bindingn.

Brit.

/ˈbʌɪndɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈbaɪndɪŋ/

Etymology: < bind v. + -ing suffix¹.

I. abstr.

a. The action of bind v. in various senses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [noun] > binding

bindinga1240

ligation1598

ligature1651

bridling1837

society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > absolution > [noun] > retention of sins

retention1586

binding1651

the world > food and drink > hunting > hawking > action of hawk > [noun] > seizing quarry

downcome1575

quarry1607

binding1706

pouncing1807

griffade1852

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > [noun] > adhesion > produced by friction

adhesion1825

bite1865

binding1881

a1240 Lofsong in Lamb. Hom. 207 Ich bede þe..bi his nimunge . and bindunge.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 36 Byndynge, ligacio.

1517 in J. L. Glasscock Rec. St. Michaels, Bishop's Stortford (1882) 35 Pd. for flower and woode for the bynding of the books, ijd.

1633 G. Herbert Sacrifice in Temple xii I suffer binding, who have loos'd their bands.

1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. xvii. §25. 324 What binding and loosing, or remitting and retaining of sinnes, is, admits of some scruple.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Binding (in Falconry) signifies tiring or when a hawk seizes [cf. bind v. 10c].

1832 C. Howard Sel. Farms 8 By..large sheaves, and tight binding.

1881 W. W. Greener Gun & its Devel. 257 The wood screws..are always soaped before turned in, to prevent their binding in the wood.

b. Engagement for service, or as an apprentice.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [noun] > appointment to office or position

deputation1393

location1816

binding1834

society > occupation and work > working > career > [noun] > apprenticeship > binding as apprentice

binding1834

apprenticing1870

1834 Penny Cycl. II. 194/1 The binding is to a carpenter for six years.

1858 London Rev. Oct. 42 At the annual bindings [for service].

2. The state or condition of being bound (in various senses of the verb).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > restriction of free action > [noun] > state of

bindingc1380

bondage1609

fetteredness1656

hamperedness1831

society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > [noun] > of free action > state of

bindingc1380

bondage1609

fetteredness1656

hamperedness1831

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [noun] > constipation

costivenessa1400

obstruction1533

constipationc1550

restriction?1550

obstipation1612

stypticness1617

binding1620

stypticity1620

impaction1853

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [noun] > binding > condition of being bound

binding1632

c1380 J. Wyclif De Eccles. in Sel. Wks. III. 431 Byndyng to siche signes lettiþ fredom of Crist.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 115 In case of binding they are best to be eaten before meate.

1632 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 83 What think ye to take binding with the fair Corner-stone, Jesus?

†3. A quantity bound up; a bundle, bunch. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > bundle

sheafc725

handfulOE

truss12..

knitch13..

binding1388

bundle1398

faggot1447

bond1483

flaggat1487

bend-fulc1500

litch1538

thrave1606

fascicle1622

fawda1642

nitch1726

fascine1793

fasciculus1816

1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) 1 Sam. xxx. 12 Twei byndyngis [L. ligatura] of dried grapis.

II. Concrete.

4. That with which anything is bound; a bond, band, bandage; a fastening.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > a bond, tie, or fastening > [noun] > a band or binding

bindinga1300

gird13..

bandc1325

bundlea1382

bonda1400

bracer1579

binder1695

a1300 E.E. Psalter cxxiv. [cxxv]. 5 Heldand in bindinges Laverd lede sal.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xlv. 938 Þe tame [cucurbita]..byndeþ itself wiþ certeyn holdynges and byndynges as a vyne doþ.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 487 The same bindings being againe bound vpon the wound..infect it.

1611 Bible (King James) Dan. v. 6 The joints [margin. bindings or knots] of his loins were loosed.

5. spec.

a. The strong covering of a book, which holds the sheets together, and protects the volume.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover

forel1393

surpelc1440

covering1459

coverturea1475

heeling1498

lid1585

cover1599

binding1648

book cover1649

case1750

album cover1839

bookcase1885

1648 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple (ed. 2) 79 A little volume, but great booke..the rest Of a rich binding.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 80. ⁋1 Provided always, that the Binding be of Calves-Skin.

a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 906 Spare his golden bindings.

1854 Notes & Queries IX. 423 Receipt for varnishing the binding of old books.

b. A protective covering for the raw edges of a fabric; the braid or other material of this.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > of specific size > narrow > tape > for binding

lear1382

binding1598

stay-tape1699

bias binding1825

bias tape1884

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Cordicella, a little cord..an inkle, a binding.

