redshirtn.

Brit.

/ˈrɛdʃəːt/, U.S.

/ˈrɛdˌʃərt/

Forms: also with capital initial(s).

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., shirt n.

Etymology: < red adj. + shirt n. In sense 1 apparently after Italian camicia rossa, in same sense, transferred use of camicia rossa denoting such a shirt as worn by Garibaldi's supporters (both apparently 1860 or earlier). In sense 3 after Pashto surx poš in same sense, use as noun of surx-poš red-garmented, itself perhaps after Persian surx-poš in same sense (not recorded in dictionaries, but compare Persian siyah-poš black-clad). In sense 4, with reference to the red shirts usually worn by such athletes during practice; compare slightly earlier redshirt v.

1. A supporter of the Italian nationalist leader Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807–82), esp. one of the thousand who sailed with him in 1860 to conquer Sicily. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > Italian politics > [noun] > supporter of Garibaldi

Garibaldian1860

redshirt1860

Garibaldist1863

Garibaldino1904

1860 Morning Chron. 25 May 6/3 It may have been that the red shirts or coats of some of the landing party misled the Neapolitans.]

1860 Times 27 June 10/1 Only the other day I saw one of our red shirts sitting on the parapet of the citadel.

1864 F. Young & W. B. B. Stevens Garibaldi lxxvi. 202 Some of them mended their lives when Garibaldi came, and fought well in the ranks of the Redshirts before Capua.

1948 F. Frenaye tr. C. Levi Christ stopped at Eboli xvii. 168 When King Franceschiello had to leave Naples.., Garibaldi and his Red Shirts set out to attack him.

2002 G. Euvino Compl. Idiot's Guide Ital. Hist. & Culture iv. xvii. 186 The tireless Garibaldi and his thousand Redshirts then crossed to the Italian mainland.

2. A revolutionary, anarchist, or communist. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > revolution > [noun] > revolutionary

innovator1598

revolver1698

revolutionist1710

sansculotte1790

revolutionary1795

revolutionizer1798

revolutioner1803

descamisado1821

radical1822

sansculottist1833

revolutionaire1835

red republican1848

redshirt1889

Bolshevik1926

Young Turk1948

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > communism > [noun] > adherent of

communist1850

red flagger1886

redshirt1889

red ragger1909

commie1928

red1928

Commo1941

society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > principles of or attachment to types of government > [noun] > anarchism > adherent of

anarchist1648

anarch1757

antarchist1845

rouge1849

antarchistic1877

redshirt1889

red1892

anarcho1894

misarchist1896

1889 A. C. Gunter That Frenchman! xi. 128 The red-shirts of Messieurs Rochefort and Fleurens are uttering their cries of rage at law and order.

1905 Daily Chron. 12 Sept. 3/2 Because I made a stand in my native town for municipal ownership of public utilities, I was branded a ‘red-shirt’, a ‘dynamiter’, and an ‘Anarchist’.

1934 T. S. Eliot Rock i. 42 Enter redshirts in military formation.

1940 G. Greene Power & Glory i. i. 13 You remember this place—before the Red Shirts came?

1992 Daily Mail (Nexis) 7 Feb. 10 If our reforms fail, then I tell you we can feel the breath of the brownshirts and redshirts on the back of our necks.

3. A member of a Pathan nationalist organization formed in the North-West Frontier Province of British India in the 1920s and lasting until the creation of Pakistan in 1947. Frequently attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > politics > politics in India and Far East > [noun] > Indian politics > specific association > member or adherent of

redshirt1930

Muslim Leaguer1940

1930 Times 20 May 15/1 A movable column has operated in..the Peshawar with good effect against the Red Shirt organization... The Red Shirt organization has been declared an unlawful association.

1948 G. Cunningham Diary in N. Mitchell Sir George Cunningham (1968) vii. 152 I could tell he felt he was on rather weak ground in talking about the Red Shirt activities by the twiddling of his bare toes.

