ratifyv.

Brit.

/ˈratᵻfʌɪ/, U.S.

/ˈrædəˌfaɪ/

Forms: Middle English radefy, Middle English radifie, Middle English radyffy, Middle English radyfy, Middle English–1500s ratefye, Middle English–1500s ratifye, Middle English–1500s ratyfye, Middle English–1700s ratefie, Middle English–1700s ratifie, Middle English– ratify, 1500s ratiffy, 1500s ratyfy, 1500s retify, 1600s rattify, 1600s ratyfie, 1600s rayedefy; Scottish pre-1700 ratefe, pre-1700 ratefey, pre-1700 ratefi, pre-1700 ratefie, pre-1700 ratiefie, pre-1700 ratife, pre-1700 ratiffe, pre-1700 ratiffie, pre-1700 ratifie, pre-1700 ratifii, pre-1700 ratifye, pre-1700 ratyfe, pre-1700 ratyfy, pre-1700 retiffe, pre-1700 1700s– ratify, 1700s 1900s– raitifie, 1900s– ratifee. N.E.D. (1903) also records a form Middle English ratiffye.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ratifier.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French ratifier, ratefier, Middle French rateffier, reteffier to approve, confirm, accept as valid (1294 in Old French) < post-classical Latin ratificare to confirm or make valid (from 12th cent. in British sources; from 13th cent. in continental sources) < classical Latin ratus (see rate adj.¹) + -ficāre -fy suffix. Compare Italian ratificare (a1348).

I. To confirm.

a. transitive. To confirm or validate (an act, agreement, gift, etc.) by giving formal consent, approval, or sanction (esp. to terms or arrangements drawn up by another party). Also occasionally intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > ratification or confirmation > confirm or ratify [verb (transitive)]

confirm1297

ratify1357

endoss1381

approve1413

roborate?a1475

establish1533

justify1596

firm1599

rate?1611

affeera1616

tie1623

convalidate1656

sanction1778

accredit1826

countersign1840

endorse1847

the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement with [verb (transitive)] > make conclude or seal (an agreement)

binda1300

smitec1330

takec1330

ratify1357

knitc1400

enter1418

obligea1522

agree1523

conclude1523

strike1544

swap1590

celebrate1592

rate?1611

to strike up1646

form1736

firm1970

J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) 98 The ercebisshop..ratifies [?a1450 Lamb. confirmys] als-so that othir men gifes.

1397 in J. Slater Early Scots Texts (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb.) (1952) No. 34 Ovre lord the kyng sall conferme appreve & ratyfy [v.r. ratify] vndir his gret seyll all giftys [etc.].

a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 3349 We be come al for anoþer thyng..which we dar not opynly expresse with-oute that ȝe wold..Ȝoure graunt aforn conferme and ratefye.

1469 in J. Stuart & G. Burnett Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1884) VII. 618 We ratifii and approvis this charter in all poyntis.

1549 Duke of Somerset in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 174 Their agreament and conclusion to be established and ratified by Parlyament.

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin iii. 138 To ratifie..the auncient frendship with a new peace.

1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island i. iv. 2 When the shepherd-lads with common voice Their first consent had firmly ratifi'd.

1667 S. Pepys Diary 9 Aug. (1974) VIII. 378 He tells me..it is supposed the peace is ratified at Bredah.

1713 Boston News-let. 13 July 2/2 The following Gentlemen..appointed Commissioners to Ratify the Submission and Articles of Pacification Executed here by the said Indians.

1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 122 The endowment was ratified by the Pope's bull.

1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece V. xxxviii. 69 Asking whether the Thebans would permit the Bœotian towns to ratify for themselves.

1840 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. lvi. 125 The compact was ratified by a solemn reconciliation between the contending parties.

1879 J. R. Green Readings Eng. Hist. xviii. 90 The terms which he had come to ratify had been settled beforehand.

1920 Glasgow Herald 29 Nov. 11/2 The British Government expects the Mejliss to meet within a month to decide whether it wishes to ratify the Anglo-Persian agreement.

1970 L. Deighton Bomber (1972) xxxiv. 468 The above-named has been found unsuitable for any further duties in aircrew capacity and his reduction from NCO rank has therefore been ratified by Air Ministry.

1997 Countryman Spring 168 Despite all the support the objectors received the fact remained that the Order had now been officially ratified—a new town was going to be built.