1747 Gentleman's Mag. June 284/2 The boys and girls hats are white, and tied round with red binding.

1885 Price List Bindings..Silk, 2d. per yard.

c. Architecture and Shipbuilding. A band of masonry and brickwork; a connecting timber, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > timbers of hull > connecting timber

binding1626

bind1803

hog piece1844

deck-hook1850

hog1948

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > disposition of stones or bricks > [noun] > single layer on same level > types of

grass tablea1472

coping1601

tableting1610

plinth1640

plinth course1693

stretching-course1700

bench1730

binding1730

earth table1822

lacing course1833

vertical bond1833

rowlock1864

cope1880

soldier course1948

1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 10 Plankes, bindings, knees, boults.

1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 223 The three Fasciæ or Bindings, which serve as a Parapet.

1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 97 Bindings, the iron links which surround the Dead-Eyes.

1884 Congregational Year Bk. 401 The ceiling of roof over the nave is..divided by arched bindings.

d. An arrangement of straps or springs holding the ski to the boot.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skiing > [noun] > ski > parts or attachments

binding1911

skin1924

climbing skin1931

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 186/2 The feet..are fastened to the middle of the skis by an arrangement of straps, called the binding.

1924 Tourist Winter Sports No. 12/1 There are many varieties of ‘rigid’ or ‘spring’ bindings, which hold the ski to the foot.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as binding factory, binding shrub.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > of unspecified, unidentified, or various type > [noun]

lich-holma1400

binding shrub1591

pepper shrub1693

1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Retama A kinde of binding shrubbe or broome, Genista.

1845 J. Strutt tr. H. Spelman in Sports & Pastimes Poeple Eng. (new ed.) iv. iii. 350.

C2.

binding-cloth n. fancy cloth (usually dyed and stamped muslin) for covering books.

binding copy n. (see quot. 1951).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > copy > [noun] > other types of copy

fine paper copy1789

review book1796

advance copy1837

reading copy1847

manifold1852

review copy1859

press copy1891

working copy1897

file copy1899

binding copy1936

desk copy1942

ideal copy1949

1936 Rogers' Catalogue (Newcastle upon Tyne) [Item] 249..is really a binding copy.

1951 J. Carter ABC for Book-collectors 33 Binding copy, this means..a copy whose covers are in a very poor state, but whose interior is clean and which is worth re-binding.

Categories »

binding-guide n. a contrivance fitted to sewing machines for adjusting the binding to the material to be bound.

† Binding-Tuesday n. Obsolete the Tuesday in Hocktide, the second Tuesday after Easter.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > 40 days up to Ascension > [noun] > first week in > week following > Tuesday in

Hock-dayc1175

Hock Tuesdayc1250

Binding-Tuesday1664

1664 H. Spelman Glossarium at Hocday Alii in hac celebritate alios obsident, capiunt, ligant (præsertim viros fœminæ) atque inde, binding Tuesday, i. Diem Martis ligatoriam appellant.

Draft additions September 2004

Chemistry and Biochemistry. The fact, process, or level of chemical bonding or combination. Frequently attributive.

ΚΠ

1918 T. B. Robertson Physical Chem. of Proteins xii. 309 H+ ions..decrease through the binding of acid by the denatured protein.

1929 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 50 417 This indicates that the antibodies involved..may be supposed to possess several distinct binding groups.

1938 R. W. Lawson tr. G. von Hevesy & F. A. Paneth Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) xviii. 172 It was also feasible to..examine..the firmness of binding of iodine, bromine, etc., in organic compounds.

1965 Nature 10 Apr. 165/2 It is notable that a transient binding state for methyl orange largely survived exposure to 0.5 M propionic acid.

1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) ii. 84 (heading) The function of the antibody molecule depends on its binding reaction with antigen.

1993 Sci. Amer. Nov. 30/3 I..postulated that certain enzymes may be activated by allosteric, or indirect means, by which binding at one site influences behaviour of another site.

Draft additions September 2004

Chemistry. The (level of) cohesion of the constituent particles of an atom. Cf. binding energy n. at binding adj. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1922 A. D. Udden tr. N. Bohr Theory of Spectra iii. iii. 86 Helium was at first assumed to be a mixture of two different gases..but now we know that the two spectra simply mean that the binding of the second electron can occur in two different ways.

1954 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 221 402 It is possible that the influence of nuclear binding is negligible.

1989 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 344/1 Because of the strong binding of inner shells in heavy atoms..photons are produced with energies ranging from 100 to 100,000 eV in the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Draft additions December 2015

Linguistics. In Chomskyan linguistics: the coreferential relationship between anaphors, pronouns, or referring expressions and their antecedents or referents. binding theory n. a theory of generative grammar concerning the notion of grammatical binding; cf. government–binding adj. at government n. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1970 B. H. Partee in Synthese 21 375 Another instance of the usefulness of variables and binding to elucidate the role of pronouns is a classical example which is discussed by Geach.

1981 N. Chomsky in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 295 225 The binding theory entails that certain configurations are ‘opaque’ in the sense that an anaphor such as each other must be bound within them.

