quinaryn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈkwʌɪn(ə)ri/, U.S.

/ˈkwaɪˌnɛri/

Forms: 1500s–1600s quinarie, 1500s– quinary.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin quīnārius.

Etymology: < classical Latin quīnārius (adjective) containing five each, (noun) Roman silver coin worth five asses (see quinarius n.), in post-classical Latin also the number five (6th cent.; from 12th cent. in British sources) < quīnī five each, five at a time, set of five, five ( < the stem of quīnque five (see quinque- comb. form) + -nī , suffix forming distributive numerals) + -ārius -ary suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French quinaire (adjective) divisible by five (1546 in nombre quinaire ), (of a line of verse) consisting of five syllables or feet (1904 or earlier), (noun) small Roman coin worth five asses (1562 in the passage translated in quot. 1601 at quinare n.; in later use also denoting similarly sized Roman coins made of gold, silver, or bronze (1711 or earlier); this sense is not attested in Latin, and appears to have been introduced by 18th-cent. archaeologists), the number five (1568 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense A. 1). Compare also Portuguese quinário (15th cent. as adjective, also as noun), Italian quinario (early 14th cent. or earlier in sense ‘number divisible by five’, 1835 denoting a line of verse consisting of five syllables or feet). Compare earlier ternary n., ternary adj., quaternary n., and slightly later quaternary adj.

A. n.

1. A group of five; a compound entity having five component parts; a number divisible by five; †the number five (obsolete). In later use esp.: a line of verse of five syllables or feet.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [noun] > group of five

quinary1598

pentarchy1607

quintetto1773

quintuple1785

quintuplet1795

quintet1833

quince1907

quintuplicatea1940

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [noun] > combination of five parts

quinary1889

pentalogy1899

1598 I. D. tr. L. Le Roy Aristotles Politiques v. 336 (note) The Septenary or number of seuen, is made of foure and three... And the septenary ioined to a quinary maketh twelue [Fr. le septenaire conioinct au quinaire fait 12].

1651 J. F. tr. H. C. Agrippa Three Bks. Occult Philos. iii. xvi. 391 Angels, who might rule the signs, triplicities, decans, quinaries, degrees and stars.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 625 The Juniour Platonists..did..no longer acknowledge a Trinity, but either a Quaternity or a Quinary, or more of Divine Hypostases.

1721 G. Hooper Inq. State Anc. Meas. iv. iv. 259 By the means of two single Shekels more, all the four intermediate weights might be obtained; either adding them to the next lower Quinary, or subtracting them from the superior.

1727 R. Roach Imperial Standard Messiah Triumphant iii. 226 This Manifestation..of the Spirit of the Soul in Light, is made in the blessed Quinary, or the holy fifth Number of Christ Jesus.

1889 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 740 Quaternaries,..quinaries, sextaries, etc., according as the number of the constituent elements increases.

1930 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 52 273 (heading) Complete enumeration for four special quinaries.

1960 Jewish Q. Rev. 50 243 Luzzatto adopts this metric scheme of free stanzas using hendecasyllables, septenaries, and sometimes quinaries.

1980 MLN 95 22 The two hemistichs of which the first is a septenary and the second a senary, rather than a quinary.

†2. = quinarius n. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > classical coins > [noun] > ancient Roman

pennyOE

quadrant1533

as1541

sesterce1541

sestertius1567

dupondius1601

quinare1601

quinarius1601

sextant1601

triens1601

trient1601

assarion1625

quadrans1654

quinary1728

nummus1771

follis1784

uncia1834

minimus1852

semis1853

siliqua1889

minim1896

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Quinarius The gold Quinary is the half of a gold Medal as to Weight and Value.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Quinarius The Quinaries were of a finer and more finish'd Coin than the other Medals.

3. Something of the fifth order or rank; (Grammar) (O. Jespersen's word for) a word or phrase of the fifth order or rank.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [noun] > that which is fifth

fifthOE

quinary1937

1937 O. Jespersen Analyt. Syntax 121 The possibility of having quaternaries, quinaries, and so forth.

1946 O. Jespersen Mod. Eng. Gram. V. i. 3 In other combinations we may have quaternaries or quinaries, e.g. a not (5) particularly (4) well (3) constructed (2) plot (1).