†b. transitive. To confirm the possession of (land, goods, etc.). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1469 in J. Stuart & G. Burnett Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1884) VII. 618 I ratyfy..al landis,..rentis and gudis..that my said gravntschir..giffis.

1561 J. Heywood tr. Seneca Hercules Furens sig. D8 But one my pompe and princely myght May ratifye, once ioynde to me with regall torche full bryght.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Macc. xi. 34 We haue ratified vnto them the borders of Iudea.

1850 W. B. D. D. Turnbull tr. in Hist. Memorials Coldstream Abbey 85 I and my heirs lawfully ratify the said land to the before-mentioned Sisters from that locality where Hesilhow falls into Dur.

†c. transitive. To confirm, to guarantee or ensure the fulfilment of (a purpose, hope, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] > guarantee

fast?a1160

pledge?a1439

assure1447

ensure1460

avouch1548

ratify1599

seal1628

underwrite1838

warrant1849

1599 E. Ford Parismenos vii. sig. H4^v Most noble King (quoth he) my humble desire is, that you wold without further doubt, ratifie that which I shall performe in the behalfe of the Princesse.

1605 M. Drayton Poems sig. Ii3^v The King suspending should he not consent, And ratifie the generall intent.

?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxiv. 270 Pray..that he will deine to vse His most lou'd bird, to ratifie thy hopes.

1649 E. Reynolds Israels Prayer (new ed.) vi. 91 God..onely can ratifie all our pious resolutions.

1757 T. Gray Ode II ii. iii, in Odes 18 Stamp we our vengeance deep, and ratify his doom.

1799 C. B. Brown Edgar Huntly I. viii. 175 The same blow that bereavedhim of life, has likewise ratified her doom.

1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham II. xx. 198 I fancied a perfection in her, and vowed an emulation in myself, which it was reserved for Time to ratify or deride.

1861 Amer. Agriculturist Jan. 15/3 Let our readers experiment and report, if the value of this method can be ratified.

2. transitive. To declare or confirm the truth or correctness of (a statement, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > attest, bear witness [verb (transitive)] > support, corroborate > on basis of authority

confirmc1290

certify1330

approvec1380

authorizea1393

ratify?a1425

consignc1430

corroborate1530

attest1590

concredit1659

attestate1660

you can quote me1813

?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 156 Þe Pape hase ratified..my buke in all poyntes.

1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Confirmacion f. ix* They may then..with their owne mouth..ratifie and confesse the same.

1558 Dunkyn's Mortgage to Vicary in Vicary's Anat. (1888) App. iii. 139 The names..werre here red, ratefyed & allowyd.

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 357 The prophesie..thus ratified by the euent.

1671 J. Webster Metallographia iii. 50 To ratifie this,..I shall relate what I my self have found.

1754 Bp. T. Sherlock Disc. (1759) I. i. 30 This Revelation..has been ratified by the blood of Christ and His Apostles.

1826 C. Lamb in New Monthly Mag. 16 520 The transitions in this episode are..as violent as in the most extravagant dream, and yet the waking judgment ratifies them.

1866 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 8 395 Lest it be supposed that he intelligently accepts and ratifies Colebrookes conclusions, as agreeing with the results of his own examination.

1906 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Sentinel 7 Mar. 4/3 Mr. Walsh went on to ratify the statement of Fred. M. Blount, that the report was not true.

1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 20 Apr. 72/4 When Cavell counter-intuitively asserts that a man typically retains his repressed childhood wish to be ‘buggered by his father’..she is willy-nilly ratifying Freud's key premises.

†3. transitive. To confirm (a person) in faith or courage. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > [verb (transitive)] > confirm in

ratify1559

the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)] > confirm in courage

ratify1559

1559 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1824) I. ii. App. vi. 406 One chief pointe of spiritual government is to confirme his brethren, and ratifie them..by holsome doctryne.

1665 Ford's Most Famous Hist. Parismus: 2nd Pt. (new ed.) xxviii. 227 Those that were also maimed and wounded..were..every one kindly ratified [earlier edd. satisfied] by Marcellus.

4. transitive. To consummate (a marriage); to carry out, bring to fulfilment or completion. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > consummate (marriage)

consummate?c1525

ratify1561

the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)]

to make an endc893

afilleOE

endc975

fullOE

full-doOE

full-workOE

fullendOE

fullfremeOE

full-forthlOE

fillc1175

fulfilc1300

complec1315

asum1340

full-make1340

performa1382

finisha1400

accomplishc1405

cheve1426

upwindc1440

perfurnish?c1450

sumc1450

perimplish1468

explete?a1475

fullcome1477

consume1483

consomme1489

perimplenish1499

perfect1512

perfinish1523

complete1530

consummate1530

do1549

to run out1553

perfectionate1570

win1573

outwork1590

to bring about1598

exedifya1617

to do up1654

ratifyc1720

ultimate1849

terminate1857

1561 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 3 This deponent verilie belevis that the said matrimonie was neuer ratefied.