1989 A. Bertocchi in G. Calboli Subordination & Other Topics Lat. v. 443 What is relevant is that binding does not cross clause boundaries in both cases.

1995 Ling. Inq. 26 249 Referential dependencies, even those that fall under standard binding theory, cannot in general be determined in syntactic structure.

2011 H. Kamp et al. in D. M. Gabbay & F. Guenthner Handbk. Philos. Logic (ed. 2) XV. 316 Such anaphoric binding is..the standard form of binding for anaphoric pronouns.

Draft additions September 2004

binding site n. Biochemistry a location on a protein or other macromolecule, or on a cellular structure, at which chemical interaction with a specific active substance takes place.

ΚΠ

1950 Sci. Monthly Jan. 24/2 We should like to learn as much as possible about the configurational arrangement of the atoms which form the binding site on the protein.

1967 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 113 192/1 It is possible that competition for binding sites occurs between the two drugs when given to patients together.

1983 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell xvii. 963 Antibodies..can exist in millions of different forms, each with its own unique binding site for antigen.

2001 Science 10 Aug. 1066/3 That stretch of DNA contains a binding site for a protein called CTCF, which forms a chromosomal ‘boundary’.

Draft additions September 2022

The action or practice of flattening or compressing the breasts by binding them tightly with a corset, bandages, etc., or (in later use) by wearing a binder (binder n. Additions).Now chiefly with reference to breast binding by transmasculine or non-binary people: see breast binding n. 1b 1b (note).

ΚΠ

1841 J. Reid Philos. Death v. 160 Stays, embracing the whole chest tightly, tie down the motions of the ribs... This binding of the chest..frequently gives rise to..congestions of the liver.

1920 Mil. Surgeon Dec. 658 Certain customs like foot binding, and the binding of the breasts in young women before marriage..they [sc. Chinese people] still practice blindly.

1955 L. Meyerson in W. M. Cruickshank Psychol. Exceptional Children & Youth i. 11 Binding of the breasts, required for the boyish figure of the 1920 ‘flapper’,..led to the breakdown of breast tissue and disturbances in lactating ability.

1996 Transgender Tapestry Fall 40/2 We discussed binding options, packing devices, urinary devices, and hair and wardrobe suggestions, all designed to..help new men to look and feel their best.

2019 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 17 June Binding is still preferable to the dysphoria that comes from having breasts. I cannot wait to be able to have top surgery and be free of them forever.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2022).

bindingadj.

Etymology: Formed as bind v. + -ing suffix².Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈbinding.

1. That binds together or up; causing or tending to cohere; astringent, styptic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > astringent or restringent preparations > [adjective]

bindingc1384

restraininga1398

straininga1398

constraining1398

strictivea1400

stypticc1400

restrictive?a1425

styptical1528

astringent?1541

constrictive1541

restringitive1559

astrictive1562

restringing1562

restringent1565

constringent1603

astrictory1620

styptive1640

constipating1658

stegnotic1674

staltic1748

constringing1757

apocrustic1853

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [adjective] > binding

binding1606

astringing1752

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. iii. 69 Byndynge frost and colde, blesse ȝe to the Lord.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vii. lxix. 289 Byndyng medycynes..as..Acacia.

1606 B. Jonson Hymenaei 207 We see The binding-force of Vnitie.

1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) v. x. 539 As for the mixt soyles, if they be binding, they will craue as much strength as the clayes.

1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) , §1958 Choosing the best coloured good binding gravel.

2. figurative. Obligatory, restrictive, coercive.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > [adjective]

fastOE

faithfula1500

obligatory1502

obligatoriousa1555

astrictivea1575

bounded1586

debt-bound1588

obliged1594

obligative1596

Stygian1608

obligator1609

binding1611

imperative1621

obligant1624

ligatory1625

obliging1638

obstrictive1642

boundant1649

self-binding1685

hard1935

1611 Bible (King James) Num. xxx. 13 Euery binding othe to afflict the soule.

1782 J. Priestley Hist. Corruptions Christianity II. ix. 224 No promise made to an heretic is binding.

1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty iv Laws of conduct binding on ourselves and on all others.

Compounds

(Some perhaps from the verbal noun.)

binding agent n. a substance that assists cohesion (cf. bind v. 10).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > adhesive > [noun]

gluea1382

size1530

cement1562

solder1582

cementum1617

gluten1639

binder1678

conglutinatora1728

glutin1825

cheese cement1839

agglutinant1844

adhesive1849

stickum1877

stickall1880

stick1891

binding agent1933

tackifier1942

bonding1958

agglomerator1975

1933 Burlington Mag. Mar. 123/2 Egg, milk, or size, was used as a binding-agent.

1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 91/1 Binding agent or binder, the basic material of disc records, chiefly shellac, which causes the various materials to adhere together and form, after heating, a solid mass.

binding energy n. Physics the energy required to break up a nucleus into its constituent particles.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > [noun] > decomposition of nucleus > energy required for

binding energy1932

1932 J. Chadwick in Proc. Royal Soc. A. 136 708 This suggests that the neutron consists of a proton and an electron in close combination, the binding energy being about 1 to 2 × 10⁶ electron volts.

