1859

compound verb1863

pro-verb1868

preterito-presentia1870

preteritive present1872

action verb1877

verbid1914

inversive1931

eventive1946

hypothetical1957

non-factive1970

commonization1973

contrafactive1985

1720 J. Henley Compl. Linguist No. vi. Pref. p. xxxi Some Verbals are naked.., some encreas'd by the addition of the Heemantic Letters..; they arise from all the Conjugations.., &c. from the Defectives, and the Quiescents respectively.

1799 G. Fitz-Gerald Hebrew Gram. xiv. 121 Quiescent Verbs are such as have among their Radicals one or more of the quiescent letters... There are four kinds of them. 1. Such as have their first radical a..yod..: These are called Quiescents in Pe Jod.

1827 S. Lee Gram. Hebrew Lang. xii. 234 We do not think it necessary here to divide these verbs into Defectives and Quiescents, as is usually the case.

Compounds

† quiescent reason n. Logic Obsolete rare the paradox of the sorites (see sorites n. 1a).

ΚΠ

1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. viii. 57 Sorites,..is called also ἡσυχάζων λογὸς, the quiescent reason, because the way to withstand it is by stopping, and withholding the assent.

quiescent verb n. Grammar (now rare) a verb in which a quiescent letter occurs as a radical letter (radical letter n. (b) at radical adj. and n. Compounds 2).

ΚΠ

1785 D. Levi Lingua Sacra I. ii. xii. 313 The others have the three radical the same as the perfect verbs: consequently, are not subject to the pointing of the defective or quiescent verb, but are conformable to those of the perfect ones.

1853 J. R. Wolf Pract. Hebrew Gram. 111 Quiescent verbs are those in which one of the feeble letters אהוי occurs as a radical letter.

1906 A. Szold tr. M. Liber Rashi ii. vi. 127 He maintains that contracted and quiescent verbs are triliteral and not biliteral.

