rayonn.¹

Brit.

/ˈreɪɒn/,

/ˈreɪən/, U.S.

/ˈreɪˌɑn/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French rayon.

Etymology: < French rayon ray of light (1474 in Middle French as reon ), spoke of a wheel (1538), radius (1639), circular area determined by the length of the radius (19th cent.) < rai ray n.⁵ + -on -oon suffix.It is uncertain whether the following shows an earlier example of this word:1589 A. Munday tr. F. de Vernassal Hist. Palmendos xxi. f. 65^v This Idea passing through the penetrailes & secret rayons [Fr. secrets rayons] of the stomack engraues on the hart the perfect portrait of y^e thing beloued.

†1. A ray of light. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > [noun] > ray or beam

beamc885

rowc1225

stringc1275

steamc1300

light beama1398

shafta1400

rayc1400

strakec1400

rade?a1563

gleed1566

radiation1570

shine1581

rayon1591

stralla1618

radius1620

rule1637

irradiation1643

track1693

emanation1700

spoke1849

spearc1850

slant1856

sword1866

secondary1921

1591 E. Spenser tr. J. du Bellay Visions ii, in Complaints sig. Y2 Shining Christall, which..a thousand rayons threw.

1595 B. Barnes Divine Cent. Spirituall Sonnets lvi. sig. E2 Pure Bird of heau'nly sollace, peace and Loue, With Rayons bright my soule illuminate.

a1609 A. Hume Day Estivall (1902) 177 The rayons of the Sunne we see, Diminish in their strength.

1859 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. II. 244 Here stood A cave,..unreached by rayons of the sun.

2. Chiefly Military. = radius n. 6a; spec. the area within the boundaries or fortifications of a particular place, a precinct. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a circular space > area measured by length of radius

radius1777

rayon1815

1815 Times 30 Nov. 2/3 The military command..shall not extend to the fortresses which the French troops are to occupy,..nor to a rayon of 1000 toises around each of these places.

1832 Times 2 Jan. 2/1 The bands..are intrenched within the precincts (rayon) of the fortress of Luxemburg.

1878 M. E. Herbert tr. J. A. von Hübner Ramble round World iii. i. 459 Within a rayon of a certain number of miles.

1907 A. Forbes tr. H. von Moltke Franco-German War 1870–71 400 The commandant of the garrison at Langres also raised difficulties, and only withdrew within his rayon on February 7th.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rayonn.²

Brit.

/rʌɪˈjɒn/, U.S.

/raɪˈjɔn/

Forms: 1900s– raion, 1900s– rajon, 1900s– rayon.

Origin: A borrowing from Russian. Etymons: Russian rajon, raion.

Etymology: < Russian rajon (also transliterated raion, rayon) region, district (1814 or earlier as †rajon" ), (in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation) administrative subdivision of an oblast, krai, or (in Russia) a large city (1917 as †rajon" ) < French rayon rayon n.¹

Originally: (in Russia and some other parts of Eastern Europe) the area surrounding a city, fortress, etc.; a district, a precinct; cf. rayon n.¹ 2. Later: (in the Soviet Union and some countries formerly part of the Soviet Union) an administrative subdivision of an oblast, krai, or (in Russia) a large city.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in Russia

rayon1830

oblast1844

zemstvo1865

volost1889

kray1938

1830 C. W. Vane Narr. of War Germany & France (ed. 2) xix. 319 He [sc. Prince Hardenberg] would consent that Thorn and its Rayon, Cracow and its Rayon, should be formed into independent cities.

1842 J. G. Kohl Russia 3 The Petersburg Side..remarkable chiefly for its fortress or citadel, whose rayon drives the houses from the river-side, is inhabited by the poorer classes of the population.

1936 Nature 23 May 843/1 They [sc. the soviets] in their turn send delegates to the rayons, above which are the oblasts.

1959 Economist 14 Mar. 946/1 In at least two of Moscow's fifteen raions, the chaps at the local Agitpunkts seem to have been lying down on the job.

1976 Survey Spring 65 There are [in the USSR] 14 union republic central committees, 10 okrug committees..and 4,243 city and raion committees.

2006 Agence France Presse Newswire (Nexis) 21 Mar. Six of the cases, aged between 10 and 20, are from the same village of Daikyand in the southeastern rayon, or district, of Salyan.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

rayonn.³adj.

Brit.

/ˈreɪɒn/,

/ˈreɪən/, U.S.