1933 E. Wigner in Physical Rev. 43 253/2 One of the remarkable facts about the mass defects in the very first elements is the very great binding energy of the He nucleus.

1933 E. Wigner in Physical Rev. 43 256/1 We now come to the calculation of the binding energy of the He nucleus, 1 and 2 are neutrons, 3 and 4 protons.

1957 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 593 d/1 The binding energy is a negative energy in the sense that one has to add energy to decompose a helium nucleus into neutrons and protons.

1958 W. K. Mansfield Elem. Nucl. Physics ii. 15 It should require, roughly, 28/4 = 7 MeV to detach a single nucleon. This amount of energy is known as the average binding energy per nucleon.

binding-joist n. a joist resting on the wall-plates and carrying other joists.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > joist > types of

bridge1420

trimming-joist?1677

binding-joist1679

bridging1733

bridging joist1733

bay1823

trimming-piece1833

trimmed joist1876

RSJ1940

tail-joist-

1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. viii. 137 The binding Joists marked cc.

a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 266 The beams and binding-joists are shown.

† binding-note n. Obsolete a bind or tie in musical notation.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > notation > [noun] > slur or tie

ligature1597

tie1656

binding-note1782

slur1786

bind1880

phrasing slur1898

1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 454 Semicircular marks, called binding-notes, and slurs.

binding-plate n. one of a series of iron plates used to strengthen or arm a puddling-furnace.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > [noun] > furnaces for melting or refining metals > furnaces for treating iron > puddling furnaces > part of

fire chamber1808

binding-plate1875

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 997 Bolted upon both sides to the cast-iron binding plates of the furnace.

binding-rafter n. a longitudinal timber lying upon the principals of a roof and enabling them to support the covering.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > roof-beam > rafter > others

hip1363

hip rafter1663

knee-rafter1679

sleeper1688

valley-piece1823

valley-rafter1823

binding-rafter1842

subprincipal1842

1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 934 Binding Rafters, the same as purlins.

binding-screw n. a screw used in various instruments for purposes of clamping or adjustment.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > screw > other types of screw

wrench1552

needle screw1663

female screw1667

stop-screw1680

male screw1682

wood-screw1733

right and left handed screw1738

screw eye1787

claw-screw1795

screw shaft1818

union joint1819

union screw1820

right-and-left screw1821

binding-screw1828

coach screw1874

lag bolt1893

grub-screw1903

Allen screw1910

multithread1921

self-tapper1949

1828 F. Watkins Pop. Sketch Electro-magn. 74 Two wooden..troughs are secured by binding-screws.

1839 Ann. Electr., Magnetism, & Chem. 4 65 The result is a method whereby solder..and binding screws are dispensed with.

c1865 J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 258/1 From these springs the two wires proceed, ended by binding-screws.

binding-twine n. twine used for binding sheaves of corn.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > binder > material to bind with

bandc1325

hay-banda1642

binding-twine1890

haywire1917

1890 U.S. Congress. Record Aug. 9260/1 The observations of..[Senator Davis] in respect to binding-twine are very important to the people of La.

binding wire n. wire used for binding.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [noun] > wire > types of

silver wire14..

white wire1463

virginal wire1662

pin-wire1674

binding wire1767

pinion wire1767

electric wire1819

music wire1823

gutta-percha-wire1876

No. eight1876

picture wire1876

number eight1952

microwire1953

plated wire1960

nanowire1990

1767 in H. M. Brooks Olden Time Series (1886) IV. 31 Binding wire; Brass and Iron ditto.

1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. xx. 424 The soft iron binding-wire used in soldering.

