radiclen.

Brit.

/ˈradᵻkl/, U.S.

/ˈrædək(ə)l/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rādīcula.

Etymology: < classical Latin rādīcula (see radicula n.); compare -cle suffix. Compare follicle n., ventricle n., etc. Compare later radicel n., radicule n. In sense 3 probably after French radicule (1792 or earlier in this sense); compare earlier rootlet n. 3.

1. Botany.

a. The primary root of a plant embryo or seedling.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > [noun] > parts of > embryo or radicle

embryon1640

germen1651

neb1658

radicle1671

embryo1682

embryo plant1692

plantula1698

plantleta1711

germ1721

niba1722

radicula1725

plantule1727

radicule1728

rostellum1760

radicale1763

rostel1783

heartlet1808

corcle1810

proembryo1849

tigelle1860

hypophysis1875

embryoid1963

1671 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 3037 The one is called by him [sc. Grew] the Radicle, being that, which, upon the vegetation of the Seed, becomes the Root.

1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. i. 32 The Lobes did at first feed and impregnate the Radicle into a perfect Root.

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 31 The..lowermost part is called Radicle; because 'tis the Origin of the Root... The Radicle is likewise called the seminal Root.

1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening ii. 22 The substance of seeds appears to be spent first in helping the radicle to push, and then..in the nourishment of the two first leaves.

1880 C. Darwin & F. Darwin Power of Movement in Plants 5 The radicle can be distinguished from the hypocotyl only by the presence of root-hairs and the nature of its covering.

1970 J. H. B. Peel Country Talk viii. 134 On the third day a white spot appears, which becomes the tip of the radicle.

2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees vii. 147 The root system begins normally enough in the seed—in the dicot manner, from the radicle (the primary root) of the embryo.

b. A rootlet; a fine or fibrous root (cf. radicel n.); (in later use) esp. a root or rhizoid of a moss.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > root > [noun] > rootlet, fibre, or subsidiary root

string1398

by-root1578

fillet1601

taw1615

tapon1641

fibre1656

fang1664

fibril1664

rootlinga1706

lateral root1724

rootlet1783

radicle1793

radicel1819

viver1877

branch-root1884

sprangle1896

thong1927

1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. Q8 Root-leaf and Rootlet are more proper in English than Radical leaf and Radicle.

1839 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (ed. 3) i. ii. 108 The body of the root is sometimes called the caudex; the minute subdivisions have been sometimes called radicles.

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. i. 10 Using the long radicles of a spongy moss for wick.

1897 Naturalist 178 The brown radicles are a prothalloid growth.

1952 Bryologist 55 141 Medium-sized plants in dense tufts, dull yellow-green above, brown and matted with radicles below.

1990 E. V. Watson Brit. Mosses & Liverworts (ed. 3) 169 The lower parts are much interwoven with brownish radicles, the plants forming dense, soft tufts.

2. Chemistry. = radical n. 5. Now rare.Radicle was formerly preferred to radical by some authorities, and was used in the Journal of the Chemical Society until 1923, but this appears to have been due to a misunderstanding (see quot. 1862).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > [noun] > compounds > element or atom forming the base of a compound

radical1788

radicle1797

macroradical1967

1797 B. de Witt Ess. Oxigene 9 Oxigene gas exists in our atmosphere in the proportion of twenty seven parts to the hundred, according to Lavoisier. It is compounded of a base or radicle, and caloric..which maintains it in a state of elastic fluidity.

1814 tr. J. J. Berzelius in Ann. Philos. 3 61 Nitricum, radicle of azote (N).

1862 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. (ed. 2) III. 36 Liebig..defined organic chemistry to be the chemistry of compound radicles. [Note] The German term radikal is commonly, but inaccurately translated radical, which is properly an adjective, the word radicle being the appropriate rendering.

1880 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 16 Apr. 444 The action of the iodides of the alcoholic radicles, methyl and ethyl, on roseine base.

1906 H. J. H. Fenton Notes Qualitative Anal. (new ed.) 65 The complex single salts such as the ferrocyanides..for the most part shew no reactions of the metal or acid radicle which their names appear..to indicate.

