bezoarn.

Brit.

/ˈbiːzɔː/,

/ˈbɛzəʊɑː/, U.S.

/ˈbiˌzɔr/

Forms: 1500s besert, bezer, 1500s–1600s bezahar, 1500s–1700s bezaar, bezar, 1600s besohard, besar, beazar, beazer, bazar, bezor, beazoar, bezaor, boezar, 1700s besaar, bezard, 1600s–1800s bezoard, bezoart, 1600s– bezoar.

Etymology: Like modern Latin bezahar, bezaar, bezoar (bezardicum, lapis bezoarticus), Spanish bezaar, bezar, bezoar, French bezahar, bezar, bezoar, bezoard, < Arabic bāzahr or bādizahr, < Persian pād-zahr counter-poison, antidote, bezoar stone; < zahr poison. In 17th cent. English, as in French and Spanish, bezahar, bezaar was reduced to two syllables, bezar, beazar, beazer/ˈbeːzər/, of which the modern pronunciation would be regularly /ˈbiːzə(r)/. The spelling bezoar (for bezaär) appears to be of modern Latin origin; it has influenced the pronunciation given in dictionaries since the end of last century.

†1. gen. A counter-poison or antidote. Obsolete. (In later writers taken as a figurative use of sense 2a: hence, also, bezoar-stone.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun]

atterlothec1000

treacle1340

theriaclec1400

theriacc1440

mithridate1528

antidote1543

counter-poison1548

pazar1563

antidotary1583

alexipharmac1585

alexipharmacum1590

bezoar1597

alexitery1604

corrector1605

counterbane1605

alexipharmacal1608

correctory1608

corrective1612

alexipharmic1628

alexiteric1655

deletery1657

obsistent1657

vincetoxic1658

bezoardic1671

alexiterial1673

alexiterian1681

therial1912

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 820 This roote Anthora is the Bezoar or counterpoison to that Thora.

1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 256 The iuyce of Apples being drunke, and Endiue, are the propper Bezoar against the venom of a Phalangie.

1637 Earl of Monmouth tr. V. Malvezzi Romulus & Tarquin 208 Valour is a kinde of Besar, which comforts the hearts of subjects, that they may the better endure a Tyrants venome.

1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 78 Every Thing that frees the Body from any Ailment, is called the Bezoar of that Ailment.

b.1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 929 A Hornet is the Bezoar stone for its own wound.

2. Various substances formerly held as antidotes: spec.

a. A calculus or concretion found in the stomach or intestines of some animals, chiefly ruminants, formed of concentric layers of animal matter deposited round some foreign substance, which serves as a nucleus. Often called bezoar-stone. (The ordinary current sense.)The original sort was the lapis bezoar orientale, obtained from the wild goat of Persia (modern Iran) and various antelopes, etc.; the lapis bezoar occidentale, obtained from the lamas of Peru, was less valued; see also German bezoar n. at German n. and adj. Compounds 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > concretion found in animal intestines

bezoar1580

swinestone1652

German bezoar1663

1580 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Bk. Medicines agaynst Venome in Ioyfull Newes (new ed.) f. 126 The stone is called the Bezaar, beyng..approoued good against Venome.

1585 in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth II. 420 Item, a besert stone.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 230 Diuisible into many shels or huskes like a Bezoar stone.

1622 R. Hawkins Observ. Voiage South Sea xix. 47 The Becunia, and other Beasts, which breed the Beazer stone.

a1627 H. Shirley Martyr'd Souldier (1638) iii. sig. F2 A true rare Quintessence, Extracted out of Orientall Bezar.

1694 Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. 32 I had his [sc. a guanaco's] Paunch opened, and searched for the Bezoar-stone.

1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 120 Rhinoceros-Bezoars, which I supposed were taken out of the Stomach or Guts of that large Animal.

1847–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. i. 85/1 The oriental bezoard, a resinous intestinal calculus.

1882 Catal. Museum St. Barthol. Hosp. I. 542 ( No. 293 ) Section of a Bezoar, composed chiefly of Pinic Acid. Its nucleus is a date-stone.

†b. Alleged stones or concretions of various kinds. (Usually due to ignorance of the origin of the preceding sense.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > other alleged concretions

bezoar1477

snake-stone1694

serpent-stone1861

1477 T. Norton Ordinall of Alchimy in Ashm. v. (1652) 72 Bezoars of the Mine.

1594 T. Blundeville Exercises v. ix. f. 259 This stone Bezar groweth in a concauitie in manner of a girdle about two handfull long and three inches broad.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 127 The Hart..sendeth forth certaine teares, which are turned into a stone (called Bezahar).