1920 Whittaker's Electr. Engin. Pocket-bk. (ed. 4) 363 The binding wire should be wrapped round the conductor where it rests against the insulator.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	binding
释义	bindingn. Brit. /ˈbʌɪndɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈbaɪndɪŋ/ Etymology: < bind v. + -ing suffix¹. I. abstr. 1. a. The action of bind v. in various senses. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [noun] > binding bindinga1240 ligation1598 ligature1651 bridling1837 society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > absolution > [noun] > retention of sins retention1586 binding1651 the world > food and drink > hunting > hawking > action of hawk > [noun] > seizing quarry downcome1575 quarry1607 binding1706 pouncing1807 griffade1852 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > [noun] > adhesion > produced by friction adhesion1825 bite1865 binding1881 a1240 Lofsong in Lamb. Hom. 207 Ich bede þe..bi his nimunge . and bindunge. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 36 Byndynge, ligacio. 1517 in J. L. Glasscock Rec. St. Michaels, Bishop's Stortford (1882) 35 Pd. for flower and woode for the bynding of the books, ijd. 1633 G. Herbert Sacrifice in Temple xii I suffer binding, who have loos'd their bands. 1651 T. Hobbes Philos. Rudim. xvii. §25. 324 What binding and loosing, or remitting and retaining of sinnes, is, admits of some scruple. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Binding (in Falconry) signifies tiring or when a hawk seizes [cf. bind v. 10c]. 1832 C. Howard Sel. Farms 8 By..large sheaves, and tight binding. 1881 W. W. Greener Gun & its Devel. 257 The wood screws..are always soaped before turned in, to prevent their binding in the wood. b. Engagement for service, or as an apprentice. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > working > labour supply > [noun] > appointment to office or position deputation1393 location1816 binding1834 society > occupation and work > working > career > [noun] > apprenticeship > binding as apprentice binding1834 apprenticing1870 1834 Penny Cycl. II. 194/1 The binding is to a carpenter for six years. 1858 London Rev. Oct. 42 At the annual bindings [for service]. 2. The state or condition of being bound (in various senses of the verb). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > restriction of free action > [noun] > state of bindingc1380 bondage1609 fetteredness1656 hamperedness1831 society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restriction or limitation > [noun] > of free action > state of bindingc1380 bondage1609 fetteredness1656 hamperedness1831 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > excretory disorders > [noun] > constipation costivenessa1400 obstruction1533 constipationc1550 restriction?1550 obstipation1612 stypticness1617 binding1620 stypticity1620 impaction1853 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [noun] > binding > condition of being bound binding1632 c1380 J. Wyclif De Eccles. in Sel. Wks. III. 431 Byndyng to siche signes lettiþ fredom of Crist. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 115 In case of binding they are best to be eaten before meate. 1632 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. 83 What think ye to take binding with the fair Corner-stone, Jesus? †3. A quantity bound up; a bundle, bunch. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > bundle sheafc725 handfulOE truss12.. knitch13.. binding1388 bundle1398 faggot1447 bond1483 flaggat1487 bend-fulc1500 litch1538 thrave1606 fascicle1622 fawda1642 nitch1726 fascine1793 fasciculus1816 1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) 1 Sam. xxx. 12 Twei byndyngis [L. ligatura] of dried grapis. II. Concrete. 4. That with which anything is bound; a bond, band, bandage; a fastening. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > a bond, tie, or fastening > [noun] > a band or binding bindinga1300 gird13.. bandc1325 bundlea1382 bonda1400 bracer1579 binder1695 a1300 E.E. Psalter cxxiv. [cxxv]. 5 Heldand in bindinges Laverd lede sal. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. xlv. 938 Þe tame [cucurbita]..byndeþ itself wiþ certeyn holdynges and byndynges as a vyne doþ. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 487 The same bindings being againe bound vpon the wound..infect it. 1611 Bible (King James) Dan. v. 6 The joints [margin. bindings or knots] of his loins were loosed. View more context for this quotation 5. spec. a. The strong covering of a book, which holds the sheets together, and protects the volume. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover forel1393 surpelc1440 covering1459 coverturea1475 heeling1498 lid1585 cover1599 binding1648 book cover1649 case1750 album cover1839 bookcase1885 1648 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple (ed. 2) 79 A little volume, but great booke..the rest Of a rich binding. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 80. ⁋1 Provided always, that the Binding be of Calves-Skin. a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 906 Spare his golden bindings. 1854 Notes & Queries IX. 423 Receipt for varnishing the binding of old books. b. A protective covering for the raw edges of a fabric; the braid or other material of this. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > of specific size > narrow > tape > for binding lear1382 binding1598 stay-tape1699 bias binding1825 bias tape1884 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Cordicella, a little cord..an inkle, a binding. 1747 Gentleman's Mag. June 284/2 The boys and girls hats are white, and tied round with red binding. 