/ˈreɪˌɑn/

Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: ray n.⁵, cotton n.¹

Etymology: Apparently < ray n.⁵ + -on (in cotton n.¹), so called with reference to the lustre of the material (compare quot. 1924 at sense A.). Perhaps compare earlier radium n. 2. Compare later nylon n.Examples such as the following apparently reflect an unrelated use of French rayon rayon n.¹ in the fashion industry:1921 N.Y. Times 27 Nov. 4/2 (advt.) Le Petit Trousseau containing Rayon silk nightgown, vest chemise, and drawers.1923 Indianapolis Sunday Star 14 Jan. 14 (advt.) The sets—composed of vest and step-in drawers—are of crepe de chine, Rayon silk, satin and Georgette.1923 San Antonio (Texas) Express 10 July 11/4 (advt.) Princess slips! Tub silk, with rayon stripes.

A. n.³

Any of the class of fibres and filaments made from regenerated cellulose. Also: fabric made from such fibres, used for clothing, furnishings, and surgical and industrial items; also called artificial silk. Cf. viscose n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > man-made textiles > [noun]

acetyl cellulose1879

artificial silk1879

art silk1885

Chardonnet silk1893

triacetate1895

viscose silk1913

Celanese1921

rayon1924

fibro1926

staple fibre1928

viscose rayon1930

viscose1932

Lanital1936

Tricel1954

polynosic1959

olefin1960

modal1977

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from man-made fibres > [noun] > artificial silk

artificial silk1879

poult1883

art silk1885

Chardonnet silk1893

near-silka1911

viscose silk1913

Celanese1921

rayon1924

viscose rayon1930

viscose1932

Tricel1954

1924 N.Y. Times 13 Apr. 13/6 The committee [sc. the National Retail Dry Goods Association of America] believed that ‘rayon’ was a better name than ‘glos’, and suggested it to those who must use another designation than artificial silk.

1925 Glasgow Herald 26 Mar. 15/1 The Viscose Company states that it will discontinue the use of wood pulp as a base for rayon when its wood pulp contracts expire.

1926 A. L. Wykes Working Viscose Silk 34 Acetate rayons burn more slowly than other rayons.

1932 Punch 23 Nov. p. iv/2 (advt.) That is why simple underwear appeals to horsemen, especially when it is made from Courtaulds Rayon.

1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 230/2 Rayons are classified according to the highly technical processes by which they are manufactured.

1969 Encycl. Polymer Sci. & Technol. XI. 844 High-tenacity rayons are consumed by industry as reinforcing cords for manufacturing all types of rubber tires, drive belts, high-pressure hoses.

1973 H. McCloy Change of Heart ii. 18 Her stockings were real silk, not flimsy nylon..or coarse rayon.

2003 G. A. Dariaux Guide to Elegance (new ed.) 145 Once upon a time, you only had to hint that a material contained rayon in order for the customers to turn up their noses.

B. adj. (attributive).

Made or consisting of rayon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > man-made textiles > [adjective] > other

rayon1929

Dacron1951

polynosic1959

rayon1929

stretch1956

Lycra1958

Qiana1968

modacrylic1969

Crimplene1970

Dralon1978

1929 Rayon Record 3 411/2 A few samples of yarns and fabrics illustrating the decorative value of rayon yarns..have been received.

1929 Rayon Record 3 587/1 The lower temperature up to about 110° is utilized for silk or rayon stockings.

1948 ‘J. Tey’ Franchise Affair xi. 119 Fawn-grey rayon stockings.

1977 B. Pym Quartet in Autumn v. 51 The dressing gown was a jazzy rayon satin.

1993 Canad. Living June 55 (caption) A slinky rayon sweater in navy-and-white French-style stripes.

Compounds

rayon industry n.

ΚΠ

1925 Commerce Rep. (U.S.) 2 Mar. 501/1 The British rayon industry is still expanding and new building operations are now in progress.

1938 H. U. Faulkner Amer. Econ. Hist. (ed. 4) xx. 424 Paterson is now the center of the silk and rayon industry.

2007 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 8 Apr. Eucalyptus is an important pulpwood species, which is widely used in the paper and Rayon industries.

rayon-containing adj.

ΚΠ

1929 Lincoln (Nebraska) Evening Jrnl. 1 May 6/3 (advt.) A style-show with eight living mannequins displaying imported models and domestic originals of lovely rayon and rayon containing fabrics.

1995 WWD (Nexis) Mar. 15 A mill that produces a large number of rayon-containing fabrics.

rayon-corded adj.

ΚΠ

1925 Times 6 Apr. 17/7 (advt.) Rayon Corded Material, from which the coats illustrated below are made, is the most fashionable fabric for smart wear.