1562 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 76 The said Henrie Price did not ratifie the said matrymonie bie carnall copulacion.

c1720 Ship in a Storm vii Too soon the rolling Ruin came And ratify'd the Wreck.

1774 Mem. Unfortunate Lady of Quality I. i. 149 Wishing that the major's business was finished, which prevented him from ratifying his matrimonial engagements.

1974 Ogden (Utah) Standard-Examiner 24 Feb. 12 c/4 The boy can go right from the church to the courthouse and have his marriage annulled. But if he stops along the way to enjoy his wedding night, he has ratified the marriage.

†II. To set a rate.

5. transitive. To fix the rate or price of (goods). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > pricing > attach a price to [verb (transitive)] > set or fix price (of)

loveOE

prizea1325

setc1420

make1423

cheapa1464

price1471

ratify1511

to set up?1529

apprize1533

rate1599

to set down1599

pitch1624

tax1846

to charge1889

sale-price1959

1511 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 394 Corne or grayne that comith..to be sold in the market place shall be sold and ratiffied acording the plentines of the yere.

1526 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 402 Every man or woman which makith aquavitie, honied alle [or] singill alla to be ratiffied and sold, to paye the accostomid ratte to the silver boxe.

Derivatives

ˈratifiable adj.

ΚΠ

1917 Yale Law Jrnl. 26 607 (note) A gift of goods declared by statute void as to creditors was held valid and ratifiable, being voidable only by the creditors.