1963 Jewish Q. Rev. 54 75 They considered the quiescent verb as a biliteral stem, Rashi recognized its being triliteral, as view which has since become accepted.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	quiescent
释义	quiescentadj.n. Brit. /kwɪˈɛsnt/, /kwʌɪˈɛsnt/, U.S. /kwaɪˈɛs(ə)nt/, /kwiˈɛs(ə)nt/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin quiēscent-, quiēscēns. Etymology: < classical Latin quiēscent-, quiēscēns, present participle of quiēscere to come to rest, to be quiet (see quiesce v.). Compare French quiescent (1624 in an apparently isolated attestation in a translation of F. Bacon; compare quot. 1605 at sense A. 1a; subsequently from 1789 with reference to Hebrew grammar).With senses A. 2a and B. 1 compare Hebrew nāḥ nistār silent letter. A. adj. 1. a. In a state or condition of quietness; motionless; inactive; dormant. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > [adjective] undiscurrent1509 idlec1522 sleepinga1538 silent1583 unactive1599 passive1604 quiescent1605 torpid1613 quieta1616 inactive1641 actionless1645 slumbering1706 slumberous1809 non-acting1838 supine1843 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. f. 54 As Aristotle endeuoureth to prooue.., in all Motion, there is some pointe quiescent . View more context for this quotation 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 190 The active or moving side..the weaker or more quiescent part. View more context for this quotation 1710 G. Berkeley Treat. Princ. Human Knowl. §114 A man in a ship may be said to be quiescent with relation to the sides of the vessel. 1753 E. Chambers Cycl. Supp., App. at Force The pressure of the quiescent body against the obstacle that hinders it to move. 1797 T. Holcroft Adventures Hugh Trevor IV. i. 1 I appeared to myself to have sunk into a state of quiescent resignation... The animation, the vigour, of misery was gone. 1812 R. Woodhouse Elem. Treat. Astron. i. 3 The pole, which is the place of a quiescent star. 1852 U.S. Democratic Rev. Oct. 398/2 Everything that could narcotise the soul into quiescent and reverential conservatism, or entwine itself about the affections or superstitions of men. 1874 J. Lubbock Orig. & Metamorphoses Insects iv. 63 The quiescent and death-like condition of the pupa. 1932 E. Bowen To North xiv. 145 His pose of quiescent vitality, leaning forward on his crossed arms, proclaimed the conqueror. 1951 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) 28 Oct. 9/1 Now quiescent, the volcano has twice destroyed the village of Cartago. 1995 Sci. News 21 Jan. 42/1 A small, energetic galaxy plowed through the core of a large, quiescent one. b. Medicine. Of a disease or disease process: inactive. Cf. quiet disease n. at quiet adj. and adv. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1855 Lancet 17 Feb. 194/2 Epithelial cancer..usually commences with a small wart-like growth... It may remain in this quiescent state so long as the patient lives. 1891 Science 7 Aug. 72/1 Cases [of tuberculosis] which run a prolonged course, often with periods when the disease remains quiescent. 1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 14 Mar. 613/2 If the patient did in fact have chronic salmonella osteomyelitis of the femur it could have remained quiescent for as long as five and a half years and then flared up. 1994 K. E. Nye & J. M. Parkin HIV & AIDS iv. 54 As is the case for many infections with HIV, toxoplasmosis is due to a reactivation of previously quiescent disease, and only extremely rarely a result of a new infection. 2. a. Grammar. Of a letter, diacritic, etc., esp. a consonant: not sounded, silent. Chiefly with reference to certain Semitic languages, esp. Hebrew; opposed to movable. Cf. quiesce v. 2, quiescence n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written character > [adjective] > of letter, not sounded, specifically in Hebrew quiet1612 quiescent1629 otiant1852 the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [adjective] > silent quiescent1629 quiet1658 1629 A. Top Bk. Prayses (new ed.) ii. xiv. sig. C^v Mark the fower Jehovahs and the fower Elohims, mark the fower eins, for a quiescent Iod. 1634 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie (new ed.) sig. ¶4 ^v The E silent or quiëscent, which yeeldeth noe sound. 1698 W. Cross Taghmical Art ii. 54 Sometime the quiescent letters יוא have been used as vowels in the Bible. 1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 301 Other Letters..are quiescent or silent. 1765 Philos. Trans. 1764 (Royal Soc.) 54 419 Nor is it to be wondered at, that, before the invention of the vowel-points, the quiescent letters should have sometimes been suppressed. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. i. iv. 160 The Irish Raths have the same origin, the [th] being quiescent. 1837 G. Phillips Elem. Syriac Gram. 33 In the plural Yud quiescent is changed into Yud moveable. 1890 Hebraica 6 99 In those cases where this letter [sc. aleph] is now quiescent it was originally pronounced. 1914 Amer. Jrnl. Semitic Langs. & Lit. 31 8 The very existence of the final form..with a quiescent ה is fatal to the foregoing explanation of the daghesh. 