1968 N. Mitchell Sir George Cunningham v. 87 He records a recruiting meeting at Swabi..on 11th February, and the fact that four notorious ex-Red Shirts had publicly given him purses towards any war fund purpose.

1997 Amer. Hist. Rev. 102 1216/1 He recounts a conversation he had in 1939 with Abdul Ghaffar Khan in his village, when the frontier leader told him why he had affiliated his Redshirt movement to the Congress.

4. U.S. Sport. A college athlete whose course is extended by a year during which he or she does not take part in university athletic competition, in order to extend his or her period of eligibility and develop skills and strength. Cf. redshirt v.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > at college or university

Oxford blue1842

Dark Blue1852

Light Blue1852

Cambridge blue1867

blue1870

colour1881

Orangeman1908

JV1922

redshirt1955

1955 Life 5 Dec. 144/2 Although he is what the pros call ‘redshirt’, a player with one more year of college eligibility, five pro clubs are eyeing him.

1970 Time 7 Dec. 78 He worked even harder in his sophomore year as a ‘redshirt’, practicing with the varsity but not playing in any games—so that he would have an additional year of eligibility.

1996 USA Today 15 Nov. c 9/5 As a redshirt, he watched but didn't play when the Wolverines whipped Washington 38–31 in Pasadena.

2005 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 1 Sept. c24/4 The redshirt freshman Drew Weatherford will start at quarterback for No. 14 Florida State in the season opener.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

redshirtv.

Brit.

/ˈrɛdʃəːt/, U.S.

/ˈrɛdˌʃərt/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., shirt v.

Etymology: < red adj. + shirt v., with reference to the red shirts customarily worn by such players during practices. Compare slightly later redshirt n. 4.

1. U.S. Sport.

a. intransitive. Of a college athlete: to extend one's course by a year during which one does not take part in university athletic competition, in order to extend the period of eligibility and develop skills and strength; to refrain from university competition for a year for these reasons.

ΚΠ

1950 Birmingham (Alabama) News 27 Sept. 35/1 He coached all the juniors and senior linemen and the boys red shirted.

1990 Ironman Oct. 116/2 By ‘redshirting’ in this way, he maintained another year of athletic eligibility even though he did not compete in any meets during this period.

1997 Indianapolis Star 5 June d1/5 ‘I definitely wanted to make a statement,’ said Woody, who red-shirted last year and was seventh in the Olympic Trials.

2005 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 28 Jan. iv. 7/4 (caption) Sophomore Brian Randle, out with a broken left hand, says he will redshirt this season.

b. transitive. To extend the course of (a college athlete) in this way. Frequently in passive.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > scouting or selecting > scout or select [verb (transitive)] > keep out of university competition

redshirt1950

1950 Birmingham (Alabama) News 19 Nov. c1/2 There are not enough players to have a ‘B’ squad or red shirt promising sophomores.

1966 Time 14 Oct. 49 They also are forbidden to ‘red-shirt’ prospects—putting them on a five-year program, keeping them out of action as sophomores in order to beef them up.

1989 Sports Illustr. 18 Dec. 66/3 The league allowed Sanders, a true junior who was never redshirted and had eligibility left, to escape probation-saddled Oklahoma State.

2007 Wall St. Jrnl. 23 Nov. (Weekend section) 9 At Kansas, he was redshirted his freshman year, but came in against Colorado and led his team to three touchdowns.

2. transitive. To delay (a child) starting formal schooling by one year, typically to allow further development of learning skills and emotional maturity. Also intransitive.The option is most often considered for children born in the summer months, who would otherwise be the youngest in their school year.

ΚΠ

1985 Educ. Week 16 Jan. 24 The widespread adoption of this concept of redshirting kindergartners and revising the grade structure remains unlikely.

2000 CBS News Transcripts (Nexis) 13 Mar. Many schools work with parents and encourage certain parents to redshirt their children.