2001 Financial Times (Nexis) 8 Nov. 14 The job of putting the Kyoto protocol into ratifiable legal form ‘has to be done’.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ratify
释义	ratifyv. Brit. /ˈratᵻfʌɪ/, U.S. /ˈrædəˌfaɪ/ Forms: Middle English radefy, Middle English radifie, Middle English radyffy, Middle English radyfy, Middle English–1500s ratefye, Middle English–1500s ratifye, Middle English–1500s ratyfye, Middle English–1700s ratefie, Middle English–1700s ratifie, Middle English– ratify, 1500s ratiffy, 1500s ratyfy, 1500s retify, 1600s rattify, 1600s ratyfie, 1600s rayedefy; Scottish pre-1700 ratefe, pre-1700 ratefey, pre-1700 ratefi, pre-1700 ratefie, pre-1700 ratiefie, pre-1700 ratife, pre-1700 ratiffe, pre-1700 ratiffie, pre-1700 ratifie, pre-1700 ratifii, pre-1700 ratifye, pre-1700 ratyfe, pre-1700 ratyfy, pre-1700 retiffe, pre-1700 1700s– ratify, 1700s 1900s– raitifie, 1900s– ratifee. N.E.D. (1903) also records a form Middle English ratiffye. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ratifier. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French ratifier, ratefier, Middle French rateffier, reteffier to approve, confirm, accept as valid (1294 in Old French) < post-classical Latin ratificare to confirm or make valid (from 12th cent. in British sources; from 13th cent. in continental sources) < classical Latin ratus (see rate adj.¹) + -ficāre -fy suffix. Compare Italian ratificare (a1348). I. To confirm. 1. a. transitive. To confirm or validate (an act, agreement, gift, etc.) by giving formal consent, approval, or sanction (esp. to terms or arrangements drawn up by another party). Also occasionally intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > ratification or confirmation > confirm or ratify [verb (transitive)] confirm1297 ratify1357 endoss1381 approve1413 roborate?a1475 establish1533 justify1596 firm1599 rate?1611 affeera1616 tie1623 convalidate1656 sanction1778 accredit1826 countersign1840 endorse1847 the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement with [verb (transitive)] > make conclude or seal (an agreement) binda1300 smitec1330 takec1330 ratify1357 knitc1400 enter1418 obligea1522 agree1523 conclude1523 strike1544 swap1590 celebrate1592 rate?1611 to strike up1646 form1736 firm1970 J. Gaytryge Lay Folks' Catech. (York Min.) (1901) 98 The ercebisshop..ratifies [?a1450 Lamb. confirmys] als-so that othir men gifes. 1397 in J. Slater Early Scots Texts (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Edinb.) (1952) No. 34 Ovre lord the kyng sall conferme appreve & ratyfy [v.r. ratify] vndir his gret seyll all giftys [etc.]. a1450 (?c1421) J. Lydgate Siege Thebes (Arun.) (1911) 3349 We be come al for anoþer thyng..which we dar not opynly expresse with-oute that ȝe wold..Ȝoure graunt aforn conferme and ratefye. 1469 in J. Stuart & G. Burnett Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1884) VII. 618 We ratifii and approvis this charter in all poyntis. 1549 Duke of Somerset in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 174 Their agreament and conclusion to be established and ratified by Parlyament. 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin iii. 138 To ratifie..the auncient frendship with a new peace. 1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island i. iv. 2 When the shepherd-lads with common voice Their first consent had firmly ratifi'd. 1667 S. Pepys Diary 9 Aug. (1974) VIII. 378 He tells me..it is supposed the peace is ratified at Bredah. 1713 Boston News-let. 13 July 2/2 The following Gentlemen..appointed Commissioners to Ratify the Submission and Articles of Pacification Executed here by the said Indians. 1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 122 The endowment was ratified by the Pope's bull. 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece V. xxxviii. 69 Asking whether the Thebans would permit the Bœotian towns to ratify for themselves. 1840 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VII. lvi. 125 The compact was ratified by a solemn reconciliation between the contending parties. 1879 J. R. Green Readings Eng. Hist. xviii. 90 The terms which he had come to ratify had been settled beforehand. 1920 Glasgow Herald 29 Nov. 11/2 The British Government expects the Mejliss to meet within a month to decide whether it wishes to ratify the Anglo-Persian agreement. 1970 L. Deighton Bomber (1972) xxxiv. 468 The above-named has been found unsuitable for any further duties in aircrew capacity and his reduction from NCO rank has therefore been ratified by Air Ministry. 1997 Countryman Spring 168 Despite all the support the objectors received the fact remained that the Order had now been officially ratified—a new town was going to be built. †b. transitive. To confirm the possession of (land, goods, etc.). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1469 in J. Stuart & G. Burnett Exchequer Rolls Scotl. (1884) VII. 618 I ratyfy..al landis,..rentis and gudis..that my said gravntschir..giffis. 1561 J. Heywood tr. Seneca Hercules Furens sig. D8 But one my pompe and princely myght May ratifye, once ioynde to me with regall torche full bryght. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Macc. xi. 34 We haue ratified vnto them the borders of Iudea. View more context for this quotation 1850 W. B. D. D. Turnbull tr. in Hist. Memorials Coldstream Abbey 85 I and my heirs lawfully ratify the said land to the before-mentioned Sisters from that locality where Hesilhow falls into Dur. †c. transitive. To confirm, to guarantee or ensure the fulfilment of (a purpose, hope, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] > guarantee fast?a1160 pledge?a1439 assure1447 ensure1460 avouch1548 ratify1599 seal1628 underwrite1838 warrant1849 1599 E. Ford Parismenos vii. sig. H4^v Most noble King (quoth he) my humble desire is, that you wold without further doubt, ratifie that which I shall performe in the behalfe of the Princesse. 1605 M. Drayton Poems sig. Ii3^v The King suspending should he not consent, And ratifie the generall intent. ?