1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. xiv. 319 It was believed at one time that the plant used nitrogen only as the nitrate ion..and that ammonia and other forms had to be converted to this radicle in the soil.

1977 Lancet 29 Oct. 892/2 Sulphasalazine consists of sulphapyridine linked to a salicylate radicle by a diazo bond.

3. Anatomy. Any of the smallest branches of a vein, artery, nerve, or duct.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > branch

branch-veinc1400

eye vein1545

surcle1578

tendron1578

propagation1615

twig1683

radicle1829

rootlet1875

radical1880

the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > parts of nerves > [noun] > branch

rame1578

surcle1578

ramus1615

sprig1634

twig1683

ramus communicans1798

rootlet1815

radicle1829

nerve twig1865

arm1870

radical1880

neuropilema1891

neuropil1894

1829 J. Murray Diss. Infl. Heat & Humidity 147 Their dilute solutions might enter the blood by percolation or imbibition, by venous radicles, or by capillary attraction.

1880 H. C. Bastian Brain 44 The radicles of a much branched nerve process.

1918 Lancet 28 Sept. 416/1 If material of a deleterious character greater in quantity than the liver can deal with is absorbed by the radicles of the portal system, certain changes must result .

1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 18 Apr. 903/1 There was fairly significant dilatation of the vessels, and it is hard to be certain whether they were arteriovenous shunts or overdistended portal radicles.

2003 Amer. Jrnl. Roentgenol. 181 1017 I sought to develop an efficacious transhepatic technique for localizing normal or minimally dilated biliary radicles.

†4. Linguistics. = radical n. 2b. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [noun] > root

root1530

radical1621

radicle1861

1861 U. Parsons Indian Names Places Rhode Island 5 By dropping the syllable ki in the radicle seki, annexing konk and adding et, we have Seconknet.

1870 F. A. March Compar. Gram. Anglo-Saxon Lang. 33 Radicles are elementary relational parts of words. They are generally single sounds—oftenest a consonant sound.