1995 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 115 727/2 The transliteration of quiescent schwa, while iconic, is nontheless misleading. †b. Of a person: silent, not speaking. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1784 II. 493 Johnson was very quiescent to-day. 3. Electronics. Corresponding to or characterized by the absence of an input to a device ready to receive one. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electronics > electronic phenomena > processes > [adjective] > concerning input or output > showing absence of input quiescent1923 1923 E. W. Marchant Radio Telegr. vi. 84 Attempts have been made to arrange the transmitter in such a way that the speech-current will act as a switch for starting up the continuous waves at the transmitting end. This arrangement of circuit has been called the ‘Quiescent aerial’ system. 1952 E. Armitage Wireless Fund. ix. 167 The advantage of Class B amplification is that the steady anode current flowing through the circuit when the valve is quiescent is very much smaller than under Class A conditions. 1965 Wireless World July 325/2 This imposes a problem on the restricted signal handling capacity of Tr1 due to its very low quiescent current. 1992 RS Components: Electronic & Electr. Products July–Oct. 881/3 The CMOS [= complementary metal-oxide semiconductor] construction of the device provides low quiescent current and high efficiency. B. n. 1. Grammar. A quiescent letter. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun] > silent letter quiescent1629 society > communication > writing > written character > [noun] > letter > not sounded, specifically in Hebrew grammar quiescent1629 1629 A. Top Bk. Prayses (new ed.) ii. xxi. sig. D2 The constancey of the Letters of Jehova or Ehevi the letters of the quiescents, is great delight and ornament to vowels that call on them. 1705 ‘P. Levi’ Hebrew Gram. 10 א is a letter, which plac'd before the Radix, stands for the first person, and in the end of a word stands for a quiescent to fill up the word. 1763 S. Sewall Hebrew Gram. i. 4 The Quiescents are so called from their being sometimes not pronounced. 1831 S. Lee Gram. Hebrew Lang. (1832) 36 The..letters, considered either as consonants or quiescents, will occasionally be changed for one another. 1874 A. B. Davidson Introd. Hebrew Gram. 69 A weak verb is a verb which has one or more of its three stem letters a weak letter. The weak letters are the gutturals, the quiescents, and nun. 1911 Harvard Theol. Rev. 4 140 The quiescents being rarely expressed in these ostraca, the pronunciation must in many cases be considered as tentative only. 1991 Vetus Testamentum 41 378 D. Sivan summarizes Judah Hayyuj's treatment of ‘quiescents’ (i.e. weak consonants) in light of his belief that ‘the Hebrew root system was actually tri-consonantal’. †2. = quiescent verb n. at Compounds. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > other specific types of verb vocative verbc1414 activec1450 passivec1450 substantive verba1475 neuter1530 gesture1612 nominal1666 quiescent1720 reduplicative1756 dative verb1844 factitive1845 preterite-present1859 compound verb1863 pro-verb1868 preterito-presentia1870 preteritive present1872 action verb1877 verbid1914 inversive1931 eventive1946 hypothetical1957 non-factive1970 commonization1973 contrafactive1985 1720 J. Henley Compl. Linguist No. vi. Pref. p. xxxi Some Verbals are naked.., some encreas'd by the addition of the Heemantic Letters..; they arise from all the Conjugations.., &c. from the Defectives, and the Quiescents respectively. 1799 G. Fitz-Gerald Hebrew Gram. xiv. 121 Quiescent Verbs are such as have among their Radicals one or more of the quiescent letters... There are four kinds of them. 1. Such as have their first radical a..yod..: These are called Quiescents in Pe Jod. 1827 S. Lee Gram. Hebrew Lang. xii. 234 We do not think it necessary here to divide these verbs into Defectives and Quiescents, as is usually the case. Compounds † quiescent reason n. Logic Obsolete rare the paradox of the sorites (see sorites n. 1a). ΚΠ 1656 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. II. viii. 57 Sorites,..is called also ἡσυχάζων λογὸς, the quiescent reason, because the way to withstand it is by stopping, and withholding the assent. quiescent verb n. Grammar (now rare) a verb in which a quiescent letter occurs as a radical letter (radical letter n. (b) at radical adj. and n. Compounds 2). ΚΠ 1785 D. Levi Lingua Sacra I. ii. xii. 313 The others have the three radical the same as the perfect verbs: consequently, are not subject to the pointing of the defective or quiescent verb, but are conformable to those of the perfect ones. 1853 J. R. Wolf Pract. Hebrew Gram. 111 Quiescent verbs are those in which one of the feeble letters אהוי occurs as a radical letter. 1906 A. Szold tr. M. Liber Rashi ii. vi. 127 He maintains that contracted and quiescent verbs are triliteral and not biliteral. 1963 Jewish Q. Rev. 54 75 They considered the quiescent verb as a biliteral stem, Rashi recognized its being triliteral, as view which has since become accepted. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1605
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