1885 Price List Bindings..Silk, 2d. per yard. c. Architecture and Shipbuilding. A band of masonry and brickwork; a connecting timber, etc. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > [noun] > timbers of hull > connecting timber binding1626 bind1803 hog piece1844 deck-hook1850 hog1948 society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > disposition of stones or bricks > [noun] > single layer on same level > types of grass tablea1472 coping1601 tableting1610 plinth1640 plinth course1693 stretching-course1700 bench1730 binding1730 earth table1822 lacing course1833 vertical bond1833 rowlock1864 cope1880 soldier course1948 1626 J. Smith Accidence Young Sea-men 10 Plankes, bindings, knees, boults. 1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 223 The three Fasciæ or Bindings, which serve as a Parapet. 1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 97 Bindings, the iron links which surround the Dead-Eyes. 1884 Congregational Year Bk. 401 The ceiling of roof over the nave is..divided by arched bindings. d. An arrangement of straps or springs holding the ski to the boot. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > winter sports > skiing > [noun] > ski > parts or attachments binding1911 skin1924 climbing skin1931 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXV. 186/2 The feet..are fastened to the middle of the skis by an arrangement of straps, called the binding. 1924 Tourist Winter Sports No. 12/1 There are many varieties of ‘rigid’ or ‘spring’ bindings, which hold the ski to the foot. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations, as binding factory, binding shrub. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > of unspecified, unidentified, or various type > [noun] lich-holma1400 binding shrub1591 pepper shrub1693 1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Retama A kinde of binding shrubbe or broome, Genista. 1845 J. Strutt tr. H. Spelman in Sports & Pastimes Poeple Eng. (new ed.) iv. iii. 350. C2. binding-cloth n. fancy cloth (usually dyed and stamped muslin) for covering books. binding copy n. (see quot. 1951). ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > copy > [noun] > other types of copy fine paper copy1789 review book1796 advance copy1837 reading copy1847 manifold1852 review copy1859 press copy1891 working copy1897 file copy1899 binding copy1936 desk copy1942 ideal copy1949 1936 Rogers' Catalogue (Newcastle upon Tyne) [Item] 249..is really a binding copy. 1951 J. Carter ABC for Book-collectors 33 Binding copy, this means..a copy whose covers are in a very poor state, but whose interior is clean and which is worth re-binding. Categories » binding-guide n. a contrivance fitted to sewing machines for adjusting the binding to the material to be bound. † Binding-Tuesday n. Obsolete the Tuesday in Hocktide, the second Tuesday after Easter. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > liturgical year > feast, festival > specific Christian festivals > 40 days up to Ascension > [noun] > first week in > week following > Tuesday in Hock-dayc1175 Hock Tuesdayc1250 Binding-Tuesday1664 1664 H. Spelman Glossarium at Hocday Alii in hac celebritate alios obsident, capiunt, ligant (præsertim viros fœminæ) atque inde, binding Tuesday, i. Diem Martis ligatoriam appellant. Draft additions September 2004 Chemistry and Biochemistry. The fact, process, or level of chemical bonding or combination. Frequently attributive. ΚΠ 1918 T. B. Robertson Physical Chem. of Proteins xii. 309 H+ ions..decrease through the binding of acid by the denatured protein. 1929 Jrnl. Exper. Med. 50 417 This indicates that the antibodies involved..may be supposed to possess several distinct binding groups. 1938 R. W. Lawson tr. G. von Hevesy & F. A. Paneth Man. Radioactivity (ed. 2) xviii. 172 It was also feasible to..examine..the firmness of binding of iodine, bromine, etc., in organic compounds. 1965 Nature 10 Apr. 165/2 It is notable that a transient binding state for methyl orange largely survived exposure to 0.5 M propionic acid. 1984 M. J. Taussig Processes in Pathol. & Microbiol. (ed. 2) ii. 84 (heading) The function of the antibody molecule depends on its binding reaction with antigen. 1993 Sci. Amer. Nov. 30/3 I..postulated that certain enzymes may be activated by allosteric, or indirect means, by which binding at one site influences behaviour of another site. Draft additions September 2004 Chemistry. The (level of) cohesion of the constituent particles of an atom. Cf. binding energy n. at binding adj. Compounds. ΚΠ 1922 A. D. Udden tr. N. Bohr Theory of Spectra iii. iii. 86 Helium was at first assumed to be a mixture of two different gases..but now we know that the two spectra simply mean that the binding of the second electron can occur in two different ways. 1954 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 221 402 It is possible that the influence of nuclear binding is negligible. 1989 Encycl. Brit. XIV. 344/1 Because of the strong binding of inner shells in heavy atoms..photons are produced with energies ranging from 100 to 100,000 eV in the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Draft additions December 2015 Linguistics. In Chomskyan linguistics: the coreferential relationship between anaphors, pronouns, or referring expressions and their antecedents or referents. binding theory n. a theory of generative grammar concerning the notion of grammatical binding; cf. government–binding adj. at government n. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1970 B. H. Partee in Synthese 21 375 Another instance of the usefulness of variables and binding to elucidate the role of pronouns is a classical example which is discussed by Geach. 1981 N. Chomsky in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 295 225 The binding theory entails that certain configurations are ‘opaque’ in the sense that an anaphor such as each other must be bound within them. 1989 A. Bertocchi in G. Calboli Subordination & Other Topics Lat. v. 443 What is relevant is that binding does not cross clause boundaries in both cases. 1995 Ling. Inq. 26 249 Referential dependencies, even those that fall under standard binding theory, cannot in general be determined in syntactic structure. 2011 H. Kamp et al. in D. M. Gabbay & F. Guenthner Handbk. Philos. Logic (ed. 2) XV. 316 Such anaphoric binding is..the standard form of binding for anaphoric pronouns. Draft additions September 2004 binding site n. Biochemistry a location on a protein or other macromolecule, or on a cellular structure, at which chemical interaction with a specific active substance takes place. ΚΠ 1950 Sci. Monthly Jan. 24/2 We should like to learn as much as possible about the configurational arrangement of the atoms which form the binding site on the protein. 1967 Brit. Jrnl. Psychiatry 113 192/1 It is possible that competition for binding sites occurs between the two drugs when given to patients together. 1983 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell xvii. 963 Antibodies..can exist in millions of different forms, each with its own unique binding site for antigen. 2001 Science 10 Aug. 1066/3 That stretch of DNA contains a binding site for a protein called CTCF, which forms a chromosomal ‘boundary’. Draft additions September 2022 The action or practice of flattening or compressing the breasts by binding them tightly with a corset, bandages, etc., or (in later use) by wearing a binder (binder n. Additions).Now chiefly with reference to breast binding by transmasculine or non-binary people: see breast binding n. 1b 1b (note). ΚΠ 1841 J. Reid Philos. Death v. 160 Stays, embracing the whole chest tightly, tie down the motions of the ribs... This binding of the chest..frequently gives rise to..congestions of the liver. 1920 Mil. Surgeon Dec. 658 Certain customs like foot binding, and the binding of the breasts in young women before marriage..they [sc. Chinese people] still practice blindly. 1955 L. Meyerson in W. M. Cruickshank Psychol. Exceptional Children & Youth i. 11 Binding of the breasts, required for the boyish figure of the 1920 ‘flapper’,..led to the breakdown of breast tissue and disturbances in lactating ability. 1996 Transgender Tapestry Fall 40/2 We discussed binding options, packing devices, urinary devices, and hair and wardrobe suggestions, all designed to..help new men to look and feel their best. 2019 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 17 June Binding is still preferable to the dysphoria that comes from having breasts. I cannot wait to be able to have top surgery and be free of them forever. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2022). bindingadj. Etymology: Formed as bind v. + -ing suffix².Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈbinding. 1. That binds together or up; causing or tending to cohere; astringent, styptic. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > astringent or restringent preparations > [adjective] bindingc1384 restraininga1398 straininga1398 constraining1398 strictivea1400 stypticc1400 restrictive?a1425 styptical1528 astringent?1541 constrictive1541 restringitive1559 astrictive1562 restringing1562 restringent1565 constringent1603 astrictory1620 styptive1640 constipating1658 stegnotic1674 staltic1748 constringing1757 apocrustic1853 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [adjective] > binding binding1606 astringing1752 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. iii. 69 Byndynge frost and colde, blesse ȝe to the Lord. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) vii. lxix. 289 Byndyng medycynes..as..Acacia. 1606 B. Jonson Hymenaei 207 We see The binding-force of Vnitie. 1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) v. x. 539 As for the mixt soyles, if they be binding, they will craue as much strength as the clayes. 1824 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening (ed. 2) , §1958 Choosing the best coloured good binding gravel. 2. figurative. Obligatory, restrictive, coercive. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > [adjective] fastOE faithfula1500 obligatory1502 obligatoriousa1555 astrictivea1575 bounded1586 debt-bound1588 obliged1594 obligative1596 Stygian1608 obligator1609 binding1611 imperative1621 obligant1624 ligatory1625 obliging1638 obstrictive1642 boundant1649 self-binding1685 hard1935 1611 Bible (King James) Num. xxx. 13 Euery binding othe to afflict the soule. View more context for this quotation 1782 J. Priestley Hist. Corruptions Christianity II. ix. 224 No promise made to an heretic is binding. 1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty iv Laws of conduct binding on ourselves and on all others. Compounds (Some perhaps from the verbal noun.) binding agent n. a substance that assists cohesion (cf. bind v. 10). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > adhesive > [noun] gluea1382 size1530 cement1562 solder1582 cementum1617 gluten1639 binder1678 conglutinatora1728 glutin1825 cheese cement1839 agglutinant1844 adhesive1849 stickum1877 stickall1880 stick1891 binding agent1933 tackifier1942 bonding1958 agglomerator1975 1933 Burlington Mag. Mar. 123/2 Egg, milk, or size, was used as a binding-agent. 