ratan.

Brit.

/ˈrɑːtə/, U.S.

/ˈrɑdə/, New Zealand English

/ˈrʌːtʌː/,

/ˈrʌːdə/

Forms: 1700s ratta, 1700s rattah, 1700s– rata, 1800s ráttár.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Tahitian. Partly a borrowing from Maori. Etymons: Tahitian rātā; Maori rātā.

Etymology: Partly < Tahitian rātā, originally denoting trees of the genus Metrosideros (see sense 2; now only as puarātā ), subsequently also denoting the tree Inocarpus fagifer and its fruit (see sense 1; obsolete in this sense, now called māpē mape n.), and partly (only in sense 2) < its cognate Maori rātā.

†1. The edible fruit of the tree Inocarpus fagifer (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), native to the South Pacific. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > Australasian

tallow-tree1704

rata1773

rosewood1779

red mahogany1798

ironbark1799

wild orange1802

red gum1803

rewarewa1817

red cedar1818

black-butted gum1820

Huon pine1820

miro1820

oak1821

horoeka1831

hinau1832

maire1832

totara1832

blackbutt1833

marri1833

raspberry jam tree1833

kohekohe1835

puriri1835

tawa1839

hickory1840

whau1840

pukatea1841

titoki1842

butterbush1843

iron gum1844

York gum1846

mangeao1848

myall1848

ironheart1859

lilly-pilly1860

belah1862

flindosa1862

jarrah1866

silky oak1866

teak of New South Wales1866

Tolosa-wood1866

turmeric-tree1866

walking-stick palm1869

tooart1870

queenwood1873

tarairi1873

boree1878

yate1880

axe-breaker1884

bangalay1884

coachwood1884

cudgerie1884

feather-wood1884

forest mahogany1884

maiden's blush1884

swamp mahogany1884

tallow-wood1884

teak of New Zealand1884

wandoo1884

heartwood1885

ivorywood1887

Jimmy Low1887

Burdekin plum1889

corkwood1889

pigeon-berry ash1889

red beech1889

silver beech1889

turnip-wood1891

black bean1895

red bean1895

pinkwood1898

poplar1898

rose mahogany1898

quandong1908

lancewood1910

New Zealand honeysuckle1910

Queensland walnut1919

mahogany gum1944

Australian mahogany1948

a1771 S. Parkinson Jrnl. Voy. South Seas (1773) 39 E hee, or E ratta. Aniotum-fagiferum. This is a tall and stately tree which bears a round flat fruit, covered with a thick tough coat, and, when roasted..eats as well as a chestnut.]

1773 J. R. Forster Jrnl. 14 Sept. in 'Resolution' Jrnl. (1982) II. 366 We brought likewise off from the Hill, the Flowers of the Ratta-Tree, which bears a large Nut with a kernel, which when rosted is eaten by the Natives [of Ra'iatea near Tahiti].

1792 W. Bligh Voy. to South Sea xi. 139 The rattah, not much unlike a chestnut,..grows on a large tree.

a. New Zealand. Any of several evergreen trees of the genus Metrosideros (family Myrtaceae), esp. (more fully northern rata) M. robusta and (more fully mountain rata or southern rata) M. umbellata, both having striking red flowers. Also: the heavy reddish timber of any of these trees.

ΚΠ

a1771 S. Parkinson Jrnl. Voy. South Seas (1773) 40 E ratta, or e pooratta. Metrosideros-spectabilis. This tree, or shrub, grows upon the Tooaroa, or Lower-hills [of Tahiti]... The flowers are full of beautiful scarlet stamina.]

1829 W. Ellis Polynesian Res. I. xiii. 376 The wood of the rata has a fine straight grain.

1889 T. Kirk Forest Flora N.Z. 99 The southern rata is easily cultivated, and, although of slow growth, is of value for ornamental planting.

1889 T. Kirk Forest Flora N.Z. 263 The northern rata is one of the largest trees in the New Zealand flora.

a1927 F. S. Anthony Gus Tomlins (1977) 152 They said the timber we were amongst was all mountain rata, and very difficult to split.

1949 F. Sargeson I saw in my Dream 127 Mr Anderson and Dave sat with their backs against the twisted barrel of a fallen rata.

