receivev.

Brit.

/rᵻˈsiːv/, U.S.

/rəˈsiv/,

/riˈsiv/

Forms:

α. Middle English reced (past participle, perhaps transmission error), Middle English receue, Middle English receuif (transmission error), Middle English recevy, Middle English recewe, Middle English receyfe, Middle English receywe, Middle English reconied (past participle, transmission error), Middle English resceiue, Middle English resceive, Middle English resceue, Middle English resceve, Middle English rescewe, Middle English resceyue, Middle English resceyve, Middle English rescheyue, Middle English rescheyve, Middle English reseiue, Middle English reseyu, Middle English reseyue, Middle English reseywe, Middle English resseiue, Middle English resseive, Middle English ressewe, Middle English resseyue, Middle English resseyve, Middle English resteyne (transmission error), Middle English 1600s reseue, Middle English–1500s receve, Middle English–1500s reseyve, Middle English–1600s receaue, Middle English–1600s receave, Middle English–1600s receiue, Middle English–1600s receyue, Middle English–1600s receyve, Middle English–1600s reseve, Middle English– receive, 1500s reiseue, 1500s resceavy, 1500s reseave, 1600s receiu, 1600s– recieve (now nonstandard), 1700s receeve; Scottish pre-1700 raceaue, pre-1700 receaive, pre-1700 receaue, pre-1700 receave, pre-1700 receawe, pre-1700 receiue, pre-1700 receiv, pre-1700 receiwe, pre-1700 receue, pre-1700 receve, pre-1700 recevve, pre-1700 receyue, pre-1700 receyve, pre-1700 recieve, pre-1700 recyeve, pre-1700 reseau, pre-1700 reseave, pre-1700 resef, pre-1700 resefe, pre-1700 reseive, pre-1700 reseue, pre-1700 reseuie, pre-1700 reseve, pre-1700 resewe, pre-1700 resseawe, pre-1700 ressef, pre-1700 resseff, pre-1700 1700s– receive.

β. Middle English rasawe, Middle English recaiue, Middle English recaue, Middle English rechaiue, Middle English resaf, Middle English resaif, Middle English resaiue, Middle English resayfe, Middle English resayffe, Middle English resayue, Middle English resaywe, Middle English rescaiue, Middle English rescayue, Middle English reschaife, Middle English reschayfe, Middle English ressaiue, Middle English ressave, Middle English ressavve, Middle English ressayfe, Middle English ressayue, Middle English ressayve, Middle English–1500s 1700s resave, Middle English–1500s ressaue, Middle English–1600s resaue, Middle English–1600s resayve, 1500s recayue, 1500s recayve, 1500s resaive, 1500s resawe (northern), 1500s resayff, 1500s–1600s recave; Scottish pre-1700 racaue, pre-1700 racave, pre-1700 rasaef, pre-1700 rasaf, pre-1700 rasaif, pre-1700 rasaiff, pre-1700 rasaue, pre-1700 rasave, pre-1700 rasave (past participle), pre-1700 rasaw, pre-1700 rasawe, pre-1700 rasawf, pre-1700 rasayff, pre-1700 rassaf, pre-1700 rassaif, pre-1700 rassaue, pre-1700 recaiue, pre-1700 recave, pre-1700 recawe, pre-1700 recayfe, pre-1700 recayve, pre-1700 recaywe, pre-1700 reccaue, pre-1700 resaf, pre-1700 resafe, pre-1700 resaffe, pre-1700 resaif, pre-1700 resaiff, pre-1700 resaiu, pre-1700 resaiue, pre-1700 resaiv, pre-1700 resaive, pre-1700 resaiwe, pre-1700 resaiyve, pre-1700 resaue, pre-1700 resauf, pre-1700 resauve, pre-1700 resav, pre-1700 resave, pre-1700 resavy, pre-1700 resaw, pre-1700 resawe, pre-1700 resayf, pre-1700 resayue, pre-1700 resayve, pre-1700 resaywe, pre-1700 reschaue, pre-1700 ressaf, pre-1700 ressafe, pre-1700 ressaffe, pre-1700 ressaif, pre-1700 ressaiue, pre-1700 ressaiv, pre-1700 ressaive, pre-1700 ressaue (past participle), pre-1700 ressaue, pre-1700 ressave, pre-1700 ressawe, pre-1700 ressayf, pre-1700 ressayve, pre-1700 rissave; Irish English 1800s resaive, 1800s resave.

γ. Middle English reciue, Middle English rescyue, Middle English resiue (past participle), Middle English resywe, Middle English reyciue, Middle English–1500s recyve, 1500s–1600s recive; Scottish pre-1700 ressive; N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English reciffe.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French receiver, receivre.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman receiver, receivre, recever, recevre, reseivre, ressaiver, resseiver, etc., and Old French (Northern) receivre (also influenced semantically by Anglo-Norman recoivere and Old French reciwre, reçoivre, and also (with change of conjugation, after verbs ending in -oir , e.g. percevoir perceive v.) Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French recevoir (second half of the 10th cent. as reciwre )) to welcome (a person), to give shelter to (a person) (second half of the 10th cent.), to take (something given by another person) into one's hands or one's possession (c1050), to have (a blow, wound, etc.) inflicted on one (c1100), to meet, welcome, or greet (a person) in a specified manner (first half of the 12th cent.), to experience (an emotion, e.g. joy) (second half of the 12th cent.), to undergo (baptism) (second half of the 12th cent.), to take (a wife) in marriage (second half of the 12th cent.), (of God) to listen to, hear (a prayer) (late 12th cent.), to suffer, undergo, be subjected to (something painful or unpleasant) (12th cent. in Anglo-Norman), to entertain (a person) (early 13th cent.), to accept (something) as true or valid, to accept (something) as an authority, rule, or practice (early 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to receive (the sacrament of the Eucharist) (first half of the 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to come into possession of (a city or country) (13th cent.), to admit (a person into a profession) (13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), (of remedies) to be made up of, to contain (13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), (in astrology) to accept (a planet into another planet's house or exaltation) (13th cent. used reflexively, end of the 15th cent. used passively), to be given (money) (late 13th cent. in Anglo-Norman), to admit (a person) to plead or give evidence (1283), to accept (a judgement, decision, etc.) as legal (end of the 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to accept (a person) in some capacity or relationship (c1300), to understand or interpret (a text, statement, etc.) in a certain way (beginning of the 14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to permit (a response in a trial) as legal (early 14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to accept delivery of, be the recipient of (a letter) (second half of the 14th cent.), to learn, obtain (a piece of news) (second half of the 14th cent.), to be given (instruction) (late 14th cent.), to have (some quality, attribute, or property) given or conferred on one (late 14th cent.), to meet (an enemy) with resistance (end of the 14th cent.), to take (an item of food) in by the mouth (early 15th cent.), to admit (a person) to (one's presence) (1665 in the passage translated in quot. 1687 at sense 8b, or earlier), in Anglo-Norman also to harbour (a criminal) (mid 12th cent. or earlier) < classical Latin recipere to admit, to give shelter to, to entertain, to admit (a person to friendship, citizenship, or other status), to count among, to allow to enter, have room for, (of remedies) to be made up of, to gain possession of, acquire, to have given to one, be in receipt of, to accept, to accept as credible, to approve, allow, to adopt in practice, to undertake, to withdraw, to rescue, to recover, get back, to except, in post-classical Latin also to suffer, undergo (3rd cent.), to receive (in marriage) (5th cent.), to receive (the sacrament of the Eucharist) (7th cent., 16th cent. in British sources), to hear, grant (9th cent.), to learn (1326 in a British source); < re- re- prefix + capere to take: see capture n.). Compare conceive v., deceive v., perceive v.Compare Old Occitan, Occitan recebre (mid 11th cent.), Catalan rebre (late 13th cent., showing loss of medial syllable; mid 11th cent. as †recebre ), Spanish recibir (1100), Portuguese receber (11th cent.), Italian ricevere (a1292). The principal distinction between the senses of the word in English is that between the more active senses included in the earlier branches and the almost passive ones placed at IV. This distinction, however, is not always clear in actual use, and it is often difficult or impossible to determine which aspect of the word is meant to be prominent in particular instances. Owing to the very extensive use of the verb from the 14th cent. onwards, there is also much overlapping of its various applications, and in many examples it is uncertain whether a specific or merely general sense is intended. In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix).

I. To admit or accept (a person or thing).

a. transitive. To accept (something) as an authority, rule, or practice; to admit the truth or validity of. Cf. received adj. 1. Now chiefly in religious contexts.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)]

yknowOE

knowc1175

takec1175

undergoc1315

receive1318

takea1333

allowc1350

accept1439

admitc1449

recognize1509

concedea1513

adhibit1542

allow1548

yieldc1571

acquiescatea1586

yield1590

gratify1662

1318 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 108/2 Sua that suilk essonȝie be resavit in court..in presens of the essonȝeouris.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xvi. 21 These men..schewen a custom, the which it is not leueful to vs for to receyue [L. suscipere].

a1450 (a1397) Prol. Old Test. (Harl. 1666) in Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (1850) 2 Holy chirche resceyueth not siche bookis.

1482 W. Caxton Trevisa's Higden v. xiv. 250 b But he plesyd her and other that had resseyued his lawe in this maner [etc.].

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. x. 99 And mychty Rome syne eftir mony ane day Sik ois rasavit has.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxii. 211 This word egar is as much to say as to wander or stray out of the way, which in our English is not receiued.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §104 This Computation of Eight, is a thing rather receiued, than any true Computation.

1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 21 This appear's plain in the Imperial Law; nor do wee know of any Nation where it is not received.

1709 G. Berkeley Ess. New Theory of Vision §131. 152 An Axiom universally receiv'd.

1790 W. Paley Horæ Paulinæ in Wks. (1825) III. 263 These books were not only received from the beginning, but received with the greatest respect.

1867 J. A. Froude Short Stud. II. 17 It is a gratuitous impertinence to quarrel with the proofs of a conclusion which it is so desirable that all should receive.

1884 D. Hunter tr. E. Reuss Hist. Canon xvii. 349 The duty of approving and receiving Scripture.

1919 I. T. Beckwith Apocalypse of John 82 It may be questioned whether as a historical fact the essence of a single fundamental truth was received by the Hebrews in this way.

1999 A. E. McGrath Reformation Thought (ed. 3) 152 There was a consensus that Scripture was to be received as if it were God himself speaking.

†b. transitive. To give credit to; to believe. Also intransitive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > accept as true, believe [verb (transitive)]

ylevec888

leve971

ween971

i-weneOE

takec1175

trowc1175

truth?c1250

thinka1275

believec1300

trustc1325

hold1340

trist1340

to give (one's) faith to (also unto)c1405

accept?c1430

admitc1449

credencea1529

to take a person at his (also her) word1535

credit1547

faith1576

to take a person's word1576

receive1581

creed1596

understand1751

Adam and Eve1925

buy1926

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xi. 14 Ȝif ȝe wolen resseyuen [L. recipere], he is Ely that is to cume.

1538 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Sarcerius Common Places of Script. f. cxcii To sclaundre the true gospell, & to receyue false opinions.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 68 Of opinion that your bare braules, shalbe receaved as infallible truthes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iv. 189 I will..driue the Gentleman (as I know his youth will aptly receiue it) into a most hideous opinion [etc.] .

1692 G. Burnet Serm. 22 I form..too bright an Idea to be easily received by such as did not know him.

a1698 C. Marshall Sion's Travellers Comforted (1704) 133 Sorrow comes on many daily, who have received false Reports of an innocent People.

1785 W. Cowper Task v. 855 They..speak in ears That hear not or receive not their report.

1868 R. Browning Ring & Bk. II. vi. 249 This stupid lie, Its liar never dared propound in Rome, He gets Arezzo to receive.

c. transitive. To give assent to, to pass (a law). Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legislation > make (laws) or establish as law [verb (transitive)] > pass a (law)

receivea1538

pass1667

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 11 Lawys..receyvyd & stablyschyd for the mayntenaunce..of vertue.

1686 F. Philipps Investigatio Jurium Antiquorum xxix. 576 The Speaker of the House of Commons presented a Bill on the behalf of Thomas Brooke against William Widecombe;..which Bill was received, and the said William Widecombe was notwithstanding bound in a 1000 pound to hear his Judgment in Chancery.

1757 tr. Abbé Reynal Short View Hist. Eng. viii. 228 The Bill of exclusion was prepared, and immediately received by the Commons, and afterwards carried up to the Lords.

1888 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion (new ed.) I. iv. 471 The greatest invitation to the House of Commons so irregularly to receive [1702 Revive] that bill to remove the bishops.

1932 H. L. Gray Infl. Commons on Early Legislation x. 346 The bills ‘pur especials persones’ were..group bills; and such had long been received by the commons.

2005 D. F. McKenzie & M. Bell Chronol. & Cal. Documents London Bk. Trade III. 216 The Bill was received by the Lords the following day.

a. transitive. To take or accept (a person) in some capacity or relationship. With as (also †for, †to, †to be) or with simple predicate. to receive in marriage = to take in marriage at marriage n. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > have social communication with [verb (transitive)] > admit (a person) into relation with oneself

receivec1330

the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)] > a person

receivec1330

admitc1410

commit1598

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > receive or accept as or into some relation > a person

receivec1330

accept1397

c1330 Horn Child 266 in J. Hall King Horn (1901) 182 (MED) Houlac king was wel hende, Ressaiued hem niȝen..Her maister for to be.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 2709 (MED) As for my Sone and for myn Eir I thee receive.

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 3478 (MED) Alexander..Resayued to his riche quene Rosan his doȝtir.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xiii. vii. 79 I the ressaue..As son in law and successour to me.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome iv. ii Oure progenitouris contempnit nocht strangearis, bot ressauit þame to be kingis.

1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. vii. 16 b One of the Moores, which was receiued for Pilot.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 219 Conran receaueng in mariage Ada the sister of Ambrose.

1644 in S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Islands (1822) 602 The Assyze being recavit, sworn and admittit.

1654 E. Wolley tr. ‘G. de Scudéry’ Curia Politiæ 79 He was chearfully received Generall to that victorious Army.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 883 Why then Didst thou at first rec [e] ive me for thy husband?

1747 Minutes Grand Comm. St. Thomas's Hosp. (MS.) July An application was made to this Committee to receive a young man as ‘Pupil or Dresser’ in the Hospital.

1769 F. Brooke Hist. Emily Montague IV. cxxix. 70 Tell her..that I will receive her as my guardian angel.

1835 O. Pratt in Utah Gen. & Hist. Mag. (1938) 29 34 I baptized Sarah Marinda Bates, near Sacketts Harbor, whom I received in marriage upwards of one year after.

1855 E. B. Pusey Doctr. Real Presence Note S. 84 We may receive the good Lord as our indweller.

1903 A. C. Plowden Grain of Chaff? ii. 19 I was consigned to the care of a clergyman in Yorkshire, who had a small school and received a certain number of Indian children as boarders.

1998 Sunday Tel. 25 Jan. (Review section) 1/1 In my hand I clutched an envelope containing my diplomatic credentials, in which the President asks the Queen to receive me as his representative.

†b. transitive. To admit (a person) to plead or give evidence. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > pleading > maintain by argument in court [verb (transitive)] > admit a plea or pleader

receive1503

1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 14 §6 Every such infourmour..shalbe receyved to sue vppon the seid matter by informacion.

1533 T. More Apologye xli. f. 228^v Why shold we fynde so greate a fawte, that suche wytnesse sholde be receyued in a cause of heresye, as are receyued not onely in a cause of treason, but of murder also?

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Lll2^v/2 He in the reuersion commeth in, and prayeth to be receiued to defend the land, and to plead with the Demandant.

1647 Ld. Clarendon Hist. Rebellion iv. §130 The law was clear that less than two witnesses ought not [to] be received in case of treason.

1717 W. Nelson Law Evid. viii. 149 Several Witnesses were received and allowed, to prove that William Maynard did at several Times discourse and declare the same Things..that he testified now.

1795 C. Runnington Hist. Legal Remedy by Ejectment 378 In no case, not even in that of a settlement, can a wife be received to give evidence, tending to criminate her husband.

3. To admit to a place; esp. to give accommodation or shelter to; to harbour.

a. transitive. With personal object and in (also into, within) (a house, city, one's arms, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > let in > let in a person

to let inc1000

receivea1382

to take inc1450

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > let in > let in a person > specifically of a place

receivea1382

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) Judges xix. 15 When þei entrydyn þei setyn in þe strete of þe citee & no man hem wolde resceyuyn in hous [a1425 L.V. resseyue..to herbore; L. recipere..hospitio].

a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 22 Oþir tenauntis of þe lord shall resceyve me into þere housis.

c1475 tr. C. de Pisan Livre du Corps de Policie (Cambr.) (1977) 158 (MED) He..prayed theim that they wolde receyue him in to their citee.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) John vi. f. cxxviij Then wolde they have receaved hym into the shippe.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccliiij The Senate refused to make surrender or to receiue a power into the citie.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 20 Another gate..by which passengers are receiued into the City by night.

a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iii. sig. G3^v Receive these Indians, lately sent him from Virginia, into your house.

1713 J. Addison Cato i. ii To-morrow should we thus express our friendship, Each might receive a slave into his arms.

1775 J. Ash New Dict. Eng. Lang. Snuggle, to receive into the bosom, to receive into a snug place.

1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iv. xxi. 112 Either receive within thy towers Two hundred of my master's powers, Or [etc.].

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 430 The Reception Order of a justice is sufficient authority to take the patient to, and to receive him in an asylum, or to detain him there if he has already been removed on an Urgency Order.

1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love xxvii. 411 The passion of gratitude with which he received her into his soul..could never be understood by her.

2003 E. Powell tr. S. Jamal Arabian Flavours 205 Every woman has permission, or the right, to receive her friends into the house, one day a month.

b. transitive. Without prepositional phrase. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > providing with dwelling > [verb (transitive)] > provide with temporary accommodation

innOE

harbourc1150

gestena1300

guestc1330

hostelc1330

receivec1384

sojourn1390

harbry14..

shroudc1450

bestow1577

accommodate1592

board1600

quarter1603

stow1607

to put up1635

billet1637

lodge1741

room1840

to fix (a person) up1889

summer-board1889

shack1927

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > seek (refuge) [verb (transitive)] > shelter > specifically a person, esp. fugitive

receiptc1300

resetc1300

harbour?a1366

receivec1384

harbry14..

recept1472

receive1533

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxviii. 7 Puplius..the which resceyuynge [L. suscipiens] vs thre dayes benygnely..fond vs.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. 1287 (MED) To his In..He goth him straght and was resceived.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 2252 Beside þe bath, a temple he dight..þe folk to resceyue & serue.

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 43 (MED) Men resceyued þere all manere of fugityfes of oþer places for here euyl dedes.

1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Occultator A place meete to receyue and hide theeues in.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. iv. 91 Take heede what ghests you receiue, receiue (saies he) no swaggering companions.

1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 24 Sept. (1855) 53 Nae hostler, heritor or yeoman..shall ressaive any such maisterless or idle man.

1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 8 It..drove out the Spanish Garrison, and receiv'd a French one.

1757 A. R. Curiosities of Paris iv. 62 General Hospital, is a small Distance from the City... They receive all Kinds of Patients upon Application, such as Women with Child, Foundlings, Orphans, and Lunatics.

1846 Penny Cycl. Suppl. II. 165/2 A married woman also shall not be liable to conviction for receiving her husband.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Guinevere in Idylls of King 232 O peaceful Sisterhood, Receive, and yield me sanctuary.

1932 T. E. Lawrence tr. Homer Odyssey xiii I made for a Phoenician ship and laid suit to its grave masters, paying them liberally from my war-spoil to receive me aboard and set me down either at Pylos or in Elis the Epean headquarters.

1990 Opera Now May 22/2 For deservedly expensive table linens, Giorgio Calligaris..receives by appointment, while Loretta Caponi in the Borgo Ognissanti caters to the bed and boudoir.

c. transitive. With non-personal object and adverbial complement.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > seek (refuge) [verb (transitive)] > shelter > specifically a person, esp. fugitive

receiptc1300

resetc1300

harbour?a1366

receivec1384

harbry14..

recept1472

receive1533

1533 T. Paynell tr. U. von Hutten De Morbo Gallico sig. C8^v Medicines receyued into the body, whan they had ben kept in the lower partis, were driuen back again into the heed.

1545 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 10 The said pryse of Portingal takin be the saidis Franchemen may be ressavit in this realm.

1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Gv^v A large & wyde sea, which..receaueth in shyppes towardes euery parte of the lande.

1647 J. Hall Poems i. 65 What dost thou thinke I can retaine All this and sprout it out againe? As a surcharged Whale doth spew Old Rivers to receive in new.

1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 284 Let them lie..in the Sun to mortifie them a little, that they may the better receive in the Salt.

1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 191 No Bleechers shall receive into their Bleecheries any Linens which are not so mark'd.

1781 S. Johnson Watts in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets VIII. 17 His Logick has been received into the universities.

1896 W. H. Hutton Philip Augustus v. 116 The bishop of Limoges did homage..and his see was received into the king's direct domain.

1969 R. Renehan Greek Textual Crit. 27 As the rarer verb, it is a lectio difficilior and should be received into the text here.

1994 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 26 Dec. a18/2 How many imports, by dollar volume, do we receive into our state, and how many man-hours does it require to produce those?

a. transitive. To admit (a person or thing) to (also into, in, etc.) a state, condition, privilege, occupation, etc. (Now only in sense 4b.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > introduction or bringing in > introduce or bring something in [verb (transitive)] > receive or imbibe

receivec1384

conceivea1450

catch1533

suck1586

to suck ina1640

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mark v. 37 He resceyuede [a1425 L.V. took; L. admisit] not ony man to sue him, no but Petre and James and John.

a1425 Ordination of Nuns (Lansd.) in E. A. Kock Rule St. Benet (1902) 141 (MED) This is þe furme how A Nouice sall be made & resaiuid to religiun.

c1450 (c1370) G. Chaucer A.B.C. (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 35 Herebefore ful often Vn-to mercy hastow receyved me.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 127 He resauit him till his pes.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) ix. 523 The chiftanis in hy can ta Thair way to buttill, for till be Resauit in-to gude savite.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxxii[i]. 24 Thou ledest me with thy councel, and afterwarde receauest me vnto glory.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 314 The king forgyues him, and receaues him in his fauour.

a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 371* We..do crave to be received and adopted into the same Lawes and Priviledges which your other Subjects enjoy.

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ Ded. The greatest ambition of the Author of it, is, to have it received into your Patronage and Protection.

1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi iii. i. iv. 55/2 Those who are betrusted to receive Men unto Ordinances in Churches.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1784 II. 579 [Johnson] Receive me, at my death, to everlasting happiness.

1864 M. E. Braddon Henry Dunbar II. 211 A lady whom she used to receive to music lessons.

b. transitive. spec. To admit (a person) to membership of a society, class, organization, etc. Usually with into; also with †among.In later use esp. with reference to the Roman Catholic Church.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > [verb (transitive)] > admit to membership of a society

receive1389

take?a1425

admit1713

1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 21 (MED) No brother ne sister shal be resceyued into yis gilde bot by ye Alderman and xii bretheren of ye gilde.

a1450 Rule St. Benet (Vesp.) (1902) 2201 Fro time þai resauyd be, All salbe sarued in o degre.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome iv. ii Haue we nocht ressauit sindri of the house of Claudius..amang þe nowmer of patricianis?

1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 5th Serm. sig. Pii They that wyl not for the offyce sake receyue other, regarde more the flese then the flocke.

1640 in W. Stevenson Presbyterie Bk. Kirkcaldie (1900) 159 Being frequentlie convened, the bailies and elders of the said burgh resaved Mr. Andro verie willinglie.

1679 tr. Trag. Hist. Jetzer 2 He intreated the Fathers..to Receive him into their Covent.

1724 D. Waterland Crit. Hist. Athanasian Creed vi. 89 One may..infer, that This Creed was not received into the Roman Offices so early as the year 809.

1742 in J. O. Payne Old Eng. Catholic Missions (1889) 28 Dec. 15. I received into the Church Margarite Stabler of Thornton, wife of Will. Stabler.

1843 Baptist Reporter Jan. 48 Forty-five persons have been received by immersion into the church.

1894 J. S. Forsyth Forms of Service Church of Scotl. 42 Your brethren in office will receive you into the Kirk-Session by giving you the right hand of fellowship.

1933 A. White Frost in May i. 8 I'm a convert... I was only received into the Church a year ago.

1965 in W. Schneemelcher New Test. Apocr. II. xi. 77 The apostolic secret tradition..is accessible..to all those who have been received into the church..as full Christians.

1986 E. Longford Pebbled Shore (1988) xiii. 196 Father Wulfstan was ready to receive him into the Catholic Church.

2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 17 Dec. 19/3 His father, Isaac d'Israeli,..had his four children received into the Anglican Church when Disraeli was twelve.

a. transitive. To take, accept, regard, hear, etc. (something offered or presented, or to which attention is given) in a specified manner or with a specified expression of feeling; to accord such a reception.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > follow (a course of behaviour) [verb (transitive)] > receive anything with specific behaviour

receivea1393

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 2319 (MED) Thessamplerie Of Arisippe is wel received, And thilke of Diogene is weyved.

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 172 (MED) He toke not to hevynesse the damagis that hym befell, but..ham rescewyth lyghtly.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xvj His bokes are ioyfullye receiued and red of good and well learned men.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet ii. ii. 130 But how hath she receiu'd his loue?

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 503 Thus they win Great numbers of each Nation to receave With joy the tidings brought from Heav'n.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 287 This, tho' a known Truth to any, who knew any thing of the Law, was received with Noise and Clamour.

1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Pref. sig a The great Approbation, with which so polite a nation as France has received the Satyrical and Burlesque Dictionary of Monsieur Le Roux [etc.].

1815 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry (rev. ed.) I. ii. i. 47 Persons who either took or pretended to take, some interest in my affairs, have urged me very much to depart a little from my usual way, and make use of a little irony;..for, in this case, it would be received better, and procure more readers.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §8. 105 The brutal murder was received with a thrill of horror throughout Christendom.

a1902 S. Butler Way of All Flesh (1903) xlvi. 208 The essay..created quite a sensation, and on the whole was well received.

1951 W. Lewis Rotting Hill i. 2 He would have insisted upon holding divine service anglo-catholicly for English passengers, with a parade of Roman formularies, which..would not have been well received.

1991 Times Educ. Suppl. 15 Mar. 24/4 Jargon is severely discouraged, as are acronyms. My use of the term ‘interpersonal skills’ was received with frosty amusement.

b. transitive. To take, accept, or understand (a thing) to be, regard or interpret as. With as, †for.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > consider to be, account as

telleOE

talec897

seeOE

letc1000

holdc1200

reckon1340

aima1382

accounta1387

counta1387

judgec1390

takea1400

countc1400

receivec1400

existimatec1430

to look on ——?c1430

makec1440

reputea1449

suppose1474

treatc1485

determinea1513

recount?c1525

esteem1526

believe1533

estimate?1533

ascribe1535

consider1539

regard1547

count1553

to look upon ——1553

take1561

reck1567

eye?1593

censure1597

subscribe1600

perhibit1613

behold1642

resent1642

attributea1657

fancy1662

vogue1675

decount1762

to put down1788

to set down1798

rate1854

have1867

mean1878

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > view in a certain way

findOE

telllOE

to take for ——a1393

receivec1400

notec1440

reputec1475

esteem1532

estimate1609

relish1617

set1648

resent1649

contemplate1785

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xv. 502 (MED) Now is routhe to rede how þe red noble Is reuerenced or þe Rode, receyued for þe worthier Þan crystes crosse.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 103 Man may in his lady tak sic delyt..And for his hevin rassaif hir cullour quhyt.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 259 This he for a takne ressaiuet and sygne, that the end of his lyfe was at hande.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. i. 126 This from a dying man receiue as certaine.

