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单词 ragout
释义

ragoutn.1

Brit. /ˈraɡuː/, /raˈɡuː/, U.S. /ræˈɡu/
Forms:

α. 1600s– ragout, 1700s–1800s ragoût.

β. 1600s ragoue, 1600s–1700s ragoe, 1600s–1800s ragou, 1600s– ragoo, 1900s– ragu, 1900s– ragù; also Scottish pre-1700 ragow.

γ. 1600s ragust, 1600s–1700s ragoust.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French ragoût, ragoust.
Etymology: < French ragoût, †ragoust appetizing dressing, relish (1623), dish, usually of meat, with a spicy sauce (1647 in the passage translated in quot. 1652 at sense 1aα. ) < ragoûter , †ragouster to have a taste of, to incite the appetite (14th cent. in Middle French) < re re- prefix + à to ( < classical Latin ad- ad- prefix) + goût goût n.3In form ragù after Italian ragù stew (1669), spicy pasta sauce (1750; < French).
1.
a. A highly seasoned dish, usually consisting of meat cut into small pieces and stewed with vegetables.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > meat dishes > [noun] > stewed meat
stewpot1542
estew1566
fricassee1568
ragout1652
pepperpot1698
grenade1706
haricot1706
pupton1706
lobscouse1707
stew1756
puchero1802
granada1806
bredie1815
muddle1833
scouse1840
slum1847
hashmagandy1851
ropa vieja1855
chilli con carne1857
sorpotel1863
goulash1866
daube1877
paprikash1877
chilli1886
pot-pie1890
slumgullion1902
cholent1903
cracker-hash1904
cracker-stew1909
gippo1914
waterzooi1915
Fanny Adams1921
adobo1938
cassoulet1940
feijoada1941
coddle1942
stifado1950
rancho1957
tinga1964
α.
1652 J. Paulet tr. P. Le Moyne Gallery Heroick Women sig. Yy2 And shall we likewise believe..that voluntary and inveterate Wounds will be cured with Ragouts and Perfumes [Fr. des ragousts & des parfums]?
1656–7 W. Davenant First Days Entertainm. Rutland-House in Wks. (1673) 357 Your Pottages, Carbonnades, Grillades, Ragouts,..and Entremets.
1698 J. Crull Antient & Present State Muscovy I. 34 That Ragout which the Italians call Cavayar.
1723 Briton No. iii Rich wines and high-season'd Ragouts supply the place of Vegetables and meer Element.
1787 P. H. Maty tr. J. K. Riesbeck Trav. Germany II. xxxiv. 76 They made me almost sick only with the sight of their pasties, tarts, ragouts, &c.
1859 F. C. L. Wraxall tr. J. E. Robert-Houdin Mem. xxi. 310 A rich soup, roast fowls, various ragoûts which I cannot describe.
1925 P. G. Wodehouse Carry on, Jeeves ix. 212 A most amazing Johnnie who dishes a wicked ragoût.
1952 S. Plath Jrnl. 19 Aug. (2000) 131 She likes to cook—stews & ragouts especially.
2000 J. Cummings World Food: Thailand 49 A soupy, salty, sweet-and-sour ragout that most westerners would never identify with the word ‘curry’.
β. 1652 J. Paulet tr. P. Le Moyne Gallery Heroick Women 81 But this Judgement, to speak properly, is a Judgement of frantick men, who had rather dye with Ragous, then to be cured with Rhubarb.1676 H. Oldenburg tr. F. Bernier Hist. Late Revolution Empire Great Mogol II. 11 There was a certain Ragou which I thought passable: And I was obliged to express a liking of so exquisite a Dish.a1687 Duke of Buckingham Timon in Wks. (1705) I. 57 As for French Kick-shaws, Cellery, and champain, Ragous and Fricasses, introth we'ave none.1735 J. Swift Panegyrick on D— in Wks. II. 291 She sent her Priests in Wooden Shoes From haughty Gaul to make Ragous.1789 Glasse's Art of Cookery (new ed.) ii. 40 Put the collops into the ragoo.1806 J. Simpson Compl. Syst. Cookery 715/4 Ragoo Melé.1885 A. Dobson At Sign of Lyre 123 He classed your Kickshaws and Ragoos With Popery and Wooden Shoes.1918 Indianapolis Star 13 Mar. 16/8 Ragoo of spring lamb, garden vegetables en casserole.1979 P. O'Brian Fortune of War ii. 57 Yorke gave us a capital dinner, with roast buffalo, a pair of ducks, a ragoo and a roly-poly pudding.2005 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 3 Dec. (Books section) 1 The complex French ragoos, hashes and bisques.γ. 1653 I. D. G. tr. F. P. de la Varenne French Cook Gloss. Ragoust. It is any sauce, or meat prepared with a haut goust, or quicke or sharp taste.1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. i. 43 Season her, as French Cooks use, Their Haut-gusts, Buollies, or Ragusts.1673 tr. E. de Refuge Art of Complaisance 59 Producing..the same effect which salt does in a ragoust.1710 Tatler No. 258. ⁋1 To toss up the Fragments of a Feast into a Ragoust.1729 J. Swift Modest Proposal 6 It will equally serve in a Fricasie, or a Ragoust.