1988 J. Frame Carpathians ii. 13 The houses are arranged..in streets named..after the native trees—manuka, rata.

b. Any of several woody lianas of the genus Metrosideros, esp. (more fully white rata) M. albiflora and M. perforata, with white or pink flowers.Recorded earliest in rata vine.

ΚΠ

c1875 G. L. Meredith Adventuring in Maoriland (1935) 84 Between the tops of the inside posts and the..outside posts [of the pa fortifications] is a platform of spars, strongly laced to both by rata vine.

1888 G. B. Hetley Nature Flowers N.Z. 2 The lovely white Rata (Metrosideros albiflora)..hanging down a bank and climbing the branches of the trees in masses of white feathery balls.

1951 Bull. Wellington Bot. Soc. 25 24 Several bushes of white rata, Metrosideros perforata, were flowering on the face of the cliffs.

1974 National Geographic Aug. 195 The nightmare tree called rata, which begins as an innocent-seeming vine, and, in the end, strangles the tree to which it attaches itself.

2004 Nelson (N.Z.) Mail (Nexis) 30 Jan. (Features section) 15 These ratas have been grown from cuttings taken from the adult growths of the vines, so they replicate the bushy adult form rather than going through the climbing juvenile phase.

Compounds

C1. New Zealand. General attributive, esp. in rata tree.

ΚΠ

1835 W. Yate Acct. of N.Z. Index Rata-tree.

1896 N.Z. Alpine Jrnl. 2 148 The only patch of rata bush on the flat, the rest being partly open ‘pakihi’ and partly covered with low scrub and timber.

1968 N.Z. Listener 15 Mar. 6/5 Lying in its sheltered cove..complete with its own rata tree, inaka bushes, and great cushy heaps of golden-green moss.

1991 Jrnl. Biogeogr. 18 497/2 Rata logs are durable and should remain, if in fact they were in the original vegetation, but none were found.

C2.

rata vine n. New Zealand = sense 2b.

ΚΠ

c1875Rata vine [see sense 2b].

1935 ‘J. Guthrie’ Little Country iv. 98 Nikaus, rata vine, and lycopodium..brought to the hall the charms of the New Zealand bush.