1986 J. A. Moore Charophytes Great Brit. & Ireland 101 Rays: primary ray ⅓–½ of total branchlet length, secondaries 5–7,..tertiaries 3–6,..quaternaries 3–4, of which 1 may divide into 3–4 quinaries.

B. adj.

1. Connected or associated with the number five; consisting of five parts or components; divisible by five.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [adjective]

fivec1000

quinary1603

quinquenary1690

quint1880

quintary1942

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1342 Plato hath reduced the number of five worldes to the five primitive figures of regular bodies, saying, that God in ordaining and describing the whole world used the Quinarie construction [Fr. la cinquieme composition].

1628 W. Lathum tr. J. L. Vives in Virgil Eclogues viii. 158 The learned Catholicks have redeemed the credit of this quinary number in their legends,..As by those five words of our Lady to the Angel.

1788 T. Taylor Diss. Platonic Doctr. Ideas in tr. Proclus Philos. & Math. Comm. I. p. xcvi The quinary, and septenary numbers are especially attributed to the soul.

1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. I. 115 Designating the successive numbers..by means of names, framed according to the decimal, quinary or vigenary scale.

1841 E. Forbes Hist. Brit. Starfishes Introd. p. xvi The skeletons of the digestive, the aquiferous, and the tegumentary systems, equally present the quinary arrangement.

1862 T. Moore Field Botanist's Compan. 22 Flowers usually quinary—the parts in fives, or quaternary—the parts in fours.

1923 A. C. D. Rivett Phase Rule i. 25 For systems of one, two, three, four, five (and so on) components, one uses the terms unary, binary, ternary, quaternary, quinary (and so on), respectively.

1946 O. Cesareo in Bell Lab. Rec. 24 457/2 In bi-quinary notation, a digit is always represented by two numbers: a quinary part consisting of one of the digits 0 to 4 inclusive, and a binary part consisting of either 0 or 5.

1999 Jrnl. Interdisciplinary Hist. 30 76 Through 1921, the Indian census had followed the English model of converting the raw returns into thirteen quinary groups from age five to age sixty-nine.

2. Zoology. Designating or relating to a former system of classification in which the animal kingdom was divided into five subkingdoms, each subkingdom into five classes, each class into five orders, and so on, each set of five being arranged in a circle whose members were regarded as being most closely related to their immediate neighbours. Chiefly in quinary system. Now historical.The system was introduced by the entomologist W. S. MacLeay in his Horæ Entomologicæ (1819), and though controversial, it was popular in Britain, especially as a result of its promotion by William Swainson, until the mid 1840s.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > zoology > [noun] > specific theories or systems

automatism1793

quinary system1826

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvii. 399 Though Mr. MacLeay regards this quinary arrangement of natural objects as very general, it does not appear that he looks upon it as absolutely universal.

1832 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 404 We..have not said a word respecting the doctrine of types, affinities, analogies, progress, development, or quinary circles.

1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 810/1 On the Continent the Quinary System has never found favour, and it has now few if any followers in this country.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XX. 308/1 Its promoters did not hesitate to term it the discovery of ‘the Natural System’, though they condescended, by way of explanation to less exalted intellects than their own, to allow it the more moderate appellation of the Circular or Quinary System.

1992 P. J. Bowler Fontana Hist. Environmental Sci. (BNC) 264 Although the quinary system was not widely taken up, especially outside Britain, it was not dismissed out of hand as a figment of MacLeay's and Swainson's imaginations.

3. Of or belonging to the fifth order or rank. Cf. quaternary adj. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [adjective] > fifth

fifthOE

five?1550

quinary1924

1924 O. Jespersen Philos. Gram. vii. 96 A tertiary word may be further defined by a (quaternary) word, and this again by a (quinary) word.

1953 Papers & Proc. 65th Ann. Meeting Amer. Econ. Assoc. (Amer. Econ. Rev. Vol. 43 No. 2) 365 Quinary industries..are not once more a residual category. These industries comprise medical care, education, research, and recreation.