b. figurative and in extended use. A varied or piquant mixture.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > [noun] > a mixture
mingingOE
mungc1175
meddlingc1384
mellaya1400
mixture?a1425
commixtion?a1439
medley1440
brothc1515
mingly1545
mingle1548
maslin1574
miscellane1582
commixture1590
flaumpaump1593
salad1603
miscellany1609
common1619
cento1625
misturea1626
mixtil1654
concrete1656
contemperation1664
ragout1672
crasis1677
alloy1707
mixtible1750
galimatias1762
misc.1851
syllabub1859
mixtry1862
cocktail1868
blend1883
admix1908
mix-up1918
mix1959
meld1973
katogo1994
1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 83 These being Conceits too trivial, though a Ragoust fit enough for Mr. Bayes his palate.
1718 S. Centlivre Bold Stroke for Wife ii. i. 15 She has an odd Ragoût of Guardians, as you will find when you hear the Characters.
1740 C. Cibber Apol. Life C. Cibber ii. 27 A mere Ragoust, toss'd up from the Offals of other Authors.
1757 T. Smollett Reprisal sig. A 2 He..now presents ye with—a Sea-ragout... A stout Hibernian, and ferocious Scot, Together boil in our inchanted pot.
1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. xi. 298 This is what I wished to have..this young girl... I wanted her just as a change after that fierce ragout.
1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xxviii. 381 If my eccentricities furnish a ragout for omnivorous society, I should be philanthropically glad that tittle-tattledom owes me thanks.
1918 A. Gray tr. R. Grelling Crime II. i. 7 The recipe out of which the poisonous ragout of Germany's peril was & is concocted is as follows.
1994 N.Y. Times 25 Jan. c8/2 ‘People forget that the embryo develops in an environment,’ one that is awash in a ragout of hormones.
2.
a. A sauce or relish; (now) spec. a rich meat sauce for pasta.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun]
sauce1340
dressing1504
embamma1623
ragout1653
dipa1825
dipping sauce1948
1653 I. D. G. tr. F. P. de la Varenne French Cook Gloss. Ragoust. It is any sauce or meat prepared with a haut goust, or quicke or sharp taste.
1698 A. Blencowe Receipt Bk. (1925) 30 Aganst it [sc. a rabbit pie] comes out of the oven, have redy made a Ragoo, brown, with butter and flower (a little brown only) & good Gravy.
1737 Compl. Family-piece (ed. 2) i. ii. 148 Pour on it a Ragoo, and Garnish with Orange and Lemon.
1769 J. Skeat Art of Cookery 8 Sweetbreads Princess'd... These must be done in an oven, and a good ragout sauce in the dish, with parsley chopt fine.
1824 M. Randolph Virginia House-wife 93 Stuff the ducks..pour a ragout of onions over them, and serve them up hot.
1877 Cassell's Dict. Cookery 1177/2 Mask, to cover meat with any rich sauce, ragoût, &c.
1952 G. A. McCue tr. M. E. Descourtilz in Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 39 313 The resources which it [sc. the tomato] offers to the culinary art in the preparation of ragouts and ‘coulis’, have given it admittance to all the vegetable gardens in the vicinity of Paris.
1958 Times 21 July 11/4 Another pasta sauce that is easy to prepare is the Bolognese or ragu.
1994 Francofile Mag. Autumn 69/1 The main course of magret de canard was delicately cooked, and served rare as is the custom, garnished with a pasta ragout.
2005 N.Y. Mag. 21 Nov. 64/3 Buglione's brother makes the mozzarella. His mother will step in on Sundays to make ‘the real ragù’ (a.k.a. Sunday sauce).
b. figurative. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1671 A. Behn Amorous Prince iv. iv. 63 For 'tis but just, although he be my Master, That I in these Ragousts should be his taster.
1673 R. Leigh Transproser Rehears'd 28 A Couplet in a Song gives a better Ragoust to a Controversial Discourse.
1698 L. Milbourne Notes Dryden's Virgil 67 The Translator puts in a little Burlesque now and then, for a Ragout for his cheated Subscribers.
1701 Mr. Wolesly in C. Sidley New Misc. 119 The rich ragout, Wit's too profuse Expence.
1734 tr. C. Rollin Rom. Hist. (1827) IV. iv. 240 Hunger was their only ragout.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