1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 473 These words I as a Prophecy receive .

1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 187. ⁋1 The Doctrine is received amongst you as Orthodox.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. iii. 81 Which Theodosian code was the only book of civil law received as authentic in the western part of Europe till many centuries after.

a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) III. iv. 58 He thought it a very degrading alliance; and Lady Russell..received it as a most unfortunate one.

1835 J. Waterworth Exam. Princ. Protestantism 95 Did this unrivalled Biblist acknowledge any writings as divine, which the Jews did not receive as canonical?

1861 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) 20 Apr. 185/2 The sufferings of Mr. Bennett..would scarcely be received as an excuse..for a non-issue of the Herald.

1931 Fortune Aug. 52/1 The long pipe line was received as the seven-league boots of the industry.

1984 K. Chase Eros & Psyche Introd. 3 What the Victorians offer as reasons, we receive as rationalizations.

2006 Time Out N.Y. 13 July 109/4 Haneke's dour blast is commonly received as the conclusion of a ‘trilogy of glaciation’ (in the director's own words).

II. spec. To admit or accept (a person) into one's company; to meet, welcome.

6. transitive. To meet, welcome or greet (a person) in a specified manner.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use courteous actions or expressions to [verb (transitive)] > welcome > meet on arrival > in specific manner

receivec1330

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 3376 (MED) Al, þat euer wald þider gon, Curteyseliche were ressaiued anon.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 298 The moder of the Sowdan..Receyueth hire with also glad a cheere.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. (1482) ccxliii. 287 Our kynge with al his lordes goodly and worshipfully hym resceyued and welcomed hym.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) ii. 163 He resawyt him in gret daynte.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 5297 Þo prise men two Wentte with þat worthy vnto his won riche, Receyuit with reuerence & renke of astate.

1585 R. Grenville Voy. Made in R. Hakluyt Principal Navigations XIII. 296 At the landing of our Generall, the Spanish Gouernour receiued him very courteously, and the Spanish Gentlemen saluted our English Gentlemen, and their inferiour sort did also salute our Souldiers and Sea men.

c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 10 The Queene of Scottes..was richly receaved, and rode thorowe London.

1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso 418 This Duke visited..Prospero Colonna, of whom he was received with all sorts of honour.

a1719 J. Addison Dialogues Medals in Wks. (1721) I. ii. 484 Well received among the Prætorian guards, and afterwards declared their Emperor.

1782 F. Burney Cecilia II. iii. ix. 118 Mrs. Delvile received her with the most distinguished politeness.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 101 The lord mayor came to quell the tumult, but was received with cries of ‘No wooden gods’.

1853 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches (1873) II. i. i. 30 Attila..had received the Roman ambassadors, as a barbarian indeed, but as a king.

1900 J. Conrad Lord Jim i. 2 A..shop..where her [sc. a ship's] commander is received like a brother by a ship-chandler.

1979 C. P. Snow Coat of Varnish III. xxvii. 222 Thirkill received him with the overwhelming heartiness of a politician on the rise.

2001 R. G. Castro Chicano Folklore 193 Cortés was well received because he was thought to be Quetzalcoatl and the conquest of the Aztecs by the Spaniards was legitimized.

7. To treat (a person) in a familiar or friendly manner; to welcome and entertain as a guest, esp. at one's home.

a. transitive. In religious contexts, with reference to the acceptance of a person (or humankind) by God, or of Christ by a person (or by humankind).

ΚΠ

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John i. 11 He cam in to his owne thingis, and hise receyueden [L. receperunt] not him.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 236 Þouȝe he to-day fro hys god weyue, To-morwe hys god wyl hym receyue.

a1450 Pater Noster Richard Ermyte (Westm. Sch. 3) (1967) 44 (MED) Þouȝ þe synful..neuer so ofte haþ synned, turne hym to me & I hym wole resceyue.

a1500 Gospel of Nicodemus (Harl. 149) (1974) 117 (MED) Lorde, y worschyp the, for thou hast resseyued me and suffryst that myne enemyes come not vppon me.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xlviii. [xlix.] 15 God shal deliuer my soule from the power of hell, when he receaueth me.

1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 87 Aduert till Goddis word and Discipline, Ressaif his Sone.

1606 G. Downame Funerall Serm. 28 He that thus receiueth Christ, is esteemed of God.

1668 J. Owen Pract. Expos. 130th Psalm in Wks. (1851) VI. 415 What love and tenderness there is in God to receive us.

1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. III. 53 God..could not so receive and assert an Impostor.

1797 J. Pearson Twelve Serm. iv. 46 Not to embrace and receive Jesus Christ when offered to us in the gospel, is a most heinous sin.

1852 Ld. Tennyson Ode Wellington 281 God accept him, Christ receive him.

1955 B. Graham Secret of Happiness 74 When we have properly confessed and renounced our sins and by faith received Christ into our hearts, then we receive a new heart from God.

1985 J. Wimber & K. Springer Power Evangelism ix. 140 Terms like ‘Trinity’ and ‘receiving Christ as Saviour’ are not found in the New Testament either, yet few object to their use.

b. transitive. In general contexts.Now usually implying some degree of formality.

ΚΠ

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4939 (MED) I receiud [Trin. Cambr. serued] þam and warnd ham noght Of alle thing þai me be-soght.

c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 339 Anoon as we haue yow receyved [c1475 Bodl. 638 continues Certenly we ben deceyuyd].

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 303 The other prisoners..went to see the king at their pleasure, and were receyued onely vpon their faythes.

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Cor. xi. 16 Let no man thinke mee a foole; if otherwise, yet as a foole receiue me.

1692 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 429 The lord mayor has declared no coffee men in London shall receive guests on Sunday.

1703 R. Steele Tender Husband i. i He is a Gentleman so Receiv'd, so Courted, and so Trusted.

1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 81 A waif, Desirous to return, and not received.

1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xiii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 280 It could not discommode you to receive any of his Grace's visiters or mine.

1885 M. Collins Prettiest Woman in Warsaw I. ii. 29 ‘She shall be received at my house’ said Prince Sacha.

1908 Westm. Gaz. 14 Feb. 6/3 The Empress was sufficiently well two or three days ago to receive Count Schouvaloff... This is the first audience the illustrious malade has given for some months.

1981 A. Schlee Rhine Journey x. 130 She was preparing to be a hostess again: to receive to her abode admittedly a mere policeman, but a policeman.

2000 C. Achebe Home & Exile 11 Our home was open to them all, and my father received his peers and relatives..with kola nut and palm-wine in that piazza, just as my mother received her visitors in the parlour.

†c. transitive. Astrology. With reference to the acceptance of one planet into another planet's house, exaltation, or other dignity. Cf. reception n. 1a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > heavenly body > as influence on mankind > influence [verb (transitive)] > receive

receivec1400

c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §4. 19 The lord of the ascendent..is..in a succedent, where-as he is in his dignite & conforted with frendly aspectys of planetes & [wel] resceiued.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 209 O fieble Moone..Thow knyttest thee ther thow nart nat receyued.

1583 J. Harvey Astrol. Addition sig. D5^v Immediatly after the terme or end of these effects, Mercury shall receiue both Saturne and Iupiter.

1676 W. Lilly Anima Astrologiæ 21 When the Moon is joyned to any planet that receives her, then that planet commits its disposition to her.

1728 J. Thomson Spring 3 From Aries rolls the bounteous Sun, And the bright Bull receives Him.

1784 E. Sibly New & Compl. Illustr. Astrol. (new ed.) ii. 300 If it shall happen that the Moon or lord of the ascendant be joined to a malefic planet, and an unfortunate planet receives them, the querent will then obtain his desire.

d. intransitive. To welcome and entertain visitors; to hold receptions.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [verb (intransitive)] > hold reception

receive1830

society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > visit [verb (intransitive)] > receive visitors

to sit up1777

receive1830

1830 B. Disraeli Let. 14 July (1982) I. 136 Mrs Brackenbury ‘receives’ every evening... It is agreeable to take refuge in a house which is literally a palace covered with pictures.

1855 J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon xxviii. 445 He declared that she should be crowned with him, and that she should receive at his side.

1877 World 7 No. 180. 4 He goes into society, or, what is still more agreeable to him, receives at home.

1902 H. James Wings of Dove ix. xxxii. 499 ‘I'm commissioned to ask you from her to go and see her.’.. He was..bewildered. ‘Then she can receive—?’

1961 F. O'Connor Let. Aug. in Habit of Being (1980) 447 I am writing a longish story in the morning & receiving on the front porch in the afternoon.

1990 N. De Mille Gold Coast ii. ix. 90 You must forgive us for not calling on you, but we weren't certain if you were settled in and receiving.

a. transitive. To meet (a person) with signs of welcome or salutation; to greet or acknowledge (someone) on arrival or entrance. See also sense 6.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use courteous actions or expressions to [verb (transitive)] > welcome > meet on arrival

keep1340

receivec1384

recounterc1500

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) Deeds xxviii. 30 He receyuede [L. suscipiebat] alle that entriden to him.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 15059 (MED) Þe receiues þin aun folk, And welcums þe hame.

c1430 J. Lydgate Select. Minor Poems (1840) 3 Alle of assent..Ther noble Kyng were glad to resseyve.

c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 578 (MED) He was resseyued and rychely dyȝt And wyste of no treson.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxliii. 287 The dukes sone of Barre with a fayre meyny resseyued this worthy lady.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. vi. 4 b Ther came with him..captaines and Ianissaries to receiue the Ambassadour.

1633 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 14 [To] go to Sanctandrois to sie the archiebischop of Glasgow ressauit thair.

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World vi. 158 The Indian neighbourhood..were our fast friends, and ready to receive and assist us.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 254 The City of London made great Preparations to receive the King.

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. lxxii. 258 She shot to the stairs-head to receive him.

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lxxxiii. 118 The great Intelligences fair That range above our mortal state..Received and gave him welcome there.

1883 Howells in Harper's Mag. Dec. 81/1 You stay here and receive him, Nettie.

1902 O. Wister Virginian xxxvi. 500 Mrs. Wood, waiting in her parlor, had embraced her daughter and received her son-in-law.

1983 J. F. Hendry Sacred Threshold ii. 21 Rilke went boldly to the castle there, introduced himself and was received by Prince Thurn.

†b. transitive. To admit to one's presence. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 85 The Grand Signior..is willing first to see what he hath brought, before he receive him to Audience [Fr. deuant que de le receuoir à l'audience].

III. To take (in) or accept (something); to permit (something) to be done, submit.

a. transitive. To take into one's hands or one's possession (something offered or given by another); to take delivery of (something) from another, either for oneself or for a third party. Also intransitive, occasionally with of.This sense is distinguished from sense 10a in that the notion of taking into one's possession is here more significant than that of acceptance.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > accept

onfangeOE

fangOE

to take with ——lOE

takec1175

understandc1200

afangc1275

receivec1330

accepta1382

'lowa1382

except1393

to take up1570

to take a person up on (something)1807

to take up1810

c1330 Roland & Vernagu (Auch.) (1882) 125 When charls had reseiued þat þing, He bisouȝt ihu..to wite..Ȝif þe relikes verray were.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1260 (MED) William..receyued of þat riche duk realy his swerde.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mark xii. 2 A man..sente..a seruaunt, that he schulde receyue [v.r. take; a1425 L.V. resseyue; L. acciperet] of the fruyt.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7746 (MED) Nou her i leue þe kinges glaiue, Yee send a man at it receiue [Gött. rescayue].

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 2230 (MED) Þe lytulle childus honde he streyȝte forthe þo To resayue þat tapre wyth þe lyȝt.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 1134 ‘Here ys my glove’..‘I resceyve youre glove,’ seyde sir Launcelot.

1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aiiii^v This kyth and this castell Firth forest and fell..Ressaue as your awin.

1539 Bible (Great) Matt. xvii. 24 They that vse to receaue tribute-money cam to Peter.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. ii. 40 He would haue giuen it you, but I being in the way, Did in your name receiue it.

1657 Bp. H. King Exequy in Poems (1843) 34 And for sweet flowres to crown thy hearse, Receive a strew of weeping verse.

a1744 A. Pope Wks. (1751) IV. 339 Aw'd, on my bended knees I fell, Receiv'd the weapons of the sky.

1797 Encycl. Brit. III. 391/2 The receipt..must be signed by the person receiving.

a1822 P. B. Shelley Cyclops in Posthumous Poems (1824) 347 He..Received it, and at one draught drank it off.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 210 In one cold passive hand Received at once and laid aside the gems.

1876 J. Grant Hist. Burgh Schools Scotl. ii. xiv. 478 Fastern's E'en when the Master received from the boys a small contribution under the name of Cock-Money.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 938/1 No licensed teacher now could or would receive a body without a medical certificate and a warrant from the inspector of anatomy.

1987 R. Mistry Tales from Firozsha Baag 28 Every morning I receive her milk and bread so she does not have to wake up early.

b. transitive. Of a god: to take (a soul, spirit, etc.) to himself in death. Cf. sense 10.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [verb (transitive)] > receive into

receivec1330

assume1436

assumpt1530

enheaven1848

c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 4222 (MED) Mahoun, Gouin, and Gibiter, Reseue now me saule her, For wel ich wot, ich am dede.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds vii. 58 Thei stoonyden Steuene..seyinge, Lord Jhesu, receyue [v.r. take; L. suscipe] my spirit.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19472 (MED) To þe iesu Yeild i mi gast, receuif [Gött. reciue] it nu!

?a1450 Metrical Life Christ (1977) 92 (MED) Sche ȝelde vp þe goste And Iesu Crist..Resseyued hit ful derely Bitwene his hondes softely.

c1500 (?a1437) Kingis Quair (1939) cxxiii (MED) Perpetualye Ressave I sall your saulis of my grace.

1594 1st Pt. Raigne Selimus sig. I^v Thou God of Christians, Receiue my dying soule into thy hands.

a1639 J. Dyke Right Receiving of Christ (1640) iv. 56 Then full faine wilt thou be to have Chirst [sic] Iesus receive thy soule.

1682 T. Wilson Serm. Martyrdom King Charles I 26 Holding up his hands (as well as he could) to heaven, he fervently cryed out, Lord Iesus; have mercy on my soul, and receive my spirit.

1716 B. Booth Death of Dido 21 Kind Goddess,..Receive a Soul oppress'd with Grief.

1789 W. Blake Night in Songs of Innocence But if they rush dreadful; The angels most heedful, Recieve [sic] each mild spirit, New worlds to inherit.

1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. viii. 32 Jesu, do Thou my soul receive.

1835 W. Wordsworth At Grave of Burns in Poems (1842) 55 May He who halloweth the place Where Man is laid Receive thy Spirit in the embrace For which it prayed!

1904 J. Conrad Nostromo iii. viii. 356 She was dead. But would God consent to receive her soul? She had died without confession or absolution.

1910 A. Bierce Coll. Wks. III. 322 ‘Almighty God, our Father,’ said I... ‘Forgive us our sins,’ said I... ‘And receive our souls.’ ‘Amen!’

2000 N. Sykes in A. Hastings et al. Oxf. Compan. Christian Thought 154/1 As they were stoning him, Stephen said in invocation, ‘Lord Jesus, receive my spirit’.

c. transitive. To be the recipient of (words, advice, etc.) through hearing or listening to another; (hence) to attend to, listen to, heed. Also used intransitively with of.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > attention > take notice of, heed [verb (transitive)]

yemec897

understandc1000

beseea1225

heeda1225

bihedec1250

tentc1330

to look into ——c1350

rewardc1350

undertakea1382

considerc1385

recorda1393

behold?a1400

receivea1425

advertc1425

attend1432

advertise?a1439

regard1526

respect1543

eye?c1550

mind1559

panse1559

to take knowledge of1566

to consider of1569

suspect1590

pass1609

matter1652

watch1676

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (transitive)] > listen to

listenc950

hearOE

hearkenc1000

listc1175

to-heara1250

tend1340

attenda1400

to lay ear toa1400

receivea1425

intenda1500

ear1582

exhause1599

auscultate1892

catch1906

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > be a recipient [verb (intransitive)]

receivea1425

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Prov. ii. 1 Mi sone, if thou resseyuest [a1382 E.V. vndertakest; L. susceperis] my wordis, and hidist myn heestis anentis thee.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Prov. x. A A wyse man wil receaue warnynge.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Deut. xxxiii. 3 They shall set them selues downe at thy fete, and receaue of thy wordes.

1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. lii. f. 305 Madame sith it pleaseth you to receyue myne aduise [etc.].

c1613 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 91 I have a dedimus potestatem out of the Escheker..derected to Sir Guy Fayrfax, to resayve your hothes and my ladyes.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 22 Our hearts receiue your warnings.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 92. ¶2 I have deferred furnishing my Closet with Authors, till I receive your Advice.

1748 D. Hume Philos. Ess. Human Understanding x. 185 With what Greediness are the miraculous Accounts of Travellers receiv'd.

1800 tr. Invisible Man II. 208 You have received my oath; I am incapable of forfeiting it.

1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 80 Receive news, O fisherman.

1896 W. H. Hutton Philip Augustus ii. 51 He..charged the archbishop of Rheims and others to receive the oath of fealty from his new vassals.

1930 W. H. Waldron Old Sergeant's Conferences vii. 122 To ‘Re-up’ is to reenlist on the day following discharge... The ‘Up’ refers to holding up his hand to receive the oath of enlistment.

1992 D. Morgan Rising in West iii. 515 Had it not been for the encouraging words I received..from my erstwhile editor at the Washington Post..I would assuredly have [abandoned the project].

d. transitive. To accept, take in, or deal with (stolen goods), in knowledge of the theft. Cf. fence v. 12a, receiver n.¹ 3, reset v.¹ 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > receiving or possessing stolen goods > receive stolen goods [verb (transitive)]

receivec1430

reset1565

receiptc1600

fence1610

c1430 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 376/2 He that tuk that mone knawand it was nocht gude resawyt thyfft of a theff ande..salbe punyst.

1561 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 173 Suppois thair libell had expressit that I had ressavit the saidis gudis fra the Cantis libellit.

1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. F5^v If they would not haue receiued our stollen goods, we woulde neuer haue stollen them.

a1640 F. Beaumont et al. Loves Cure v. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Sssss5^v/1 You must restore all stolne goods you receiv'd.

1676 E. Coles Eng. Dict. Stalling-ken, a brokers, or any house that receives stolen goods.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Receiver Such as knowingly receive stollen Goods from Thieves, and conceal them.

a1768 J. Erskine Inst. Law Scotl. (1773) II. iv. iv. §63 723 The crime of reset of theft consists either in harbouring the person of the thief after the goods are stolen, or in receiving or disposing of the goods.

1899 W. Besant Orange Girl ii. xv. 307 Guilty of receiving stolen goods.

1920 S. Kaye-Smith Green Apple Harvest (1921) 251 The usual—dawg-stealing; and his wife and old Mrs. Lovell ull git it too, for fencing—or receiving stolen goods.

1978 J. B. Hilton Some run Crooked xi. 115 Nobody's going to get done..for receiving four and a tanner's worth of best Sheffield cutlery.

1995 Daily Tel. 7 July 9/1 Steven Haden..admitted three charges of receiving stolen goods and three of possessing the controlled drugs phentermine and diethylpropion.

†e. transitive. imperative = recipe v. (figurative in quot.) Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > pharmacy > practise pharmaceutically [verb (impersonal)] > take prescription

recipec1300

receive1588

1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. Biii Receiue twenty ounces of merrie conceipts, pounded in the mortar of a quiet resolution.

10.

a. transitive. To accept (a thing which is offered or presented). Also intransitive, occasionally with of.In some cases, esp. in negative clauses, this use is not clearly distinguishable from sense 9a (see also note there).

ΚΠ

c1330 in Englische Studien (1886) 9 50 (MED) Þan artow riȝt justise & reseiuest þe sacrifise, þe offring alle opon þe auter.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xx. 35 It is more blessid for to ȝyue, more than for to receyue [L. accipere].

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 28794 (MED) Vr lauerd..receues..right nan Almus þat o wrang es tan.

a1450 York Plays (1885) 63 (MED) Lorde god! to þis take tente, Ressayue thy sacrifice.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 419 [I pray you] That ȝe resave her his homage And grantis him his heritage.

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 162 [A man] the whyche..the grace that fortune hym yewyth nel rescewe.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. ii. 35 Beseik..That my fadir wald eftir this ressave This sacrifice.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) John xix. f. cl As sone as Iesus had receaved of the venegre.

1561 N. Winȝet Cert. Tractates i, in Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 7 Na man..wald resaue the office of ane pastour, quhil he wes almaist compellit thairto.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. ii. 140 I come by note to giue, and to receaue .

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 235 But thinke you..If you should tender your supposed aide, He would receiue it?

1647 Portland Papers VI. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) 55 The Commissioners refusing to receave my Answer sealed, I..read and delivered it open to them.

1681 R. Knox Hist. Relation Ceylon 49 These gifts..he thinks scorn to receive.

1762 W. Jones Arcadia (1777) 105 This pipe, on which the god of shepherds play'd When love inflam'd him, and the viewless maid, Receive.

1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 16/1 The books must be produced, as we cannot receive parole evidence of their contents.

1836 J. C. Calhoun Wks. (1864) II. 472 He who votes for receiving this petition..votes that Congress is bound to take jurisdiction of the question.

1864 W. W. Skeat tr. J. L. Uhland Songs & Ballads 49 Boatman, come, thy fare receive.

1932 Times 28 Nov. 8/5 An interesting zoological collection made in Upper Burma was received as a gift.

1990 Independent on Sunday 28 Jan. 20/6 His readiness to cross the street and receive the demonstrators' petition showed no lack of courage.

†b. transitive. Of God: to listen to, hear (a prayer, intention, etc.), esp. with acceptance. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Psalms vi. 10 The Lord hath herd my bisechyng, the Lord hath resseyued [a1382 E.V. vndertaken; L. suscepit] my preier. [Also in Coverdale and 1611.]

c1475 Brome Abraham & Isaac in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 54 (MED) Lord, reseyve thow myn intent.

1533 W. Tyndale Souper of Lorde f. 31^v I wolde euery man presente shuld professe the articles of oure faythe openly in our mother tongue, and confesse his synnes secretely vnto God, praynge intierly that he wolde nowe vouchsafe to haue mercy vpon him, receyue his prayers, [etc.].

1582 T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones iv. 447 O pittifull Lord,..for thy goodnesse receiue the praiers of thy seruant, and grant me the effect of my petition and desire.

a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) 293 We desire Almighty God to accept our Alms and to receive our Prayers.

1690 W. Wake Serm. & Disc. Several Occasions xii. 491 To ascribe to the Holy Mary such a Power as is necessary to receive our Prayers, and to attend to our Petitions,..is to raise her above the state of a Creature.

1728 J. Gill Targum vi, in Expos. Solomon's Song 416 The Lord of the world graciously received their prayer, and came down to the Sanhedrim of the wise men at Babylon, [etc.].

1794 T. Maurice Indian Antiq. IV. i. iii. 129 Those stupendous attributes which unequivically stamp Divinity on the possessor, viz. the power to create, to confound languages, to receive prayer, and to forgive sins.

†c. transitive. To accept the surrender of (a person or, esp. in later use, a place). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > accept surrender of

receive?a1439

a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) v. 1276 (MED) Thei..yald hem prisoneeris, Meekli requeryng vnto Scipioun To resceyue hem in this mortal rage.

1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) v. xii. sig. k.ij Knelyng bifore kynge Arthur [they] requyred hym for the loue of god to receyue the cyte, & not to take it by assaulte.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiii. 530 ‘Till ȝow her I ȝeld me, at ȝour will to be.’ ‘And I resaiff the, schir,’ saide he.

1533 Fabyans Cronycle (new ed.) I. f. cxv^v/1 Y^e duke receyued his city of Bayon, with all dyspeasure forgyuen agayn y^e forenamed Theobald.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 610 So entring into Mesopotamia, [Crassus] receiued many cities, that of good will yeelded them selues vnto him.

1640 W. Habington Hist. Edward IV 108 The Duke of Glocester..was sent with a generall pardon to the Rebells, and authority in the Kings name to receive the Towne, the Castle, and all the shipping in the harbour.

1682 Earl of Ormond True Acct. Proc. 10 He and the rest of the Commissioners had received the City of Dublin and other Garrisons.

1739 F. Blomefield Ess. Topogr. Hist. Norfolk I. 399 Harold received this City and it's Provinces of Algar peaceably, in the Year 1052.

11.

a. transitive. To be the recipient of or take (an impression, mark, etc.); to be marked more or less permanently by. literal and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > marking > imprinting > imprint [verb (transitive)] > receive an imprint

receivec1350

c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 113 (MED) Alle þat honouren þe beest..& resceyuen his merk in her honde [L. si quis..acceperit caracterem in fronte sua aut in manu sua]..shullen drynken of þe wyn & of þe water of god þat is menged wiþ þe bitternesse of þe chalice of his wraþþe.

c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §40. 49 I..wexede my label in Maner of a peyre tables to resceyue distynctly the prikkes of my compas.

?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 46^v (MED) Þe vtilite whi þat it [sc. brain] is white as a bare tabel is be cause þat [it] schulde take oþer resceiuen alle þinge indifferentlye.

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome iv. xxiii Quhat place was left hail in all þare bodyis to ressaue ony new woundis.

1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Ciiij^v His tendrer cheeke, receiues her soft hands print.

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. i. 55 Crystall..will receive impression from steele, more easily then [sic] the Turchois.

1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. iii. 32 They being eager in prosecution of their design, and he prepared by want, and malice to receive their impression.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. ii. 14 The wax is over harden'd, it will not receive the mark of her thimble.

1785 W. Cowper ‘Poplar Field’ in Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 53 The winds play no longer, and sing in their leaves, Nor the Ouse on its bosom their image receives.

1830 A. Applegath Specif. Patent 5988 2 A is the cast-iron frame; B, the impression cylinder, upon which the piece of material receives the impression.

1898 ‘M. Gray’ House Hidden Treasure iii. iii Chip's brain..was more calculated to retain than to receive impressions.

1923 J. Conrad Let. 4 Dec. (1956) 299 His half-witted soul received the impress of the Revolution which has missed the simple minded Michel altogether.

1956 N. Algren Walk on Wild Side i. 38 All who worship Jehovah will have to receive the mark of the beast or die!

1992 Bicycle Feb. 18/1 The impression received when talking to Claudio Passoni is the thing that makes his life complete is building bikes to perfection.

b. transitive. To permit oneself to be the object of (an action, etc.); to allow (something) to be done to or (some quality, etc.) to be conferred on oneself; to submit to, endure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > accept without resistance [verb (transitive)] > give in or submit to action, treatment, or events

undergoc1175

give place1382

receivec1384

obeyc1390

to go under ——a1400

servec1400

underliec1400

submitc1425

subscribe1560

resign1593

stoop1611

to let loose1667

to qualify on1753

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John v. 44 How mown ȝe bileue, that receyuen [L. accipitis] glorie ech of other?