1997 C. Floyd Managing Technol. for Corporate Success v. 90 With hindsight it is clear that..steel radials were a substitute for rayon corded radial tyres.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1591

n.²1830

n.³adj.1924

单词	rayon
释义	rayonn.¹ Brit. /ˈreɪɒn/, /ˈreɪən/, U.S. /ˈreɪˌɑn/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French rayon. Etymology: < French rayon ray of light (1474 in Middle French as reon ), spoke of a wheel (1538), radius (1639), circular area determined by the length of the radius (19th cent.) < rai ray n.⁵ + -on -oon suffix.It is uncertain whether the following shows an earlier example of this word:1589 A. Munday tr. F. de Vernassal Hist. Palmendos xxi. f. 65^v This Idea passing through the penetrailes & secret rayons [Fr. secrets rayons] of the stomack engraues on the hart the perfect portrait of y^e thing beloued. †1. A ray of light. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > [noun] > ray or beam beamc885 rowc1225 stringc1275 steamc1300 light beama1398 shafta1400 rayc1400 strakec1400 rade?a1563 gleed1566 radiation1570 shine1581 rayon1591 stralla1618 radius1620 rule1637 irradiation1643 track1693 emanation1700 spoke1849 spearc1850 slant1856 sword1866 secondary1921 1591 E. Spenser tr. J. du Bellay Visions ii, in Complaints sig. Y2 Shining Christall, which..a thousand rayons threw. 1595 B. Barnes Divine Cent. Spirituall Sonnets lvi. sig. E2 Pure Bird of heau'nly sollace, peace and Loue, With Rayons bright my soule illuminate. a1609 A. Hume Day Estivall (1902) 177 The rayons of the Sunne we see, Diminish in their strength. 1859 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid viii, in tr. Virgil Wks. II. 244 Here stood A cave,..unreached by rayons of the sun. 2. Chiefly Military. = radius n. 6a; spec. the area within the boundaries or fortifications of a particular place, a precinct. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [noun] > circularity > a circle > a circular space > area measured by length of radius radius1777 rayon1815 1815 Times 30 Nov. 2/3 The military command..shall not extend to the fortresses which the French troops are to occupy,..nor to a rayon of 1000 toises around each of these places. 1832 Times 2 Jan. 2/1 The bands..are intrenched within the precincts (rayon) of the fortress of Luxemburg. 1878 M. E. Herbert tr. J. A. von Hübner Ramble round World iii. i. 459 Within a rayon of a certain number of miles. 1907 A. Forbes tr. H. von Moltke Franco-German War 1870–71 400 The commandant of the garrison at Langres also raised difficulties, and only withdrew within his rayon on February 7th. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rayonn.² Brit. /rʌɪˈjɒn/, U.S. /raɪˈjɔn/ Forms: 1900s– raion, 1900s– rajon, 1900s– rayon. Origin: A borrowing from Russian. Etymons: Russian rajon, raion. Etymology: < Russian rajon (also transliterated raion, rayon) region, district (1814 or earlier as †rajon" ), (in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation) administrative subdivision of an oblast, krai, or (in Russia) a large city (1917 as †rajon" ) < French rayon rayon n.¹ Originally: (in Russia and some other parts of Eastern Europe) the area surrounding a city, fortress, etc.; a district, a precinct; cf. rayon n.¹ 2. Later: (in the Soviet Union and some countries formerly part of the Soviet Union) an administrative subdivision of an oblast, krai, or (in Russia) a large city. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in Russia rayon1830 oblast1844 zemstvo1865 volost1889 kray1938 1830 C. W. Vane Narr. of War Germany & France (ed. 2) xix. 319 He [sc. Prince Hardenberg] would consent that Thorn and its Rayon, Cracow and its Rayon, should be formed into independent cities. 1842 J. G. Kohl Russia 3 The Petersburg Side..remarkable chiefly for its fortress or citadel, whose rayon drives the houses from the river-side, is inhabited by the poorer classes of the population. 1936 Nature 23 May 843/1 They [sc. the soviets] in their turn send delegates to the rayons, above which are the oblasts. 1959 Economist 14 Mar. 946/1 In at least two of Moscow's fifteen raions, the chaps at the local Agitpunkts seem to have been lying down on the job. 1976 Survey Spring 65 There are [in the USSR] 14 union republic central committees, 10 okrug committees..and 4,243 city and raion committees. 2006 Agence France Presse Newswire (Nexis) 21 Mar. Six of the cases, aged between 10 and 20, are from the same village of Daikyand in the southeastern rayon, or district, of Salyan. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). rayonn.³adj. Brit. /ˈreɪɒn/, /ˈreɪən/, U.S. /ˈreɪˌɑn/ Origin: Apparently formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: ray n.⁵, cotton n.¹ Etymology: Apparently < ray n.⁵ + -on (in cotton n.¹), so called with reference to the lustre of the material (compare quot. 1924 at sense A.). Perhaps compare earlier radium n. 2. Compare later nylon n.Examples such as the following apparently reflect an unrelated use of French rayon rayon n.