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单词 reck
释义

reckn.

Brit. /rɛk/, U.S. /rɛk/
Forms:

α. late Middle English recche.

β. 1500s reake, 1500s recke, 1500s– reck; Scottish pre-1700 rack, pre-1700 racke, pre-1700 raik, pre-1700 rak, pre-1700 reak, pre-1700 recke, pre-1700 rek, pre-1700 1700s–1800s reck, 1700s rake.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: reck v.
Etymology: < reck v. Compare Middle Dutch roeke , rouke (feminine), roec , rouc (masculine) (Dutch †roeke ), Middle Low German rōke , rūke (feminine), Old High German ruohha , ruahha (feminine), ruoh (masculine) (Middle High German ruoche (feminine), ruoch (masculine), German †Ruch ), all in sense ‘care, heed, attention’. Compare earlier reckless adj., reckless adv.
Now archaic and literary.
Care, heed, consideration. Cf. what reck phr.Chiefly in negative contexts.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > [noun]
yemec893
carefulnessa1000
getec1175
gomec1175
tenta1300
curec1300
keepa1325
diligence1340
heed1357
tentivenessa1382
observancec1390
businessa1398
reasona1398
attendancec1400
resporta1413
curiosityc1430
mindingc1449
reckc1475
respect1509
regardshipa1513
looking unto1525
peradvertencea1529
looking toa1535
solicitudea1535
looking after?1537
solicitudeness1547
care1548
solicitnessc1550
caring1556
heedfulness1561
solicitateness1562
hofulness1566
regard1573
charishness1587
on-waiting1590
heediness1596
take-heed1596
respectiveness1598
observationa1616
solicitousness1636
heeding1678
curiousness1690
solicitation1693
attention1741
craftsmanship1850
c1475 (c1445) R. Pecock Donet (1921) 95 (MED) It is crucifying aȝen þee, Jesus, for it is wiþoute recche, withoute fors, wiþoute compassioun.
a1525 A. Cadiou tr. A. Chartier Porteous Noblenes in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 180 It is na rek nor compt of his lyf that sawis nocht deligence.
1568 Newe Comedie Iacob & Esau i. ii. sig. A.ivv One that hath no recke ne care what way he walke.
1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits xv. 268 The vulgar make little reake thereof.
1798 C. Smith Young Philosopher III. iii. 79 I reckon she had disobliged her friends for this said love; and so they took no reck of her.
1846 H. Morford Rest of Don Juan 13/1 Onward..Went Juan and his rival, with a will, But little observation, and no reck, As they swept o'er an open field.
1866 H. C. Lea tr. Audefroid-le-Batard in Superstit. & Force (1878) i. 63 Your love [is] another's, and of mine, You have nor reck nor care.
1919 Jrnl. Biblical Lit. 38 6 American archaeology has indeed made important and striking historical contributions, this often without reck of criticism.
1996 Sunday Star-Times (Auckland, N.Z.) (Nexis) 1 Sept. 11 Lydiard was ungenerous because he took little reck of the difficulty paralysed athletes face in trying to reach world standards.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

reckv.

Brit. /rɛk/, U.S. /rɛk/
Forms: 1. Present stem. a. Infinitive

α. Old English recan (rare), Old English reccan, Old English reccean, early Middle English ræcche, Middle English recche, Middle English rechch, Middle English rechche, Middle English reche, Middle English recthe (perhaps transmission error), Middle English rehche, Middle English reiche, Middle English retche, Middle English reyche.

β. Middle English rakk (northern), Middle English recc, Middle English rekk, Middle English–1500s rek, Middle English–1500s rekke, Middle English–1600s recke, Middle English– reck, 1600s wreck, 1600s wrecke; English regional (northern) 1600s– rack, 1800s– rac, 1800s– rak; Scottish pre-1700 rack, pre-1700 1700s rak, pre-1700 1700s– reck, pre-1700 1800s rek.

γ. Middle English–1700s reke, 1500s–1600s reak, 1500s–1600s reake, 1500s–1600s wreake, 1600s wreak (English regional (Yorkshire)); Scottish pre-1700 rake, pre-1700 reick, pre-1700 reke, pre-1700 1800s raik.

b. Also 3rd singular present indicative

α. late Old English rechð, early Middle English reȝh, early Middle English rehþ.

β. early Middle English rechð, Middle English recchetz.

γ. Middle English rect, Middle English rek, Middle English rex; Scottish pre-1700 rax.

2. Past tense.

α. Old English–Middle English rohte, Middle English rochte, Middle English rofte, Middle English roghte, Middle English roȝt, Middle English roȝte, Middle English rogth, Middle English rohhte ( Ormulum), Middle English roht, Middle English roth, Middle English rotht, Middle English royȝt, Middle English–1500s roght; Scottish pre-1700 rocht.