1618 Rep. E. Ind. Comp. in Jas. Mill Brit. India I. i. ii. 23 On the island of Borneo, diamonds, bezoar stones, and gold, might be obtained.

1634 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (1677) 358 The soil..uberous in rich Stones, as Diamonds, Chrysolites, Onyx, Magnets and Bezoars.

†c. Applied to various medicinal preparations.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > other antidotes > biological

bezoar1706

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Bezoar Minerale, a Chymical Preparation of Butter of Antimony.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Bezoar-Animale, the Livers and Hearts of Vipers dry'd in the Sun and powder'd.

1710 T. Fuller Pharmacopœia Extemporanea 309 Take..Bezoar Mineral..1 scruple.

1807 A. Aikin & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. I. 131/2 Bezoard Mineral is a perfect oxyd of Antimony.

†3. transferred. The wild goat of Persia (modern Iran), the best-known source of the calculus ( 2a). In later times called †bezoar-goat, †bezoar antelope. Obsolete.Early writers confound beazer and beaver.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Caprinae (goat) > [noun] > genus Capra > capra aegagrus (bezoar)

bezoar1611

pasang1721

pazar1774

agrimi1837

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Bezoard..breeds in the maw of the Goat called a Beazer.

1620 J. Ford Line of Life 74 Their places and honours are hunted after, as the Beazar for his preseruatiues.

1670 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 5 1177 The Oriental Bezoar..being a Savage Animal like a kid.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 74 The Bezoar goat..is the animal famous for that concretion in the intestines..called the Oriental Bezoar.

1780 W. Smellie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Gen. & Particular VI. 407 (note) The bezoar antilope..is one of the animals which produce the bezoar.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as bezoard-extract, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > concretion found in animal intestines > preparations of

bezoar1651

1651 J. French Art Distillation ii. 60 Which may be called a Bezoard extract.

1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 743 The Bezoar-like virtue of such stones.