1975 Contemp. Sociol. 4 184 They look briefly at how quinary services are distributed.

1986 Amer. Artist Aug. 84/1 She discusses other mixtures, including those of the secondary through quinary colors.

2004 Business Rev. Weekly (Nexis) 9 Sept. 34 The quinary sector, comprising hospitality, health, recreation and personal services, generates 10 per cent.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	quinary
释义	quinaryn.adj. Brit. /ˈkwʌɪn(ə)ri/, U.S. /ˈkwaɪˌnɛri/ Forms: 1500s–1600s quinarie, 1500s– quinary. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin quīnārius. Etymology: < classical Latin quīnārius (adjective) containing five each, (noun) Roman silver coin worth five asses (see quinarius n.), in post-classical Latin also the number five (6th cent.; from 12th cent. in British sources) < quīnī five each, five at a time, set of five, five ( < the stem of quīnque five (see quinque- comb. form) + -nī , suffix forming distributive numerals) + -ārius -ary suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French quinaire (adjective) divisible by five (1546 in nombre quinaire ), (of a line of verse) consisting of five syllables or feet (1904 or earlier), (noun) small Roman coin worth five asses (1562 in the passage translated in quot. 1601 at quinare n.; in later use also denoting similarly sized Roman coins made of gold, silver, or bronze (1711 or earlier); this sense is not attested in Latin, and appears to have been introduced by 18th-cent. archaeologists), the number five (1568 in the passage translated in quot. 1598 at sense A. 1). Compare also Portuguese quinário (15th cent. as adjective, also as noun), Italian quinario (early 14th cent. or earlier in sense ‘number divisible by five’, 1835 denoting a line of verse consisting of five syllables or feet). Compare earlier ternary n., ternary adj., quaternary n., and slightly later quaternary adj. A. n. 1. A group of five; a compound entity having five component parts; a number divisible by five; †the number five (obsolete). In later use esp.: a line of verse of five syllables or feet. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [noun] > group of five quinary1598 pentarchy1607 quintetto1773 quintuple1785 quintuplet1795 quintet1833 quince1907 quintuplicatea1940 the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [noun] > combination of five parts quinary1889 pentalogy1899 1598 I. D. tr. L. Le Roy Aristotles Politiques v. 336 (note) The Septenary or number of seuen, is made of foure and three... And the septenary ioined to a quinary maketh twelue [Fr. le septenaire conioinct au quinaire fait 12]. 1651 J. F. tr. H. C. Agrippa Three Bks. Occult Philos. iii. xvi. 391 Angels, who might rule the signs, triplicities, decans, quinaries, degrees and stars. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 625 The Juniour Platonists..did..no longer acknowledge a Trinity, but either a Quaternity or a Quinary, or more of Divine Hypostases. 1721 G. Hooper Inq. State Anc. Meas. iv. iv. 259 By the means of two single Shekels more, all the four intermediate weights might be obtained; either adding them to the next lower Quinary, or subtracting them from the superior. 1727 R. Roach Imperial Standard Messiah Triumphant iii. 226 This Manifestation..of the Spirit of the Soul in Light, is made in the blessed Quinary, or the holy fifth Number of Christ Jesus. 1889 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 740 Quaternaries,..quinaries, sextaries, etc., according as the number of the constituent elements increases. 1930 Amer. Jrnl. Math. 52 273 (heading) Complete enumeration for four special quinaries. 1960 Jewish Q. Rev. 50 243 Luzzatto adopts this metric scheme of free stanzas using hendecasyllables, septenaries, and sometimes quinaries. 1980 MLN 95 22 The two hemistichs of which the first is a septenary and the second a senary, rather than a quinary. †2. = quinarius n. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > classical coins > [noun] > ancient Roman pennyOE quadrant1533 as1541 sesterce1541 sestertius1567 dupondius1601 quinare1601 quinarius1601 sextant1601 triens1601 trient1601 assarion1625 quadrans1654 quinary1728 nummus1771 follis1784 uncia1834 minimus1852 semis1853 siliqua1889 minim1896 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Quinarius The gold Quinary is the half of a gold Medal as to Weight and Value. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Quinarius The Quinaries were of a finer and more finish'd Coin than the other Medals. 3. Something of the fifth order or rank; (Grammar) (O. Jespersen's word for) a word or phrase of the fifth order or rank. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [noun] > that which is fifth fifthOE quinary1937 1937 O. Jespersen Analyt. Syntax 121 The possibility of having quaternaries, quinaries, and so forth. 1946 O. Jespersen Mod. Eng. Gram. V. i. 3 In other combinations we may have quaternaries or quinaries, e.g. a not (5) particularly (4) well (3) constructed (2) plot (1). 