ragoutv.1

Forms: 1600s ragoust.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French ragoûter, ragouster.
Etymology: < French ragoûter, †ragouster to have a taste of (see ragout n.1).
Obsolete.
transitive. Probably: to have a relish of; to appreciate, understand.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)] > value of
relish1602
ragout1673
appreciate1770
1673 E. Hickeringill Gregory 142 If there be, Within you so much Repartee, As to ragoust now what I mean.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

ragoutv.2

Brit. /ˈraɡuː/, /raˈɡuː/, U.S. /ræˈɡu/
Forms: see ragout n.1
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: ragout n.1
Etymology: < ragout n.1
1. transitive. To make a ragout of; to stew with highly flavoured seasoning.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > preparation of meat > dress animals for food [verb (transitive)] > dress in specific way
hash1615
to farce together1650
fricassee1657
collarc1670
britten1688
roll1702
ragout1710
French1747
turtlea1756
fricandeau1769
haricot1769
surprise1769
1710 W. Salmon Family Dict. (ed. 4) 380/1 (heading) Pigeons to ragoo.
1733 S. Harrison House-keeper's Pocket-bk. ii. 7 Breast of Veal ragou'd, with Mushrooms.
a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 163 To ragout a Leg of Mutton.
1779 J. Woodforde Diary 15 Apr. (1978) 152 We had for dinner a Breast of Veal ragouted.
1833 Westm. Rev. Jan. 33 To allow beef to be ragouted in small kitchens.
1847 S. Rutledge Carolina Housewife iv. xxv (heading) To ragout a breast of veal.
1939 Times 30 June 21/4 (heading) ‘To ragoo cucumbers’ (A Georgian recipe).
1981 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 17 May g7/1 Mr. Gardner's title story..about a small-town chef slaughtering and ragouting a small black dog stolen from a pet store.
2. transitive. To give spice or variety to. Also: to elaborate. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > improvement > [verb (transitive)]
beetc975
betterOE
goodOE
sharpa1100
amendc1300
enhance1526
meliorate1542
embetter1568
endeara1586
enrich1598
meliorize1598
mend1603
sweeten1607
improve1617
to work up1641
ameliorate1653
solace1667
fine1683
ragout1749
to make something of1778
richen1795
transcendentalize1846
to tone up1847
to do something (also things) for (also to)1880
rich1912
to step up1920
uprate1965
up1968
nice1993
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. i. i. 5 We shall..hereafter hash and ragoo it with all the high French and Italian Seasoning of Affectation and Vice. View more context for this quotation
1753 Scots Mag. Sept. 458/2 Pin a stomacher bib on, Ragout it with cutlets of silver and ribbon.
1890 J. R. Lowell Writings 142 Those who nothing have to say Contrive to spend the longest time in doing it; They turn and vary it in every way, Hashing it, stewing it, mincing it, ragouting it.
1990 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 22 Nov. 40/4 If corruption entered in, if human nature was degraded and hashed and ragooed, it was because of processes far different from those of the digestive tract.

Derivatives

raˈgouted adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > food by way of preparation > [adjective] > specific highly seasoned dish
ragouted1755
masala1780
Madras1959
1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote II. iii. xv. 286 I would not have you touch these ragoo'd rabbits.
1810 Splendid Follies I. 73 He handed his plate to the butler for some ragoued pigeon.
1970 P. O'Brian Master & Commander (new ed.) ii. 34 Allow me to press you to a trifle of this ragoo'd mutton.
2005 Evening Standard (Nexis) 8 Mar. k7 Slender frogs' legs paddling in garlic, a trail of ragouted snails and fricaseed eels.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : rag-outn.2
<
n.11652v.11673v.21710
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