1890 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 3 114 The word Nakaydi contains the radicle ‘kay’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	radicle
释义	radiclen. Brit. /ˈradᵻkl/, U.S. /ˈrædək(ə)l/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin rādīcula. Etymology: < classical Latin rādīcula (see radicula n.); compare -cle suffix. Compare follicle n., ventricle n., etc. Compare later radicel n., radicule n. In sense 3 probably after French radicule (1792 or earlier in this sense); compare earlier rootlet n. 3. 1. Botany. a. The primary root of a plant embryo or seedling. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > [noun] > parts of > embryo or radicle embryon1640 germen1651 neb1658 radicle1671 embryo1682 embryo plant1692 plantula1698 plantleta1711 germ1721 niba1722 radicula1725 plantule1727 radicule1728 rostellum1760 radicale1763 rostel1783 heartlet1808 corcle1810 proembryo1849 tigelle1860 hypophysis1875 embryoid1963 1671 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 3037 The one is called by him [sc. Grew] the Radicle, being that, which, upon the vegetation of the Seed, becomes the Root. 1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. i. 32 The Lobes did at first feed and impregnate the Radicle into a perfect Root. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 31 The..lowermost part is called Radicle; because 'tis the Origin of the Root... The Radicle is likewise called the seminal Root. 1796 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening ii. 22 The substance of seeds appears to be spent first in helping the radicle to push, and then..in the nourishment of the two first leaves. 1880 C. Darwin & F. Darwin Power of Movement in Plants 5 The radicle can be distinguished from the hypocotyl only by the presence of root-hairs and the nature of its covering. 1970 J. H. B. Peel Country Talk viii. 134 On the third day a white spot appears, which becomes the tip of the radicle. 2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees vii. 147 The root system begins normally enough in the seed—in the dicot manner, from the radicle (the primary root) of the embryo. b. A rootlet; a fine or fibrous root (cf. radicel n.); (in later use) esp. a root or rhizoid of a moss. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > root > [noun] > rootlet, fibre, or subsidiary root string1398 by-root1578 fillet1601 taw1615 tapon1641 fibre1656 fang1664 fibril1664 rootlinga1706 lateral root1724 rootlet1783 radicle1793 radicel1819 viver1877 branch-root1884 sprangle1896 thong1927 1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. sig. Q8 Root-leaf and Rootlet are more proper in English than Radical leaf and Radicle. 1839 J. Lindley Introd. Bot. (ed. 3) i. ii. 108 The body of the root is sometimes called the caudex; the minute subdivisions have been sometimes called radicles. 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. II. i. 10 Using the long radicles of a spongy moss for wick. 1897 Naturalist 178 The brown radicles are a prothalloid growth. 1952 Bryologist 55 141 Medium-sized plants in dense tufts, dull yellow-green above, brown and matted with radicles below. 1990 E. V. Watson Brit. Mosses & Liverworts (ed. 3) 169 The lower parts are much interwoven with brownish radicles, the plants forming dense, soft tufts. 2. Chemistry. = radical n. 5. Now rare.Radicle was formerly preferred to radical by some authorities, and was used in the Journal of the Chemical Society until 1923, but this appears to have been due to a misunderstanding (see quot. 1862). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > [noun] > compounds > element or atom forming the base of a compound radical1788 radicle1797 macroradical1967 1797 B. de Witt Ess. Oxigene 9 Oxigene gas exists in our atmosphere in the proportion of twenty seven parts to the hundred, according to Lavoisier. It is compounded of a base or radicle, and caloric..which maintains it in a state of elastic fluidity. 1814 tr. J. J. Berzelius in Ann. Philos. 3 61 Nitricum, radicle of azote (N). 1862 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. (ed. 2) III. 36 Liebig..defined organic chemistry to be the chemistry of compound radicles. [Note] The German term radikal is commonly, but inaccurately translated radical, which is properly an adjective, the word radicle being the appropriate rendering. 1880 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 16 Apr. 444 The action of the iodides of the alcoholic radicles, methyl and ethyl, on roseine base. 1906 H. J. H. Fenton Notes Qualitative Anal. (new ed.) 65 The complex single salts such as the ferrocyanides..for the most part shew no reactions of the metal or acid radicle which their names appear..to indicate. 1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. xiv. 319 It was believed at one time that the plant used nitrogen only as the nitrate ion..and that ammonia and other forms had to be converted to this radicle in the soil. 1977 Lancet 29 Oct. 892/2 Sulphasalazine consists of sulphapyridine linked to a salicylate radicle by a diazo bond. 3. Anatomy. Any of the smallest branches of a vein, artery, nerve, or duct. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > branch branch-veinc1400 eye vein1545 surcle1578 tendron1578 propagation1615 twig1683 radicle1829 rootlet1875 radical1880 the world > life > the body > nervous system > nerve > parts of nerves > [noun] > branch rame1578 surcle1578 ramus1615 sprig1634 twig1683 ramus communicans1798 rootlet1815 radicle1829 nerve twig1865 arm1870 radical1880 neuropilema1891 neuropil1894 1829 J. Murray Diss. Infl. Heat & Humidity 147 Their dilute solutions might enter the blood by percolation or imbibition, by venous radicles, or by capillary attraction. 1880 H. C. Bastian Brain 44 The radicles of a much branched nerve process. 1918 Lancet 28 Sept. 416/1 If material of a deleterious character greater in quantity than the liver can deal with is absorbed by the radicles of the portal system, certain changes must result . 1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 18 Apr. 903/1 There was fairly significant dilatation of the vessels, and it is hard to be certain whether they were arteriovenous shunts or overdistended portal radicles. 2003 Amer. Jrnl. Roentgenol. 181 1017 I sought to develop an efficacious transhepatic technique for localizing normal or minimally dilated biliary radicles. †4. Linguistics. = radical n. 2b. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > morpheme > [noun] > root root1530 radical1621 radicle1861 1861 U. Parsons Indian Names Places Rhode Island 5 By dropping the syllable ki in the radicle seki, annexing konk and adding et, we have Seconknet. 1870 F. A. March Compar. Gram. Anglo-Saxon Lang. 33 Radicles are elementary relational parts of words. They are generally single sounds—oftenest a consonant sound. 1890 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 3 114 The word Nakaydi contains the radicle ‘kay’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1671
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