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 18714 All þat wald tru fra þat time, And siþen wald receiue baptime.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 598 Com forth anon and kneleth here adoun And mekely receyueth my pardoun.

?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 35 (MED) Riȝt as wickide men receyuen vyce by her neiȝbore, so anoþir man receyueþ vertu by his neiȝbore.

a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) 3688 (MED) The same desteny that yow is dyghte I will Resseyve in som house bolde.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. vii. 28 This is the people, that nether heareth the voyce of the Lorde..ner receaueth his correction.

1556 R. Robinson tr. T. More Utopia (ed. 2) sig. Lvi^v The religiously disposed person..ought pacientlye to receaue & suffer them [sc. griefs].

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xv. iii If the barke of an Olive tree be slit and cut, it will receive the rellice and smell of any medicinable spice.

1609 S. Rowlands Famous Hist. Guy Earle of Warwick 72 Nature's corruption I do strive to leave, A new regeneration to receive.

1705 J. Collier Ess. Moral Subj.: Pt. III i. 13 The Roman Gladiators..chose rather to receive a Cut than avoid it unhandsomely.

1765 Treat. Domest. Pigeons 23 She will squat, and readily receive his tread, by which she is rendered prolific.

1818 T. L. Peacock Nightmare Abbey i. 13 Family interests compelled Mr. Glowry to receive occasional visits from Mr. and Mrs. Hilary.

1861 D. G. Rossetti tr. Dante Vita Nuova 299 The sonnet has two parts... It might well receive other divisions also.

1951 G. Heyer Quiet Gentleman iv. 48 I should not think it marvellous if we were to receive as many as fifty visits from our neighbours this sennight.

2006 Christian Cent. 31 Oct. 13/1 The theological distinction has traditionally been that Pentecostal churches say that believers receive ‘the baptism of the Holy Spirit’ when they speak in tongues, whereas charismatic groups are not so rigid on that point.

c. transitive. To allow (something) to be applied to, or placed on, oneself. Also in extended use.

ΚΠ

1520 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. 167 The King..lokythe dayly..to receive the vauntbrasse and gauntlett.

1549 W. Baldwin Canticles of Salomon sig. hiv^v All other foke That haue receyued the yoke Of the gospell.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) iv. 24 It is said generelye tyl al them that hes resauit the ȝoilk ande the confessione of crist.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxviii. 1002 For feare least if once they receive the yoke of subjection upon their neckes,..Philopæmen would effect and put in execution that which he long intended.

1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) 28 A Mixture of Pitch, Mastick, and Varnish, boyled together, and applyed with a great Brush, till it make a Couch, fit to receive your priming, and afterwards your Colours.

1713 J. Addison Cato ii. i Egypt has since Received his yoke, and the whole Nile is Cæsar's.

1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 329 Earth receives Gladly the thickening mantle.

1788 W. Cowper Negro's Compl. 42 By our blood in Afric wasted, Ere our necks received the chain.

1820 P. B. Shelley Œdipus Tyrannus ii. 33 To receive upon her chaste white body Dews of Apotheosis.

1898 ‘M. Gray’ House Hidden Treasure ii. iii Barling Harbour received the crimsoning light on its still levels and held it faithfully.

1955 C. Jasper Handbk. Decorating & Painting ii. 51 Sealing. The best form of treatment..for making the plaster suitable to receive oil paint, is to apply..alkali resisting primer.

2005 in M. N. A. Bockmuehl & D. A. Hagner Written Gospel i. ii. 42 One first receives the yoke of the kingdom and then receives the yoke of the commands.

12.

a. transitive. Christian Church. To eat or drink (the sacrament) at the Eucharist; to take (Communion).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > receive (communion) [verb (transitive)]

thiga864

receivec1350

use?c1450

communicate1554

masticate1651

c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 201 (MED) Þise mysbileuande Men & wymmen..shryuen hem & resceyuen god &..han no wille to leten her synnes.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 10199 Þe folk þat to þe preste went For to receyue þe sacrament.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 1876 (MED) Þe mayden kneled at þe auters ȝende..abode þere to resaue hurre saueour.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 316 That ilk veray brede of lyfe Becommys my fleshe... Who so it resaues in syn or stryfe Bese dede for euer.

1568 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 250 Ane preist sweirit be God verey, Quhilk at the alter ressauit he.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. iv. 198 Thou didst receiue the holy sacrament, To fight in quarell of the house of Lancaster.

1636 P. Heylyn Hist. Sabbath ii. 90 Reverendly kneeling on their knees, when they received the Sacrament of the Lords Supper.

1686 H. More Brief Disc. Real Presence 52 We really though spiritually..eat or receive the real Body and Blood of Christ.

1714 J. Walker Attempt Acct. Sufferings Clergy Church of Eng. ii. 281/2 He had called those Wall ey'd Horses that would not come to the Rails to receive the Communion.

1791 E. Burke in Hansard Parl. Hist. (1814) XXIX. 397 The priest, from whom they had received the sacrament, had not submitted to the test.

1827 T. Moore Mem. (1854) V. 196 Lord Charles took his pretty future to Church this morning to receive the sacrament.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §4. 495 The habit of receiving the communion in a sitting posture.

1903 Spectator 31 Oct. 704/2 Daulac..and his companions made their wills, confessed, and received the sacrament.

1981 M. West Clowns of God viii. 218 Would you like to receive Communion now?

b. transitive. More generally: to take in by the mouth; to swallow. Also intransitive with of.In later quots. probably a contextual use of other senses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > [verb (transitive)] > ingest

receivec1400

to take in1568

assume1620

ingest1620

c1400 Bk. to Mother (Bodl.) 6 (MED) Bodily drynke is lightlyer reseyued þan bodily mete.

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 1 (MED) Resayve iij sponefull of þe juis luke warme, and yf þou haue evil stomake hit opyneþ hit.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope x He gaf to hym the sayd pylles & badde hym to receyue and take them.

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 77 (MED) A mouth-full of hoot water, ilk morwe twyes ressayued, sholde make a man..hool.

1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 385 The patient that doth determine to receaue a litle rubarbe.

1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor iii. i. sig. Hiv^v The Cuban..Whiffe; which hee shall receiue or take in here at London, and evaporate at Vxbridge.

1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles ii. 73 Thou..ministers a potion vnto me: That thou wouldst tremble to receiue thy selfe.

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. i. §16 Man is formed with a mouth..for receiving and letting forth of air.

1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 375 Down his own throat he risqu'd the Grecian gold, Receiv'd each Demi-God..Deep in his Entrails.

1832 Ld. Tennyson Lotos-eaters iv, in Poems (new ed.) 110 Whoso did receive of them, And taste.

1840 R. Browning Sordello II. v. 249 If lies are true, The Caliph's wheel-work man of brass receives A meal.

1858 ‘G. Eliot’ Amos Barton ii, in Scenes Clerical Life I. 38 Chubby, who is making a round O of her mouth to receive a bit of papa's ‘baton’.

1925 C. Fox Educ. Psychol. 10 When a child simultaneously sees his nurse and receives food, both the optical stimulus and the taste stimuli produce their engraphic effects.

2005 J. Lauwers & A. Swisher Counseling Nursing Mother (ed. 4) 291 The baby actively suckles the breast in order to receive milk.

c. intransitive. Christian Church. To take the sacrament; to communicate.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > receive communion [verb (intransitive)]

use1389

communicate1539

commune1550

receive1551

1551 S. Gardiner Explic. Catholique Fayth f. 51 What soeuer we may gather, that note of this auctour remayneth vnproued: that the Priest ought not to receiue alone.

1587 D. Fenner Def. Godlie Ministers sig. Miv^v The priuate Masse of the Papistes, where the Priestes and his Clearke onely doe receyue.

1647 R. Herrick Parasceve in Noble Numbers 21 Let's go (my Alma) yet e're we receive, Fit, fit it is, we have our Parasceve.

1686 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 176 M^r Boys and M^r Deane were in the outer Chapel, but did not come in to receive.

1741 R. Challoner Mem. Missionary Priests I. Pref. A4 Paul V. also allow'd..a plenary Indulgence to all such as hauing confess'd and receiv'd were present at that Mass.

1874 G. A. Denison Let. 18 Aug. in Fifty Years at East Brent (1902) 157 I do not understand worshipping where I cannot receive if I desire to receive.

1996 F. McCourt Angela's Ashes (1997) viii. 242 Now tell me, did you go to Mass this morning? I did, Sister. And did you receive? I did, Sister.

13.

a. transitive. Of a place or building: to admit (a person); to give accommodation or shelter to.

ΚΠ

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds iii. 21 Jhesu Crist..it bihoueth heuene for to resceyue [L. suscipere].

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) 17982 (MED) Hell..ma þe redi At receiue iesu nu in hij.

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 160 Þere ben jnnes ordeyned..to resceyue bothe man & hors.

a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) 160 Som receit nye the wodes lynde, Wher we mow thys tym receyued to be.

1578 G. Best True Disc. in S. Purchas Hakluytus Posthumus (1625) III. 80 The ship-bote..could not receive halfe of the companie.

a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Knight of Malta iv. i, in Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Lllll4/1 This cave fashioned..To be a den for beasts, alone, receives me.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 252 Hail Infernal world, and thou profoundest Hell Receive thy new Possessor.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 289. ¶9 A house that changes its Inhabitants so often, and receives such a perpetual Succession of Guests, is not a Palace but a Caravansary.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 354 We tread the Wilderness..The Grove receives us next.

1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose ii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. IV. 17 (motto) More doubtful, shew'd The mansion, which received them from the road.

1898 ‘M. Gray’ House Hidden Treasure Prol. ii It was a long time since the Old House had received a child-guest.

1915 J. Buchan Thirty-nine Steps iii. 56 The ‘bed in the loft’ received a weary man.

1931 ‘G. Trevor’ Murder at School i. 16 ‘It is always a pleasure for Oakington to receive her old boys.’.. A little old-boyishness in response seemed clearly indicated.

2005 L. Too 168 Feng Shui Ways to calm Life 16 When it [sc. a tilted door] was completed the hotel received a planeload of guests when a flight was suddenly delayed.

b. transitive. More generally: to admit as to a receptacle or containing space; to allow to enter or penetrate; to take in. Also figurative and intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > containing or having within > contain or have within [verb (transitive)] > admit into a receptacle

underfoa1100

receivea1400

entertain?1608

take1791

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1135 (MED) Erth, þou sal be maledight, Þat reseued [Fairf. resceyuet, Gött. rescyued] þi broþer blode.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ecclus. xxxvi. 21 An vnwise herte resseyueth false wordis.

c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 63 Goddes word, the which ye here with youre bodily eeris, receyue them in your hertis.

a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 243 (MED) The stomake shal be nuet to resceue more charge than hit was wonyt.

?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Dij^v Some [bones] are enbossed for to entre, and other haue vacuytees that receyueth.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lxxiij^v Doores and enterynges into the chambers..to receiue light and aire at pleasure.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. ii. 182 The bason that receaues your guiltie blood.

1618 W. Lawson New Orchard & Garden i. ii. 5 Some for this purpose digge the soyle of their Orchard to receyue moysture.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 55 The Gulf Of Tartarus, which ready opens wide His fiery Chaos to receave thir fall.

1712 A. Pope Rape of Locke i, in Misc. Poems 360 From silver Spouts the grateful Liquors glide, And China's Earth receives the smoking Tyde.

1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 431 Learning itself, received into a mind By nature weak.

1814 R. Southey Roderick xxv. 351 Let One grave with Christian rites receive them both.

1910 S. Sisson Text-bk. Vet. Anat. 52 The ventral border [of the ethmoid bone] is received into the groove of the vomer.

1926 E. Bowen Ann Lee's 257 The room received less and less light from the windows,..partly because of the thick lace curtains.

1968 B. England Figures in Landscape 197 The gully which, running down the angle of the slope, received the torrent and carried it away.

1991 H. Beinfield & E. Korngold Between Heaven & Earth (1992) 411 The Bladder receives and discharges liquid waste.

c. transitive. To afford proper room or space to; to hold or contain conveniently. (In modern use chiefly in technical contexts.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > containing or having within > contain or have within [verb (transitive)] > be able to contain

holdc1000

receivec1425

contain1526

takea1637

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 6055 (MED) Þei dide make a stede Large and wyde..Þat it myȝt resseive..A þousand knyȝtes.

a1450 Mandeville's Trav. (Bodl. e Mus.) 135 (MED) His graue..shal ben mad meche and large to resseyue al that is ordeynyd for his sepulture.

a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 1972 (MED) Ther hoole puysaunce..was so grete..The Cite myght resseyue them day ne nyght.

1549 T. Solme in H. Latimer 1st Serm. before Kynges Grace Ep. Ded. sig. Aiij As it is vnpossible that a litell ryuer shulde receyue y^e recourse of the mayne sea w^t in his brymmes.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. xxiii. 139 A port..able to receiue a 100. Gallies.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings viii. 64 The brasen Altar..was too little to receiue the burnt offerings.

1697 J. Dryden Ded. Æneis in tr. Virgil Wks. sig. f1 The scantiness of our Heroick Verse, is not capable of receiving more than one.

1736 F. Drake Eboracum i. ii. 64 At the end of each tile is a hole that would receive a common slate pin.

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Transl. French Terms sig. D2^v Cheville à goupilles, a forelock-bolt, or bolt fitted to receive a forelock.

1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports 474/1 The well [of a rowing-boat]..is long enough to receive two men instead of one.

1941 Mariner's Mirror 27 191 The hatchways and mast holes are framed to receive half-beams where required.

1972 Gloss. Timber Terms (B.S.I.) 53 Mortice, a hole or slot to receive a tenon of corresponding size, which may or may not penetrate the full width or thickness of the member in which it is formed.

2001 C. H. Wendel Encycl. Antique Tools & Machinery 31 It was used primarily for boring mortise and tenon joints to receive a wooden pin.

14.

a. transitive. To be the recipient of (a sound); to catch or hear.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (transitive)] > succeed in hearing

perceivea1382

catcha1398

receivec1430

touch?1611

c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 752 Vp on that on syde of that wal stod he And on that othir side stod Thesbe The sote soun of othir to resseyue.

?1566 J. Alday tr. P. Boaistuau Theatrum Mundi sig. R iv As touching the eares, they are not idell, they are placed..hie and eminent for to receyve the sounde that naturally is borne hie.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. 0. 6 The fixt Centinels almost receiue The secret Whispers of each others Watch.

1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island v. xlvi. 58 Receives the entring sounds.

1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra i. v. §6 A Hare, which is very quick of hearing..is supplied with a Bony Tube; which..is so directed backward, as to receive the smallest, and most distant Sound that comes behind her.

1783 J. Hoole tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso I. viii. 528 A lamb..strays With tender bleats,..Till from afar the wolf the sound receives.

a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) IV. viii. 158 Such she believed were his words; but scarcely had she received their sound, than her attention was caught by other sounds immediately behind her.

1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 946/1 The phonocamptic centre is the situation where is placed the ear destined to receive reflected sounds.

1921 E. A. Bedford General Sci. 44 We have a special organ, the ear, which receives the sound.

1989 J. Donner Supersense (BNC) 67 Underwater, we are at even more of a disadvantage, for our ears are best suited to receive air-borne sound.

b. transitive. To become the support or take the weight of (something superimposed), bear. (In modern use chiefly in technical contexts.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > support > [verb (transitive)] > a weight or pressure (of so much) > become the support or take the weight of

receive?a1475

vouchsafe1623

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 163 (MED) The grownde was elevate in maner of a hepe to receyve [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. to fonge; L. ad receptionem] Hillarius.

1609 Bible (Douay) I. 1 Esdras viii. 30 And the priests and the Levites received the weight of the silver and gold, and the vessels, to carry them to Jerusalem to the house of our God.

1654 Ord. Office Postage Lett. §8 To have in readiness one good Horse or Mare to receive and carry the Male of Letters.

1736 T. Gray Let. 8 May in Corr. T. Gray & W. Mason (1853) 3 Ye Argive flower,..Receive a worthier load.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 11 Make broad thy shoulders to receive my weight, And bear me to the margin.

1879 Building Constr. in Cassell's Techn. Educator I. 197 Piers imply supports which receive vertical pressure, whilst abutments are such as resist outward thrust.

1962 Appraisal Terminol. & Handbk. (Amer. Inst. Real Estate Appraisers) (ed. 4) 176 Strut, any piece of wood fixed between two other pieces or members, designed to receive pressure or weight in the direction of its length.

1993 Equus July 119/3 Sheared heel–hoof distortion and laminar damage resulting when one heel receives more load, standing and in action, than the other.

c. transitive. Military. To meet (an enemy, an attack, etc.) with resistance.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > holding out or making stand > hold [verb (transitive)] > resist

outholda1460

answer1468

receive1477

resist1533

out-ward1596

oppugn1636

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 15 b [They] broched their horses with their spores and receyuid them..with the might of their speris.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiii. 16 Thair fais resauit thame weill, I hycht, With swerdis, speris, and vith macys.

c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1925) I. i. 2467 For that Betys sa manfully Ressauit the king in his cumming.

1650 O. Cromwell Let. 4 Sept. in Writings & Speeches (1939) (modernized text) II. 324 The enemy being in a very good posture to receive them.

1675 tr. W. Camden Hist. Princess Elizabeth (rev. ed.) iv. 592 They [sc. Spaniards] were received by the Friese Muskettiers with a Volley of small Shot.

1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. v. xi. 209 Our Heroe received the Enemy's Attack with intrepidity.

1775 W. H. Drayton in R. W. Gibbes Documentary Hist. Amer. Revolution (1855) I. 174 It is a maxim, that it is better to attack than to receive one.

1892 Chambers's Jrnl. 24 Sept. 610/2 There was no time to get into square formation to ‘receive’ the charging horsemen.

1903 J. London Call of Wild 35 He never rushed till he was prepared to receive a rush; never attacked till he had first defended that attack.

2003 S. Brust Lord of Castle Black 116 Piro took a defensive posture and received the attack with good style, first parrying a cut for his shoulder, then leaning back to avoid a cut for his head.

d. transitive. To take or catch (a person or thing falling or descending) in one's arms or otherwise. Also in extended use. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > catch something moving or falling

receive1485

recueil1490

catcha1500

latch1530

snare1942

1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) i. ix. sig. avi^v Kynge lot smote doune kyng Arthur, with that his four knyghtes receyued hym and set hym on horsback.

?a1525 (c1450) Christ's Burial & Resurrection i. 442 in F. J. Furnivall Digby Plays (1896) 186 Stonde ner, Nichodemus! resaue hym softlye! Mawdleyn, hold ye his fete!

1594 1st Pt. Raigne Selimus sig. E4^v A band of armed souldiers, Receiued him falling on their speares sharp points.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 70 The haire of the eye-browes serue for to receiue the humour falling downe from the head.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 580 A fiery Globe Of Angels..on their plumy Vans receiv'd him soft From his uneasie station.

1717 W. Vream Descr. Air-pump 11 The wooden Dish..being set under to receive the falling Hemisphere, lest it should damage the Glass.

?1787 W. F. Mavor New Dict. Nat. Hist. I. at Elephant The enraged Elephant..tossed him to a vast height in the air, and received the falling victim on one of it's tusks.

1867 G. M. Musgrave Nooks & Corners Old France I. 261 A ‘dead well’ of some twenty feet depth, which used to receive the descending weights of a great clock.

1943 D. Welch Maiden Voy. xxiii. 192 He fell. But this time it was soft grass that received him.

e. transitive. To catch or intercept (a missile, blow, etc.); to encounter or stand the force or effect of; to bear, withstand. Also in extended use. Cf. sense 20a. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] > be struck by

catchc1300

receive1551

the world > action or operation > operation upon something > have effect on [verb (transitive)] > be subjected to or undergo an action > encounter the force or effect of

catchc1300

receive1551

1551 G. Tadlowe tr. T. More Utopia sig. Pvii Theire armoure or harness whiche they weare is sure and stronge to receaue strokes [L. ad excipiendos ictus].

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lvi^v All the pellettes y^t they shall shoute, I will receaue them with my cote.

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iii. iii. 117 Like a gate of steele: Fronting the Sunne, receiues and renders back His figure and his heate.

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena iii. 79 By this time had the horse (issued from their side) received the charge, after the foote were cut all to pieces.

1704 J. Swift Full Acct. Battel between Bks. in Tale of Tub 260 Paracelsus..darted his Javelin with a mighty Force, which the brave Antient received upon his Shield.

1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle I. xxxv. 267 The son interposing, received the first discharge of her fury.

1814 R. Southey Roderick xxv. 489 The Goth objects His shield, and on its rim received the edge.

1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) I. iii. 47 The rays reflected by the speculum were received upon a plane metallic speculum.

1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 14 Feb. 83/1 We must now brace ourselves to receive broadsides from the great guns of science and technology.

f. transitive. Sport. To catch, strike, or take possession of (a ball which is thrown, kicked, served, etc.). Also: to be the designated recipient of (a service, delivery, etc.). Also intransitive.

ΚΠ

1569 N. Haward tr. Seneca Line of Liberalitie ii. xxxii. f. 83^v It is somewhat prayse woorthie to receyue the ball skillfully and conningly when it is tost to him: but yet he is not to be called an expert and parfect player except he stryke the ball backe againe as finely and redely.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 60 At Tennis play, he that receiveth the ball, ought in the stirring and motion of his bodie to accommodate himselfe handsomely and in order to his fellow that smit it.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 265 The Game at Tennis is a most Princely Exercise... Hazard side, is the side where they receive the Ball from the Pent-house.

a1811 J. Leyden tr. Malay Ann. (1821) 231 The Moloco Prince was very skilful at foot-ball... A hundred hundred times would he receive the ball on his foot, and keep it up without falling.

1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. viii. 397 Jack Raggles..having run one for a forward drive of Johnson's, is about to receive his first ball.

1862 Laws Football 9 The other [player]..is standing just outside the goal line to receive it.

1974 Rules of Game 119/3 The pair about to receive in the first game..decides which player shall receive the first service.

1988 Rugby World & Post Nov. 16/3 They must know where they are to receive the ball, understand the angle of their run.

2007 Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio) (Nexis) 7 July (Sports section) d7 Bartoli..has a tendency to stand close to the service line to receive shots, particularly on second serves.

g. transitive. Of a telegraph, aerial, radio, television, etc.: to be affected by, detect, or respond internally to (a transmitted signal); to detect and convert (a signal) to sound, images, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > telecommunication > [verb (transitive)] > receive

receive1854

society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > record [verb (transitive)] > of recording instruments

receive1854

1854 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 17 309/2 The last electro-chemical telegraph we can notice is that of Messrs. Westbrook and Rogers, of America, the peculiarity of which is the employment of metallic surfaces to receive the signals and messages, instead of chemical paper.

1862 Internat. Exhib.: Illustr. Catal. Industr. Dept. II. xiii. §2908 The apparatus..for receiving and indicating the signals.

1916 Geogr. Jrnl. 47 354 If the longitude of a powerful wireless station is known, and the observer is provided with the simple outfit necessary to receive signals, a very accurate determination of the longitude of his position can be effected by the reception alone of wireless signals.

1930 S. A. Moseley & H. J. B. Chapple Television viii. 95 Tele-talkies..can be received on the identical machine which receives television images.

1948 Proc. Symp. Large-scale Digital Calculating Machinery 1947 125 The contemplated computer..is emerging as a parallel digit transmission system. The storage must then receive and deliver binary digits on parallel buses.

1989 ‘C. Roman’ Foreplay iv. 36 We do receive regular transmissions of world events from Poop Central.

2004 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 11 July iv. 2/1 For now you will need a set-top box..to receive the high-definition signals.

h. transitive. Of a radio or television, or its user: to detect and interpret the signal transmitted by (a given broadcaster, a distant operator, etc.). Also intransitive (rare).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > broadcasting > [verb (transitive)] > receive broadcast

receive1908

society > communication > telecommunication > radio communications > communicate by radio [verb (transitive)] > receive

receive1908

1908 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1907 621 In this way it is possible to receive at Hythe from Elmers End.

1930 Morning Post 18 Aug. 3/4 In order to receive foreign stations consistently it is necessary to employ a powerful receiver.

1958 ‘J. Castle’ & A. Hailey Flight into Danger ix. 123 Hullo, Vancouver. 714 answering. Receiving you loud and clear. Over.

1989 Lit. Rev. Aug. 56/1 Now, like most other New Yorkers above the poverty level, I receive almost forty different channels.

2004 Touch Mar. 59/3 (advt.) This fabulous freeview box is compact and stylish, and will allow you to receive up to thirty extra stations!

15. transitive. To take into the mind; to apprehend mentally; to understand; to learn. Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)]

yknoweOE

acknowOE

anyeteOE

latchc1000

undernimc1000

understandc1000

underyetec1000

afindOE

knowOE

seeOE

onfangc1175

takec1175

underfindc1200

underfonga1300

undertakea1300

kenc1330

gripea1340

comprehend1340

comprendc1374

espyc1374

perceivea1387

to take for ——?1387

catcha1398

conceivea1398

intenda1400

overtakea1400

tenda1400

havec1405

henta1450

comprise1477

skilla1500

brook1548

apprend1567

compass1576

perstanda1577

endue1590

sound1592

engrasp1593

in1603

fathom1611

resent1614

receivea1616

to take up1617

apprehend1631

to take in1646

grasp1680

understumblec1681

forstand1682

savvy1686

overstand1699

uptake1726

nouse1779

twig1815

undercumstand1824

absorb1840

sense1844

undercumstumble1854

seize1855

intelligize1865

dig1935

c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 81 Ȝe fadir and sone ricchen..þe holy goost infinitely, and þerfore hiȝer and above þan eny creature may vndirstonde clerly or receive.

a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1965) II. 8 [It] is in our power to dispone ws to resaue the knawlage necessar for our salute [etc.].

1586 R. Lane in R. Hakluyt Principal Navigations XIII. 304 He gaue mee more vnderstanding and light of the Countrey then I had receiued by all the searches and Sauages that before I or any of my companie had had conference with.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. iv. 82 But marke me, To be receiued plaine, Ile speake more grosse.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 179 The Acts of God..to human ears Cannot without process of speech be told, So told as earthly notion can receave .

1733 A. Pope Ess. Man iii. 177 Thy Arts of Building from the Bee receive.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) III. xxx. 139 The mind of Alaric was ill prepared to receive, either in sleeping or waking visions, the impressions of Greek superstition.

1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice III. xix. 321 Her mind received knowledge which had never before fallen in her way.

1892 B. F. Westcott Gospel of Life 191 Man is fitted by his essential constitution to receive a knowledge of God.

1918 W. M. Kirkland Joys of being Woman viii. 75 That I must have received abundant elementary instruction I feel confident, although I do not in the least remember receiving it.

1989 Profession (Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer.) 18/2 Literary study, as the study of textuality,..reveals the epistemological structures that organize how we know, how our knowledge gets transmitted and accepted, and why and how students receive it.

IV. To be given (a thing), have conferred; to experience, suffer, undergo. (In this branch the subject is a more or less passive recipient.)