2015 K. L. Dougan Kindergarten Redshirting viii. 78 A large percentage of parents make the decision to redshirt when the child is a baby.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	redshirt
释义	redshirtn. Brit. /ˈrɛdʃəːt/, U.S. /ˈrɛdˌʃərt/ Forms: also with capital initial(s). Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., shirt n. Etymology: < red adj. + shirt n. In sense 1 apparently after Italian camicia rossa, in same sense, transferred use of camicia rossa denoting such a shirt as worn by Garibaldi's supporters (both apparently 1860 or earlier). In sense 3 after Pashto surx poš in same sense, use as noun of surx-poš red-garmented, itself perhaps after Persian surx-poš in same sense (not recorded in dictionaries, but compare Persian siyah-poš black-clad). In sense 4, with reference to the red shirts usually worn by such athletes during practice; compare slightly earlier redshirt v. 1. A supporter of the Italian nationalist leader Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807–82), esp. one of the thousand who sailed with him in 1860 to conquer Sicily. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > Italian politics > [noun] > supporter of Garibaldi Garibaldian1860 redshirt1860 Garibaldist1863 Garibaldino1904 1860 Morning Chron. 25 May 6/3 It may have been that the red shirts or coats of some of the landing party misled the Neapolitans.] 1860 Times 27 June 10/1 Only the other day I saw one of our red shirts sitting on the parapet of the citadel. 1864 F. Young & W. B. B. Stevens Garibaldi lxxvi. 202 Some of them mended their lives when Garibaldi came, and fought well in the ranks of the Redshirts before Capua. 1948 F. Frenaye tr. C. Levi Christ stopped at Eboli xvii. 168 When King Franceschiello had to leave Naples.., Garibaldi and his Red Shirts set out to attack him. 2002 G. Euvino Compl. Idiot's Guide Ital. Hist. & Culture iv. xvii. 186 The tireless Garibaldi and his thousand Redshirts then crossed to the Italian mainland. 2. A revolutionary, anarchist, or communist. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > revolution > [noun] > revolutionary innovator1598 revolver1698 revolutionist1710 sansculotte1790 revolutionary1795 revolutionizer1798 revolutioner1803 descamisado1821 radical1822 sansculottist1833 revolutionaire1835 red republican1848 redshirt1889 Bolshevik1926 Young Turk1948 society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > communism > [noun] > adherent of communist1850 red flagger1886 redshirt1889 red ragger1909 commie1928 red1928 Commo1941 society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > principles of or attachment to types of government > [noun] > anarchism > adherent of anarchist1648 anarch1757 antarchist1845 rouge1849 antarchistic1877 redshirt1889 red1892 anarcho1894 misarchist1896 1889 A. C. Gunter That Frenchman! xi. 128 The red-shirts of Messieurs Rochefort and Fleurens are uttering their cries of rage at law and order. 1905 Daily Chron. 12 Sept. 3/2 Because I made a stand in my native town for municipal ownership of public utilities, I was branded a ‘red-shirt’, a ‘dynamiter’, and an ‘Anarchist’. 1934 T. S. Eliot Rock i. 42 Enter redshirts in military formation. 1940 G. Greene Power & Glory i. i. 13 You remember this place—before the Red Shirts came? 1992 Daily Mail (Nexis) 7 Feb. 10 If our reforms fail, then I tell you we can feel the breath of the brownshirts and redshirts on the back of our necks. 3. A member of a Pathan nationalist organization formed in the North-West Frontier Province of British India in the 1920s and lasting until the creation of Pakistan in 1947. Frequently attributive. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > politics > politics in India and Far East > [noun] > Indian politics > specific association > member or adherent of redshirt1930 Muslim Leaguer1940 1930 Times 20 May 15/1 A movable column has operated in..the Peshawar with good effect against the Red Shirt organization... The Red Shirt organization has been declared an unlawful association. 1948 G. Cunningham Diary in N. Mitchell Sir George Cunningham (1968) vii. 152 I could tell he felt he was on rather weak ground in talking about the Red Shirt activities by the twiddling of his bare toes. 1968 N. Mitchell Sir George Cunningham v. 87 He records a recruiting meeting at Swabi..on 11th February, and the fact that four notorious ex-Red Shirts had publicly given him purses towards any war fund purpose. 