1709 G. Wilson Chym. (ed. 3) i. 13 One Pound more of new Bezoart Spirit of Nitre.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	bezoar
释义	bezoarn. Brit. /ˈbiːzɔː/, /ˈbɛzəʊɑː/, U.S. /ˈbiˌzɔr/ Forms: 1500s besert, bezer, 1500s–1600s bezahar, 1500s–1700s bezaar, bezar, 1600s besohard, besar, beazar, beazer, bazar, bezor, beazoar, bezaor, boezar, 1700s besaar, bezard, 1600s–1800s bezoard, bezoart, 1600s– bezoar. Etymology: Like modern Latin bezahar, bezaar, bezoar (bezardicum, lapis bezoarticus), Spanish bezaar, bezar, bezoar, French bezahar, bezar, bezoar, bezoard, < Arabic bāzahr or bādizahr, < Persian pād-zahr counter-poison, antidote, bezoar stone; < zahr poison. In 17th cent. English, as in French and Spanish, bezahar, bezaar was reduced to two syllables, bezar, beazar, beazer/ˈbeːzər/, of which the modern pronunciation would be regularly /ˈbiːzə(r)/. The spelling bezoar (for bezaär) appears to be of modern Latin origin; it has influenced the pronunciation given in dictionaries since the end of last century. †1. gen. A counter-poison or antidote. Obsolete. (In later writers taken as a figurative use of sense 2a: hence, also, bezoar-stone.) ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] atterlothec1000 treacle1340 theriaclec1400 theriacc1440 mithridate1528 antidote1543 counter-poison1548 pazar1563 antidotary1583 alexipharmac1585 alexipharmacum1590 bezoar1597 alexitery1604 corrector1605 counterbane1605 alexipharmacal1608 correctory1608 corrective1612 alexipharmic1628 alexiteric1655 deletery1657 obsistent1657 vincetoxic1658 bezoardic1671 alexiterial1673 alexiterian1681 therial1912 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 820 This roote Anthora is the Bezoar or counterpoison to that Thora. 1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 256 The iuyce of Apples being drunke, and Endiue, are the propper Bezoar against the venom of a Phalangie. 1637 Earl of Monmouth tr. V. Malvezzi Romulus & Tarquin 208 Valour is a kinde of Besar, which comforts the hearts of subjects, that they may the better endure a Tyrants venome. 1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 78 Every Thing that frees the Body from any Ailment, is called the Bezoar of that Ailment. b.1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 929 A Hornet is the Bezoar stone for its own wound. 2. Various substances formerly held as antidotes: spec. a. A calculus or concretion found in the stomach or intestines of some animals, chiefly ruminants, formed of concentric layers of animal matter deposited round some foreign substance, which serves as a nucleus. Often called bezoar-stone. (The ordinary current sense.)The original sort was the lapis bezoar orientale, obtained from the wild goat of Persia (modern Iran) and various antelopes, etc.; the lapis bezoar occidentale, obtained from the lamas of Peru, was less valued; see also German bezoar n. at German n. and adj. Compounds 1b. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > concretion found in animal intestines bezoar1580 swinestone1652 German bezoar1663 1580 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Bk. Medicines agaynst Venome in Ioyfull Newes (new ed.) f. 126 The stone is called the Bezaar, beyng..approoued good against Venome. 1585 in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth II. 420 Item, a besert stone. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 230 Diuisible into many shels or huskes like a Bezoar stone. 1622 R. Hawkins Observ. Voiage South Sea xix. 47 The Becunia, and other Beasts, which breed the Beazer stone. a1627 H. Shirley Martyr'd Souldier (1638) iii. sig. F2 A true rare Quintessence, Extracted out of Orientall Bezar. 1694 Narbrough's Acct. Several Late Voy. 32 I had his [sc. a guanaco's] Paunch opened, and searched for the Bezoar-stone. 1752 Philos. Trans. 1749–50 (Royal Soc.) 46 120 Rhinoceros-Bezoars, which I supposed were taken out of the Stomach or Guts of that large Animal. 1847–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. i. 85/1 The oriental bezoard, a resinous intestinal calculus. 1882 Catal. Museum St. Barthol. Hosp. I. 542 ( No. 293 ) Section of a Bezoar, composed chiefly of Pinic Acid. Its nucleus is a date-stone. †b. Alleged stones or concretions of various kinds. (Usually due to ignorance of the origin of the preceding sense.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > other alleged concretions bezoar1477 snake-stone1694 serpent-stone1861 1477 T. Norton Ordinall of Alchimy in Ashm. v. (1652) 72 Bezoars of the Mine. 1594 T. Blundeville Exercises v. ix. f. 259 This stone Bezar groweth in a concauitie in manner of a girdle about two handfull long and three inches broad. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 127 The Hart..sendeth forth certaine teares, which are turned into a stone (called Bezahar). 1618 Rep. E. Ind. Comp. in Jas. Mill Brit. India I. i. ii. 23 On the island of Borneo, diamonds, bezoar stones, and gold, might be obtained. 1634 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (1677) 358 The soil..uberous in rich Stones, as Diamonds, Chrysolites, Onyx, Magnets and Bezoars. †c. Applied to various medicinal preparations. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > other antidotes > biological bezoar1706 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Bezoar Minerale, a Chymical Preparation of Butter of Antimony. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Bezoar-Animale, the Livers and Hearts of Vipers dry'd in the Sun and powder'd. 1710 T. Fuller Pharmacopœia Extemporanea 309 Take..Bezoar Mineral..1 scruple. 1807 A. Aikin & C. R. Aikin Dict. Chem. & Mineral. I. 131/2 Bezoard Mineral is a perfect oxyd of Antimony. †3. transferred. The wild goat of Persia (modern Iran), the best-known source of the calculus ( 2a). In later times called †bezoar-goat, †bezoar antelope. Obsolete.Early writers confound beazer and beaver. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > subfamily Caprinae (goat) > [noun] > genus Capra > capra aegagrus (bezoar) bezoar1611 pasang1721 pazar1774 agrimi1837 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Bezoard..breeds in the maw of the Goat called a Beazer. 1620 J. Ford Line of Life 74 Their places and honours are hunted after, as the Beazar for his preseruatiues. 1670 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 5 1177 The Oriental Bezoar..being a Savage Animal like a kid. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 74 The Bezoar goat..is the animal famous for that concretion in the intestines..called the Oriental Bezoar. 1780 W. Smellie tr. Comte de Buffon Nat. Hist. Gen. & Particular VI. 407 (note) The bezoar antilope..is one of the animals which produce the bezoar. Compounds attributive and in other combinations, as bezoard-extract, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > antidote > [noun] > concretion found in animal intestines > preparations of bezoar1651 1651 J. French Art Distillation ii. 60 Which may be called a Bezoard extract. 1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 743 The Bezoar-like virtue of such stones. 1709 G. Wilson Chym. (ed. 3) i. 13 One Pound more of new Bezoart Spirit of Nitre. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1477
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