β. Middle English rouȝhte, Middle English rouȝt, Middle English rouȝte, Middle English rouȝtte, Middle English rouht, Middle English rouhte, Middle English rouste, Middle English route, Middle English routȝ, Middle English routh, Middle English rowght, Middle English rowȝte, Middle English rowhte, Middle English rowt, Middle English rowth, Middle English–1600s rought, Middle English–1600s roughte; Scottish pre-1700 roucht, pre-1700 rought; N.E.D. (1904) also records a form late Middle English rough.

γ. Middle English raght, Middle English rauȝt, Middle English–1500s raughte, Middle English–1600s raught; Scottish pre-1700 racht.

δ. Middle English recched, Middle English rechhed, Middle English retched, Middle English retchyd.

ε. Middle English reckide, 1500s– recked, 1600s reckd; Scottish pre-1700 rakit, pre-1700 rakkit, pre-1700 rekit, 1800s– recked.

ζ. 1500s wreaked.

3. Past participle.

α. Middle English roght, Middle English rouȝt, Middle English rouht, Middle English rowth, Middle English–1500s rought, 1500s roughte, 1500s wrought; N.E.D. (1904) also records forms late Middle English raught, late Middle English roughte.

β. late Middle English reckd, late Middle English reckid, 1500s– recked.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Dutch ruoken to care, to be willing (Middle Dutch roeken , rōken , rūken , Dutch †roeken to care, to take heed, to pay attention to, to set store by, to be concerned about, to desire), Old Saxon rōkian (only in the compound forarōkian to excel; Middle Low German rōken , röken , rūken , rüken to care, to take heed, to pay attention to), Old High German ruohhen , ruahhen , rōhhen to care, to take heed, to pay attention to, to be concerned about, to strive for, to desire (Middle High German ruochen , also (with added prefix) geruochen in same senses, (with folk-etymological alteration after ruhen to rest: see ro v.) German geruhen to deign, condescend (to do something)), Old Icelandic rœkja to take care of, to heed, to have regard for, to be concerned about (Icelandic rækja , †rœkja ), Norwegian (Nynorsk) røkje , †røkja to care, to take heed, to be concerned about, (now only) to inquire, to search < the same Germanic base as the nouns cited at reck n., perhaps ultimately < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek ἀρωγή help, (with different ablaut grade) ἀρήγειν to help.The present-stem forms of the verb show i-mutation. The reason for the shortening of the vowel and the compensatory doubling of the consonant in the present stem of Old English reccan (in place of the expected rēcan , which is rare) is unclear (for further examples of this development see A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §287 and compare thirty adj. and n., witty adj.). Old English spellings such as reccean point to assibilation and affrication of the stem-final plosive; Middle English and later forms with medial -cc- , -cch- , -ch- , -tch- show the reflexes of Old English assibilated forms. By contrast, the Middle English and later forms with medial -ck- , -kk- (see Forms 1α), among them reck (the usual literary spelling since the early 17th cent.), lack assibilation; they perhaps derive from Old English forms of the 2nd and 3rd person singular present tense such as recst , recþ , where the consonant of the ending immediately followed the stem and prevented the assibilation of c (see A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §438), although it has alternatively been suggested that they might be due to Scandinavian influence. In Middle English and later, both forms with a short vowel (see Forms 1β) and with a long vowel (see Forms 1γ) are attested. Most of the latter apparently show the reflex of Middle English long open ē (to which early modern spellings with medial -ea- also point), which was generalized from inflected forms showing Middle English lengthening in open syllables, e.g. the reflexes of Old English recest and receþ , 2nd and 3rd person singular present tense forms (with retained unstressed -e- ) respectively. It is possible that some instances of the form reke may show or reflect Middle English long close ē , which would be the reflex of an Old English form with ē . The origin of the Middle English and subsequent present-stem forms with initial ra- (see Forms 1α, 1β) is unclear; perhaps compare similar forms at neck n.1 The Old English past tense rōhte regularly gave rise to the Middle English past tense forms with medial -o- (see Forms 2α) and medial -ou- , -ow- (see Forms 2β). The past tense forms with medial -a- , -au- (see Forms 2γ) probably result from association with reach v.1 (compare past tense forms at that entry) in Middle English. In Middle English and subsequently, new forms of the past tense and past participle are also found, with -ed suffixed to the present stem (see Forms 2δ–2ζ and 3β). On spellings with wr- compare discussion at R n.
From its earliest appearance in English, the verb is almost exclusively employed in negative or interrogative clauses. In the former the simple negative may be replaced by nought, nothing, little, not much, etc.; in the latter, the pronoun what is most usual. Now chiefly archaic and literary.
