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ravinn.1adj. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ravine. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman raveine, ravein, Anglo-Norman and Middle French ravine impetuosity, force, violence (12th cent. in Old French; frequently in a ravine , par ravine ), robbery (13th cent.; in Anglo-Norman also ‘rapacity, rape, ravishment, stolen property’) < classical Latin rapīna rapine n. Compare ravine n. Now rare (chiefly archaic and literary in later use). A. n.1 1. the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > [noun] > act or instance of α. a1325 (2011) xxiii. 84 Þat is to wite, of þeftes, mansleȝttes, roberies, rauines, falsares þe kinges moneie, clippares, false chaungeres, rauissurs of wemmen, of vindinge of tresor. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer (Ellesmere) (1877) §793 Now comth hasardrie..of which comth..chidynges and alle rauynes, blasphemynge, and reneiynge of god. ?a1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius i. pr. iv. 78 The fortunes..of the peple of the provinces ben harmed..be pryve ravynes [L. priuatis rapinis]. c1475 (?c1451) (Royal) (1860) 73 Suche oppressions and tirannyes, ravynes and crueltees. 1546 J. Heywood ii. ix. sig. L Sens we were borne, Ruine of one rauyn, was there none gretter. 1593 Queen Elizabeth I tr. Boethius De Consolatione Philosophiæ in (1899) i. pr. iv. 9 I sorowed for the provinces misfortunes, wrackt by private ravins and publick taxes. 1625 S. Purchas I. viii. iv. 1594 The damages and losses are so great, with the destructions and ouerthrowes of Cities, massacres and murders, with the cruelties horrible and ougly, with the rauins, iniquities and robberies. the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > stolen goods > [noun] > spoil or plunder > taken in war or raid α. c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring (1891) lxi. 10 Ne wil ȝe nouȝt couaite rauyns [L. rapinas]. 1860 E. B. Pusey 238 Petra..was well suited to be the receptacle of ravin. 1998 B. A. Garner 556/2 The town was their ravin. the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > [noun] α. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) v. 5507 (MED) His rihte name it is Ravine, Which hath a route of his covine..Ravine of othre mennes folde Makth his larder and paieth noght. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer (Hunterian) 6813 Bailifs, bedels, provost, countours, These lyven wel nygh by ravyne. c1450 (1904) I. 198 (MED) On a tyme..ane vsurar, of his ravyn & his vsurye, had byggid a kurk. 1484 W. Caxton tr. iii. vi He that lyueth but of rauyn and robberye shal at the last be knowen and robbed. 1542 T. Elyot at Cestreus ieiunat Good and iust men, which do no rauyn, nor taketh any other mens goodes from them. 1576 W. Lambarde 84 Oppressing the common people by insatiable rauine, extortion, and tirannie. 1600 H. Constable 19 The Ciuilian shall goe before..to make vndue dets & bank roupte by playne rauin & robbery. 1629 tr. Herodian (1635) 103 Yet shall you want nothing which is..not clogged with violence and ravine. 1800 J. Sedgwick vi. 147 The unsettled, plundering multitude, the lovers of disturbance and ravin. 1862 G. Rawlinson iii. 308 Blood, and ravin, and robbery are their characteristics. 1896 G. Barlow iv. viii. 145 Through this proud city's gates our soldiers stormed... Then followed ravin, spoliage, murder, lust. 1919 G. White 58 When nations cry for help in vain, When lust and ravin claim the earth, And tyrants wade through blood to reign. 