¹ in the fashion industry:1921 N.Y. Times 27 Nov. 4/2 (advt.) Le Petit Trousseau containing Rayon silk nightgown, vest chemise, and drawers.1923 Indianapolis Sunday Star 14 Jan. 14 (advt.) The sets—composed of vest and step-in drawers—are of crepe de chine, Rayon silk, satin and Georgette.1923 San Antonio (Texas) Express 10 July 11/4 (advt.) Princess slips! Tub silk, with rayon stripes. A. n.³ Any of the class of fibres and filaments made from regenerated cellulose. Also: fabric made from such fibres, used for clothing, furnishings, and surgical and industrial items; also called artificial silk. Cf. viscose n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > man-made textiles > [noun] acetyl cellulose1879 artificial silk1879 art silk1885 Chardonnet silk1893 triacetate1895 viscose silk1913 Celanese1921 rayon1924 fibro1926 staple fibre1928 viscose rayon1930 viscose1932 Lanital1936 Tricel1954 polynosic1959 olefin1960 modal1977 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from man-made fibres > [noun] > artificial silk artificial silk1879 poult1883 art silk1885 Chardonnet silk1893 near-silka1911 viscose silk1913 Celanese1921 rayon1924 viscose rayon1930 viscose1932 Tricel1954 1924 N.Y. Times 13 Apr. 13/6 The committee [sc. the National Retail Dry Goods Association of America] believed that ‘rayon’ was a better name than ‘glos’, and suggested it to those who must use another designation than artificial silk. 1925 Glasgow Herald 26 Mar. 15/1 The Viscose Company states that it will discontinue the use of wood pulp as a base for rayon when its wood pulp contracts expire. 1926 A. L. Wykes Working Viscose Silk 34 Acetate rayons burn more slowly than other rayons. 1932 Punch 23 Nov. p. iv/2 (advt.) That is why simple underwear appeals to horsemen, especially when it is made from Courtaulds Rayon. 1951 Good Housek. Home Encycl. 230/2 Rayons are classified according to the highly technical processes by which they are manufactured. 1969 Encycl. Polymer Sci. & Technol. XI. 844 High-tenacity rayons are consumed by industry as reinforcing cords for manufacturing all types of rubber tires, drive belts, high-pressure hoses. 1973 H. McCloy Change of Heart ii. 18 Her stockings were real silk, not flimsy nylon..or coarse rayon. 2003 G. A. Dariaux Guide to Elegance (new ed.) 145 Once upon a time, you only had to hint that a material contained rayon in order for the customers to turn up their noses. B. adj. (attributive). Made or consisting of rayon. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > man-made textiles > [adjective] > other rayon1929 Dacron1951 polynosic1959 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from man-made fibres > [adjective] > synthetic > specific rayon1929 stretch1956 Lycra1958 Qiana1968 modacrylic1969 Crimplene1970 Dralon1978 1929 Rayon Record 3 411/2 A few samples of yarns and fabrics illustrating the decorative value of rayon yarns..have been received. 1929 Rayon Record 3 587/1 The lower temperature up to about 110° is utilized for silk or rayon stockings. 1948 ‘J. Tey’ Franchise Affair xi. 119 Fawn-grey rayon stockings. 1977 B. Pym Quartet in Autumn v. 51 The dressing gown was a jazzy rayon satin. 1993 Canad. Living June 55 (caption) A slinky rayon sweater in navy-and-white French-style stripes. Compounds rayon industry n. ΚΠ 1925 Commerce Rep. (U.S.) 2 Mar. 501/1 The British rayon industry is still expanding and new building operations are now in progress. 1938 H. U. Faulkner Amer. Econ. Hist. (ed. 4) xx. 424 Paterson is now the center of the silk and rayon industry. 2007 Hindustan Times (Nexis) 8 Apr. Eucalyptus is an important pulpwood species, which is widely used in the paper and Rayon industries. rayon-containing adj. ΚΠ 1929 Lincoln (Nebraska) Evening Jrnl. 1 May 6/3 (advt.) A style-show with eight living mannequins displaying imported models and domestic originals of lovely rayon and rayon containing fabrics. 1995 WWD (Nexis) Mar. 15 A mill that produces a large number of rayon-containing fabrics. rayon-corded adj. ΚΠ 1925 Times 6 Apr. 17/7 (advt.) Rayon Corded Material, from which the coats illustrated below are made, is the most fashionable fabric for smart wear. 1997 C. Floyd Managing Technol. for Corporate Success v. 90 With hindsight it is clear that..steel radials were a substitute for rayon corded radial tyres. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1591n.²1830n.³adj.1924
随便看	intravertebral intravertebrally intravertebrate intravertebrated intravesical intravital intravitally intravitelline intraxylary intray intrazonal intreatable intrembled intrembling intremendous intrench intrenchant intrenched intrenches intrenching intrepid intrepidities intrepidity intrepidly intrepidness

rayonn.1

rayonn.2

rayonn.3adj.

Compounds

rayonn.¹

rayonn.²

rayonn.³adj.