1. intransitive. With of. In Old and early Middle English also with genitive.
a. To take care or thought for or notice of something, along with inclination, desire, or favour towards it, interest in it, etc.; to think (much, etc.) of.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > attention > be attentive, pay attention to [verb (intransitive)]
lookeOE
reckOE
heedOE
turna1200
beseec1200
yeme?c1225
to care forc1230
hearkenc1230
tendc1330
tentc1330
hangc1340
rewarda1382
behold1382
convert1413
advertc1425
lotec1425
resortc1450
advertise1477
mark1526
regard1526
pass1548
anchor1557
eye1592
attend1678
mind1768
face1863
the mind > will > wish or inclination > be disposed or inclined to [verb (transitive)] > be favourably inclined to
reckOE
keep1297
to list ofa1300
to have, take a fancy for, to1465
lean1530
fantasy1548
to run upon ——1550
mind1648
to run to ——1809
whim1842
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > care or heed [verb (intransitive)] > care or reck
reckOE
force1471
regardc1540
pass1548
skill1821
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xv. 303 He ne rohte þæs eorðlican reafes syððan he of deaðe aras.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1123 On þa ilca tyma ferden þes eorles sandermen mid unsæhte fram kyng, na of his gyfe naht ne rohton.
lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Bodl.) xxv. 57 Þeah heora lareowas him [sc. wudufuglas] þonne biodan þa ilcan mettas þe hi ær tame mid gewenedon, ðonne ne reccað hi þara metta.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 8510 Ne recche ich noht his londes, his seoluer no his goldes.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 1404 (MED) Þe gost..lutel rehþ of milce & ore.
?a1300 Fox & Wolf 228 in G. H. McKnight Middle Eng. Humorous Tales (1913) 34 (MED) Nou ich am in clene liue Ne recche ich of childe ne of wiue.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 463 Ȝe..seieþ þat God reicheþ nouȝt of mankynde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 15776 ‘Iudas, quilum was,’ he said, ‘þat mikel o þe i roght.’
a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 7818 (MED) Þe aungel þat haþ him in kepyng Rekkeþ of him þan no thing.
c1480 (a1400) St. Cecilia 394 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 379 A murtherere..þat racht noþire of mensk na honoure.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 46 Ye retche not of brede, of flesshe, ne suche maner mete.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. July 34 Syker, thous but a laesie loord, And rekes much of thy swinck [gloss counts much of thy paynes].
1614 J. Davies in W. Browne Shepheards Pipe sig. G4 But now ne recke they of soot carrolling.
c1616 R. C. Times' Whistle (1871) v. 1928 He would not wrecke Of all celestiall ioyes.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake iv. 170 What from a prince can I demand, Who neither reck of state nor land?
a1845 R. H. Barham Jarvis's Wig in Ingoldsby Legends (1847) 3rd Ser. 318 Little recked he of flowers—save cauliflowers.
1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid v, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 239 Of gifts I reck but lightly.
1917 V. D. Scudder Le Morte Darthur of Sir Thomas Mallory & its Sources i. ii. 17 He [sc. Arthur] recks not of past dignities and is as rude and hearty a host as any old Welshman.
1962 S. E. Finer Man on Horseback (1969) ii. 8 The army is too big a machine to reck of individuals, and the soldier becomes a number.
2005 J. R. Smith San Francisco's Lost Landmarks (2006) i. 25 The..purple lupine blossoms are gone forever..having given way to the homes of other dwellers who little reck of the romance of the reincarnated Pilgrim Fathers.
b. To take notice of or be concerned about something, so as to be alarmed or troubled by it, or so as to modify one's behaviour or purposes on account of it.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > anxiety > be anxious [verb (intransitive)] > be concerned
reckOE
concernc1592
OE Crist III 1440 Ðonne ic fore folce onfeng feonda geniðlan, fylgdon me mid firenum, fæhþe ne rohtun, ond mid sweopum slogun.
OE Beowulf (2008) 434 Se æglæca for his wonhydum wæpna ne recceð.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 16165 Nan mann ne þurrfte off himm Ne nimenn gom. ne rekkenn.
a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) 133 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 167 Moni mon seit hwa rechð [v.rr. recke, recþ, reche, reȝh, rekþ] of pine þe scal habben ende, ‘Ne bidde ich na bet bo alesed a domes dei of bende?’
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 533 (MED) Of none wintere ich ne recche.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 4419 So gret was is herte þat of deþ he ne roȝte no þing.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) viii. 559 (MED) Of whos lawe for thou dist nat rechche, Thou deiest in prisoun.
c1480 (a1400) St. Agatha 154 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 362 Do one as þu has thocht, for of þi panys rak I nocht.
a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 68 If trouþe delyuere þe, þou shalt..not recche of mennes veyn wordes.
1578 T. Proctor Gorgious Gallery sig. Jii A Conscience pure..That..Of slaunders lothsome reketh not.
