† railern.¹

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rail n.², -er suffix¹.

Etymology: Apparently < rail n.² + -er suffix¹.With use in quot. a1500 compare quot. c1330 at rail n.² 2a.

Obsolete. rare.

= rail n.² 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > horizontal position or condition > [noun] > a horizontal object or part > rail

railc1330

rail treec1330

railera1500

spell1559

a1500 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Chetham) l. 3222 Rayler [a1500 Cambr. rayle; c1330 Auch. On a towaile ȝhe made knotte riding, Aboute his nekke ȝhe hit þrew And on þe raile tre ȝhe drew].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

railern.²

Brit.

/ˈreɪlə/, U.S.

/ˈreɪlər/

Forms: 1500s–1600s rayler, 1500s–1600s raylor, 1500s– railer; also Scottish pre-1700 railar, pre-1700 railȝear, pre-1700 railȝeare, pre-1700 raillar, pre-1700 railler, pre-1700 railyear, pre-1700 ralar, pre-1700 raler, pre-1700 ralȝear, pre-1700 rayler, pre-1700 realer.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rail v.⁵, -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < rail v.⁵ + -er suffix¹.

A person who rails; esp. one who rants, or is argumentative or abusive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [noun] > one who uses invective or abuse

scoldc1175

scolder1423

railer1513

reviler1517

stinger1552

disgracer1570

invectiver1596

inveighera1601

outrayer1602

blatant1610

vent-giver1611

invector1654

insectator1706

slangwhanger1807

vituperator1837

invectivist1862

clapperclawer1873

vituperant1889

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid viii. Prol. 66 The railȝear raknis na wordis, but ratlis furth ranis.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bourder or rayler, whiche doth counterfayte those whome he mocketh. Bourder, or scoffer.

1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xiv. 242 He is a railer, he doteth, he wanteth discretion.

1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 18 I go on to shew you the unbridl'd impudence of this loose rayler.

1655 in W. Cramond Extracts Rec. Synod of Moray (1906) 120 A traffiqueing papist called Sorle..a malicious railer.

1687 A. Behn Amours Philander & Silvia 85 A grave Senator,..a great Railer at the Vices of young Men.

1706 N. Rowe Ulysses i. i Let the ribald Railer learn To curb the lawless Licence of his Speech.

1734 S. Johnson Harmony in Uproar 10 The taunting Reproaches of this foul-mouth'd Monkey-tail'd Railer.

1775 J. Wesley Let. 22 July (1931) VI. 165 Such a foul-mouthed railer..is quite unfit for a Methodist preacher.

1810 G. Crabbe Borough xiii. 183 Thou writ'st of living Men, And art a Railer and Detracter then.

1859 S. Smiles Self-help (1860) 216 The grumblers and the railers against fortune.

1917 Amer. Hist. Rev. 23 9 The sharp-tongued Alice, a common railer and brawler, baited by a group of villagers,..was determined to give as good as she got.

1985 Washington Post (Nexis) 26 Jan. c1 One of Letterman's frequent guests, Jay Leno, comedian and master railer at the injustices of life.

2000 MELUS Spring 193 It causes Edelshtein to become a lone railer whom others do not take seriously.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

railern.³

Brit.

/ˈreɪlə/, U.S.

/ˈreɪlər/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rail n.², -er suffix¹; rail v.², -er suffix¹.

Etymology: < rail n.² + -er suffix¹. In senses 1 and 2 perhaps partly also < rail v.² (although this is attested slightly later in the relevant senses) + -er suffix¹.

1. A person who travels by train. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > rail travel > [noun] > traveller by rail

railer1834

railway traveller1838

1834 Times 20 Jan. 3/5 The western railers cannot be entitled to use the Windsor road at all, without first obtaining the sanction of an act of Parliament.

1874 J. Albery Two Roses i. 12 Wherever you go there's Stone before you... Stone's a railer.

1889 F. E. Gretton Memory's Harkback 103 Your constant ‘railers’ are blindly ignorant of the localities they scud over.

1993 Orange County (Calif.) Reg. (Nexis) 5 Nov. p83 If you're a frequent railer, you may recognize the Coast Starlight's menu from other cross-country trips.

2. A rail-maker; a person who fits or furnishes with rails. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1878 Times 12 June 8/2 H. Tennent, Glasgow, stair railer.

1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) (at cited word) Railer, one who makes or furnishes with rails.

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §278 at Fitter, rail (bedsteads) Railer, cuts with hacksaw or power-driven circular saw, drills and fits together rails of metal bedstead in a frame;..screws and assembles fittings of bedstead rails.

3. In racing (chiefly greyhound racing): a runner that races nearest to the rail.

ΚΠ

1946 ‘Galgo’ Dog-racing & Betting iv. 18 Fast or slow starters, wide runners, or railers.

1974 H. E. Clarke Win at Greyhound Racing iii. 32 The railer takes the shortest way round the curve.

1991 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 11 Aug. If Touch Of Zephyr had not made a mistake at the last jump in the hurdle he would have made it a clean sweep for the ‘railers’.