1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 91/1 Binding agent or binder, the basic material of disc records, chiefly shellac, which causes the various materials to adhere together and form, after heating, a solid mass. binding energy n. Physics the energy required to break up a nucleus into its constituent particles. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > [noun] > decomposition of nucleus > energy required for binding energy1932 1932 J. Chadwick in Proc. Royal Soc. A. 136 708 This suggests that the neutron consists of a proton and an electron in close combination, the binding energy being about 1 to 2 × 10⁶ electron volts. 1933 E. Wigner in Physical Rev. 43 253/2 One of the remarkable facts about the mass defects in the very first elements is the very great binding energy of the He nucleus. 1933 E. Wigner in Physical Rev. 43 256/1 We now come to the calculation of the binding energy of the He nucleus, 1 and 2 are neutrons, 3 and 4 protons. 1957 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 593 d/1 The binding energy is a negative energy in the sense that one has to add energy to decompose a helium nucleus into neutrons and protons. 1958 W. K. Mansfield Elem. Nucl. Physics ii. 15 It should require, roughly, 28/4 = 7 MeV to detach a single nucleon. This amount of energy is known as the average binding energy per nucleon. binding-joist n. a joist resting on the wall-plates and carrying other joists. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > joist > types of bridge1420 trimming-joist?1677 binding-joist1679 bridging1733 bridging joist1733 bay1823 trimming-piece1833 trimmed joist1876 RSJ1940 tail-joist- 1679 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. viii. 137 The binding Joists marked cc. a1878 G. G. Scott Lect. Mediæval Archit. (1879) I. 266 The beams and binding-joists are shown. † binding-note n. Obsolete a bind or tie in musical notation. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > written or printed music > notation > [noun] > slur or tie ligature1597 tie1656 binding-note1782 slur1786 bind1880 phrasing slur1898 1782 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music II. 454 Semicircular marks, called binding-notes, and slurs. binding-plate n. one of a series of iron plates used to strengthen or arm a puddling-furnace. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > [noun] > furnaces for melting or refining metals > furnaces for treating iron > puddling furnaces > part of fire chamber1808 binding-plate1875 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 997 Bolted upon both sides to the cast-iron binding plates of the furnace. binding-rafter n. a longitudinal timber lying upon the principals of a roof and enabling them to support the covering. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > framework of building > [noun] > roof-beam > rafter > others hip1363 hip rafter1663 knee-rafter1679 sleeper1688 valley-piece1823 valley-rafter1823 binding-rafter1842 subprincipal1842 1842 J. Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss. 934 Binding Rafters, the same as purlins. binding-screw n. a screw used in various instruments for purposes of clamping or adjustment. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > fastenings > [noun] > screw > other types of screw wrench1552 needle screw1663 female screw1667 stop-screw1680 male screw1682 wood-screw1733 right and left handed screw1738 screw eye1787 claw-screw1795 screw shaft1818 union joint1819 union screw1820 right-and-left screw1821 binding-screw1828 coach screw1874 lag bolt1893 grub-screw1903 Allen screw1910 multithread1921 self-tapper1949 1828 F. Watkins Pop. Sketch Electro-magn. 74 Two wooden..troughs are secured by binding-screws. 1839 Ann. Electr., Magnetism, & Chem. 4 65 The result is a method whereby solder..and binding screws are dispensed with. c1865 J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 258/1 From these springs the two wires proceed, ended by binding-screws. binding-twine n. twine used for binding sheaves of corn. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > binder > material to bind with bandc1325 hay-banda1642 binding-twine1890 haywire1917 1890 U.S. Congress. Record Aug. 9260/1 The observations of..[Senator Davis] in respect to binding-twine are very important to the people of La. binding wire n. wire used for binding. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [noun] > wire > types of silver wire14.. white wire1463 virginal wire1662 pin-wire1674 binding wire1767 pinion wire1767 electric wire1819 music wire1823 gutta-percha-wire1876 No. eight1876 picture wire1876 number eight1952 microwire1953 plated wire1960 nanowire1990 1767 in H. M. Brooks Olden Time Series (1886) IV. 31 Binding wire; Brass and Iron ditto. 1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. xx. 424 The soft iron binding-wire used in soldering. 1920 Whittaker's Electr. Engin. Pocket-bk. (ed. 4) 363 The binding wire should be wrapped round the conductor where it rests against the insulator. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1240adj.c1384
随便看	to tip the balance to tip the beam to tip the garrotte to tip the go-by to tip the goby to tip the perch to tip the picks to tip the pikes to tip the scales to tip the traveller to tip the wink to tip up one's heels to tip, give, or get the wink to tiptoe it to tire down to tire out to tirl at the latch, at the sneck to tirl at the pin to tirl at upon the pin to tirl the sneck to tit a person in the teeth to tit in a person's teeth to tit in the teeth to tithe mint anise and cumin to tithe mint dill and cumin