1986 B. Richards Off Sheeps Back 28 If thirsty..a very palatable drink could be obtained by cutting a length of rata vine.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	rata
释义	ratan. Brit. /ˈrɑːtə/, U.S. /ˈrɑdə/, New Zealand English /ˈrʌːtʌː/, /ˈrʌːdə/ Forms: 1700s ratta, 1700s rattah, 1700s– rata, 1800s ráttár. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Tahitian. Partly a borrowing from Maori. Etymons: Tahitian rātā; Maori rātā. Etymology: Partly < Tahitian rātā, originally denoting trees of the genus Metrosideros (see sense 2; now only as puarātā ), subsequently also denoting the tree Inocarpus fagifer and its fruit (see sense 1; obsolete in this sense, now called māpē mape n.), and partly (only in sense 2) < its cognate Maori rātā. †1. The edible fruit of the tree Inocarpus fagifer (family Fabaceae ( Leguminosae)), native to the South Pacific. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > Australasian tallow-tree1704 rata1773 rosewood1779 red mahogany1798 ironbark1799 wild orange1802 red gum1803 rewarewa1817 red cedar1818 black-butted gum1820 Huon pine1820 miro1820 oak1821 horoeka1831 hinau1832 maire1832 totara1832 blackbutt1833 marri1833 raspberry jam tree1833 kohekohe1835 puriri1835 tawa1839 hickory1840 whau1840 pukatea1841 titoki1842 butterbush1843 iron gum1844 York gum1846 mangeao1848 myall1848 ironheart1859 lilly-pilly1860 belah1862 flindosa1862 jarrah1866 silky oak1866 teak of New South Wales1866 Tolosa-wood1866 turmeric-tree1866 walking-stick palm1869 tooart1870 queenwood1873 tarairi1873 boree1878 yate1880 axe-breaker1884 bangalay1884 coachwood1884 cudgerie1884 feather-wood1884 forest mahogany1884 maiden's blush1884 swamp mahogany1884 tallow-wood1884 teak of New Zealand1884 wandoo1884 heartwood1885 ivorywood1887 Jimmy Low1887 Burdekin plum1889 corkwood1889 pigeon-berry ash1889 red beech1889 silver beech1889 turnip-wood1891 black bean1895 red bean1895 pinkwood1898 poplar1898 rose mahogany1898 quandong1908 lancewood1910 New Zealand honeysuckle1910 Queensland walnut1919 mahogany gum1944 Australian mahogany1948 a1771 S. Parkinson Jrnl. Voy. South Seas (1773) 39 E hee, or E ratta. Aniotum-fagiferum. This is a tall and stately tree which bears a round flat fruit, covered with a thick tough coat, and, when roasted..eats as well as a chestnut.] 1773 J. R. Forster Jrnl. 14 Sept. in 'Resolution' Jrnl. (1982) II. 366 We brought likewise off from the Hill, the Flowers of the Ratta-Tree, which bears a large Nut with a kernel, which when rosted is eaten by the Natives [of Ra'iatea near Tahiti]. 1792 W. Bligh Voy. to South Sea xi. 139 The rattah, not much unlike a chestnut,..grows on a large tree. 2. a. New Zealand. Any of several evergreen trees of the genus Metrosideros (family Myrtaceae), esp. (more fully northern rata) M. robusta and (more fully mountain rata or southern rata) M. umbellata, both having striking red flowers. Also: the heavy reddish timber of any of these trees. ΚΠ a1771 S. Parkinson Jrnl. Voy. South Seas (1773) 40 E ratta, or e pooratta. Metrosideros-spectabilis. This tree, or shrub, grows upon the Tooaroa, or Lower-hills [of Tahiti]... The flowers are full of beautiful scarlet stamina.] 1829 W. Ellis Polynesian Res. I. xiii. 376 The wood of the rata has a fine straight grain. 1889 T. Kirk Forest Flora N.Z. 99 The southern rata is easily cultivated, and, although of slow growth, is of value for ornamental planting. 1889 T. Kirk Forest Flora N.Z. 263 The northern rata is one of the largest trees in the New Zealand flora. a1927 F. S. Anthony Gus Tomlins (1977) 152 They said the timber we were amongst was all mountain rata, and very difficult to split. 1949 F. Sargeson I saw in my Dream 127 Mr Anderson and Dave sat with their backs against the twisted barrel of a fallen rata. 1988 J. Frame Carpathians ii. 13 The houses are arranged..in streets named..after the native trees—manuka, rata. b. Any of several woody lianas of the genus Metrosideros, esp. (more fully white rata) M. albiflora and M. perforata, with white or pink flowers.Recorded earliest in rata vine. ΚΠ c1875 G. L. Meredith Adventuring in Maoriland (1935) 84 Between the tops of the inside posts and the..outside posts [of the pa fortifications] is a platform of spars, strongly laced to both by rata vine. 1888 G. B. Hetley Nature Flowers N.Z. 2 The lovely white Rata (Metrosideros albiflora)..hanging down a bank and climbing the branches of the trees in masses of white feathery balls. 1951 Bull. Wellington Bot. Soc. 25 24 Several bushes of white rata, Metrosideros perforata, were flowering on the face of the cliffs. 1974 National Geographic Aug. 195 The nightmare tree called rata, which begins as an innocent-seeming vine, and, in the end, strangles the tree to which it attaches itself. 2004 Nelson (N.Z.) Mail (Nexis) 30 Jan. (Features section) 15 These ratas have been grown from cuttings taken from the adult growths of the vines, so they replicate the bushy adult form rather than going through the climbing juvenile phase. Compounds C1. New Zealand. General attributive, esp. in rata tree. ΚΠ 1835 W. Yate Acct. of N.Z. Index Rata-tree. 1896 N.Z. Alpine Jrnl. 2 148 The only patch of rata bush on the flat, the rest being partly open ‘pakihi’ and partly covered with low scrub and timber. 1968 N.Z. Listener 15 Mar. 6/5 Lying in its sheltered cove..complete with its own rata tree, inaka bushes, and great cushy heaps of golden-green moss. 1991 Jrnl. Biogeogr. 18 497/2 Rata logs are durable and should remain, if in fact they were in the original vegetation, but none were found. C2. rata vine n. New Zealand = sense 2b. ΚΠ c1875Rata vine [see sense 2b]. 1935 ‘J. Guthrie’ Little Country iv. 98 Nikaus, rata vine, and lycopodium..brought to the hall the charms of the New Zealand bush. 1986 B. Richards Off Sheeps Back 28 If thirsty..a very palatable drink could be obtained by cutting a length of rata vine. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1773
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