2. the world > food and drink > hunting > thing hunted or game > [noun] > prey of animals c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Nahum ii. 12 The lyoun..fulfillede with praye her dennys and his couche with rauyn [a1425 L.V. raueyn; L. rapina]. a1425 Edward, Duke of York (Digby) p. vi Whan þei be olde and leseth her teth and hir strength and may nought beere hir rauayne, as þei were wont to do. 1590 E. Spenser i. xi. sig. K8v His deepe deuouring iawes Wyde gaped,..Through which into his darke abysse all rauin fell. 1667 J. Milton x. 599 There best, where most with ravin I may meet. View more context for this quotation 1755 S. Johnson Ravin, prey; food gotten by violence. 1765 J. Gill IV. 137/1 Lay them down in their dens; for rest and safety; and to feed themselves and young ones with the ravin they bring with them. 1836 17 163 There are others again which leap like tigers suddenly upon their ravin. 1879 E. Arnold v. 135 There is no living heart will pity her [sc. a tigress], Bloody with ravin, lean for lack of blood. 1914 E. P. Barker 20 Fierce tiger-whelps,..once gorged on blood of slain And weltering kine, henceforth quit not their ravin. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 57v Galle is nedeful in coleriis..namliche þe galle of a goshauk & oþir foules þat lyuen by raueyn [L. volucrum viuentium ex rapina]. ?a1475 (a1396) W. Hilton (Harl. 6579) ii. xiv. f. 76v Summe men arn turned in to wulfes þat lifen by rauyn, als fals coueitous men doþ. a1500 tr. Lanfranc (Wellcome) f. 34 (MED) Take þe gale of an egill or of a foule þat lyvith by raueyn. 1609 P. Holland tr. Ammianus Marcellinus xv. v. 57 As wild beasts, wont to liue of ravine and prey. 1691 J. Ray 90 Exposed to the ravine of any Vermine that may find them. a1798 T. Browne (1800) 86 Nor youth, nor beauty, can..purest virtue save, From death's relentless pow'r, and careless dart, From the fierce ravin of the greedy grave. 1856 J. Ruskin IV. 324 Their pastured flocks..safe from the eagle's stoop and the wolf's ravin. 1935 W. Empson 4 Nor heeds if the core be brown with maggots' raven. the world > animals > by eating habits > [noun] > carnivore > predator a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Matt. vii. 15 Be ȝe war of fals prophetis, that comen to ȝou in clothingis of scheep, but withynneforth thei ben as wolues of raueyn [c1384 E.V. rauyshynge wolues; L. lupi rapaces]. a1425 (a1400) (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 9448 (MED) With-outen, with dragons felle and kene Swa hidus was never here nane sene..with many hydus bestes of ravyn. a1500 (c1410) (Hunterian) (1976) i. 145 (MED) In therknesse begynnyn bestys of raueyne to walkyn. a1513 W. Dunbar (1998) I. 166 And lat no fowll of ravyne do efferay. 1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Ded. 32 To keepe Your flocks within, and beasts of ravine out. 1630 M. Drayton David & Goliah in 205 The Kites and Rauens are not farre away, Nor Beasts of rauin that shall make a prey Of a poore corpse. 1793 W. Andrews I. 111 Where fork-tongu'd adders hiss the weeds among, Where birds ill-omend—birds of ravin stray. 1866 E. H. Bickersteth x. 317 Those chafing hosts, by wrath and dust inspired, Like beasts of ravin, burst on Israel's camp. 1897 F. Thompson 143 All fair strong beasts of ravin. 1910 T. Roosevelt p. x The land..holds the fiercest beasts of ravin, and the fleetest and most timid of those beings that live in undying fear of talon and fang. the world > animals > by eating habits > [noun] > carnivore > predator a1626 J. Fletcher & W. Rowley Maid in Mill v. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher (1647) sig. Cccc4/1 Seiz'd on by a fierce and hungry Bear, She was the Ravins prey. the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > [noun] > eating voraciously the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > hunger > [noun] > extreme hunger a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 292 The wolf..desireth and coueyteþ blood and sleeþ him þat he may fynde in woodes [read woodnes] of raueyne [L. rabie rapacitatis]. c1425 J. Lydgate (Augustus A.iv) iii. l. 5367 (MED) Couetyse and knyȝthod..In o cheyne may nat be knet y-fere..ofte swiche ravyne Hath cause ben and rote of þe ruyne Of many worþi. c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius (Linc. Cathedral 103) 73 (MED) Theyre couetise ȝit may þer noþing plese; Theire cruell raveyn gapeþ after more. 1539 C. Tunstall sig. Aiiiv If he [sc. Christ] shulde haue made hym selfe equall to god, nat beinge so by nature, he shulde haue fallen by rauyn, as Lucyfer dyd. 1578 R. Day A iv Preserue me from..pride of eyes, rauine of the belly,..hunger of richesse, [etc.]. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V cci, in (1878) IV. 151 A Tiger, (whom lanke Ravin fires To sett vpon the Herds). 1685 J. Thomson tr. Plutarch in III. vii. 147 I have known some Brothers,..merely out of a savage disposition, fly upon the Goods of their deceased Parents, with the same ravine and fierceness, as they would upon the spoil of an Enemy. 1728 J. Thomson 21 With hot Ravine fir'd, ensanguin'd Man Is now become the Lyon of the Plain. 1860 A. C. Swinburne Rosamond iv, in 201 No appetite, that like the unchilded sea..is yet so wide, So vast of ravin or so blind in scope, As can abide [etc.]. 1897 L. Mifflin 72 A million kings Slain in his path could not his ravin slake. 1984 S. Brook 40 Ballets, musicals, gallery openings, they all vanish into the communal maw in a delirium of ravin. the world > movement > [noun] > force of movement a1500 (?c1450) 127 Bretell smote hym a-gein, that with so grete ravayn [Fr. a la rauine] that the spere ran thourgh his left sholder. a1500 (?c1450) 324 Thei..spored theire horse and smote in to the hoste with grete ravyne. †B. adj.the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > [adjective] > having (good) appetite > greedy or voracious a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 292 The wolf..is a raueyn [L. Rapax] beste and desireth and coueyteþ blood. c1500 (?a1437) (1939) xlvii (MED) There sawe I dress him new out of haunt..the ravin bare. 1585 J. Sharrock tr. C. Ocland i. sig. B.iiv The greedy woulfe which rauine hunger forth imboldes. 1615 H. Crooke 165 The great abundance of meate deuoured by Rauen-stomackes and Trencher-friends. a1616 W. Shakespeare (1623) iii. ii. 119 Better 'twere I met the rauine Lyon when he roar'd With sharpe constraint of hunger. View more context for this quotation 1865 E. FitzGerald (1903) 303 And on earth what saved and gain'd, By the ravin sea distrain'd. 1879 Ld. Tennyson (new ed.) 65 A vessel in mid-ocean,..the mast bent and the ravin wind In her sail roaring. 1888 C. E. Turner ii. 60 For a while he..regarded man as nothing more than the toy of ravin Nature. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † ravinn.2Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ravin. Etymology: < French ravin (see ravine n.). Compare earlier ravine n. 2. N.E.D. (1903) gives the stress as ˈravin. Obsolete. the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > valley > [noun] > gorge or ravine 1746 I. ii. 63 There is often occasion to raise some works of different irregular figures, which are suited to the place they are made in, to prevent the enemy approaching by some ravin or hollow way, &c. 1758 W. H. Dilworth 83 There was a deep ravin to be passed over, exposed to the battery of the redoubt, and on the other side of the ravin, the French army. 1785 (Royal Soc.) 75 18 I found myself in the bottom of a narrow and deep ravin. 1813 J. C. Hobhouse (ed. 2) 444 Uneven downs..terminating in heaths intersected by several ravins. a1827 H. M. Williams tr. A. von Humboldt (1829) VII. xxviii. 323 It is like the opening of a ravin, in which vessels drawing a great deal of water could enter, if a shoal..did not obstruct the passage. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online September 2020). <  n.1adj.a1325 n.21746 |