1997 Amer. Hist. Rev. 102 1216/1 He recounts a conversation he had in 1939 with Abdul Ghaffar Khan in his village, when the frontier leader told him why he had affiliated his Redshirt movement to the Congress. 4. U.S. Sport. A college athlete whose course is extended by a year during which he or she does not take part in university athletic competition, in order to extend his or her period of eligibility and develop skills and strength. Cf. redshirt v. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > player or sportsperson > [noun] > at college or university Oxford blue1842 Dark Blue1852 Light Blue1852 Cambridge blue1867 blue1870 colour1881 Orangeman1908 JV1922 redshirt1955 1955 Life 5 Dec. 144/2 Although he is what the pros call ‘redshirt’, a player with one more year of college eligibility, five pro clubs are eyeing him. 1970 Time 7 Dec. 78 He worked even harder in his sophomore year as a ‘redshirt’, practicing with the varsity but not playing in any games—so that he would have an additional year of eligibility. 1996 USA Today 15 Nov. c 9/5 As a redshirt, he watched but didn't play when the Wolverines whipped Washington 38–31 in Pasadena. 2005 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 1 Sept. c24/4 The redshirt freshman Drew Weatherford will start at quarterback for No. 14 Florida State in the season opener. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). redshirtv. Brit. /ˈrɛdʃəːt/, U.S. /ˈrɛdˌʃərt/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., shirt v. Etymology: < red adj. + shirt v., with reference to the red shirts customarily worn by such players during practices. Compare slightly later redshirt n. 4. 1. U.S. Sport. a. intransitive. Of a college athlete: to extend one's course by a year during which one does not take part in university athletic competition, in order to extend the period of eligibility and develop skills and strength; to refrain from university competition for a year for these reasons. ΚΠ 1950 Birmingham (Alabama) News 27 Sept. 35/1 He coached all the juniors and senior linemen and the boys red shirted. 1990 Ironman Oct. 116/2 By ‘redshirting’ in this way, he maintained another year of athletic eligibility even though he did not compete in any meets during this period. 1997 Indianapolis Star 5 June d1/5 ‘I definitely wanted to make a statement,’ said Woody, who red-shirted last year and was seventh in the Olympic Trials. 2005 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 28 Jan. iv. 7/4 (caption) Sophomore Brian Randle, out with a broken left hand, says he will redshirt this season. b. transitive. To extend the course of (a college athlete) in this way. Frequently in passive. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > scouting or selecting > scout or select [verb (transitive)] > keep out of university competition redshirt1950 1950 Birmingham (Alabama) News 19 Nov. c1/2 There are not enough players to have a ‘B’ squad or red shirt promising sophomores. 1966 Time 14 Oct. 49 They also are forbidden to ‘red-shirt’ prospects—putting them on a five-year program, keeping them out of action as sophomores in order to beef them up. 1989 Sports Illustr. 18 Dec. 66/3 The league allowed Sanders, a true junior who was never redshirted and had eligibility left, to escape probation-saddled Oklahoma State. 2007 Wall St. Jrnl. 23 Nov. (Weekend section) 9 At Kansas, he was redshirted his freshman year, but came in against Colorado and led his team to three touchdowns. 2. transitive. To delay (a child) starting formal schooling by one year, typically to allow further development of learning skills and emotional maturity. Also intransitive.The option is most often considered for children born in the summer months, who would otherwise be the youngest in their school year. ΚΠ 1985 Educ. Week 16 Jan. 24 The widespread adoption of this concept of redshirting kindergartners and revising the grade structure remains unlikely. 2000 CBS News Transcripts (Nexis) 13 Mar. Many schools work with parents and encourage certain parents to redshirt their children. 2015 K. L. Dougan Kindergarten Redshirting viii. 78 A large percentage of parents make the decision to redshirt when the child is a baby. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1860v.1950
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