16.

a. transitive. To be the object of (some action); to experience or meet with (some treatment). Also intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > operation upon something > have effect on [verb (transitive)] > be subjected to or undergo an action

fallc1175

receivec1330

to stand upon ——a1393

suffera1425

to come under ——a1475

c1330 King of Tars (Auch.) 918 in Englische Studien (1889) 11 55 (MED) Þe soudan..Dede of his cloþes euerichon To reseyue his baptize.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds x. 43 To this alle prophetis beren witnessing, alle men that bileuen into him, for to receyue [L. accipere] remyscioun of synnes.

a1425 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Linc. Inn) (1973) 1087 (MED) He let brynge tofore him þat wommon, Forto resceyue hire iuggement.

a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 3 Þe knees, þe leggis, and þe feet..resseyuen a synguler influence of þe sterris of Capricorn, Aquarie and pisces.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xxiii[i]. 5 He shal receaue the blessinge from the Lord, and mercy from God his sauioure.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 216 He had beine vnthankful of al benifite and gude deid ressaued.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 6 The honour he had receiv'd in our Court, during his Exile.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 143 A fault which easy Pardon might receive, Were Lovers Judges.

1738–9 King in Swift's Lett. (1768) IV. 223 The ill-treatment I received from the post-office.

1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 302 This [malady]..Claims most compassion, and receives the least.

1859 E. A. Stopford Work & Counterwork 88 The pleasure of receiving unwonted sympathy.

1889 Harper's Mag. Aug. 348/2 The artist transplanted to a foreign soil both gives and receives; he adapts himself to his changed conditions.

1927 F. M. Thrasher Gang iv. xxi. 453 The political boss knows exactly how to appeal to the gang because he himself has usually received valuable training for politics in a street gang from which he has ultimately been graduated.

1978 M. S. Peck Road less Traveled ii. 123 Love..is invariably a two-way street, a reciprocal phenomenon whereby the receiver also gives and the giver also receives.

1982 S. Brett Murder Unprompted vii. 75 He had..delivered the speech with greater power than it had ever received.

2004 B. Greene Fabric of Cosmos 512 The Bohm or de Broglie–Bohm approach has never received wide attention.

b. transitive. To suffer, undergo, be subjected to (something painful or unpleasant). Also intransitive with of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > suffer (adversity or affliction) [verb (transitive)]

thave835

i-dreeeOE

tholec897

abeareOE

underbearc950

adreeOE

dreeOE

driveOE

i-tholeOE

throwOE

underfoc1000

bearOE

bidec1200

suffera1250

abidec1275

drinka1340

endure1340

underfong1382

receivec1384

abyea1393

sustain1398

finda1400

undergoa1400

get?c1430

underganga1470

ponder?a1525

a dog's lifea1528

tolerate1531

to stand to ——1540

to feel the weight of?1553

enjoy1577

carry1583

abrook1594

to stand under ——a1616

to fall a victim to1764

the mind > emotion > suffering > suffer mental pain [verb (transitive)]

thave835

i-dreeeOE

tholec897

underbearc950

adreeOE

dreeOE

driveOE

i-tholeOE

throwOE

underfoc1000

bearOE

takec1175

bidec1200

suffera1250

leadc1330

drinka1340

endure1340

wielda1375

underfong1382

receivec1384

sustain1398

finda1400

undergoa1400

underganga1470

ponder?a1525

tolerate1531

to go through ——1535

to feel the weight of?1553

enjoy1577

carry1583

abrook1594

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) (1850) Apoc. xviii. 4 Ȝe shulen not receyue [L. accipiatis] of the plagis of it.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Melibeus (Hengwrt) (2003) §33 The pacient Iob..receyued ful many a greuous tribulacion.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii. x Men ought to presume ouer hym by whome they receyue somme dommage.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 32 He hadde resceyved deth thourgh me.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Hosea x. 6 Ephraim shal receaue full punishment.

1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 112 King Canutus.., after that he had receaued the..woorse in a fight in Lincolne shyre.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. xxvi. 200 The Townes and Provinces..receive sometimes great losses by these Earthquakes.

1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. lxxxvii. 172 The ruines, plundrings..and other utter desolations which she had received from the Goths.

1745 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) V. 4 That the House might not receive any delay.

1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 293 I have received..calumny only as the reward of all my services.

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. xxxii. 272 Mrs. Jarley..recounted word for word the affronts she had received.

1887 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. (1892) VII. xx. 167 France..had undoubtedly received much real provocation.

1990 A. Beevor Inside Brit. Army ii. 16 Outstanding recruits who do not help less competent members..will receive a hard time until they change their ways.

c. transitive. Of a surface or object: to have (heat or light) incident upon it; to respond to the effect of (heat) and become warmer.

ΚΠ

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxiii. 95 The metis yat ar etyn jn the dyner ressauis the hete of the day jn mannis corps, quhen he is wakand and trauailand.

1603 C. Heydon Def. Iudiciall Astrol. xii. 314 He receiveth the Sunnes beames but weakely, and therefore can not heat by them, but rather refrigerate.

1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron 126 A cave..which received no light into it, but by a small spiracle or ventloope made out ingeniously on the hills side.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 83 Nor plant it to receive the setting Sun.

1741 T. Francklin tr. Cicero Of Nature of Gods ii. 173 The Air..drawn into the Lungs, receives Heat..by the Coagitation of the Lungs.

1756 J. Ferguson Astron. Explained 23 The light and heat he [sc. Saturn] receives from the Sun are in the same proportion.

1855 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea xv. §645 The two hemispheres do receive annually the same amount of solar heat.

1891 R. Routledge Discov. & Inventions 19th Cent. (ed. 8) 523 The light we receive from the sun is 20,000,000,000 (twenty thousand million) times more than that of Sirius.

1930 J. H. Jeans Universe around Us (ed. 2) v. 256 The total amount of light and heat received on earth from the sun shews that the sun's radiation must be very nearly, although not quite, the ‘full temperature radiation’..of a body at this temperature.

1980 K. Thear in K. Thear & A. Fraser Small Farmer's Guide to Raising Livestock & Poultry (U.S. ed.) ii. 43/1 The whole structure is placed on the side of the poultry house where it receives the maximum amount of sun and warmth.

2001 Exotic & Greenhouse Gardening June 72/2 I chose a site that received morning sunshine and bright, indirect light in the afternoon.

17.

†a. transitive. To come into or be presented with possession of (a town, country, etc.). Obsolete.In later uses probably merging with senses in branch III.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > a place or territory

receivec1330

c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 560 (MED) Now is Tirri comen hom To resceiue his lond.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. 1974 (MED) Thei alle of on acord Him preiden..That he the lettre wel conceive And come his regne to receive.

c1450 (a1425) Metrical Paraphr. Old Test. (Selden) 12128 (MED) Ioram..full sone on one resaued his reme by ryȝt aray.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 739 He..besieged a towne,..which when he had receyued,..he caused all the inhabitants cruelly to be put to death.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 139 His countrey and kingdome, quhilke..he receiuet sair oppressit be his nychtbouris.

1612 W. Shute tr. T. de Fougasses Gen. Hist. Venice ii. 313 [The Venetian Commissioners] were come thither according to the Articles to receiue the Townes.

1693 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin New Hist. Eccl. Writers VI. 108 Pepin..sent Fulradus, Abbot of S. Denys, to receive the Towns of the Pantapolis and Aemilia.

1762 E. Farneworth tr. N. Machiavelli Wks. I. vi. 273 After the truce was concluded, the nuptials were celebrated betwixt Madam Bianca and the Count, who received the City of Cremona with her in dower.

†b. transitive. To take (a person) into one's custody, control, vicinity, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > a person into one's control or vicinity

receivec1384

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xv. 27 Thi brodir is comen, and thi fadir hath slayn a fat calf, for he receyuede [L. recepit] him saf.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 22077 (MED) Þe deuil sal..vmbelai hir al bidene, Al in his weild hir to receiue.

?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 168 (MED) I am ful glad and fayn For to receyve my childe Agayn.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. v. 81 Romulus sall the peple ressaue and weild.

1568 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 250 The feind ressaif me, gif I le.

1611 Bible (King James) Psalms lxxv. 2 When I shall receiue the congregation, I will iudge vprightly.

c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1851) II. 321 To present thair soldiouris..in the lynkis, thair to be receaved be there capitanes.

1704 Abridgem. Laws in Force & Use in Her Majesty's Plantations 160 In case the Owner cannot be found, the Treasurer shall..receive the Slave, sell and transport him.

1792 A. Law et al. Decisions Court of Session 369 The defender, it is true, received the child from her brother.

c. transitive. To obtain or acquire (some feature or attribute).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > something immaterial

takeOE

get1476

receive1546

contract1691

1546 G. Joye Refut. Byshop Winchesters Derke Declar. f. clxxviii Tell vs..whether, when Israell receiued hys mercifull promyse by faythe, he was not euen then taken to seruice, and receiued a newe herte.

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1710) I. 8 The Hedde of Avon Ryver visitith a litle sidenham of Gilesborow Village, and cummith by it there first receyving a botom.

1597 J. Payne Royall Exchange 19 As the corne must fyrst be sowen and dye in the yerthe before y^t receyve a new bodye, [etc.].

1628 R. Gomersall Tragedie of Lodovick Sforza iii. iii. 34 Assist me, Hell, for I intend an Act, Which should your puny fiends but thinke vpon, Would make their blacker cheekes receiue a blush.

1679 I. Newton Let. 28 Feb. in Corr. (1960) II. 289 Ye rays of ye sun..ought..to receive a ply from ye denser æther.

1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature v. 96 Trees receive annually their peculiar liveries, and bear their proper fruits.

1792 Ann. Reg. 1789 Chron. 232/2 About ten years ago she received a new set of teeth.

1880 T. Hardy Fellow-townsmen iv. 33 A window niche which had as yet received no frame.

1992 G. Alderman Mod. British Jewry iii. 138 The Anglo-Jewish middle classes..received a new lease of life once the immigrant flow began to accelerate.

18.

a. transitive. To have (some quality, attribute, or property) given, bestowed, or conferred on one. Also intransitive with of.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > be given > a quality or attribute

receivec1350

society > inhabiting and dwelling > providing with dwelling > [verb (transitive)] > afford accommodation to (of place)

lodgec1449

receive1552

booth1594

house1759

hive1812

roost1838

c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 36 (MED) Þou art worþi to resceyue blis & worshipp & vertu.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds ix. 12 He syȝ a man..puttinge to hym hondis, that he receyue [L. recipiat] siȝt.

c1440 (?a1400) W. Nassington Tractus (Thornton) 48 in G. G. Perry Relig. Pieces in Prose & Verse (1914) 64 (MED) We sall reschaife here The lighte of grace, þat gastely gifte es, Of þe.

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 58 (MED) Wyttes restyn hem, Curiosytez vanysshes away, and al þe body ressayues strynght.

1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Pref. Quhilk hes ressauit the office of teching.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 138 They promise obedience, that they may receive life.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 109 Thou Centring receav'st from all those Orbs.

1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. 4 He..receiveth of the smiles and favours of him that is Judg of all.

1708 J. Swift Sentiments Church of Eng.-man i, in Misc. (1711) 115 Those who receive Orders must have some Vices to leave behind them when they enter into the Church.

1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. v. 45 If your mind..should then have received alteration.

1813 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 174 Such collections of stony fragments..receive the name of Moraines.

1883 Catholic Dict. at Reception In many countries..bishops receive power as delegates of the Holy See..to absolve from the censure.

1930 J. H. Jeans Universe around Us (ed. 2) i. 29 They are generally of a faint, hazy appearance, and so have received the general name of ‘nebulae’.

1977 Bon Appétit May 21/3 Harlot's Sauce... The story goes that this sauce received its racy name because it was a favorite of the ladies of the evening in Naples who could whip it up in short order between assignments.

2001 in W. E. Craighead & C. B. Nemeroff Corsini Encycl. Psychol. (ed. 3) II. 502 He received the title of distinguished research professor at York University in l995.

b. transitive. In religious use, with reference to the Holy Spirit.In quot. 1597 with reference to Christ.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > be or cause to be spiritual [verb (transitive)] > receive

receivec1384

edify1636

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds viii. 17 Thanne thei puttiden hondis on hem, and thei receyueden [L. accipiebant] the Hooly Gost.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19544 (MED) Þai praid for þam..þai suld receue [Fairf. resceiue, Gött. reciue] þe haligast.

c1440 (?c1350) in G. G. Perry Relig. Pieces in Prose & Verse (1914) 27 (MED) Þis commandement ordaynes man to reschayfe þe Haly Gaste.

1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 7th Serm. sig. Ccvii Ther be new spirits start vp now of late, that saye after we haue receyued the spyryt, we cannot synne.

1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lvii. 128 We receiue Christ Iesus in baptisme once as the first beginner..of our life.

1648 W. Montagu Miscellanea Spiritualia i. xix. §2 In our copying of this equality and imperturbation, we must profess with the Apostle, We have not received the Spirit of the World, but the Spirit which is of God.

1671 W. Jole Comfortable Words to Afflicted Consciences ii. 44 Christ received the Spirit without measure.

a1726 W. Reeves 14 Serm. (1729) 346 Christ by His second insufflation reinspired the same Spirit, when breathing on His Apostles, He said, Receive ye the Holy Ghost.

1762 J. Wesley Let. 26 Nov. (1931) IV. 377 We have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father.

1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 128 Those sons and daughters of the sons of Zion, having received the Spirit, prophesied, i.e. in divers tongues they spake of the heavenly mysteries.

1972 S. Tugwell (title) Did you receive the spirit?

2004 J. Behr Nicene Faith ii. vi. 315 Basil develops the idea of the Spirit as the ‘form’ of those who have received the Spirit by deploying various Pauline images.

19.

a. transitive. To accept delivery of (something sent, esp. a letter); to be a recipient of.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > correspondence > sending items > send items [verb (transitive)] > receive a letter

receivec1384

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) Deeds xxviii. 21 Nether we han receyued [L. accepimus] lettres of thee from Judee, nether ony of britheren..spake ony yuel thing of thee.

1428 in R. T. Storey Reg. T. Langley (1959) 104 (MED) Please it your holy faderhood to wite that I have receyved your reverent lettres.

?1478 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 649 I haue reseuyd of Alwedyr a lettyr.

a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 48 (MED) Þis Epistel ressayued [L. excepta], Alexander did after his consaill.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 680/2 I receyved but one letter from my father sythe he went in to the countraye.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. ii. 5 Here receiue we, from our Father Stanlie, Lines of faire comfort.

1655 in M. V. Hay Blairs Papers (1929) 171 I haue neuer recaiued on letter..since I depairted from thence.

1695 W. Congreve Love for Love i. 9 He will forswear receiving a Letter from her, and at the same time, shew you her Hand upon the Superscription.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 96 Arundel and Holland gave another kind of Reception to the Letters they Receiv'd.

1798 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) IV. 208 A letter is certainly received here by an individual from Talleyrand.

1804 W. Blake Let. 22 June in Compl. Writings (1969) 849 I write immediately on recieving [sic] the Above Information.

1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere III. vi. xxxvii. 141 Elsmere received a characteristic letter from him.

1933 R. C. Hutchinson Unforgotten Prisoner xii. 386 Next day I received another communication.

1954 I. Murdoch Under Net viii. 116 Dave said he already received more letters than he wanted and there was no sense in inviting yet more by pointless acts of correspondence.

1989 Which? July 355/1 Have you received any badly written or misleading forms and letters about the poll tax from your local authority?

2002 P. Augar & J. Palmer Rise Player Manager viii. 163 We received a letter from Alex..asking for a meeting to talk about ‘getting back into the game’ as he termed it.

b. transitive. To be provided with or given (something); to get or acquire from another or others. Occasionally intransitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)]

thiga864

takeOE

receivea1400

entertain1578

the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > be given

underfoc888

afangOE

underfongc1175

getc1300

latchc1300

undertake1393

receivea1400

to take up1639

to come into ——1672

to fall in for1788

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16470 (MED) Wit his penis forth he lepe he had resaueid [Gött. rescaiued] are.

a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) 993 (MED) Þou schalt ride to Rome & receyue þe croune.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope viii The sellar..delyuerd the hors and receyued the xv. ducattes.

1556 tr. J. de Flores Histoire de Aurelio & Isabelle sig. D3 Sins that I haue of yowre hignesse..so muche goode resauede.

?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 365 Ane William Symsone,..Whome fra scho hes resavit a buike.

1608 T. Hudson tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Ivdith v. 74 in J. Sylvester Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) Come all to Court, and there ye shall resaue A thousand gaines.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 423 The Sun that light imparts to all, receives From all his alimental recompence In humid exhalations.

1689 Answer to Two Papers 34 The very Money that is now receiving, was asked with Two Armies on Foot.

1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. vii. 74 Allow them as much Diet money as their own Soldiers receive.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. xlix. 133 The conquerors of the West would receive their crown from the successors of St. Peter.

1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. III. 411 His mother..residing in one of them..and receiving rent for the others.

1869 W. W. Skeat Langland's Piers Plowman B. xvii. 177 (margin) The palm unfolds the fist, and receives from the fingers.

1891 Ld. Rosebery Pitt ix. 149 The essential point..is to receive in return the services for which the payment is made.

1927 S. T. Warner Mr. Fortune's Maggot 29 Judged as trials of temper..they would have received very high marks.

1963 G. F. Hervey Handbk. Card Games 285 He can twist: that is to say he elects to receive a card face upwards.

2003 A. N. LeBlanc Random Family xii. 122 She received a brown paper bag of hygienes—soap, toothpaste, deodorant—several changes of prison-issue clothes, an assignment to kitchen duty, and a cubicle.

c. transitive. To be the recipient of or obtain (an idea, a piece of news, information, etc.) by communication from another; to learn, ascertain from another.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > be informed of

hearc950

witc1000

haveOE

learnc1175

undergoc1290

takea1333

receivec1400

aherec1450

partakea1593

get1608

intelligence1637

to get wind of1809

to take away1839

c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. vi. 69 (MED) Some to synge masses, oþer sitten and wryte, Rede and receyue þat reson ouhte spende.

c1460 Tree & 12 Frutes (McClean) (1960) 57 (MED) Moyses..had talkid with oure lord and receyued his biddinges.

a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 220 No man cowde yet this science reche But if god sende him a master hym to teche... Also he shalle..Receyve it with moste sacred dredfulle othe.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) 1 Cor. xi. 23 That which I gave vnto you I receaved off the lorde.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. i. 164 Sometimes from her eyes I did receaue faire speechlesse messages.

1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles i. 43 Young Prince of Tyre, you haue at large receiued The danger of the taske you vndertake.

1673 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 139 The process of making Allom, as we partly saw, and partly received from the Workmen.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 86 To enjoyn..that no Presbyter should reveal any thing he should receive in Confession.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. iv. 169 On Mr. Anson's receiving any other intelligence.

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby II. v. viii. 308 This Prince..of whom we receive accounts so conflicting.

1893 Weekly Notes 28 68/2 The date at which he received notice of the receiving order.

1919 M. Mitchell Let. 15 Nov. in Dynamo going to Waste (1985) 48 I have specialed, wired, and sent night letters but have received absolutely no answer.

1999 R. Deakin Waterlog (2000) xxix. 281 An old man with a metal detector and trowel..was clutching his headphones excitedly, as though receiving news of a lottery win.

20.

a. transitive. To have (a blow, wound, etc.) inflicted or made on one (or in some part of the body); to be the recipient of (a specified injury).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > receive injury

receivec1384

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Cor. xi. 24 I reseyuede [L. accepi] of the Jewis fyue sythis fourty strokis oon lesse.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 2076 (MED) His wyȝe..schulde teche hym to tourne to þat tene place Þer þe ruful race he shulde resayue.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 989 Thou hast ressayved a wounde, for thou were never worthy to handyll hit [sc. a sword].

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rev. xiii. 16 He made all..to receave a marke in their right hondes.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xxviii^v The earle receiued such a wound in his head that he departed out of this world.

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. i. v. f. 8^v/1 Hippocrates..reciteth to have cured a certayne personage, which had receaved a shot with an arrowe.

a1671 T. Fairfax Short Mem. (1699) 54 Here I received a shot in the wrist of my arm, which made the bridle fall out of my hand.

1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 162 This Kiaya..after a long fight, received a thrust with a Pike in the Belly.

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xxv. 176 The wound in my uncle Toby's groin, which he received at the siege of Namur.

1797 Encycl. Brit. XI. 282/1 Excision will be of use a considerable time after the bite is received.

1860 Ld. Tennyson Sea Dreams 157 I stood like one that had received a blow.

1898 Daily News 25 Feb. 3/2 One man's thigh was broken, another received a broken jaw.

1929 Evening News 18 Nov. 14/3 He received his injuries as the result of a blow-back in one of the boilers when pulverised fuel was being lit.

1962 I. Murdoch Unofficial Rose iii. xv. 140 As he began to rise he received a sudden blow on the shoulder.

2001 P. P. Read Alice in Exile (2002) i. xii. 97 Alice had been standing, but now she staggered as if she had received a blow.

†b. transitive. Of a ship: to spring (a leak). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1578 G. Best True Disc. Passage to Cathaya iii. 39 The Fleeboate called the Moone, was here heaued aboue the water..and receiued a great leake therby.

1595 Drake's Voy. (1849) 25 The Hope received a leake and was forced to go from the fleete, to an iland.

1613 W. Shute tr. J. J. Orlers & H. van Haestens Triumphs of Nassau 75 [The ship] was shot, and receyued a leake.

1628 World Encompassed by Sir F. Drake 68 Our ship hauing receiued a leake at sea, was brought to-anchor neerer the shoare.

1701 J. Prince Danmonii Orientales Illustres 239 The General's Ship having received a Leak at Sea, they hal'd her nearer the Shoar.

c. transitive. To come in the way of and suffer from (a missile, gun, etc.); to suffer (an electric shock).

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon > oneself > a missile, electric charge, etc.

receive1596

1596 H. Savile Meeting in Libell Spanish Lies 42 What became of the rest of their fleet we know not, but true it was that they were in great distresse mightily beaten and torne, by hauing receiued many Bullets from vs.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. 591 King Henrie the Second..had beene shot therewith quite through the body, had not Sir Hubert Syncter..to save the King received both the arrow and his deaths wound withall.

1716 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad II. v. 712 His bended Arm receiv'd the falling Stone.

1768 Distress'd Lovers 7 The coach was soon attacked by a single highwayman, who, on presenting his piece, received a brace of bullets, which killed him on the spot.

1805 A. Duncan Brit. Trident IV. 227 The boats..(after having beat the launch,..and receiving several guns and small arms from the frigate) boarded.

1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit lii. 598 Mr. Pecksniff started back as if he had received the charge of an electric battery.

1894 T. Hardy Life's Little Ironies 184 She would start from her seat in the chimney-corner as if she had received a galvanic shock, and spring convulsively towards the ceiling.

1950 ‘C. S. Forester’ Mr. Midshipman Hornblower p. vi The columns halted, swayed, received another smashing volley, and another, and fell back in ruin.

1990 Field Jan. 90/2 Both the keeper who missed a grey squirrel with his rimfire rifle, and the punctured hotel waiter who, almost a mile away, received the .22 bullet, have told me their accounts of this missile's trajectory.

21. transitive. To have (a law, direction, etc.) imposed or laid on one; to get as a charge or instruction.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > be subject to [verb (transitive)] > have (law, etc.) imposed on

receivec1384

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) 2 John 4 I foond of thi sones goynge in treuthe, as we receyueden [L. accepimus] maundement of the fadir.

c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 180 With empty wombe, fastynge many a day Receyued he the lawe that was writen With goddes fynger.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Esdras ix. 36 We y^t haue receaued the lawe, perish in synne, and oure hert also which receaued the lawe.

1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Biiij Two champions braue, With armies huge approching to resaue Thy will.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. xxv. 398 They received penaunce, yea sometimes very sharpely.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) ii. iii. 3 Receiue the Sentence of the Law for sinne.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 240 With what eyes could we Stand in his presence humble, and receive Strict Laws impos'd.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 357 Four Lords and eight Commoners,..who were allways to receive Instructions from Themselves.

1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 335 The total herd [of cattle] receiving..a summons to be gay.

1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. II. 25 He reported the case and received directions from the prelate.

1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 82 No man likes to receive laws when they are first imposed.

1921 Act 11 Geo. V c. 9 §4 The Governor-General..shall..make a report through a Secretary of State to His Majesty in order to receive the directions of His Majesty thereon.

1956 W. S. Churchill Hist. Eng.-speaking Peoples II. iv. v. 55 Anne received the sentence with calm and courage. She declared that if the King would allow it she would like to be beheaded like the French nobility, with a sword, and not, like the English nobility, with an axe.

2000 T. Clancy Bear & Dragon lvii. 915 Task Force 77 had been holding station east of the Formosa Strait until receiving orders to race west.

Compounds

attributive. Designating the receiving mode, controls, etc., of a radio or telecommunication system. Cf. receive n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > telecommunication > [adjective] > receiving

receiving1559

receive1906

1906 T. E. Herbert Telegraphy vi. 226 This is, then, the function of the ‘send’ and ‘receive’ switch fixed upon the left side of the key-handle.

1920 Wireless World 7 Aug. 356/1 A send-receive switch.

1970 New Scientist 24 Dec. 554/3 The Applications Technology Satellite 3..provided two transmit and two receive voice channels.

1992 MacWorld June 168/3 The cable's send and receive lines are crossed so that the send line hooks into the receive portion of each port and vice versa.