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxiv. 270 Pray..that he will deine to vse His most lou'd bird, to ratifie thy hopes. 1649 E. Reynolds Israels Prayer (new ed.) vi. 91 God..onely can ratifie all our pious resolutions. 1757 T. Gray Ode II ii. iii, in Odes 18 Stamp we our vengeance deep, and ratify his doom. 1799 C. B. Brown Edgar Huntly I. viii. 175 The same blow that bereavedhim of life, has likewise ratified her doom. 1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham II. xx. 198 I fancied a perfection in her, and vowed an emulation in myself, which it was reserved for Time to ratify or deride. 1861 Amer. Agriculturist Jan. 15/3 Let our readers experiment and report, if the value of this method can be ratified. 2. transitive. To declare or confirm the truth or correctness of (a statement, etc.). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > attest, bear witness [verb (transitive)] > support, corroborate > on basis of authority confirmc1290 certify1330 approvec1380 authorizea1393 ratify?a1425 consignc1430 corroborate1530 attest1590 concredit1659 attestate1660 you can quote me1813 ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 156 Þe Pape hase ratified..my buke in all poyntes. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Confirmacion f. ix* They may then..with their owne mouth..ratifie and confesse the same. 1558 Dunkyn's Mortgage to Vicary in Vicary's Anat. (1888) App. iii. 139 The names..werre here red, ratefyed & allowyd. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 357 The prophesie..thus ratified by the euent. 1671 J. Webster Metallographia iii. 50 To ratifie this,..I shall relate what I my self have found. 1754 Bp. T. Sherlock Disc. (1759) I. i. 30 This Revelation..has been ratified by the blood of Christ and His Apostles. 1826 C. Lamb in New Monthly Mag. 16 520 The transitions in this episode are..as violent as in the most extravagant dream, and yet the waking judgment ratifies them. 1866 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 8 395 Lest it be supposed that he intelligently accepts and ratifies Colebrookes conclusions, as agreeing with the results of his own examination. 1906 Fort Wayne (Indiana) Sentinel 7 Mar. 4/3 Mr. Walsh went on to ratify the statement of Fred. M. Blount, that the report was not true. 1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 20 Apr. 72/4 When Cavell counter-intuitively asserts that a man typically retains his repressed childhood wish to be ‘buggered by his father’..she is willy-nilly ratifying Freud's key premises. †3. transitive. To confirm (a person) in faith or courage. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > [verb (transitive)] > confirm in ratify1559 the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)] > confirm in courage ratify1559 1559 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1824) I. ii. App. vi. 406 One chief pointe of spiritual government is to confirme his brethren, and ratifie them..by holsome doctryne. 1665 Ford's Most Famous Hist. Parismus: 2nd Pt. (new ed.) xxviii. 227 Those that were also maimed and wounded..were..every one kindly ratified [earlier edd. satisfied] by Marcellus. 4. transitive. To consummate (a marriage); to carry out, bring to fulfilment or completion. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > consummate (marriage) consummate?c1525 ratify1561 the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] to make an endc893 afilleOE endc975 fullOE full-doOE full-workOE fullendOE fullfremeOE full-forthlOE fillc1175 fulfilc1300 complec1315 asum1340 full-make1340 performa1382 finisha1400 accomplishc1405 cheve1426 upwindc1440 perfurnish?c1450 sumc1450 perimplish1468 explete?a1475 fullcome1477 consume1483 consomme1489 perimplenish1499 perfect1512 perfinish1523 complete1530 consummate1530 do1549 to run out1553 perfectionate1570 win1573 outwork1590 to bring about1598 exedifya1617 to do up1654 ratifyc1720 ultimate1849 terminate1857 1561 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 3 This deponent verilie belevis that the said matrimonie was neuer ratefied. 1562 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 76 The said Henrie Price did not ratifie the said matrymonie bie carnall copulacion. c1720 Ship in a Storm vii Too soon the rolling Ruin came And ratify'd the Wreck. 1774 Mem. Unfortunate Lady of Quality I. i. 149 Wishing that the major's business was finished, which prevented him from ratifying his matrimonial engagements. 1974 Ogden (Utah) Standard-Examiner 24 Feb. 12 c/4 The boy can go right from the church to the courthouse and have his marriage annulled. But if he stops along the way to enjoy his wedding night, he has ratified the marriage. †II. To set a rate. 5. transitive. To fix the rate or price of (goods). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > pricing > attach a price to [verb (transitive)] > set or fix price (of) loveOE prizea1325 setc1420 make1423 cheapa1464 price1471 ratify1511 to set up?1529 apprize1533 rate1599 to set down1599 pitch1624 tax1846 to charge1889 sale-price1959 1511 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 394 Corne or grayne that comith..to be sold in the market place shall be sold and ratiffied acording the plentines of the yere. 1526 Galway Arch. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 402 Every man or woman which makith aquavitie, honied alle [or] singill alla to be ratiffied and sold, to paye the accostomid ratte to the silver boxe. Derivatives ˈratifiable adj. ΚΠ 1917 Yale Law Jrnl. 26 607 (note) A gift of goods declared by statute void as to creditors was held valid and ratifiable, being voidable only by the creditors. 2001 Financial Times (Nexis) 8 Nov. 14 The job of putting the Kyoto protocol into ratifiable legal form ‘has to be done’. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.1357
随便看	look after one's fences look again look against look againward look ahead look alive look aloft look alow look and say lope-staff lope-way lopear lopeared lopeaves loped lopeholt lopeman loper loperamide lopers lopes lopeskonce lopestaff lopeway lopez-root