1997 Sporting Life 15 Feb. 39/7 (advt.) Ray is a fast starting railer and has all the credentials to go right to the top.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹a1500

n.²1513

n.³1834

单词	railer
释义	† railern.¹ Origin: Apparently formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rail n.², -er suffix¹. Etymology: Apparently < rail n.² + -er suffix¹.With use in quot. a1500 compare quot. c1330 at rail n.² 2a. Obsolete. rare. = rail n.² 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > horizontal position or condition > [noun] > a horizontal object or part > rail railc1330 rail treec1330 railera1500 spell1559 a1500 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Chetham) l. 3222 Rayler [a1500 Cambr. rayle; c1330 Auch. On a towaile ȝhe made knotte riding, Aboute his nekke ȝhe hit þrew And on þe raile tre ȝhe drew]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online June 2020). railern.² Brit. /ˈreɪlə/, U.S. /ˈreɪlər/ Forms: 1500s–1600s rayler, 1500s–1600s raylor, 1500s– railer; also Scottish pre-1700 railar, pre-1700 railȝear, pre-1700 railȝeare, pre-1700 raillar, pre-1700 railler, pre-1700 railyear, pre-1700 ralar, pre-1700 raler, pre-1700 ralȝear, pre-1700 rayler, pre-1700 realer. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rail v.⁵, -er suffix¹. Etymology: < rail v.⁵ + -er suffix¹. A person who rails; esp. one who rants, or is argumentative or abusive. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > invective or abuse > [noun] > one who uses invective or abuse scoldc1175 scolder1423 railer1513 reviler1517 stinger1552 disgracer1570 invectiver1596 inveighera1601 outrayer1602 blatant1610 vent-giver1611 invector1654 insectator1706 slangwhanger1807 vituperator1837 invectivist1862 clapperclawer1873 vituperant1889 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid viii. Prol. 66 The railȝear raknis na wordis, but ratlis furth ranis. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bourder or rayler, whiche doth counterfayte those whome he mocketh. Bourder, or scoffer. 1585 Abp. E. Sandys Serm. xiv. 242 He is a railer, he doteth, he wanteth discretion. 1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 18 I go on to shew you the unbridl'd impudence of this loose rayler. 1655 in W. Cramond Extracts Rec. Synod of Moray (1906) 120 A traffiqueing papist called Sorle..a malicious railer. 1687 A. Behn Amours Philander & Silvia 85 A grave Senator,..a great Railer at the Vices of young Men. 1706 N. Rowe Ulysses i. i Let the ribald Railer learn To curb the lawless Licence of his Speech. 1734 S. Johnson Harmony in Uproar 10 The taunting Reproaches of this foul-mouth'd Monkey-tail'd Railer. 1775 J. Wesley Let. 22 July (1931) VI. 165 Such a foul-mouthed railer..is quite unfit for a Methodist preacher. 1810 G. Crabbe Borough xiii. 183 Thou writ'st of living Men, And art a Railer and Detracter then. 1859 S. Smiles Self-help (1860) 216 The grumblers and the railers against fortune. 1917 Amer. Hist. Rev. 23 9 The sharp-tongued Alice, a common railer and brawler, baited by a group of villagers,..was determined to give as good as she got. 1985 Washington Post (Nexis) 26 Jan. c1 One of Letterman's frequent guests, Jay Leno, comedian and master railer at the injustices of life. 2000 MELUS Spring 193 It causes Edelshtein to become a lone railer whom others do not take seriously. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). railern.³ Brit. /ˈreɪlə/, U.S. /ˈreɪlər/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: rail n.², -er suffix¹; rail v.², -er suffix¹. Etymology: < rail n.² + -er suffix¹. In senses 1 and 2 perhaps partly also < rail v.² (although this is attested slightly later in the relevant senses) + -er suffix¹. 1. A person who travels by train. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > [noun] > traveller by rail railer1834 railway traveller1838 1834 Times 20 Jan. 3/5 The western railers cannot be entitled to use the Windsor road at all, without first obtaining the sanction of an act of Parliament. 1874 J. Albery Two Roses i. 12 Wherever you go there's Stone before you... Stone's a railer. 1889 F. E. Gretton Memory's Harkback 103 Your constant ‘railers’ are blindly ignorant of the localities they scud over. 1993 Orange County (Calif.) Reg. (Nexis) 5 Nov. p83 If you're a frequent railer, you may recognize the Coast Starlight's menu from other cross-country trips. 2. A rail-maker; a person who fits or furnishes with rails. Now rare. ΚΠ 1878 Times 12 June 8/2 H. Tennent, Glasgow, stair railer. 1882 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (new ed.) (at cited word) Railer, one who makes or furnishes with rails. 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §278 at Fitter, rail (bedsteads) Railer, cuts with hacksaw or power-driven circular saw, drills and fits together rails of metal bedstead in a frame;..screws and assembles fittings of bedstead rails. 3. In racing (chiefly greyhound racing): a runner that races nearest to the rail. ΚΠ 1946 ‘Galgo’ Dog-racing & Betting iv. 18 Fast or slow starters, wide runners, or railers. 1974 H. E. Clarke Win at Greyhound Racing iii. 32 The railer takes the shortest way round the curve. 1991 Sunday Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 11 Aug. If Touch Of Zephyr had not made a mistake at the last jump in the hurdle he would have made it a clean sweep for the ‘railers’. 1997 Sporting Life 15 Feb. 39/7 (advt.) Ray is a fast starting railer and has all the credentials to go right to the top. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a1500n.²1513n.³1834
随便看	water peck water pennywort water pepper water pepperwort water pheasant water piece water piet water pik water pill water pillow water pimpernel water pine water pipe water pipit water pistol water pit water pitcher water place water plane water plant water plantain water plate water plug water pocket water poet

† railern.1

railern.2

railern.3

† railern.¹

railern.²

railern.³