2000 J. J. Connolly Layer Cake (2004) 169 My phone rings... It's a land-line number, maybe it's Geno. I push the receive button.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	receive
释义	receiven. Brit. /rᵻˈsiːv/, U.S. /rəˈsiv/, /riˈsiv/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: receive v. Etymology: < receive v. The receiving function or mode of an apparatus that can both send and receive signals. Cf. receive v. 14g, Compounds. ΚΠ 1878 R. S. Culley Handbk. Pract. Telegr. (ed. 7) ix. 273 An apparent disadvantage arises from the inability of the receiving station to stop the sender, or reply, until the switch has been turned from send to receive. 1917 E. E. Bucher Pract. Wireless Telegr. ix. 156 Set the..‘send’ and ‘receive’ switch to ‘receive’ (if used with navy switch or break system relay, leave in ‘send’ position always). 1966 ‘A. Hall’ 9th Directive xiii. 121 Loman was buzzing for me so I switched the radio to ‘receive’. ‘Do you hear me, Quiller?’ 2001 Rep. Future DoD Airborne High-frequency Radar Needs/Resources (Defense Sci. Board Task Force) iv. 45 On receive, the signal travels the reverse path, through the phase shifter. 2001 Navy News Sept. 9/4 The Sea Vixen had a complicated fuel system which, if you had left the flight refuelling switch to receive would use the port-wing fuel to the exclusion of the remainder. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). receivev. Brit. /rᵻˈsiːv/, U.S. /rəˈsiv/, /riˈsiv/ Forms: α. Middle English reced (past participle, perhaps transmission error), Middle English receue, Middle English receuif (transmission error), Middle English recevy, Middle English recewe, Middle English receyfe, Middle English receywe, Middle English reconied (past participle, transmission error), Middle English resceiue, Middle English resceive, Middle English resceue, Middle English resceve, Middle English rescewe, Middle English resceyue, Middle English resceyve, Middle English rescheyue, Middle English rescheyve, Middle English reseiue, Middle English reseyu, Middle English reseyue, Middle English reseywe, Middle English resseiue, Middle English resseive, Middle English ressewe, Middle English resseyue, Middle English resseyve, Middle English resteyne (transmission error), Middle English 1600s reseue, Middle English–1500s receve, Middle English–1500s reseyve, Middle English–1600s receaue, Middle English–1600s receave, Middle English–1600s receiue, Middle English–1600s receyue, Middle English–1600s receyve, Middle English–1600s reseve, Middle English– receive, 1500s reiseue, 1500s resceavy, 1500s reseave, 1600s receiu, 1600s– recieve (now nonstandard), 1700s receeve; Scottish pre-1700 raceaue, pre-1700 receaive, pre-1700 receaue, pre-1700 receave, pre-1700 receawe, pre-1700 receiue, pre-1700 receiv, pre-1700 receiwe, pre-1700 receue, pre-1700 receve, pre-1700 recevve, pre-1700 receyue, pre-1700 receyve, pre-1700 recieve, pre-1700 recyeve, pre-1700 reseau, pre-1700 reseave, pre-1700 resef, pre-1700 resefe, pre-1700 reseive, pre-1700 reseue, pre-1700 reseuie, pre-1700 reseve, pre-1700 resewe, pre-1700 resseawe, pre-1700 ressef, pre-1700 resseff, pre-1700 1700s– receive. β. Middle English rasawe, Middle English recaiue, Middle English recaue, Middle English rechaiue, Middle English resaf, Middle English resaif, Middle English resaiue, Middle English resayfe, Middle English resayffe, Middle English resayue, Middle English resaywe, Middle English rescaiue, Middle English rescayue, Middle English reschaife, Middle English reschayfe, Middle English ressaiue, Middle English ressave, Middle English ressavve, Middle English ressayfe, Middle English ressayue, Middle English ressayve, Middle English–1500s 1700s resave, Middle English–1500s ressaue, Middle English–1600s resaue, Middle English–1600s resayve, 1500s recayue, 1500s recayve, 1500s resaive, 1500s resawe (northern), 1500s resayff, 1500s–1600s recave; Scottish pre-1700 racaue, pre-1700 racave, pre-1700 rasaef, pre-1700 rasaf, pre-1700 rasaif, pre-1700 rasaiff, pre-1700 rasaue, pre-1700 rasave, pre-1700 rasave (past participle), pre-1700 rasaw, pre-1700 rasawe, pre-1700 rasawf, pre-1700 rasayff, pre-1700 rassaf, pre-1700 rassaif, pre-1700 rassaue, pre-1700 recaiue, pre-1700 recave, pre-1700 recawe, pre-1700 recayfe, pre-1700 recayve, pre-1700 recaywe, pre-1700 reccaue, pre-1700 resaf, pre-1700 resafe, pre-1700 resaffe, pre-1700 resaif, pre-1700 resaiff, pre-1700 resaiu, pre-1700 resaiue, pre-1700 resaiv, pre-1700 resaive, pre-1700 resaiwe, pre-1700 resaiyve, pre-1700 resaue, pre-1700 resauf, pre-1700 resauve, pre-1700 resav, pre-1700 resave, pre-1700 resavy, pre-1700 resaw, pre-1700 resawe, pre-1700 resayf, pre-1700 resayue, pre-1700 resayve, pre-1700 resaywe, pre-1700 reschaue, pre-1700 ressaf, pre-1700 ressafe, pre-1700 ressaffe, pre-1700 ressaif, pre-1700 ressaiue, pre-1700 ressaiv, pre-1700 ressaive, pre-1700 ressaue (past participle), pre-1700 ressaue, pre-1700 ressave, pre-1700 ressawe, pre-1700 ressayf, pre-1700 ressayve, pre-1700 rissave; Irish English 1800s resaive, 1800s resave. γ. Middle English reciue, Middle English rescyue, Middle English resiue (past participle), Middle English resywe, Middle English reyciue, Middle English–1500s recyve, 1500s–1600s recive; Scottish pre-1700 ressive; N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English reciffe. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French receiver, receivre. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman receiver, receivre, recever, recevre, reseivre, ressaiver, resseiver, etc., and Old French (Northern) receivre (also influenced semantically by Anglo-Norman recoivere and Old French reciwre, reçoivre, and also (with change of conjugation, after verbs ending in -oir , e.g. percevoir perceive v.) Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French, French recevoir (second half of the 10th cent. as reciwre )) to welcome (a person), to give shelter to (a person) (second half of the 10th cent.), to take (something given by another person) into one's hands or one's possession (c1050), to have (a blow, wound, etc.) inflicted on one (c1100), to meet, welcome, or greet (a person) in a specified manner (first half of the 12th cent.), to experience (an emotion, e.g. joy) (second half of the 12th cent.), to undergo (baptism) (second half of the 12th cent.), to take (a wife) in marriage (second half of the 12th cent.), (of God) to listen to, hear (a prayer) (late 12th cent.), to suffer, undergo, be subjected to (something painful or unpleasant) (12th cent. in Anglo-Norman), to entertain (a person) (early 13th cent.), to accept (something) as true or valid, to accept (something) as an authority, rule, or practice (early 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to receive (the sacrament of the Eucharist) (first half of the 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to come into possession of (a city or country) (13th cent.), to admit (a person into a profession) (13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), (of remedies) to be made up of, to contain (13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), (in astrology) to accept (a planet into another planet's house or exaltation) (13th cent. used reflexively, end of the 15th cent. used passively), to be given (money) (late 13th cent. in Anglo-Norman), to admit (a person) to plead or give evidence (1283), to accept (a judgement, decision, etc.) as legal (end of the 13th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to accept (a person) in some capacity or relationship (c1300), to understand or interpret (a text, statement, etc.) in a certain way (beginning of the 14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to permit (a response in a trial) as legal (early 14th cent. or earlier in Anglo-Norman), to accept delivery of, be the recipient of (a letter) (second half of the 14th cent.), to learn, obtain (a piece of news) (second half of the 14th cent.), to be given (instruction) (late 14th cent.), to have (some quality, attribute, or property) given or conferred on one (late 14th cent.), to meet (an enemy) with resistance (end of the 14th cent.), to take (an item of food) in by the mouth (early 15th cent.), to admit (a person) to (one's presence) (1665 in the passage translated in quot. 1687 at sense 8b, or earlier), in Anglo-Norman also to harbour (a criminal) (mid 12th cent. or earlier) < classical Latin recipere to admit, to give shelter to, to entertain, to admit (a person to friendship, citizenship, or other status), to count among, to allow to enter, have room for, (of remedies) to be made up of, to gain possession of, acquire, to have given to one, be in receipt of, to accept, to accept as credible, to approve, allow, to adopt in practice, to undertake, to withdraw, to rescue, to recover, get back, to except, in post-classical Latin also to suffer, undergo (3rd cent.), to receive (in marriage) (5th cent.), to receive (the sacrament of the Eucharist) (7th cent., 16th cent. in British sources), to hear, grant (9th cent.), to learn (1326 in a British source); < re- re- prefix + capere to take: see capture n.). Compare conceive v., deceive v., perceive v.Compare Old Occitan, Occitan recebre (mid 11th cent.), Catalan rebre (late 13th cent., showing loss of medial syllable; mid 11th cent. as †recebre ), Spanish recibir (1100), Portuguese receber (11th cent.), Italian ricevere (a1292). The principal distinction between the senses of the word in English is that between the more active senses included in the earlier branches and the almost passive ones placed at IV. This distinction, however, is not always clear in actual use, and it is often difficult or impossible to determine which aspect of the word is meant to be prominent in particular instances. Owing to the very extensive use of the verb from the 14th cent. onwards, there is also much overlapping of its various applications, and in many examples it is uncertain whether a specific or merely general sense is intended. In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix). I. To admit or accept (a person or thing). 1. a. transitive. To accept (something) as an authority, rule, or practice; to admit the truth or validity of. Cf. received adj. 1. Now chiefly in religious contexts. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)] yknowOE knowc1175 takec1175 undergoc1315 receive1318 takea1333 allowc1350 accept1439 admitc1449 recognize1509 concedea1513 adhibit1542 allow1548 yieldc1571 acquiescatea1586 yield1590 gratify1662 1318 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 108/2 Sua that suilk essonȝie be resavit in court..in presens of the essonȝeouris. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xvi. 21 These men..schewen a custom, the which it is not leueful to vs for to receyue [L. suscipere]. a1450 (a1397) Prol. Old Test. (Harl. 1666) in Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (1850) 2 Holy chirche resceyueth not siche bookis. 1482 W. Caxton Trevisa's Higden v. xiv. 250 b But he plesyd her and other that had resseyued his lawe in this maner [etc.]. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. x. 99 And mychty Rome syne eftir mony ane day Sik ois rasavit has. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xxii. 211 This word egar is as much to say as to wander or stray out of the way, which in our English is not receiued. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §104 This Computation of Eight, is a thing rather receiued, than any true Computation. 1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 21 This appear's plain in the Imperial Law; nor do wee know of any Nation where it is not received. 1709 G. Berkeley Ess. New Theory of Vision §131. 152 An Axiom universally receiv'd. 1790 W. Paley Horæ Paulinæ in Wks. (1825) III. 263 These books were not only received from the beginning, but received with the greatest respect. 1867 J. A. Froude Short Stud. II. 17 It is a gratuitous impertinence to quarrel with the proofs of a conclusion which it is so desirable that all should receive. 1884 D. Hunter tr. E. Reuss Hist. Canon xvii. 349 The duty of approving and receiving Scripture. 1919 I. T. Beckwith Apocalypse of John 82 It may be questioned whether as a historical fact the essence of a single fundamental truth was received by the Hebrews in this way. 1999 A. E. McGrath Reformation Thought (ed. 3) 152 There was a consensus that Scripture was to be received as if it were God himself speaking. †b. transitive. To give credit to; to believe. Also intransitive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > accept as true, believe [verb (transitive)] ylevec888 leve971 ween971 i-weneOE takec1175 trowc1175 truth?c1250 thinka1275 believec1300 trustc1325 hold1340 trist1340 to give (one's) faith to (also unto)c1405 accept?c1430 admitc1449 credencea1529 to take a person at his (also her) word1535 credit1547 faith1576 to take a person's word1576 receive1581 creed1596 understand1751 Adam and Eve1925 buy1926 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xi. 14 Ȝif ȝe wolen resseyuen [L. recipere], he is Ely that is to cume. 1538 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Sarcerius Common Places of Script. f. cxcii To sclaundre the true gospell, & to receyue false opinions. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 68 Of opinion that your bare braules, shalbe receaved as infallible truthes. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) iii. iv. 189 I will..driue the Gentleman (as I know his youth will aptly receiue it) into a most hideous opinion [etc.] . View more context for this quotation 1692 G. Burnet Serm. 22 I form..too bright an Idea to be easily received by such as did not know him. a1698 C. Marshall Sion's Travellers Comforted (1704) 133 Sorrow comes on many daily, who have received false Reports of an innocent People. 1785 W. Cowper Task v. 855 They..speak in ears That hear not or receive not their report. 1868 R. Browning Ring & Bk. II. vi. 249 This stupid lie, Its liar never dared propound in Rome, He gets Arezzo to receive. c. transitive. To give assent to, to pass (a law). Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > law > legislation > make (laws) or establish as law [verb (transitive)] > pass a (law) receivea1538 pass1667 a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 11 Lawys..receyvyd & stablyschyd for the mayntenaunce..of vertue. 1686 F. Philipps Investigatio Jurium Antiquorum xxix. 576 The Speaker of the House of Commons presented a Bill on the behalf of Thomas Brooke against William Widecombe;..which Bill was received, and the said William Widecombe was notwithstanding bound in a 1000 pound to hear his Judgment in Chancery. 1757 tr. Abbé Reynal Short View Hist. Eng. viii. 228 The Bill of exclusion was prepared, and immediately received by the Commons, and afterwards carried up to the Lords. 1888 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion (new ed.) I. iv. 471 The greatest invitation to the House of Commons so irregularly to receive [1702 Revive] that bill to remove the bishops. 1932 H. L. Gray Infl. Commons on Early Legislation x. 346 The bills ‘pur especials persones’ were..group bills; and such had long been received by the commons. 2005 D. F. McKenzie & M. Bell Chronol. & Cal. Documents London Bk. Trade III. 216 The Bill was received by the Lords the following day. 2. a. transitive. To take or accept (a person) in some capacity or relationship. With as (also †for, †to, †to be) or with simple predicate. to receive in marriage = to take in marriage at marriage n. 1b. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > have social communication with [verb (transitive)] > admit (a person) into relation with oneself receivec1330 the mind > language > statement > acceptance, reception, or admission > accept, receive, or admit [verb (transitive)] > a person receivec1330 admitc1410 commit1598 the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > receive or accept as or into some relation > a person receivec1330 accept1397 c1330 Horn Child 266 in J. Hall King Horn (1901) 182 (MED) Houlac king was wel hende, Ressaiued hem niȝen..Her maister for to be. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. 2709 (MED) As for my Sone and for myn Eir I thee receive. c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 3478 (MED) Alexander..Resayued to his riche quene Rosan his doȝtir. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xiii. vii. 79 I the ressaue..As son in law and successour to me. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome iv. ii Oure progenitouris contempnit nocht strangearis, bot ressauit þame to be kingis. 1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. vii. 16 b One of the Moores, which was receiued for Pilot. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 219 Conran receaueng in mariage Ada the sister of Ambrose. 1644 in S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Islands (1822) 602 The Assyze being recavit, sworn and admittit. 1654 E. Wolley tr. ‘G. de Scudéry’ Curia Politiæ 79 He was chearfully received Generall to that victorious Army. 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 883 Why then Didst thou at first rec [e] ive me for thy husband? View more context for this quotation 1747 Minutes Grand Comm. St. Thomas's Hosp. (MS.) July An application was made to this Committee to receive a young man as ‘Pupil or Dresser’ in the Hospital. 1769 F. Brooke Hist. Emily Montague IV. cxxix. 70 Tell her..that I will receive her as my guardian angel. 1835 O. Pratt in Utah Gen. & Hist. Mag. (1938) 29 34 I baptized Sarah Marinda Bates, near Sacketts Harbor, whom I received in marriage upwards of one year after. 1855 E. B. Pusey Doctr. Real Presence Note S. 84 We may receive the good Lord as our indweller. 1903 A. C. Plowden Grain of Chaff? ii. 19 I was consigned to the care of a clergyman in Yorkshire, who had a small school and received a certain number of Indian children as boarders. 1998 Sunday Tel. 25 Jan. (Review section) 1/1 In my hand I clutched an envelope containing my diplomatic credentials, in which the President asks the Queen to receive me as his representative. †b. transitive. To admit (a person) to plead or give evidence. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > pleading > maintain by argument in court [verb (transitive)] > admit a plea or pleader receive1503 1503–4 Act 19 Hen. VII c. 14 §6 Every such infourmour..shalbe receyved to sue vppon the seid matter by informacion. 1533 T. More Apologye xli. f. 228^v Why shold we fynde so greate a fawte, that suche wytnesse sholde be receyued in a cause of heresye, as are receyued not onely in a cause of treason, but of murder also? 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Lll2^v/2 He in the reuersion commeth in, and prayeth to be receiued to defend the land, and to plead with the Demandant. 1647 Ld. Clarendon Hist. Rebellion iv. §130 The law was clear that less than two witnesses ought not [to] be received in case of treason. 1717 W. Nelson Law Evid. viii. 149 Several Witnesses were received and allowed, to prove that William Maynard did at several Times discourse and declare the same Things..that he testified now. 1795 C. Runnington Hist. Legal Remedy by Ejectment 378 In no case, not even in that of a settlement, can a wife be received to give evidence, tending to criminate her husband. 3. To admit to a place; esp. to give accommodation or shelter to; to harbour. a. transitive. With personal object and in (also into, within) (a house, city, one's arms, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > let in > let in a person to let inc1000 receivea1382 to take inc1450 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come into [verb (transitive)] > let in > let in a person > specifically of a place receivea1382 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) Judges xix. 15 When þei entrydyn þei setyn in þe strete of þe citee & no man hem wolde resceyuyn in hous [a1425 L.V. resseyue..to herbore; L. recipere..hospitio]. a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1869) I. 22 Oþir tenauntis of þe lord shall resceyve me into þere housis. c1475 tr. C. de Pisan Livre du Corps de Policie (Cambr.) (1977) 158 (MED) He..prayed theim that they wolde receyue him in to their citee. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) John vi. f. cxxviij Then wolde they have receaved hym into the shippe. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccliiij The Senate refused to make surrender or to receiue a power into the citie. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 20 Another gate..by which passengers are receiued into the City by night. a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iii. sig. G3^v Receive these Indians, lately sent him from Virginia, into your house. 1713 J. Addison Cato i. ii To-morrow should we thus express our friendship, Each might receive a slave into his arms. 1775 J. Ash New Dict. Eng. Lang. Snuggle, to receive into the bosom, to receive into a snug place. 1805 W. Scott Lay of Last Minstrel iv. xxi. 112 Either receive within thy towers Two hundred of my master's powers, Or [etc.]. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 430 The Reception Order of a justice is sufficient authority to take the patient to, and to receive him in an asylum, or to detain him there if he has already been removed on an Urgency Order. 1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love xxvii. 411 The passion of gratitude with which he received her into his soul..could never be understood by her. 2003 E. Powell tr. S. Jamal Arabian Flavours 205 Every woman has permission, or the right, to receive her friends into the house, one day a month. b. transitive. Without prepositional phrase. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > providing with dwelling > [verb (transitive)] > provide with temporary accommodation innOE harbourc1150 gestena1300 guestc1330 hostelc1330 receivec1384 sojourn1390 harbry14.. shroudc1450 bestow1577 accommodate1592 board1600 quarter1603 stow1607 to put up1635 billet1637 lodge1741 room1840 to fix (a person) up1889 summer-board1889 shack1927 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > seek (refuge) [verb (transitive)] > shelter > specifically a person, esp. fugitive receiptc1300 resetc1300 harbour?a1366 receivec1384 harbry14.. recept1472 receive1533 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xxviii. 7 Puplius..the which resceyuynge [L. suscipiens] vs thre dayes benygnely..fond vs. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. 1287 (MED) To his In..He goth him straght and was resceived. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 2252 Beside þe bath, a temple he dight..þe folk to resceyue & serue. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 43 (MED) Men resceyued þere all manere of fugityfes of oþer places for here euyl dedes. 1565 T. Cooper Thesaurus at Occultator A place meete to receyue and hide theeues in. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. iv. 91 Take heede what ghests you receiue, receiue (saies he) no swaggering companions. View more context for this quotation 1640 in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright 24 Sept. (1855) 53 Nae hostler, heritor or yeoman..shall ressaive any such maisterless or idle man. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 8 It..drove out the Spanish Garrison, and receiv'd a French one. 1757 A. R. Curiosities of Paris iv. 62 General Hospital, is a small Distance from the City... They receive all Kinds of Patients upon Application, such as Women with Child, Foundlings, Orphans, and Lunatics. 1846 Penny Cycl. Suppl. II. 165/2 A married woman also shall not be liable to conviction for receiving her husband. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Guinevere in Idylls of King 232 O peaceful Sisterhood, Receive, and yield me sanctuary. 1932 T. E. Lawrence tr. Homer Odyssey xiii I made for a Phoenician ship and laid suit to its grave masters, paying them liberally from my war-spoil to receive me aboard and set me down either at Pylos or in Elis the Epean headquarters. 1990 Opera Now May 22/2 For deservedly expensive table linens, Giorgio Calligaris..receives by appointment, while Loretta Caponi in the Borgo Ognissanti caters to the bed and boudoir. c. transitive. With non-personal object and adverbial complement. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > seek (refuge) [verb (transitive)] > shelter > specifically a person, esp. fugitive receiptc1300 resetc1300 harbour?a1366 receivec1384 harbry14.. recept1472 receive1533 1533 T. Paynell tr. U. von Hutten De Morbo Gallico sig. C8^v Medicines receyued into the body, whan they had ben kept in the lower partis, were driuen back again into the heed. 1545 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 10 The said pryse of Portingal takin be the saidis Franchemen may be ressavit in this realm. 1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Gv^v A large & wyde sea, which..receaueth in shyppes towardes euery parte of the lande. 1647 J. Hall Poems i. 65 What dost thou thinke I can retaine All this and sprout it out againe? As a surcharged Whale doth spew Old Rivers to receive in new. 1658 J. Evelyn tr. N. de Bonnefons French Gardiner 284 Let them lie..in the Sun to mortifie them a little, that they may the better receive in the Salt. 1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 191 No Bleechers shall receive into their Bleecheries any Linens which are not so mark'd. 1781 S. Johnson Watts in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets VIII. 17 His Logick has been received into the universities. 1896 W. H. Hutton Philip Augustus v. 116 The bishop of Limoges did homage..and his see was received into the king's direct domain. 1969 R. Renehan Greek Textual Crit. 27 As the rarer verb, it is a lectio difficilior and should be received into the text here. 1994 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 26 Dec. a18/2 How many imports, by dollar volume, do we receive into our state, and how many man-hours does it require to produce those? 4. a. transitive. To admit (a person or thing) to (also into, in, etc.) a state, condition, privilege, occupation, etc. (Now only in sense 4b.) ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > existence > intrinsicality or inherence > introduction or bringing in > introduce or bring something in [verb (transitive)] > receive or imbibe receivec1384 conceivea1450 catch1533 suck1586 to suck ina1640 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mark v. 37 He resceyuede [a1425 L.V. took; L. admisit] not ony man to sue him, no but Petre and James and John. a1425 Ordination of Nuns (Lansd.) in E. A. Kock Rule St. Benet (1902) 141 (MED) This is þe furme how A Nouice sall be made & resaiuid to religiun. c1450 (c1370) G. Chaucer A.B.C. (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 35 Herebefore ful often Vn-to mercy hastow receyved me. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 127 He resauit him till his pes. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) ix. 523 The chiftanis in hy can ta Thair way to buttill, for till be Resauit in-to gude savite. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms lxxii[i]. 24 Thou ledest me with thy councel, and afterwarde receauest me vnto glory. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 314 The king forgyues him, and receaues him in his fauour. a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 371* We..do crave to be received and adopted into the same Lawes and Priviledges which your other Subjects enjoy. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ Ded. The greatest ambition of the Author of it, is, to have it received into your Patronage and Protection. 1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi iii. i. iv. 55/2 Those who are betrusted to receive Men unto Ordinances in Churches. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1784 II. 579 [Johnson] Receive me, at my death, to everlasting happiness. 1864 M. E. Braddon Henry Dunbar II. 211 A lady whom she used to receive to music lessons. b. transitive. spec. To admit (a person) to membership of a society, class, organization, etc. Usually with into; also with †among.In later use esp. with reference to the Roman Catholic Church. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > [verb (transitive)] > admit to membership of a society receive1389 take?a1425 admit1713 1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 21 (MED) No brother ne sister shal be resceyued into yis gilde bot by ye Alderman and xii bretheren of ye gilde. a1450 Rule St. Benet (Vesp.) (1902) 2201 Fro time þai resauyd be, All salbe sarued in o degre. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome iv. ii Haue we nocht ressauit sindri of the house of Claudius..amang þe nowmer of patricianis? 1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 5th Serm. sig. Pii They that wyl not for the offyce sake receyue other, regarde more the flese then the flocke. 1640 in W. Stevenson Presbyterie Bk. Kirkcaldie (1900) 159 Being frequentlie convened, the bailies and elders of the said burgh resaved Mr. Andro verie willinglie. 1679 tr. Trag. Hist. Jetzer 2 He intreated the Fathers..to Receive him into their Covent. 1724 D. Waterland Crit. Hist. Athanasian Creed vi. 89 One may..infer, that This Creed was not received into the Roman Offices so early as the year 809. 1742 in J. O. Payne Old Eng. Catholic Missions (1889) 28 Dec. 15. I received into the Church Margarite Stabler of Thornton, wife of Will. Stabler. 1843 Baptist Reporter Jan. 48 Forty-five persons have been received by immersion into the church. 1894 J. S. Forsyth Forms of Service Church of Scotl. 42 Your brethren in office will receive you into the Kirk-Session by giving you the right hand of fellowship. 1933 A. White Frost in May i. 8 I'm a convert... I was only received into the Church a year ago. 1965 in W. Schneemelcher New Test. Apocr. II. xi. 77 The apostolic secret tradition..is accessible..to all those who have been received into the church..as full Christians. 1986 E. Longford Pebbled Shore (1988) xiii. 196 Father Wulfstan was ready to receive him into the Catholic Church. 2004 Times Lit. Suppl. 17 Dec. 19/3 His father, Isaac d'Israeli,..had his four children received into the Anglican Church when Disraeli was twelve. 5. a. transitive. To take, accept, regard, hear, etc. (something offered or presented, or to which attention is given) in a specified manner or with a specified expression of feeling; to accord such a reception. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > follow (a course of behaviour) [verb (transitive)] > receive anything with specific behaviour receivea1393 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vii. 2319 (MED) Thessamplerie Of Arisippe is wel received, And thilke of Diogene is weyved. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 172 (MED) He toke not to hevynesse the damagis that hym befell, but..ham rescewyth lyghtly. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xvj His bokes are ioyfullye receiued and red of good and well learned men. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet ii. ii. 130 But how hath she receiu'd his loue? View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xii. 503 Thus they win Great numbers of each Nation to receave With joy the tidings brought from Heav'n. View more context for this quotation 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 287 This, tho' a known Truth to any, who knew any thing of the Law, was received with Noise and Clamour. 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Pref. sig a The great Approbation, with which so polite a nation as France has received the Satyrical and Burlesque Dictionary of Monsieur Le Roux [etc.]. 1815 H. H. Brackenridge Mod. Chivalry (rev. ed.) I. ii. i. 47 Persons who either took or pretended to take, some interest in my affairs, have urged me very much to depart a little from my usual way, and make use of a little irony;..for, in this case, it would be received better, and procure more readers. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People ii. §8. 105 The brutal murder was received with a thrill of horror throughout Christendom. a1902 S. Butler Way of All Flesh (1903) xlvi. 208 The essay..created quite a sensation, and on the whole was well received. 