1986 J. A. Moore Charophytes Great Brit. & Ireland 101 Rays: primary ray ⅓–½ of total branchlet length, secondaries 5–7,..tertiaries 3–6,..quaternaries 3–4, of which 1 may divide into 3–4 quinaries. B. adj. 1. Connected or associated with the number five; consisting of five parts or components; divisible by five. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [adjective] fivec1000 quinary1603 quinquenary1690 quint1880 quintary1942 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1342 Plato hath reduced the number of five worldes to the five primitive figures of regular bodies, saying, that God in ordaining and describing the whole world used the Quinarie construction [Fr. la cinquieme composition]. 1628 W. Lathum tr. J. L. Vives in Virgil Eclogues viii. 158 The learned Catholicks have redeemed the credit of this quinary number in their legends,..As by those five words of our Lady to the Angel. 1788 T. Taylor Diss. Platonic Doctr. Ideas in tr. Proclus Philos. & Math. Comm. I. p. xcvi The quinary, and septenary numbers are especially attributed to the soul. 1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. I. 115 Designating the successive numbers..by means of names, framed according to the decimal, quinary or vigenary scale. 1841 E. Forbes Hist. Brit. Starfishes Introd. p. xvi The skeletons of the digestive, the aquiferous, and the tegumentary systems, equally present the quinary arrangement. 1862 T. Moore Field Botanist's Compan. 22 Flowers usually quinary—the parts in fives, or quaternary—the parts in fours. 1923 A. C. D. Rivett Phase Rule i. 25 For systems of one, two, three, four, five (and so on) components, one uses the terms unary, binary, ternary, quaternary, quinary (and so on), respectively. 1946 O. Cesareo in Bell Lab. Rec. 24 457/2 In bi-quinary notation, a digit is always represented by two numbers: a quinary part consisting of one of the digits 0 to 4 inclusive, and a binary part consisting of either 0 or 5. 1999 Jrnl. Interdisciplinary Hist. 30 76 Through 1921, the Indian census had followed the English model of converting the raw returns into thirteen quinary groups from age five to age sixty-nine. 2. Zoology. Designating or relating to a former system of classification in which the animal kingdom was divided into five subkingdoms, each subkingdom into five classes, each class into five orders, and so on, each set of five being arranged in a circle whose members were regarded as being most closely related to their immediate neighbours. Chiefly in quinary system. Now historical.The system was introduced by the entomologist W. S. MacLeay in his Horæ Entomologicæ (1819), and though controversial, it was popular in Britain, especially as a result of its promotion by William Swainson, until the mid 1840s. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > zoology > [noun] > specific theories or systems automatism1793 quinary system1826 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlvii. 399 Though Mr. MacLeay regards this quinary arrangement of natural objects as very general, it does not appear that he looks upon it as absolutely universal. 1832 N. Amer. Rev. Apr. 404 We..have not said a word respecting the doctrine of types, affinities, analogies, progress, development, or quinary circles. 1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 810/1 On the Continent the Quinary System has never found favour, and it has now few if any followers in this country. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XX. 308/1 Its promoters did not hesitate to term it the discovery of ‘the Natural System’, though they condescended, by way of explanation to less exalted intellects than their own, to allow it the more moderate appellation of the Circular or Quinary System. 1992 P. J. Bowler Fontana Hist. Environmental Sci. (BNC) 264 Although the quinary system was not widely taken up, especially outside Britain, it was not dismissed out of hand as a figment of MacLeay's and Swainson's imaginations. 3. Of or belonging to the fifth order or rank. Cf. quaternary adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > five > [adjective] > fifth fifthOE five?1550 quinary1924 1924 O. Jespersen Philos. Gram. vii. 96 A tertiary word may be further defined by a (quaternary) word, and this again by a (quinary) word. 1953 Papers & Proc. 65th Ann. Meeting Amer. Econ. Assoc. (Amer. Econ. Rev. Vol. 43 No. 2) 365 Quinary industries..are not once more a residual category. These industries comprise medical care, education, research, and recreation. 1975 Contemp. Sociol. 4 184 They look briefly at how quinary services are distributed. 1986 Amer. Artist Aug. 84/1 She discusses other mixtures, including those of the secondary through quinary colors. 2004 Business Rev. Weekly (Nexis) 9 Sept. 34 The quinary sector, comprising hospitality, health, recreation and personal services, generates 10 per cent. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1598
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