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单词 adenylate
释义

adenylaten.

Brit. /əˈdɛnᵻleɪt/, U.S. /əˈdɛnəˌleɪt/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: adenyl n., -ate suffix1.
Etymology: < adenyl n. + -ate suffix1.
Biochemistry.
A salt or ester of adenylic acid.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [noun] > salts named by atomic number > other salts
salt of antimony1670
tungstate1800
aluminate1814
boletate1815
sylvate1836
ulmate1836
rhodizonate1838
stannate1839
opianate1845
gold salt1846
pentathionate1848
tetrathionate1848
stannite1851
taurocholate1857
brassate1863
otavite1906
adenylate1925
perrhenate1929
pertechnetate1949
pertechnate1951
1925 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 128 i. 1477 The following salts are described : brucine hydrogen guanylate, distrychnine guanylate, dibrucine adenylate, distrychnine adenylate [etc.].
1937 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 121 153 The white, powdery material..had the following composition, agreeing fairly well with that for barium adenylate.
1984 J. F. Lamb et al. Essent. Physiol. (ed. 2) iii. 56 (caption) A practically irreversible reaction catalysed by adenylate deaminase.
1999 W. R. Loewenstein Touchstone of Life x. 224 (caption) The cycle starts anew, and GTP is broken down to GDP and α leaves the adenylate in GTP-bound form.

Compounds

adenylate cyclase n. any of several enzymes that catalyse the formation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate from adenosine triphosphate.
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the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > nucleic acid > enzymes
galactase1898
cellulase1901
nuclease1902
xanthine oxidase1905
exoenzyme1908
glucosidase1909
galactase1910
nucleosidase1911
nucleotidase1911
adenosine deaminase1913
cellobiase1919
hydratase1922
activase1928
hexokinase1930
histaminase1930
kallikrein1930
Michaelis constant1930
cholinesterase1932
phosphodiesterase1932
chymotrypsin1933
glycosidase1933
rhodanese1933
acetylcholinesterase1937
prolidase1937
diaphorase1938
aconitase1939
hyaluronidase1940
transaminase1940
hydrase1943
isomerase1943
lactoperoxidase1943
streptokinase1944
pectinesterase1945
pectinmethylesterase1945
phosphokinase1946
alliinase1947
CoA1947
phosphotransferase1948
polymerase1948
transferase1948
elastase1949
amyloglucosidase1950
transacetylase1950
transhydrogenase1952
hydroxylase1953
kinase1953
transketolase1953
synthase1954
hexosaminidase1955
translocase1957
angiotensinase1958
angiotensin converting enzyme1960
photoenzyme1960
acetyltransferase1961
adenyl cyclase1961
adenylate cyclase1962
replicase1962
ADA1963
transcriptase1963
adenylyl cyclase1964
recombinase1964
laminarinase1966
nickase1967
acrosin1970
reverse transcriptase1970
cellobiohydrolase1972
cyclooxygenase1974
laminaranase1974
primase1977
helicase1978
monodeiodinase1978
transposase1979
maturase1980
1962 Jrnl. Allergy & Clin. Immunol. 69 151/1 Their modulation of adenylate cyclase may play an intricate part in the complex biochemistry of this important cell.
1983 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell xiii. 737 At least four different hormones activate adenylate cyclase in fat cells, and all of them stimulate the breakdown of triglyceride (the storage form of fat) to fatty acids.
1995 Trends Neurosci. 18 536/1 Following the cloning of the first adenylate cyclase in 1989..a Pandora's box of adenylate cyclases that were differently regulated and distributed was discovered.
2000 J. Mann Murder, Magic, & Med. (rev. ed.) iv. 240 Forskolin..produces these effects through activation of the enzyme adenylate cyclase, with consequent production of the intracellular second messenger cyclic AMP.
adenylate kinase n. an enzyme that catalyses the reversible reaction by which adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is converted to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP); abbreviated ADK.Also called myokinase.
ΚΠ
1951 S. P. Colowick in J. B. Sumner & K. Myrbäck Enzymes II. i. xlvi. 123 Kotelnikova..points out that the name ‘myokinase’ is hardly suitable for an enzyme which is so widely distributed and suggests the name ‘ADP-phosphomutase’. The author prefers the term ‘adenylate kinase’ for reasons mentioned earlier.
1988 L. Stryer Biochem. (ed. 3) xiii. 317 The enzyme adenylate kinase (also called myokinase) catalyzes the reaction: ATP + AMP ⇌ ADP + ADP.
2008 N. Draper & C. Hodgson Adventure Sport Physiol. vi. 208/2 The first reaction..is catalysed by the enzyme adenylate kinase (sometimes called myokinase or, when referring to the reaction in cells other than muscle tissue, AMP kinase).
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

adenylatev.

Brit. /əˈdɛnᵻleɪt/, U.S. /əˈdɛnəˌleɪt/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: adenyl n., -ate suffix3.
Etymology: < adenyl n. + -ate suffix3. Compare earlier adenylated adj.
Biochemistry.
transitive. To introduce an adenyl group into (a compound or molecule).
ΚΠ
1963 [implied in: B. Pullman & A. Pullman Quantum Biochem. ii. vii. 349 ATP may act either as a phosphorylating agent, a pyrophosphorylating agent or an adenylating agent. (at adenylating adj.)].
1970 Ann. Rep. Medicinal Chem., 1969 76 Mannosidostreptomycin..is not adenylated by a kinase capable of inactivating streptomycin.
1976 Arch. Biochem. & Biophysics 173 204/2 Some of the mRNA present in the zoospore was adenylated subsequent to germination.
2003 P. Régnier & P. E. Marujo in J. Lapointe & L. Brakier-Gingras Transl. Mechanisms xi. 185 Not only are stable, regulatory and messenger RNAs polyadenylated but most of them can be adenylated at many different sites.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1925v.1963
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