1951 W. Lewis Rotting Hill i. 2 He would have insisted upon holding divine service anglo-catholicly for English passengers, with a parade of Roman formularies, which..would not have been well received. 1991 Times Educ. Suppl. 15 Mar. 24/4 Jargon is severely discouraged, as are acronyms. My use of the term ‘interpersonal skills’ was received with frosty amusement. b. transitive. To take, accept, or understand (a thing) to be, regard or interpret as. With as, †for. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > consider to be, account as telleOE talec897 seeOE letc1000 holdc1200 reckon1340 aima1382 accounta1387 counta1387 judgec1390 takea1400 countc1400 receivec1400 existimatec1430 to look on ——?c1430 makec1440 reputea1449 suppose1474 treatc1485 determinea1513 recount?c1525 esteem1526 believe1533 estimate?1533 ascribe1535 consider1539 regard1547 count1553 to look upon ——1553 take1561 reck1567 eye?1593 censure1597 subscribe1600 perhibit1613 behold1642 resent1642 attributea1657 fancy1662 vogue1675 decount1762 to put down1788 to set down1798 rate1854 have1867 mean1878 the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > view in a certain way findOE telllOE to take for ——a1393 receivec1400 notec1440 reputec1475 esteem1532 read1591 estimate1609 relish1617 set1648 resent1649 view1715 contemplate1785 c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xv. 502 (MED) Now is routhe to rede how þe red noble Is reuerenced or þe Rode, receyued for þe worthier Þan crystes crosse. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 103 Man may in his lady tak sic delyt..And for his hevin rassaif hir cullour quhyt. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 259 This he for a takne ressaiuet and sygne, that the end of his lyfe was at hande. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. i. 126 This from a dying man receiue as certaine. View more context for this quotation 1671 J. Milton Samson Agonistes 473 These words I as a Prophecy receive . View more context for this quotation 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 187. ⁋1 The Doctrine is received amongst you as Orthodox. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. iii. 81 Which Theodosian code was the only book of civil law received as authentic in the western part of Europe till many centuries after. a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) III. iv. 58 He thought it a very degrading alliance; and Lady Russell..received it as a most unfortunate one. View more context for this quotation 1835 J. Waterworth Exam. Princ. Protestantism 95 Did this unrivalled Biblist acknowledge any writings as divine, which the Jews did not receive as canonical? 1861 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) 20 Apr. 185/2 The sufferings of Mr. Bennett..would scarcely be received as an excuse..for a non-issue of the Herald. 1931 Fortune Aug. 52/1 The long pipe line was received as the seven-league boots of the industry. 1984 K. Chase Eros & Psyche Introd. 3 What the Victorians offer as reasons, we receive as rationalizations. 2006 Time Out N.Y. 13 July 109/4 Haneke's dour blast is commonly received as the conclusion of a ‘trilogy of glaciation’ (in the director's own words). II. spec. To admit or accept (a person) into one's company; to meet, welcome. 6. transitive. To meet, welcome or greet (a person) in a specified manner. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use courteous actions or expressions to [verb (transitive)] > welcome > meet on arrival > in specific manner receivec1330 c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 3376 (MED) Al, þat euer wald þider gon, Curteyseliche were ressaiued anon. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 298 The moder of the Sowdan..Receyueth hire with also glad a cheere. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. (1482) ccxliii. 287 Our kynge with al his lordes goodly and worshipfully hym resceyued and welcomed hym. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) ii. 163 He resawyt him in gret daynte. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 5297 Þo prise men two Wentte with þat worthy vnto his won riche, Receyuit with reuerence & renke of astate. 1585 R. Grenville Voy. Made in R. Hakluyt Principal Navigations XIII. 296 At the landing of our Generall, the Spanish Gouernour receiued him very courteously, and the Spanish Gentlemen saluted our English Gentlemen, and their inferiour sort did also salute our Souldiers and Sea men. c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 10 The Queene of Scottes..was richly receaved, and rode thorowe London. 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso 418 This Duke visited..Prospero Colonna, of whom he was received with all sorts of honour. a1719 J. Addison Dialogues Medals in Wks. (1721) I. ii. 484 Well received among the Prætorian guards, and afterwards declared their Emperor. 1782 F. Burney Cecilia II. iii. ix. 118 Mrs. Delvile received her with the most distinguished politeness. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 101 The lord mayor came to quell the tumult, but was received with cries of ‘No wooden gods’. 1853 J. H. Newman Hist. Sketches (1873) II. i. i. 30 Attila..had received the Roman ambassadors, as a barbarian indeed, but as a king. 1900 J. Conrad Lord Jim i. 2 A..shop..where her [sc. a ship's] commander is received like a brother by a ship-chandler. 1979 C. P. Snow Coat of Varnish III. xxvii. 222 Thirkill received him with the overwhelming heartiness of a politician on the rise. 2001 R. G. Castro Chicano Folklore 193 Cortés was well received because he was thought to be Quetzalcoatl and the conquest of the Aztecs by the Spaniards was legitimized. 7. To treat (a person) in a familiar or friendly manner; to welcome and entertain as a guest, esp. at one's home. a. transitive. In religious contexts, with reference to the acceptance of a person (or humankind) by God, or of Christ by a person (or by humankind). ΚΠ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John i. 11 He cam in to his owne thingis, and hise receyueden [L. receperunt] not him. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 236 Þouȝe he to-day fro hys god weyue, To-morwe hys god wyl hym receyue. a1450 Pater Noster Richard Ermyte (Westm. Sch. 3) (1967) 44 (MED) Þouȝ þe synful..neuer so ofte haþ synned, turne hym to me & I hym wole resceyue. a1500 Gospel of Nicodemus (Harl. 149) (1974) 117 (MED) Lorde, y worschyp the, for thou hast resseyued me and suffryst that myne enemyes come not vppon me. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xlviii. [xlix.] 15 God shal deliuer my soule from the power of hell, when he receaueth me. 1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 87 Aduert till Goddis word and Discipline, Ressaif his Sone. 1606 G. Downame Funerall Serm. 28 He that thus receiueth Christ, is esteemed of God. 1668 J. Owen Pract. Expos. 130th Psalm in Wks. (1851) VI. 415 What love and tenderness there is in God to receive us. 1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. III. 53 God..could not so receive and assert an Impostor. 1797 J. Pearson Twelve Serm. iv. 46 Not to embrace and receive Jesus Christ when offered to us in the gospel, is a most heinous sin. 1852 Ld. Tennyson Ode Wellington 281 God accept him, Christ receive him. 1955 B. Graham Secret of Happiness 74 When we have properly confessed and renounced our sins and by faith received Christ into our hearts, then we receive a new heart from God. 1985 J. Wimber & K. Springer Power Evangelism ix. 140 Terms like ‘Trinity’ and ‘receiving Christ as Saviour’ are not found in the New Testament either, yet few object to their use. b. transitive. In general contexts.Now usually implying some degree of formality. ΚΠ a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4939 (MED) I receiud [Trin. Cambr. serued] þam and warnd ham noght Of alle thing þai me be-soght. c1450 (c1380) G. Chaucer House of Fame (Fairf. 16) (1878) l. 339 Anoon as we haue yow receyved [c1475 Bodl. 638 continues Certenly we ben deceyuyd]. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 303 The other prisoners..went to see the king at their pleasure, and were receyued onely vpon their faythes. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Cor. xi. 16 Let no man thinke mee a foole; if otherwise, yet as a foole receiue me. View more context for this quotation 1692 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) II. 429 The lord mayor has declared no coffee men in London shall receive guests on Sunday. 1703 R. Steele Tender Husband i. i He is a Gentleman so Receiv'd, so Courted, and so Trusted. 1785 W. Cowper Task iii. 81 A waif, Desirous to return, and not received. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xiii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 280 It could not discommode you to receive any of his Grace's visiters or mine. 1885 M. Collins Prettiest Woman in Warsaw I. ii. 29 ‘She shall be received at my house’ said Prince Sacha. 1908 Westm. Gaz. 14 Feb. 6/3 The Empress was sufficiently well two or three days ago to receive Count Schouvaloff... This is the first audience the illustrious malade has given for some months. 1981 A. Schlee Rhine Journey x. 130 She was preparing to be a hostess again: to receive to her abode admittedly a mere policeman, but a policeman. 2000 C. Achebe Home & Exile 11 Our home was open to them all, and my father received his peers and relatives..with kola nut and palm-wine in that piazza, just as my mother received her visitors in the parlour. †c. transitive. Astrology. With reference to the acceptance of one planet into another planet's house, exaltation, or other dignity. Cf. reception n. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > as influence on mankind > influence [verb (transitive)] > receive receivec1400 c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §4. 19 The lord of the ascendent..is..in a succedent, where-as he is in his dignite & conforted with frendly aspectys of planetes & [wel] resceiued. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 209 O fieble Moone..Thow knyttest thee ther thow nart nat receyued. 1583 J. Harvey Astrol. Addition sig. D5^v Immediatly after the terme or end of these effects, Mercury shall receiue both Saturne and Iupiter. 1676 W. Lilly Anima Astrologiæ 21 When the Moon is joyned to any planet that receives her, then that planet commits its disposition to her. 1728 J. Thomson Spring 3 From Aries rolls the bounteous Sun, And the bright Bull receives Him. 1784 E. Sibly New & Compl. Illustr. Astrol. (new ed.) ii. 300 If it shall happen that the Moon or lord of the ascendant be joined to a malefic planet, and an unfortunate planet receives them, the querent will then obtain his desire. d. intransitive. To welcome and entertain visitors; to hold receptions. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [verb (intransitive)] > hold reception receive1830 society > leisure > social event > visit > visiting > visit [verb (intransitive)] > receive visitors to sit up1777 receive1830 1830 B. Disraeli Let. 14 July (1982) I. 136 Mrs Brackenbury ‘receives’ every evening... It is agreeable to take refuge in a house which is literally a palace covered with pictures. 1855 J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon xxviii. 445 He declared that she should be crowned with him, and that she should receive at his side. 1877 World 7 No. 180. 4 He goes into society, or, what is still more agreeable to him, receives at home. 1902 H. James Wings of Dove ix. xxxii. 499 ‘I'm commissioned to ask you from her to go and see her.’.. He was..bewildered. ‘Then she can receive—?’ 1961 F. O'Connor Let. Aug. in Habit of Being (1980) 447 I am writing a longish story in the morning & receiving on the front porch in the afternoon. 1990 N. De Mille Gold Coast ii. ix. 90 You must forgive us for not calling on you, but we weren't certain if you were settled in and receiving. 8. a. transitive. To meet (a person) with signs of welcome or salutation; to greet or acknowledge (someone) on arrival or entrance. See also sense 6. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use courteous actions or expressions to [verb (transitive)] > welcome > meet on arrival keep1340 receivec1384 recounterc1500 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) Deeds xxviii. 30 He receyuede [L. suscipiebat] alle that entriden to him. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 15059 (MED) Þe receiues þin aun folk, And welcums þe hame. c1430 J. Lydgate Select. Minor Poems (1840) 3 Alle of assent..Ther noble Kyng were glad to resseyve. c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 578 (MED) He was resseyued and rychely dyȝt And wyste of no treson. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxliii. 287 The dukes sone of Barre with a fayre meyny resseyued this worthy lady. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. vi. 4 b Ther came with him..captaines and Ianissaries to receiue the Ambassadour. 1633 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Glasgow (1881) II. 14 [To] go to Sanctandrois to sie the archiebischop of Glasgow ressauit thair. 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World vi. 158 The Indian neighbourhood..were our fast friends, and ready to receive and assist us. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 254 The City of London made great Preparations to receive the King. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. lxxii. 258 She shot to the stairs-head to receive him. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam lxxxiii. 118 The great Intelligences fair That range above our mortal state..Received and gave him welcome there. View more context for this quotation 1883 Howells in Harper's Mag. Dec. 81/1 You stay here and receive him, Nettie. 1902 O. Wister Virginian xxxvi. 500 Mrs. Wood, waiting in her parlor, had embraced her daughter and received her son-in-law. 1983 J. F. Hendry Sacred Threshold ii. 21 Rilke went boldly to the castle there, introduced himself and was received by Prince Thurn. †b. transitive. To admit to one's presence. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 85 The Grand Signior..is willing first to see what he hath brought, before he receive him to Audience [Fr. deuant que de le receuoir à l'audience]. III. To take (in) or accept (something); to permit (something) to be done, submit. 9. a. transitive. To take into one's hands or one's possession (something offered or given by another); to take delivery of (something) from another, either for oneself or for a third party. Also intransitive, occasionally with of.This sense is distinguished from sense 10a in that the notion of taking into one's possession is here more significant than that of acceptance. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > accept onfangeOE fangOE to take with ——lOE takec1175 understandc1200 afangc1275 receivec1330 accepta1382 'lowa1382 except1393 to take up1570 to take a person up on (something)1807 to take up1810 c1330 Roland & Vernagu (Auch.) (1882) 125 When charls had reseiued þat þing, He bisouȝt ihu..to wite..Ȝif þe relikes verray were. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1260 (MED) William..receyued of þat riche duk realy his swerde. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Mark xii. 2 A man..sente..a seruaunt, that he schulde receyue [v.r. take; a1425 L.V. resseyue; L. acciperet] of the fruyt. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7746 (MED) Nou her i leue þe kinges glaiue, Yee send a man at it receiue [Gött. rescayue]. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 2230 (MED) Þe lytulle childus honde he streyȝte forthe þo To resayue þat tapre wyth þe lyȝt. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 1134 ‘Here ys my glove’..‘I resceyve youre glove,’ seyde sir Launcelot. 1508 Golagros & Gawane (Chepman & Myllar) sig. aiiii^v This kyth and this castell Firth forest and fell..Ressaue as your awin. 1539 Bible (Great) Matt. xvii. 24 They that vse to receaue tribute-money cam to Peter. a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) i. ii. 40 He would haue giuen it you, but I being in the way, Did in your name receiue it. View more context for this quotation 1657 Bp. H. King Exequy in Poems (1843) 34 And for sweet flowres to crown thy hearse, Receive a strew of weeping verse. a1744 A. Pope Wks. (1751) IV. 339 Aw'd, on my bended knees I fell, Receiv'd the weapons of the sky. 1797 Encycl. Brit. III. 391/2 The receipt..must be signed by the person receiving. a1822 P. B. Shelley Cyclops in Posthumous Poems (1824) 347 He..Received it, and at one draught drank it off. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 210 In one cold passive hand Received at once and laid aside the gems. 1876 J. Grant Hist. Burgh Schools Scotl. ii. xiv. 478 Fastern's E'en when the Master received from the boys a small contribution under the name of Cock-Money. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 938/1 No licensed teacher now could or would receive a body without a medical certificate and a warrant from the inspector of anatomy. 1987 R. Mistry Tales from Firozsha Baag 28 Every morning I receive her milk and bread so she does not have to wake up early. b. transitive. Of a god: to take (a soul, spirit, etc.) to himself in death. Cf. sense 10. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > heaven > [verb (transitive)] > receive into receivec1330 assume1436 assumpt1530 enheaven1848 c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) 4222 (MED) Mahoun, Gouin, and Gibiter, Reseue now me saule her, For wel ich wot, ich am dede. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds vii. 58 Thei stoonyden Steuene..seyinge, Lord Jhesu, receyue [v.r. take; L. suscipe] my spirit. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19472 (MED) To þe iesu Yeild i mi gast, receuif [Gött. reciue] it nu! ?a1450 Metrical Life Christ (1977) 92 (MED) Sche ȝelde vp þe goste And Iesu Crist..Resseyued hit ful derely Bitwene his hondes softely. c1500 (?a1437) Kingis Quair (1939) cxxiii (MED) Perpetualye Ressave I sall your saulis of my grace. 1594 1st Pt. Raigne Selimus sig. I^v Thou God of Christians, Receiue my dying soule into thy hands. a1639 J. Dyke Right Receiving of Christ (1640) iv. 56 Then full faine wilt thou be to have Chirst [sic] Iesus receive thy soule. 1682 T. Wilson Serm. Martyrdom King Charles I 26 Holding up his hands (as well as he could) to heaven, he fervently cryed out, Lord Iesus; have mercy on my soul, and receive my spirit. 1716 B. Booth Death of Dido 21 Kind Goddess,..Receive a Soul oppress'd with Grief. 1789 W. Blake Night in Songs of Innocence But if they rush dreadful; The angels most heedful, Recieve [sic] each mild spirit, New worlds to inherit. 1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. viii. 32 Jesu, do Thou my soul receive. 1835 W. Wordsworth At Grave of Burns in Poems (1842) 55 May He who halloweth the place Where Man is laid Receive thy Spirit in the embrace For which it prayed! 1904 J. Conrad Nostromo iii. viii. 356 She was dead. But would God consent to receive her soul? She had died without confession or absolution. 1910 A. Bierce Coll. Wks. III. 322 ‘Almighty God, our Father,’ said I... ‘Forgive us our sins,’ said I... ‘And receive our souls.’ ‘Amen!’ 2000 N. Sykes in A. Hastings et al. Oxf. Compan. Christian Thought 154/1 As they were stoning him, Stephen said in invocation, ‘Lord Jesus, receive my spirit’. c. transitive. To be the recipient of (words, advice, etc.) through hearing or listening to another; (hence) to attend to, listen to, heed. Also used intransitively with of. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > attention > take notice of, heed [verb (transitive)] yemec897 understandc1000 beseea1225 heeda1225 bihedec1250 tentc1330 to look into ——c1350 rewardc1350 undertakea1382 considerc1385 recorda1393 behold?a1400 receivea1425 advertc1425 attend1432 advertise?a1439 regard1526 respect1543 eye?c1550 mind1559 panse1559 to take knowledge of1566 to consider of1569 suspect1590 pass1609 matter1652 watch1676 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (transitive)] > listen to listenc950 hearOE hearkenc1000 listc1175 to-heara1250 tend1340 attenda1400 to lay ear toa1400 receivea1425 intenda1500 ear1582 exhause1599 auscultate1892 catch1906 the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > be a recipient [verb (intransitive)] receivea1425 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Prov. ii. 1 Mi sone, if thou resseyuest [a1382 E.V. vndertakest; L. susceperis] my wordis, and hidist myn heestis anentis thee. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Prov. x. A A wyse man wil receaue warnynge. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Deut. xxxiii. 3 They shall set them selues downe at thy fete, and receaue of thy wordes. 1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. lii. f. 305 Madame sith it pleaseth you to receyue myne aduise [etc.]. c1613 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 91 I have a dedimus potestatem out of the Escheker..derected to Sir Guy Fayrfax, to resayve your hothes and my ladyes. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 22 Our hearts receiue your warnings. View more context for this quotation 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 92. ¶2 I have deferred furnishing my Closet with Authors, till I receive your Advice. 1748 D. Hume Philos. Ess. Human Understanding x. 185 With what Greediness are the miraculous Accounts of Travellers receiv'd. 1800 tr. Invisible Man II. 208 You have received my oath; I am incapable of forfeiting it. 1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 80 Receive news, O fisherman. 1896 W. H. Hutton Philip Augustus ii. 51 He..charged the archbishop of Rheims and others to receive the oath of fealty from his new vassals. 1930 W. H. Waldron Old Sergeant's Conferences vii. 122 To ‘Re-up’ is to reenlist on the day following discharge... The ‘Up’ refers to holding up his hand to receive the oath of enlistment. 1992 D. Morgan Rising in West iii. 515 Had it not been for the encouraging words I received..from my erstwhile editor at the Washington Post..I would assuredly have [abandoned the project]. d. transitive. To accept, take in, or deal with (stolen goods), in knowledge of the theft. Cf. fence v. 12a, receiver n.¹ 3, reset v.¹ 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > receiving or possessing stolen goods > receive stolen goods [verb (transitive)] receivec1430 reset1565 receiptc1600 fence1610 c1430 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1844) I. 376/2 He that tuk that mone knawand it was nocht gude resawyt thyfft of a theff ande..salbe punyst. 1561 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 173 Suppois thair libell had expressit that I had ressavit the saidis gudis fra the Cantis libellit. 1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. F5^v If they would not haue receiued our stollen goods, we woulde neuer haue stollen them. a1640 F. Beaumont et al. Loves Cure v. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Sssss5^v/1 You must restore all stolne goods you receiv'd. 1676 E. Coles Eng. Dict. Stalling-ken, a brokers, or any house that receives stolen goods. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Receiver Such as knowingly receive stollen Goods from Thieves, and conceal them. a1768 J. Erskine Inst. Law Scotl. (1773) II. iv. iv. §63 723 The crime of reset of theft consists either in harbouring the person of the thief after the goods are stolen, or in receiving or disposing of the goods. 1899 W. Besant Orange Girl ii. xv. 307 Guilty of receiving stolen goods. 1920 S. Kaye-Smith Green Apple Harvest (1921) 251 The usual—dawg-stealing; and his wife and old Mrs. Lovell ull git it too, for fencing—or receiving stolen goods. 1978 J. B. Hilton Some run Crooked xi. 115 Nobody's going to get done..for receiving four and a tanner's worth of best Sheffield cutlery. 1995 Daily Tel. 7 July 9/1 Steven Haden..admitted three charges of receiving stolen goods and three of possessing the controlled drugs phentermine and diethylpropion. †e. transitive. imperative = recipe v. (figurative in quot.) Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > pharmacy > practise pharmaceutically [verb (impersonal)] > take prescription recipec1300 receive1588 1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. Biii Receiue twenty ounces of merrie conceipts, pounded in the mortar of a quiet resolution. 10. a. transitive. To accept (a thing which is offered or presented). Also intransitive, occasionally with of.In some cases, esp. in negative clauses, this use is not clearly distinguishable from sense 9a (see also note there). ΚΠ c1330 in Englische Studien (1886) 9 50 (MED) Þan artow riȝt justise & reseiuest þe sacrifise, þe offring alle opon þe auter. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds xx. 35 It is more blessid for to ȝyue, more than for to receyue [L. accipere]. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 28794 (MED) Vr lauerd..receues..right nan Almus þat o wrang es tan. a1450 York Plays (1885) 63 (MED) Lorde god! to þis take tente, Ressayue thy sacrifice. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 419 [I pray you] That ȝe resave her his homage And grantis him his heritage. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 162 [A man] the whyche..the grace that fortune hym yewyth nel rescewe. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. ii. 35 Beseik..That my fadir wald eftir this ressave This sacrifice. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) John xix. f. cl As sone as Iesus had receaved of the venegre. 1561 N. Winȝet Cert. Tractates i, in Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 7 Na man..wald resaue the office of ane pastour, quhil he wes almaist compellit thairto. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iii. ii. 140 I come by note to giue, and to receaue . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 235 But thinke you..If you should tender your supposed aide, He would receiue it? View more context for this quotation 1647 Portland Papers VI. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) 55 The Commissioners refusing to receave my Answer sealed, I..read and delivered it open to them. 1681 R. Knox Hist. Relation Ceylon 49 These gifts..he thinks scorn to receive. 1762 W. Jones Arcadia (1777) 105 This pipe, on which the god of shepherds play'd When love inflam'd him, and the viewless maid, Receive. 1776 Trial Maha Rajah Nundocomar for Forgery 16/1 The books must be produced, as we cannot receive parole evidence of their contents. 1836 J. C. Calhoun Wks. (1864) II. 472 He who votes for receiving this petition..votes that Congress is bound to take jurisdiction of the question. 1864 W. W. Skeat tr. J. L. Uhland Songs & Ballads 49 Boatman, come, thy fare receive. 1932 Times 28 Nov. 8/5 An interesting zoological collection made in Upper Burma was received as a gift. 1990 Independent on Sunday 28 Jan. 20/6 His readiness to cross the street and receive the demonstrators' petition showed no lack of courage. †b. transitive. Of God: to listen to, hear (a prayer, intention, etc.), esp. with acceptance. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Psalms vi. 10 The Lord hath herd my bisechyng, the Lord hath resseyued [a1382 E.V. vndertaken; L. suscepit] my preier. [Also in Coverdale and 1611.] c1475 Brome Abraham & Isaac in N. Davis Non-Cycle Plays & Fragm. (1970) 54 (MED) Lord, reseyve thow myn intent. 1533 W. Tyndale Souper of Lorde f. 31^v I wolde euery man presente shuld professe the articles of oure faythe openly in our mother tongue, and confesse his synnes secretely vnto God, praynge intierly that he wolde nowe vouchsafe to haue mercy vpon him, receyue his prayers, [etc.]. 1582 T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones iv. 447 O pittifull Lord,..for thy goodnesse receiue the praiers of thy seruant, and grant me the effect of my petition and desire. a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) 293 We desire Almighty God to accept our Alms and to receive our Prayers. 1690 W. Wake Serm. & Disc. Several Occasions xii. 491 To ascribe to the Holy Mary such a Power as is necessary to receive our Prayers, and to attend to our Petitions,..is to raise her above the state of a Creature. 1728 J. Gill Targum vi, in Expos. Solomon's Song 416 The Lord of the world graciously received their prayer, and came down to the Sanhedrim of the wise men at Babylon, [etc.]. 1794 T. Maurice Indian Antiq. IV. i. iii. 129 Those stupendous attributes which unequivically stamp Divinity on the possessor, viz. the power to create, to confound languages, to receive prayer, and to forgive sins. †c. transitive. To accept the surrender of (a person or, esp. in later use, a place). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > accept surrender of receive?a1439 a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) v. 1276 (MED) Thei..yald hem prisoneeris, Meekli requeryng vnto Scipioun To resceyue hem in this mortal rage. 1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) v. xii. sig. k.ij Knelyng bifore kynge Arthur [they] requyred hym for the loue of god to receyue the cyte, & not to take it by assaulte. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiii. 530 ‘Till ȝow her I ȝeld me, at ȝour will to be.’ ‘And I resaiff the, schir,’ saide he. 1533 Fabyans Cronycle (new ed.) I. f. cxv^v/1 Y^e duke receyued his city of Bayon, with all dyspeasure forgyuen agayn y^e forenamed Theobald. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 610 So entring into Mesopotamia, [Crassus] receiued many cities, that of good will yeelded them selues vnto him. 1640 W. Habington Hist. Edward IV 108 The Duke of Glocester..was sent with a generall pardon to the Rebells, and authority in the Kings name to receive the Towne, the Castle, and all the shipping in the harbour. 1682 Earl of Ormond True Acct. Proc. 10 He and the rest of the Commissioners had received the City of Dublin and other Garrisons. 1739 F. Blomefield Ess. Topogr. Hist. Norfolk I. 399 Harold received this City and it's Provinces of Algar peaceably, in the Year 1052. 11. a. transitive. To be the recipient of or take (an impression, mark, etc.); to be marked more or less permanently by. literal and figurative. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > marking > imprinting > imprint [verb (transitive)] > receive an imprint receivec1350 c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 113 (MED) Alle þat honouren þe beest..& resceyuen his merk in her honde [L. si quis..acceperit caracterem in fronte sua aut in manu sua]..shullen drynken of þe wyn & of þe water of god þat is menged wiþ þe bitternesse of þe chalice of his wraþþe. c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §40. 49 I..wexede my label in Maner of a peyre tables to resceyue distynctly the prikkes of my compas. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 46^v (MED) Þe vtilite whi þat it [sc. brain] is white as a bare tabel is be cause þat [it] schulde take oþer resceiuen alle þinge indifferentlye. 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome iv. xxiii Quhat place was left hail in all þare bodyis to ressaue ony new woundis. 1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Ciiij^v His tendrer cheeke, receiues her soft hands print. View more context for this quotation 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica ii. i. 55 Crystall..will receive impression from steele, more easily then [sic] the Turchois. 1655 T. Stanley Hist. Philos. I. iii. 32 They being eager in prosecution of their design, and he prepared by want, and malice to receive their impression. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy II. ii. 14 The wax is over harden'd, it will not receive the mark of her thimble. 1785 W. Cowper ‘Poplar Field’ in Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 53 The winds play no longer, and sing in their leaves, Nor the Ouse on its bosom their image receives. 1830 A. Applegath Specif. Patent 5988 2 A is the cast-iron frame; B, the impression cylinder, upon which the piece of material receives the impression. 1898 ‘M. Gray’ House Hidden Treasure iii. iii Chip's brain..was more calculated to retain than to receive impressions. 1923 J. Conrad Let. 4 Dec. (1956) 299 His half-witted soul received the impress of the Revolution which has missed the simple minded Michel altogether. 1956 N. Algren Walk on Wild Side i. 38 All who worship Jehovah will have to receive the mark of the beast or die! 1992 Bicycle Feb. 18/1 The impression received when talking to Claudio Passoni is the thing that makes his life complete is building bikes to perfection. b. transitive. To permit oneself to be the object of (an action, etc.); to allow (something) to be done to or (some quality, etc.) to be conferred on oneself; to submit to, endure. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > opposition > absence of resistance > accept without resistance [verb (transitive)] > give in or submit to action, treatment, or events undergoc1175 give place1382 receivec1384 obeyc1390 to go under ——a1400 servec1400 underliec1400 submitc1425 subscribe1560 resign1593 stoop1611 to let loose1667 to qualify on1753 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John v. 44 How mown ȝe bileue, that receyuen [L. accipitis] glorie ech of other? a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 18714 All þat wald tru fra þat time, And siþen wald receiue baptime. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Pardoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 598 Com forth anon and kneleth here adoun And mekely receyueth my pardoun. ?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 35 (MED) Riȝt as wickide men receyuen vyce by her neiȝbore, so anoþir man receyueþ vertu by his neiȝbore. a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) 3688 (MED) The same desteny that yow is dyghte I will Resseyve in som house bolde. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. vii. 28 This is the people, that nether heareth the voyce of the Lorde..ner receaueth his correction. 1556 R. Robinson tr. T. More Utopia (ed. 2) sig. Lvi^v The religiously disposed person..ought pacientlye to receaue & suffer them [sc. griefs]. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xv. iii If the barke of an Olive tree be slit and cut, it will receive the rellice and smell of any medicinable spice. 1609 S. Rowlands Famous Hist. Guy Earle of Warwick 72 Nature's corruption I do strive to leave, A new regeneration to receive. 1705 J. Collier Ess. Moral Subj.: Pt. III i. 13 The Roman Gladiators..chose rather to receive a Cut than avoid it unhandsomely. 1765 Treat. Domest. Pigeons 23 She will squat, and readily receive his tread, by which she is rendered prolific. 1818 T. L. Peacock Nightmare Abbey i. 13 Family interests compelled Mr. Glowry to receive occasional visits from Mr. and Mrs. Hilary. 1861 D. G. Rossetti tr. Dante Vita Nuova 299 The sonnet has two parts... It might well receive other divisions also. 1951 G. Heyer Quiet Gentleman iv. 48 I should not think it marvellous if we were to receive as many as fifty visits from our neighbours this sennight. 2006 Christian Cent. 31 Oct. 13/1 The theological distinction has traditionally been that Pentecostal churches say that believers receive ‘the baptism of the Holy Spirit’ when they speak in tongues, whereas charismatic groups are not so rigid on that point. c. transitive. To allow (something) to be applied to, or placed on, oneself. Also in extended use. ΚΠ 1520 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. I. 167 The King..lokythe dayly..to receive the vauntbrasse and gauntlett. 1549 W. Baldwin Canticles of Salomon sig. hiv^v All other foke That haue receyued the yoke Of the gospell. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) iv. 24 It is said generelye tyl al them that hes resauit the ȝoilk ande the confessione of crist. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxviii. 1002 For feare least if once they receive the yoke of subjection upon their neckes,..Philopæmen would effect and put in execution that which he long intended. 1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) 28 A Mixture of Pitch, Mastick, and Varnish, boyled together, and applyed with a great Brush, till it make a Couch, fit to receive your priming, and afterwards your Colours. 1713 J. Addison Cato ii. i Egypt has since Received his yoke, and the whole Nile is Cæsar's. 1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 329 Earth receives Gladly the thickening mantle. 1788 W. Cowper Negro's Compl. 42 By our blood in Afric wasted, Ere our necks received the chain. 1820 P. B. Shelley Œdipus Tyrannus ii. 33 To receive upon her chaste white body Dews of Apotheosis. 1898 ‘M. Gray’ House Hidden Treasure ii. iii Barling Harbour received the crimsoning light on its still levels and held it faithfully. 1955 C. Jasper Handbk. Decorating & Painting ii. 51 Sealing. The best form of treatment..for making the plaster suitable to receive oil paint, is to apply..alkali resisting primer. 2005 in M. N. A. Bockmuehl & D. A. Hagner Written Gospel i. ii. 42 One first receives the yoke of the kingdom and then receives the yoke of the commands. 12. a. transitive. Christian Church. To eat or drink (the sacrament) at the Eucharist; to take (Communion). ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > receive (communion) [verb (transitive)] thiga864 receivec1350 use?c1450 communicate1554 masticate1651 c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 201 (MED) Þise mysbileuande Men & wymmen..shryuen hem & resceyuen god &..han no wille to leten her synnes. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 10199 Þe folk þat to þe preste went For to receyue þe sacrament. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 1876 (MED) Þe mayden kneled at þe auters ȝende..abode þere to resaue hurre saueour. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 316 That ilk veray brede of lyfe Becommys my fleshe... Who so it resaues in syn or stryfe Bese dede for euer. 1568 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 250 Ane preist sweirit be God verey, Quhilk at the alter ressauit he. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. iv. 198 Thou didst receiue the holy sacrament, To fight in quarell of the house of Lancaster. View more context for this quotation 1636 P. Heylyn Hist. Sabbath ii. 90 Reverendly kneeling on their knees, when they received the Sacrament of the Lords Supper. 1686 H. More Brief Disc. Real Presence 52 We really though spiritually..eat or receive the real Body and Blood of Christ. 1714 J. Walker Attempt Acct. Sufferings Clergy Church of Eng. ii. 281/2 He had called those Wall ey'd Horses that would not come to the Rails to receive the Communion. 1791 E. Burke in Hansard Parl. Hist. (1814) XXIX. 397 The priest, from whom they had received the sacrament, had not submitted to the test. 1827 T. Moore Mem. (1854) V. 196 Lord Charles took his pretty future to Church this morning to receive the sacrament. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §4. 495 The habit of receiving the communion in a sitting posture. 1903 Spectator 31 Oct. 704/2 Daulac..and his companions made their wills, confessed, and received the sacrament. 1981 M. West Clowns of God viii. 218 Would you like to receive Communion now? b. transitive. More generally: to take in by the mouth; to swallow. Also intransitive with of.In later quots. probably a contextual use of other senses. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > [verb (transitive)] > ingest receivec1400 to take in1568 assume1620 ingest1620 c1400 Bk. to Mother (Bodl.) 6 (MED) Bodily drynke is lightlyer reseyued þan bodily mete. ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 1 (MED) Resayve iij sponefull of þe juis luke warme, and yf þou haue evil stomake hit opyneþ hit. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope x He gaf to hym the sayd pylles & badde hym to receyue and take them. a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 77 (MED) A mouth-full of hoot water, ilk morwe twyes ressayued, sholde make a man..hool. 1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 385 The patient that doth determine to receaue a litle rubarbe. 1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor iii. i. sig. Hiv^v The Cuban..Whiffe; which hee shall receiue or take in here at London, and evaporate at Vxbridge. View more context for this quotation 1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles ii. 73 Thou..ministers a potion vnto me: That thou wouldst tremble to receiue thy selfe. View more context for this quotation 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ iii. i. §16 Man is formed with a mouth..for receiving and letting forth of air. 1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 375 Down his own throat he risqu'd the Grecian gold, Receiv'd each Demi-God..Deep in his Entrails. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Lotos-eaters iv, in Poems (new ed.) 110 Whoso did receive of them, And taste. 1840 R. Browning Sordello II. v. 249 If lies are true, The Caliph's wheel-work man of brass receives A meal. 1858 ‘G. Eliot’ Amos Barton ii, in Scenes Clerical Life I. 38 Chubby, who is making a round O of her mouth to receive a bit of papa's ‘baton’. 1925 C. Fox Educ. Psychol. 10 When a child simultaneously sees his nurse and receives food, both the optical stimulus and the taste stimuli produce their engraphic effects. 2005 J. Lauwers & A. Swisher Counseling Nursing Mother (ed. 4) 291 The baby actively suckles the breast in order to receive milk. c. intransitive. Christian Church. To take the sacrament; to communicate. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > receive communion [verb (intransitive)] use1389 communicate1539 commune1550 receive1551 1551 S. Gardiner Explic. Catholique Fayth f. 51 What soeuer we may gather, that note of this auctour remayneth vnproued: that the Priest ought not to receiue alone. 1587 D. Fenner Def. Godlie Ministers sig. Miv^v The priuate Masse of the Papistes, where the Priestes and his Clearke onely doe receyue. 1647 R. Herrick Parasceve in Noble Numbers 21 Let's go (my Alma) yet e're we receive, Fit, fit it is, we have our Parasceve. 1686 A. Wood Life & Times (1894) III. 176 M^r Boys and M^r Deane were in the outer Chapel, but did not come in to receive. 1741 R. Challoner Mem. Missionary Priests I. Pref. A4 Paul V. also allow'd..a plenary Indulgence to all such as hauing confess'd and receiv'd were present at that Mass. 1874 G. A. Denison Let. 18 Aug. in Fifty Years at East Brent (1902) 157 I do not understand worshipping where I cannot receive if I desire to receive. 1996 F. McCourt Angela's Ashes (1997) viii. 242 Now tell me, did you go to Mass this morning? I did, Sister. And did you receive? I did, Sister. 13. a. transitive. Of a place or building: to admit (a person); to give accommodation or shelter to. ΚΠ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds iii. 21 Jhesu Crist..it bihoueth heuene for to resceyue [L. suscipere]. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) 17982 (MED) Hell..ma þe redi At receiue iesu nu in hij. ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 160 Þere ben jnnes ordeyned..to resceyue bothe man & hors. a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) 160 Som receit nye the wodes lynde, Wher we mow thys tym receyued to be. 1578 G. Best True Disc. in S. Purchas Hakluytus Posthumus (1625) III. 80 The ship-bote..could not receive halfe of the companie. a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Knight of Malta iv. i, in Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Lllll4/1 This cave fashioned..To be a den for beasts, alone, receives me. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 252 Hail Infernal world, and thou profoundest Hell Receive thy new Possessor. View more context for this quotation 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 289. ¶9 A house that changes its Inhabitants so often, and receives such a perpetual Succession of Guests, is not a Palace but a Caravansary. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 354 We tread the Wilderness..The Grove receives us next. 1819 W. Scott Legend of Montrose ii, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. IV. 17 (motto) More doubtful, shew'd The mansion, which received them from the road. 1898 ‘M. Gray’ House Hidden Treasure Prol. ii It was a long time since the Old House had received a child-guest. 1915 J. Buchan Thirty-nine Steps iii. 56 The ‘bed in the loft’ received a weary man. 1931 ‘G. Trevor’ Murder at School i. 16 ‘It is always a pleasure for Oakington to receive her old boys.’.. A little old-boyishness in response seemed clearly indicated. 2005 L. Too 168 Feng Shui Ways to calm Life 16 When it [sc. a tilted door] was completed the hotel received a planeload of guests when a flight was suddenly delayed. b. transitive. More generally: to admit as to a receptacle or containing space; to allow to enter or penetrate; to take in. Also figurative and intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > containing or having within > contain or have within [verb (transitive)] > admit into a receptacle underfoa1100 receivea1400 entertain?1608 take1791 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1135 (MED) Erth, þou sal be maledight, Þat reseued [Fairf. resceyuet, Gött. rescyued] þi broþer blode. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Ecclus. xxxvi. 21 An vnwise herte resseyueth false wordis. c1440 S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (St. John's Cambr.) (1970) 63 Goddes word, the which ye here with youre bodily eeris, receyue them in your hertis. a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 243 (MED) The stomake shal be nuet to resceue more charge than hit was wonyt. ?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Dij^v Some [bones] are enbossed for to entre, and other haue vacuytees that receyueth. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VIII f. lxxiij^v Doores and enterynges into the chambers..to receiue light and aire at pleasure. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. ii. 182 The bason that receaues your guiltie blood. View more context for this quotation 1618 W. Lawson New Orchard & Garden i. ii. 5 Some for this purpose digge the soyle of their Orchard to receyue moysture. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 55 The Gulf Of Tartarus, which ready opens wide His fiery Chaos to receave thir fall. View more context for this quotation 1712 A. Pope Rape of Locke i, in Misc. Poems 360 From silver Spouts the grateful Liquors glide, And China's Earth receives the smoking Tyde. 1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 431 Learning itself, received into a mind By nature weak. 1814 R. Southey Roderick xxv. 351 Let One grave with Christian rites receive them both. 1910 S. Sisson Text-bk. Vet. Anat. 52 The ventral border [of the ethmoid bone] is received into the groove of the vomer. 1926 E. Bowen Ann Lee's 257 The room received less and less light from the windows,..partly because of the thick lace curtains. 1968 B. England Figures in Landscape 197 The gully which, running down the angle of the slope, received the torrent and carried it away. 1991 H. Beinfield & E. Korngold Between Heaven & Earth (1992) 411 The Bladder receives and discharges liquid waste. c. transitive. To afford proper room or space to; to hold or contain conveniently. (In modern use chiefly in technical contexts.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being internal > containing or having within > contain or have within [verb (transitive)] > be able to contain holdc1000 receivec1425 contain1526 takea1637 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iv. 6055 (MED) Þei dide make a stede Large and wyde..Þat it myȝt resseive..A þousand knyȝtes. a1450 Mandeville's Trav. (Bodl. e Mus.) 135 (MED) His graue..shal ben mad meche and large to resseyue al that is ordeynyd for his sepulture. a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 1972 (MED) Ther hoole puysaunce..was so grete..The Cite myght resseyue them day ne nyght. 1549 T. Solme in H. Latimer 1st Serm. before Kynges Grace Ep. Ded. sig. Aiij As it is vnpossible that a litell ryuer shulde receyue y^e recourse of the mayne sea w^t in his brymmes. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iv. xxiii. 139 A port..able to receiue a 100. Gallies. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 Kings viii. 64 The brasen Altar..was too little to receiue the burnt offerings. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden Ded. Æneis in tr. Virgil Wks. sig. f1 The scantiness of our Heroick Verse, is not capable of receiving more than one. 1736 F. Drake Eboracum i. ii. 64 At the end of each tile is a hole that would receive a common slate pin. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Transl. French Terms sig. D2^v Cheville à goupilles, a forelock-bolt, or bolt fitted to receive a forelock. 1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports 474/1 The well [of a rowing-boat]..is long enough to receive two men instead of one. 1941 Mariner's Mirror 27 191 The hatchways and mast holes are framed to receive half-beams where required. 1972 Gloss. Timber Terms (B.S.I.) 53 Mortice, a hole or slot to receive a tenon of corresponding size, which may or may not penetrate the full width or thickness of the member in which it is formed. 2001 C. H. Wendel Encycl. Antique Tools & Machinery 31 It was used primarily for boring mortise and tenon joints to receive a wooden pin. 14. a. transitive. To be the recipient of (a sound); to catch or hear. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > hear [verb (transitive)] > succeed in hearing perceivea1382 catcha1398 receivec1430 touch?1611 c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 752 Vp on that on syde of that wal stod he And on that othir side stod Thesbe The sote soun of othir to resseyue. ?1566 J. Alday tr. P. Boaistuau Theatrum Mundi sig. R iv As touching the eares, they are not idell, they are placed..hie and eminent for to receyve the sounde that naturally is borne hie. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iv. 0. 6 The fixt Centinels almost receiue The secret Whispers of each others Watch. View more context for this quotation 1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island v. xlvi. 58 Receives the entring sounds. 1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra i. v. §6 A Hare, which is very quick of hearing..is supplied with a Bony Tube; which..is so directed backward, as to receive the smallest, and most distant Sound that comes behind her. 1783 J. Hoole tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso I. viii. 528 A lamb..strays With tender bleats,..Till from afar the wolf the sound receives. a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) IV. viii. 158 Such she believed were his words; but scarcely had she received their sound, than her attention was caught by other sounds immediately behind her. View more context for this quotation 1858 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) 946/1 The phonocamptic centre is the situation where is placed the ear destined to receive reflected sounds. 1921 E. A. Bedford General Sci. 44 We have a special organ, the ear, which receives the sound. 1989 J. Donner Supersense (BNC) 67 Underwater, we are at even more of a disadvantage, for our ears are best suited to receive air-borne sound. b. transitive. To become the support or take the weight of (something superimposed), bear. (In modern use chiefly in technical contexts.) ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > [verb (transitive)] > a weight or pressure (of so much) > become the support or take the weight of receive?a1475 vouchsafe1623 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 163 (MED) The grownde was elevate in maner of a hepe to receyve [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. to fonge; L. ad receptionem] Hillarius. 1609 Bible (Douay) I. 1 Esdras viii. 30 And the priests and the Levites received the weight of the silver and gold, and the vessels, to carry them to Jerusalem to the house of our God. 1654 Ord. Office Postage Lett. §8 To have in readiness one good Horse or Mare to receive and carry the Male of Letters. 1736 T. Gray Let. 8 May in Corr. T. Gray & W. Mason (1853) 3 Ye Argive flower,..Receive a worthier load. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Morte d'Arthur in Poems (new ed.) II. 11 Make broad thy shoulders to receive my weight, And bear me to the margin. 1879 Building Constr. in Cassell's Techn. Educator I. 197 Piers imply supports which receive vertical pressure, whilst abutments are such as resist outward thrust. 1962 Appraisal Terminol. & Handbk. (Amer. Inst. Real Estate Appraisers) (ed. 4) 176 Strut, any piece of wood fixed between two other pieces or members, designed to receive pressure or weight in the direction of its length. 1993 Equus July 119/3 Sheared heel–hoof distortion and laminar damage resulting when one heel receives more load, standing and in action, than the other. c. transitive. Military. To meet (an enemy, an attack, etc.) with resistance. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > holding out or making stand > hold [verb (transitive)] > resist outholda1460 answer1468 receive1477 resist1533 out-ward1596 oppugn1636 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 15 b [They] broched their horses with their spores and receyuid them..with the might of their speris. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiii. 16 Thair fais resauit thame weill, I hycht, With swerdis, speris, and vith macys. c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1925) I. i. 2467 For that Betys sa manfully Ressauit the king in his cumming. 1650 O. Cromwell Let. 4 Sept. in Writings & Speeches (1939) (modernized text) II. 324 The enemy being in a very good posture to receive them. 1675 tr. W. Camden Hist. Princess Elizabeth (rev. ed.) iv. 592 They [sc. Spaniards] were received by the Friese Muskettiers with a Volley of small Shot. 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. v. xi. 209 Our Heroe received the Enemy's Attack with intrepidity. 1775 W. H. Drayton in R. W. Gibbes Documentary Hist. Amer. Revolution (1855) I. 174 It is a maxim, that it is better to attack than to receive one. 1892 Chambers's Jrnl. 24 Sept. 610/2 There was no time to get into square formation to ‘receive’ the charging horsemen. 1903 J. London Call of Wild 35 He never rushed till he was prepared to receive a rush; never attacked till he had first defended that attack. 2003 S. Brust Lord of Castle Black 116 Piro took a defensive posture and received the attack with good style, first parrying a cut for his shoulder, then leaning back to avoid a cut for his head. d. transitive. To take or catch (a person or thing falling or descending) in one's arms or otherwise. Also in extended use. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > hold [verb (transitive)] > catch something moving or falling receive1485 recueil1490 catcha1500 latch1530 snare1942 1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) i. ix. sig. avi^v Kynge lot smote doune kyng Arthur, with that his four knyghtes receyued hym and set hym on horsback. ?a1525 (c1450) Christ's Burial & Resurrection i. 442 in F. J. Furnivall Digby Plays (1896) 186 Stonde ner, Nichodemus! resaue hym softlye! Mawdleyn, hold ye his fete! 1594 1st Pt. Raigne Selimus sig. E4^v A band of armed souldiers, Receiued him falling on their speares sharp points. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 70 The haire of the eye-browes serue for to receiue the humour falling downe from the head. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 580 A fiery Globe Of Angels..on their plumy Vans receiv'd him soft From his uneasie station. View more context for this quotation 1717 W. Vream Descr. Air-pump 11 The wooden Dish..being set under to receive the falling Hemisphere, lest it should damage the Glass. ?1787 W. F. Mavor New Dict. Nat. Hist. I. at Elephant The enraged Elephant..tossed him to a vast height in the air, and received the falling victim on one of it's tusks. 1867 G. M. Musgrave Nooks & Corners Old France I. 261 A ‘dead well’ of some twenty feet depth, which used to receive the descending weights of a great clock. 1943 D. Welch Maiden Voy. xxiii. 192 He fell. But this time it was soft grass that received him. e. transitive. To catch or intercept (a missile, blow, etc.); to encounter or stand the force or effect of; to bear, withstand. Also in extended use. Cf. sense 20a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] > be struck by catchc1300 receive1551 the world > action or operation > operation upon something > have effect on [verb (transitive)] > be subjected to or undergo an action > encounter the force or effect of catchc1300 receive1551 1551 G. Tadlowe tr. T. More Utopia sig. Pvii Theire armoure or harness whiche they weare is sure and stronge to receaue strokes [L. ad excipiendos ictus]. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lvi^v All the pellettes y^t they shall shoute, I will receaue them with my cote. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iii. iii. 117 Like a gate of steele: Fronting the Sunne, receiues and renders back His figure and his heate. View more context for this quotation 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena iii. 79 By this time had the horse (issued from their side) received the charge, after the foote were cut all to pieces. 1704 J. Swift Full Acct. Battel between Bks. in Tale of Tub 260 Paracelsus..darted his Javelin with a mighty Force, which the brave Antient received upon his Shield. 1751 T. Smollett Peregrine Pickle I. xxxv. 267 The son interposing, received the first discharge of her fury. 1814 R. Southey Roderick xxv. 489 The Goth objects His shield, and on its rim received the edge. 1855 D. Brewster Mem. Life I. Newton (new ed.) I. iii. 47 The rays reflected by the speculum were received upon a plane metallic speculum. 1958 Times Lit. Suppl. 14 Feb. 83/1 We must now brace ourselves to receive broadsides from the great guns of science and technology. f. transitive. Sport. To catch, strike, or take possession of (a ball which is thrown, kicked, served, etc.). Also: to be the designated recipient of (a service, delivery, etc.). Also intransitive. ΚΠ 1569 N. Haward tr. Seneca Line of Liberalitie ii. xxxii. f. 83^v It is somewhat prayse woorthie to receyue the ball skillfully and conningly when it is tost to him: but yet he is not to be called an expert and parfect player except he stryke the ball backe againe as finely and redely. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 60 At Tennis play, he that receiveth the ball, ought in the stirring and motion of his bodie to accommodate himselfe handsomely and in order to his fellow that smit it. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 265 The Game at Tennis is a most Princely Exercise... Hazard side, is the side where they receive the Ball from the Pent-house. a1811 J. Leyden tr. Malay Ann. (1821) 231 The Moloco Prince was very skilful at foot-ball... A hundred hundred times would he receive the ball on his foot, and keep it up without falling. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. viii. 397 Jack Raggles..having run one for a forward drive of Johnson's, is about to receive his first ball. 1862 Laws Football 9 The other [player]..is standing just outside the goal line to receive it. 1974 Rules of Game 119/3 The pair about to receive in the first game..decides which player shall receive the first service. 1988 Rugby World & Post Nov. 16/3 They must know where they are to receive the ball, understand the angle of their run. 2007 Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio) (Nexis) 7 July (Sports section) d7 Bartoli..has a tendency to stand close to the service line to receive shots, particularly on second serves. g. transitive. Of a telegraph, aerial, radio, television, etc.: to be affected by, detect, or respond internally to (a transmitted signal); to detect and convert (a signal) to sound, images, etc. ΘΚΠ society > communication > telecommunication > [verb (transitive)] > receive receive1854 society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > record [verb (transitive)] > of recording instruments receive1854 1854 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 17 309/2 The last electro-chemical telegraph we can notice is that of Messrs. Westbrook and Rogers, of America, the peculiarity of which is the employment of metallic surfaces to receive the signals and messages, instead of chemical paper. 1862 Internat. Exhib.: Illustr. Catal. Industr. Dept. II. xiii. §2908 The apparatus..for receiving and indicating the signals. 1916 Geogr. Jrnl. 47 354 If the longitude of a powerful wireless station is known, and the observer is provided with the simple outfit necessary to receive signals, a very accurate determination of the longitude of his position can be effected by the reception alone of wireless signals. 1930 S. A. Moseley & H. J. B. Chapple Television viii. 95 Tele-talkies..can be received on the identical machine which receives television images. 1948 Proc. Symp. Large-scale Digital Calculating Machinery 1947 125 The contemplated computer..is emerging as a parallel digit transmission system. The storage must then receive and deliver binary digits on parallel buses. 1989 ‘C. Roman’ Foreplay iv. 36 We do receive regular transmissions of world events from Poop Central. 2004 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 11 July iv. 2/1 For now you will need a set-top box..to receive the high-definition signals. h. transitive. Of a radio or television, or its user: to detect and interpret the signal transmitted by (a given broadcaster, a distant operator, etc.). Also intransitive (rare). ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > [verb (transitive)] > receive broadcast receive1908 society > communication > telecommunication > radio communications > communicate by radio [verb (transitive)] > receive receive1908 1908 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1907 621 In this way it is possible to receive at Hythe from Elmers End. 1930 Morning Post 18 Aug. 3/4 In order to receive foreign stations consistently it is necessary to employ a powerful receiver. 1958 ‘J. Castle’ & A. Hailey Flight into Danger ix. 123 Hullo, Vancouver. 714 answering. Receiving you loud and clear. Over. 1989 Lit. Rev. Aug. 56/1 Now, like most other New Yorkers above the poverty level, I receive almost forty different channels. 2004 Touch Mar. 59/3 (advt.) This fabulous freeview box is compact and stylish, and will allow you to receive up to thirty extra stations! 15. transitive. To take into the mind; to apprehend mentally; to understand; to learn. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > understanding > understand [verb (transitive)] yknoweOE acknowOE anyeteOE latchc1000 undernimc1000 understandc1000 underyetec1000 afindOE knowOE seeOE onfangc1175 takec1175 underfindc1200 underfonga1300 undertakea1300 kenc1330 gripea1340 comprehend1340 comprendc1374 espyc1374 perceivea1387 to take for ——?1387 catcha1398 conceivea1398 intenda1400 overtakea1400 tenda1400 havec1405 henta1450 comprise1477 skilla1500 brook1548 apprend1567 compass1576 perstanda1577 endue1590 sound1592 engrasp1593 in1603 fathom1611 resent1614 receivea1616 to take up1617 apprehend1631 to take in1646 grasp1680 understumblec1681 forstand1682 savvy1686 overstand1699 uptake1726 nouse1779 twig1815 undercumstand1824 absorb1840 sense1844 undercumstumble1854 seize1855 intelligize1865 dig1935 read1956 c1443 R. Pecock Reule of Crysten Religioun (1927) 81 Ȝe fadir and sone ricchen..þe holy goost infinitely, and þerfore hiȝer and above þan eny creature may vndirstonde clerly or receive. a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1965) II. 8 [It] is in our power to dispone ws to resaue the knawlage necessar for our salute [etc.]. 1586 R. Lane in R. Hakluyt Principal Navigations XIII. 304 He gaue mee more vnderstanding and light of the Countrey then I had receiued by all the searches and Sauages that before I or any of my companie had had conference with. a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. iv. 82 But marke me, To be receiued plaine, Ile speake more grosse. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 179 The Acts of God..to human ears Cannot without process of speech be told, So told as earthly notion can receave . View more context for this quotation 1733 A. Pope Ess. Man iii. 177 Thy Arts of Building from the Bee receive. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1787) III. xxx. 139 The mind of Alaric was ill prepared to receive, either in sleeping or waking visions, the impressions of Greek superstition. 1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice III. xix. 321 Her mind received knowledge which had never before fallen in her way. View more context for this quotation 1892 B. F. Westcott Gospel of Life 191 Man is fitted by his essential constitution to receive a knowledge of God. 1918 W. M. Kirkland Joys of being Woman viii. 75 That I must have received abundant elementary instruction I feel confident, although I do not in the least remember receiving it. 1989 Profession (Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer.) 18/2 Literary study, as the study of textuality,..reveals the epistemological structures that organize how we know, how our knowledge gets transmitted and accepted, and why and how students receive it. IV. To be given (a thing), have conferred; to experience, suffer, undergo. (In this branch the subject is a more or less passive recipient.) 16. a. transitive. To be the object of (some action); to experience or meet with (some treatment). Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > operation upon something > have effect on [verb (transitive)] > be subjected to or undergo an action fallc1175 receivec1330 to stand upon ——a1393 suffera1425 to come under ——a1475 c1330 King of Tars (Auch.) 918 in Englische Studien (1889) 11 55 (MED) Þe soudan..Dede of his cloþes euerichon To reseyue his baptize. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds x. 43 To this alle prophetis beren witnessing, alle men that bileuen into him, for to receyue [L. accipere] remyscioun of synnes. a1425 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Linc. Inn) (1973) 1087 (MED) He let brynge tofore him þat wommon, Forto resceyue hire iuggement. a1475 Bk. Quinte Essence (1889) 3 Þe knees, þe leggis, and þe feet..resseyuen a synguler influence of þe sterris of Capricorn, Aquarie and pisces. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xxiii[i]. 5 He shal receaue the blessinge from the Lord, and mercy from God his sauioure. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 216 He had beine vnthankful of al benifite and gude deid ressaued. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 6 The honour he had receiv'd in our Court, during his Exile. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 143 A fault which easy Pardon might receive, Were Lovers Judges. View more context for this quotation 1738–9 King in Swift's Lett. (1768) IV. 223 The ill-treatment I received from the post-office. 1781 W. Cowper Retirem. 302 This [malady]..Claims most compassion, and receives the least. 1859 E. A. Stopford Work & Counterwork 88 The pleasure of receiving unwonted sympathy. 1889 Harper's Mag. Aug. 348/2 The artist transplanted to a foreign soil both gives and receives; he adapts himself to his changed conditions. 1927 F. M. Thrasher Gang iv. xxi. 453 The political boss knows exactly how to appeal to the gang because he himself has usually received valuable training for politics in a street gang from which he has ultimately been graduated. 1978 M. S. Peck Road less Traveled ii. 123 Love..is invariably a two-way street, a reciprocal phenomenon whereby the receiver also gives and the giver also receives. 1982 S. Brett Murder Unprompted vii. 75 He had..delivered the speech with greater power than it had ever received. 2004 B. Greene Fabric of Cosmos 512 The Bohm or de Broglie–Bohm approach has never received wide attention. b. transitive. To suffer, undergo, be subjected to (something painful or unpleasant). Also intransitive with of. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > suffer (adversity or affliction) [verb (transitive)] thave835 i-dreeeOE tholec897 abeareOE underbearc950 adreeOE dreeOE driveOE i-tholeOE throwOE underfoc1000 bearOE bidec1200 suffera1250 abidec1275 drinka1340 endure1340 underfong1382 receivec1384 abyea1393 sustain1398 finda1400 undergoa1400 get?c1430 underganga1470 ponder?a1525 a dog's lifea1528 tolerate1531 to stand to ——1540 to feel the weight of?1553 enjoy1577 carry1583 abrook1594 to stand under ——a1616 to fall a victim to1764 the mind > emotion > suffering > suffer mental pain [verb (transitive)] thave835 i-dreeeOE tholec897 underbearc950 adreeOE dreeOE driveOE i-tholeOE throwOE underfoc1000 bearOE takec1175 bidec1200 suffera1250 leadc1330 drinka1340 endure1340 wielda1375 underfong1382 receivec1384 sustain1398 finda1400 undergoa1400 underganga1470 ponder?a1525 tolerate1531 to go through ——1535 to feel the weight of?1553 enjoy1577 carry1583 abrook1594 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) (1850) Apoc. xviii. 4 Ȝe shulen not receyue [L. accipiatis] of the plagis of it. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Melibeus (Hengwrt) (2003) §33 The pacient Iob..receyued ful many a greuous tribulacion. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope ii. x Men ought to presume ouer hym by whome they receyue somme dommage. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 32 He hadde resceyved deth thourgh me. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Hosea x. 6 Ephraim shal receaue full punishment. 1576 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent 112 King Canutus.., after that he had receaued the..woorse in a fight in Lincolne shyre. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. xxvi. 200 The Townes and Provinces..receive sometimes great losses by these Earthquakes. 1656 Earl of Monmouth tr. T. Boccalini Ragguagli di Parnasso i. lxxxvii. 172 The ruines, plundrings..and other utter desolations which she had received from the Goths. 1745 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) V. 4 That the House might not receive any delay. 1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) II. 293 I have received..calumny only as the reward of all my services. 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. xxxii. 272 Mrs. Jarley..recounted word for word the affronts she had received. 1887 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. (1892) VII. xx. 167 France..had undoubtedly received much real provocation. 1990 A. Beevor Inside Brit. Army ii. 16 Outstanding recruits who do not help less competent members..will receive a hard time until they change their ways. c. transitive. Of a surface or object: to have (heat or light) incident upon it; to respond to the effect of (heat) and become warmer. ΚΠ c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Gouernaunce of Princis (1993) xxiii. 95 The metis yat ar etyn jn the dyner ressauis the hete of the day jn mannis corps, quhen he is wakand and trauailand. 1603 C. Heydon Def. Iudiciall Astrol. xii. 314 He receiveth the Sunnes beames but weakely, and therefore can not heat by them, but rather refrigerate. 1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron 126 A cave..which received no light into it, but by a small spiracle or ventloope made out ingeniously on the hills side. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 83 Nor plant it to receive the setting Sun. View more context for this quotation 1741 T. Francklin tr. Cicero Of Nature of Gods ii. 173 The Air..drawn into the Lungs, receives Heat..by the Coagitation of the Lungs. 1756 J. Ferguson Astron. Explained 23 The light and heat he [sc. Saturn] receives from the Sun are in the same proportion. 1855 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea xv. §645 The two hemispheres do receive annually the same amount of solar heat. 1891 R. Routledge Discov. & Inventions 19th Cent. (ed. 8) 523 The light we receive from the sun is 20,000,000,000 (twenty thousand million) times more than that of Sirius. 1930 J. H. Jeans Universe around Us (ed. 2) v. 256 The total amount of light and heat received on earth from the sun shews that the sun's radiation must be very nearly, although not quite, the ‘full temperature radiation’..of a body at this temperature. 1980 K. Thear in K. Thear & A. Fraser Small Farmer's Guide to Raising Livestock & Poultry (U.S. ed.) ii. 43/1 The whole structure is placed on the side of the poultry house where it receives the maximum amount of sun and warmth. 2001 Exotic & Greenhouse Gardening June 72/2 I chose a site that received morning sunshine and bright, indirect light in the afternoon. 17. †a. transitive. To come into or be presented with possession of (a town, country, etc.). Obsolete.In later uses probably merging with senses in branch III. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > a place or territory receivec1330 c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 560 (MED) Now is Tirri comen hom To resceiue his lond. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) viii. 1974 (MED) Thei alle of on acord Him preiden..That he the lettre wel conceive And come his regne to receive. c1450 (a1425) Metrical Paraphr. Old Test. (Selden) 12128 (MED) Ioram..full sone on one resaued his reme by ryȝt aray. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 739 He..besieged a towne,..which when he had receyued,..he caused all the inhabitants cruelly to be put to death. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 139 His countrey and kingdome, quhilke..he receiuet sair oppressit be his nychtbouris. 1612 W. Shute tr. T. de Fougasses Gen. Hist. Venice ii. 313 [The Venetian Commissioners] were come thither according to the Articles to receiue the Townes. 1693 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin New Hist. Eccl. Writers VI. 108 Pepin..sent Fulradus, Abbot of S. Denys, to receive the Towns of the Pantapolis and Aemilia. 1762 E. Farneworth tr. N. Machiavelli Wks. I. vi. 273 After the truce was concluded, the nuptials were celebrated betwixt Madam Bianca and the Count, who received the City of Cremona with her in dower. †b. transitive. To take (a person) into one's custody, control, vicinity, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > a person into one's control or vicinity receivec1384 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xv. 27 Thi brodir is comen, and thi fadir hath slayn a fat calf, for he receyuede [L. recepit] him saf. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 22077 (MED) Þe deuil sal..vmbelai hir al bidene, Al in his weild hir to receiue. ?a1475 Ludus Coventriae (1922) 168 (MED) I am ful glad and fayn For to receyve my childe Agayn. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. v. 81 Romulus sall the peple ressaue and weild. 1568 (?a1513) W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 250 The feind ressaif me, gif I le. 1611 Bible (King James) Psalms lxxv. 2 When I shall receiue the congregation, I will iudge vprightly. View more context for this quotation c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1851) II. 321 To present thair soldiouris..in the lynkis, thair to be receaved be there capitanes. 1704 Abridgem. Laws in Force & Use in Her Majesty's Plantations 160 In case the Owner cannot be found, the Treasurer shall..receive the Slave, sell and transport him. 1792 A. Law et al. Decisions Court of Session 369 The defender, it is true, received the child from her brother. c. transitive. To obtain or acquire (some feature or attribute). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > something immaterial takeOE get1476 receive1546 contract1691 1546 G. Joye Refut. Byshop Winchesters Derke Declar. f. clxxviii Tell vs..whether, when Israell receiued hys mercifull promyse by faythe, he was not euen then taken to seruice, and receiued a newe herte. a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1710) I. 8 The Hedde of Avon Ryver visitith a litle sidenham of Gilesborow Village, and cummith by it there first receyving a botom. 1597 J. Payne Royall Exchange 19 As the corne must fyrst be sowen and dye in the yerthe before y^t receyve a new bodye, [etc.]. 1628 R. Gomersall Tragedie of Lodovick Sforza iii. iii. 34 Assist me, Hell, for I intend an Act, Which should your puny fiends but thinke vpon, Would make their blacker cheekes receiue a blush. 1679 I. Newton Let. 28 Feb. in Corr. (1960) II. 289 Ye rays of ye sun..ought..to receive a ply from ye denser æther. 1722 W. Wollaston Relig. of Nature v. 96 Trees receive annually their peculiar liveries, and bear their proper fruits. 1792 Ann. Reg. 1789 Chron. 232/2 About ten years ago she received a new set of teeth. 1880 T. Hardy Fellow-townsmen iv. 33 A window niche which had as yet received no frame. 1992 G. Alderman Mod. British Jewry iii. 138 The Anglo-Jewish middle classes..received a new lease of life once the immigrant flow began to accelerate. 18. a. transitive. To have (some quality, attribute, or property) given, bestowed, or conferred on one. Also intransitive with of. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > be given > a quality or attribute receivec1350 society > inhabiting and dwelling > providing with dwelling > [verb (transitive)] > afford accommodation to (of place) lodgec1449 receive1552 booth1594 house1759 hive1812 roost1838 c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 36 (MED) Þou art worþi to resceyue blis & worshipp & vertu. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds ix. 12 He syȝ a man..puttinge to hym hondis, that he receyue [L. recipiat] siȝt. c1440 (?a1400) W. Nassington Tractus (Thornton) 48 in G. G. Perry Relig. Pieces in Prose & Verse (1914) 64 (MED) We sall reschaife here The lighte of grace, þat gastely gifte es, Of þe. a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 58 (MED) Wyttes restyn hem, Curiosytez vanysshes away, and al þe body ressayues strynght. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Pref. Quhilk hes ressauit the office of teching. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 138 They promise obedience, that they may receive life. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 109 Thou Centring receav'st from all those Orbs. View more context for this quotation 1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. 4 He..receiveth of the smiles and favours of him that is Judg of all. View more context for this quotation 1708 J. Swift Sentiments Church of Eng.-man i, in Misc. (1711) 115 Those who receive Orders must have some Vices to leave behind them when they enter into the Church. 1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison IV. v. 45 If your mind..should then have received alteration. 1813 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 174 Such collections of stony fragments..receive the name of Moraines. 1883 Catholic Dict. at Reception In many countries..bishops receive power as delegates of the Holy See..to absolve from the censure. 1930 J. H. Jeans Universe around Us (ed. 2) i. 29 They are generally of a faint, hazy appearance, and so have received the general name of ‘nebulae’. 1977 Bon Appétit May 21/3 Harlot's Sauce... The story goes that this sauce received its racy name because it was a favorite of the ladies of the evening in Naples who could whip it up in short order between assignments. 2001 in W. E. Craighead & C. B. Nemeroff Corsini Encycl. Psychol. (ed. 3) II. 502 He received the title of distinguished research professor at York University in l995. b. transitive. In religious use, with reference to the Holy Spirit.In quot. 1597 with reference to Christ. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > be or cause to be spiritual [verb (transitive)] > receive receivec1384 edify1636 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds viii. 17 Thanne thei puttiden hondis on hem, and thei receyueden [L. accipiebant] the Hooly Gost. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 19544 (MED) Þai praid for þam..þai suld receue [Fairf. resceiue, Gött. reciue] þe haligast. c1440 (?c1350) in G. G. Perry Relig. Pieces in Prose & Verse (1914) 27 (MED) Þis commandement ordaynes man to reschayfe þe Haly Gaste. 1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie 7th Serm. sig. Ccvii Ther be new spirits start vp now of late, that saye after we haue receyued the spyryt, we cannot synne. 1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. lvii. 128 We receiue Christ Iesus in baptisme once as the first beginner..of our life. 1648 W. Montagu Miscellanea Spiritualia i. xix. §2 In our copying of this equality and imperturbation, we must profess with the Apostle, We have not received the Spirit of the World, but the Spirit which is of God. 1671 W. Jole Comfortable Words to Afflicted Consciences ii. 44 Christ received the Spirit without measure. a1726 W. Reeves 14 Serm. (1729) 346 Christ by His second insufflation reinspired the same Spirit, when breathing on His Apostles, He said, Receive ye the Holy Ghost. 1762 J. Wesley Let. 26 Nov. (1931) IV. 377 We have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father. 1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 128 Those sons and daughters of the sons of Zion, having received the Spirit, prophesied, i.e. in divers tongues they spake of the heavenly mysteries. 1972 S. Tugwell (title) Did you receive the spirit? 2004 J. Behr Nicene Faith ii. vi. 315 Basil develops the idea of the Spirit as the ‘form’ of those who have received the Spirit by deploying various Pauline images. 19. a. transitive. To accept delivery of (something sent, esp. a letter); to be a recipient of. ΘΚΠ society > communication > correspondence > sending items > send items [verb (transitive)] > receive a letter receivec1384 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) Deeds xxviii. 21 Nether we han receyued [L. accepimus] lettres of thee from Judee, nether ony of britheren..spake ony yuel thing of thee. 1428 in R. T. Storey Reg. T. Langley (1959) 104 (MED) Please it your holy faderhood to wite that I have receyved your reverent lettres. ?1478 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 649 I haue reseuyd of Alwedyr a lettyr. a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 48 (MED) Þis Epistel ressayued [L. excepta], Alexander did after his consaill. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 680/2 I receyved but one letter from my father sythe he went in to the countraye. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III v. ii. 5 Here receiue we, from our Father Stanlie, Lines of faire comfort. View more context for this quotation 1655 in M. V. Hay Blairs Papers (1929) 171 I haue neuer recaiued on letter..since I depairted from thence. 1695 W. Congreve Love for Love i. 9 He will forswear receiving a Letter from her, and at the same time, shew you her Hand upon the Superscription. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 96 Arundel and Holland gave another kind of Reception to the Letters they Receiv'd. 1798 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) IV. 208 A letter is certainly received here by an individual from Talleyrand. 1804 W. Blake Let. 22 June in Compl. Writings (1969) 849 I write immediately on recieving [sic] the Above Information. 1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere III. vi. xxxvii. 141 Elsmere received a characteristic letter from him. 1933 R. C. Hutchinson Unforgotten Prisoner xii. 386 Next day I received another communication. 1954 I. Murdoch Under Net viii. 116 Dave said he already received more letters than he wanted and there was no sense in inviting yet more by pointless acts of correspondence. 1989 Which? July 355/1 Have you received any badly written or misleading forms and letters about the poll tax from your local authority? 2002 P. Augar & J. Palmer Rise Player Manager viii. 163 We received a letter from Alex..asking for a meeting to talk about ‘getting back into the game’ as he termed it. b. transitive. To be provided with or given (something); to get or acquire from another or others. Occasionally intransitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] thiga864 takeOE receivea1400 entertain1578 the mind > possession > acquisition > receiving > receive [verb (transitive)] > be given underfoc888 afangOE underfongc1175 getc1300 latchc1300 undertake1393 receivea1400 to take up1639 to come into ——1672 to fall in for1788 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16470 (MED) Wit his penis forth he lepe he had resaueid [Gött. rescaiued] are. a1400 Siege Jerusalem (Laud) (1932) 993 (MED) Þou schalt ride to Rome & receyue þe croune. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope viii The sellar..delyuerd the hors and receyued the xv. ducattes. 1556 tr. J. de Flores Histoire de Aurelio & Isabelle sig. D3 Sins that I haue of yowre hignesse..so muche goode resauede. ?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 365 Ane William Symsone,..Whome fra scho hes resavit a buike. 1608 T. Hudson tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Ivdith v. 74 in J. Sylvester Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) Come all to Court, and there ye shall resaue A thousand gaines. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 423 The Sun that light imparts to all, receives From all his alimental recompence In humid exhalations. View more context for this quotation 1689 Answer to Two Papers 34 The very Money that is now receiving, was asked with Two Armies on Foot. 1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies I. vii. 74 Allow them as much Diet money as their own Soldiers receive. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. xlix. 133 The conquerors of the West would receive their crown from the successors of St. Peter. 1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. III. 411 His mother..residing in one of them..and receiving rent for the others. 1869 W. W. Skeat Langland's Piers Plowman B. xvii. 177 (margin) The palm unfolds the fist, and receives from the fingers. 1891 Ld. Rosebery Pitt ix. 149 The essential point..is to receive in return the services for which the payment is made. 1927 S. T. Warner Mr. Fortune's Maggot 29 Judged as trials of temper..they would have received very high marks. 1963 G. F. Hervey Handbk. Card Games 285 He can twist: that is to say he elects to receive a card face upwards. 2003 A. N. LeBlanc Random Family xii. 122 She received a brown paper bag of hygienes—soap, toothpaste, deodorant—several changes of prison-issue clothes, an assignment to kitchen duty, and a cubicle. c. transitive. To be the recipient of or obtain (an idea, a piece of news, information, etc.) by communication from another; to learn, ascertain from another. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > be informed of hearc950 witc1000 haveOE learnc1175 undergoc1290 takea1333 receivec1400 aherec1450 partakea1593 get1608 intelligence1637 to get wind of1809 to take away1839 c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Huntington HM 137) (1873) C. vi. 69 (MED) Some to synge masses, oþer sitten and wryte, Rede and receyue þat reson ouhte spende. c1460 Tree & 12 Frutes (McClean) (1960) 57 (MED) Moyses..had talkid with oure lord and receyued his biddinges. a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 220 No man cowde yet this science reche But if god sende him a master hym to teche... Also he shalle..Receyve it with moste sacred dredfulle othe. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) 1 Cor. xi. 23 That which I gave vnto you I receaved off the lorde. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. i. 164 Sometimes from her eyes I did receaue faire speechlesse messages. View more context for this quotation 1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles i. 43 Young Prince of Tyre, you haue at large receiued The danger of the taske you vndertake. 1673 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 139 The process of making Allom, as we partly saw, and partly received from the Workmen. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 86 To enjoyn..that no Presbyter should reveal any thing he should receive in Confession. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. iv. 169 On Mr. Anson's receiving any other intelligence. 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby II. v. viii. 308 This Prince..of whom we receive accounts so conflicting. 1893 Weekly Notes 28 68/2 The date at which he received notice of the receiving order. 1919 M. Mitchell Let. 15 Nov. in Dynamo going to Waste (1985) 48 I have specialed, wired, and sent night letters but have received absolutely no answer. 1999 R. Deakin Waterlog (2000) xxix. 281 An old man with a metal detector and trowel..was clutching his headphones excitedly, as though receiving news of a lottery win. 20. a. transitive. To have (a blow, wound, etc.) inflicted or made on one (or in some part of the body); to be the recipient of (a specified injury). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > receive injury receivec1384 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 2 Cor. xi. 24 I reseyuede [L. accepi] of the Jewis fyue sythis fourty strokis oon lesse. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 2076 (MED) His wyȝe..schulde teche hym to tourne to þat tene place Þer þe ruful race he shulde resayue. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 989 Thou hast ressayved a wounde, for thou were never worthy to handyll hit [sc. a sword]. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rev. xiii. 16 He made all..to receave a marke in their right hondes. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xxviii^v The earle receiued such a wound in his head that he departed out of this world. 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. i. v. f. 8^v/1 Hippocrates..reciteth to have cured a certayne personage, which had receaved a shot with an arrowe. a1671 T. Fairfax Short Mem. (1699) 54 Here I received a shot in the wrist of my arm, which made the bridle fall out of my hand. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 162 This Kiaya..after a long fight, received a thrust with a Pike in the Belly. 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xxv. 176 The wound in my uncle Toby's groin, which he received at the siege of Namur. 1797 Encycl. Brit. XI. 282/1 Excision will be of use a considerable time after the bite is received. 1860 Ld. Tennyson Sea Dreams 157 I stood like one that had received a blow. 1898 Daily News 25 Feb. 3/2 One man's thigh was broken, another received a broken jaw. 1929 Evening News 18 Nov. 14/3 He received his injuries as the result of a blow-back in one of the boilers when pulverised fuel was being lit. 1962 I. Murdoch Unofficial Rose iii. xv. 140 As he began to rise he received a sudden blow on the shoulder. 2001 P. P. Read Alice in Exile (2002) i. xii. 97 Alice had been standing, but now she staggered as if she had received a blow. †b. transitive. Of a ship: to spring (a leak). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1578 G. Best True Disc. Passage to Cathaya iii. 39 The Fleeboate called the Moone, was here heaued aboue the water..and receiued a great leake therby. 1595 Drake's Voy. (1849) 25 The Hope received a leake and was forced to go from the fleete, to an iland. 1613 W. Shute tr. J. J. Orlers & H. van Haestens Triumphs of Nassau 75 [The ship] was shot, and receyued a leake. 1628 World Encompassed by Sir F. Drake 68 Our ship hauing receiued a leake at sea, was brought to-anchor neerer the shoare. 1701 J. Prince Danmonii Orientales Illustres 239 The General's Ship having received a Leak at Sea, they hal'd her nearer the Shoar. c. transitive. To come in the way of and suffer from (a missile, gun, etc.); to suffer (an electric shock). ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon > oneself > a missile, electric charge, etc. receive1596 1596 H. Savile Meeting in Libell Spanish Lies 42 What became of the rest of their fleet we know not, but true it was that they were in great distresse mightily beaten and torne, by hauing receiued many Bullets from vs. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. 591 King Henrie the Second..had beene shot therewith quite through the body, had not Sir Hubert Syncter..to save the King received both the arrow and his deaths wound withall. 1716 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad II. v. 712 His bended Arm receiv'd the falling Stone. 1768 Distress'd Lovers 7 The coach was soon attacked by a single highwayman, who, on presenting his piece, received a brace of bullets, which killed him on the spot. 1805 A. Duncan Brit. Trident IV. 227 The boats..(after having beat the launch,..and receiving several guns and small arms from the frigate) boarded. 1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit lii. 598 Mr. Pecksniff started back as if he had received the charge of an electric battery. 1894 T. Hardy Life's Little Ironies 184 She would start from her seat in the chimney-corner as if she had received a galvanic shock, and spring convulsively towards the ceiling. 1950 ‘C. S. Forester’ Mr. Midshipman Hornblower p. vi The columns halted, swayed, received another smashing volley, and another, and fell back in ruin. 1990 Field Jan. 90/2 Both the keeper who missed a grey squirrel with his rimfire rifle, and the punctured hotel waiter who, almost a mile away, received the .22 bullet, have told me their accounts of this missile's trajectory. 21. transitive. To have (a law, direction, etc.) imposed or laid on one; to get as a charge or instruction. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > be subject to [verb (transitive)] > have (law, etc.) imposed on receivec1384 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Royal) 2 John 4 I foond of thi sones goynge in treuthe, as we receyueden [L. accepimus] maundement of the fadir. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 180 With empty wombe, fastynge many a day Receyued he the lawe that was writen With goddes fynger. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Esdras ix. 36 We y^t haue receaued the lawe, perish in synne, and oure hert also which receaued the lawe. 1584 King James VI & I Ess. Prentise Poesie sig. Biiij Two champions braue, With armies huge approching to resaue Thy will. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. xxv. 398 They received penaunce, yea sometimes very sharpely. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) ii. iii. 3 Receiue the Sentence of the Law for sinne. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 240 With what eyes could we Stand in his presence humble, and receive Strict Laws impos'd. View more context for this quotation 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 357 Four Lords and eight Commoners,..who were allways to receive Instructions from Themselves. 1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 335 The total herd [of cattle] receiving..a summons to be gay. 1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. II. 25 He reported the case and received directions from the prelate. 1875 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues (ed. 2) V. 82 No man likes to receive laws when they are first imposed. 1921 Act 11 Geo. V c. 9 §4 The Governor-General..shall..make a report through a Secretary of State to His Majesty in order to receive the directions of His Majesty thereon. 1956 W. S. Churchill Hist. Eng.-speaking Peoples II. iv. v. 55 Anne received the sentence with calm and courage. She declared that if the King would allow it she would like to be beheaded like the French nobility, with a sword, and not, like the English nobility, with an axe. 2000 T. Clancy Bear & Dragon lvii. 915 Task Force 77 had been holding station east of the Formosa Strait until receiving orders to race west. Compounds attributive. Designating the receiving mode, controls, etc., of a radio or telecommunication system. Cf. receive n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > telecommunication > [adjective] > receiving receiving1559 receive1906 1906 T. E. Herbert Telegraphy vi. 226 This is, then, the function of the ‘send’ and ‘receive’ switch fixed upon the left side of the key-handle. 1920 Wireless World 7 Aug. 356/1 A send-receive switch. 1970 New Scientist 24 Dec. 554/3 The Applications Technology Satellite 3..provided two transmit and two receive voice channels. 1992 MacWorld June 168/3 The cable's send and receive lines are crossed so that the send line hooks into the receive portion of each port and vice versa. 2000 J. J. Connolly Layer Cake (2004) 169 My phone rings... It's a land-line number, maybe it's Geno. I push the receive button. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1878v.1318
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receivev.

Compounds