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Dec. 29 What wreaked I of wintrye ages waste.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ii. 50 Of God, or Hell, or worse He reckd not. View more context for this quotation
1775 R. B. Sheridan Songs Duenna iii. 14 Then it was, old father Care, Little reck'd I of thy frown.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake v. 213 He..Received, but reck'd not of a wound.
1876 W. Black Madcap Violet v. 47 What recked she of the mad course she was pursuing.
1924 A. D. H. Smith Porto Bello Gold ix. 119 But men, and especially seamen, reck little of an evil past if land be usefully available for their needs.
1954 R. Sutcliff Eagle of Ninth i. 10 They can preach holy war, and that is ever the most deadly kind, for it recks nothing of consequences.
1996 F. Whigham Seizures of Will in Early Mod. Eng. Drama i. 35 She will not accept the inscription of her identity,..recking nothing of models of tightness that might subject her.
c. To know about, to be aware of. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > know, be aware of [verb (intransitive)]
wit971
knowlOE
to be aware (of, that)a1250
wota1300
be (well) warec1325
to know of ——c1390
not to seek1569
to know for ——1576
to know on ——1608
to have cognizance of1635
reck1764
to be (or get) wise to1896
1764 J. Grainger Sugar-cane i. 39 Far from the muse be such inhuman thoughts; Far better recks she of the woodland tribes, Earth's eldest birth, and earth's best ornament.
1814 Ld. Byron Corsair iii. v. 71 Ah! little reck'd that chief of womanhood—Which frowns ne'er quell'd, nor menaces subdued.
1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi II. iv. i. 92 I shall have done (if this last) better for my charge than I recked of.
1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. ii. v. 208 Little recked Mr. Podsnap of the traps and toils besetting his Young Person.
1905 J. B. Bury Life St. Patrick ii. 22 And so Maximus crossed the Channel... His own safety was at stake; he recked not of the safety of the province.
1935 Philos. Rev. 44 152 The united proletariate, the armed Fascists, the organized property-holding class with virtual control over government—what reck they of liberal ideas?
2.
a. intransitive. To care, heed, mind. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > reporting > report [verb (transitive)]
i-telle971
reckOE
tella1382
brevea1400
reportc1450
recount1477
reapport1486
refera1500
renowna1500
relate1530
informa1533
recommend1533
reaccount1561
re-report1599
yielda1616
delatea1639
narrate1656
bulletin1838
OE Ælfric De Temporibus Anni (Cambr. Gg.3.28) iv. §54. 40 Hi habbað þurh þæt cornes swa fela swa hi mæst reccað.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 8074 To þan castle heo brohten swa muchel swa heo rohten.
a1325 (?c1300) Northern Passion (Cambr. Gg.1.1) 522 (MED) Ha didin of him so þai ne roth.
c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. vii. l. 112 (MED) Þeiȝ ȝe deiȝe for doel, þe deuil haue þat recche [?c1450 Morgan rekkyth, a1500 Trin. Dublin rakys]!
c1450 (a1400) Chevalere Assigne 177 in W. H. French & C. B. Hale Middle Eng. Metrical Romances (1930) 865 She rawȝte hit hym aȝeyne and seyde she ne rowȝte.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 198/2 There were many fayr myracles whyche by neglygence..and not retchyng were not wryton.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Richard III f. xxxiv In faith quod he, I neither wote ne recke, so I were once hence.
a1591 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 485 Who little recks, much good foregoes.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 173 Revenge..back on it self recoiles; Let it; I reck not. View more context for this quotation
1683 G. Meriton York-shire Dialogue in Pure Nat. Dial. 661 Better's a comming; pray thee, do not wreak [rhyme break].
1746 W. Thompson Hymn to May xxx. 18 Who hears them cry, ne recks.
1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. xi. 97 The eternal father reck'd not.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby iii. 118 I reck not. In a war to strive,..Suits ill my mood.
a1889 G. M. Hopkins Sel. Poems (2002) 45 Little I reck ho! lacklevel in, if all had bread: What!
1918 Classical Jrnl. 13 550 The predecessor [i.e. preceding poet] might raise some slight objection against the free use of borrowed plumage but he recked little provided the plumage was appropriate.
b. intransitive. To care for; (formerly also) †to set store or account by (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (intransitive)] > attach importance to
reckOE
to make (do, give, take, have, let, kythe, set) force1303
chargea1425
to think (it) much1548
reckon1576
OE West Saxon Gospels: Mark (Corpus Cambr.) xii. 14 We witon þæt..þu ne recst [L. curas] be ænegum menn.
c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 1393 Alle his riche eorles..nolde for þan kinges bode noþing reche.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos v. 21 The wymmen..were to fore the sayd aulter..wythoute retchynge ought by theym selfe.
a1525 Bk. Chess 127 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I Bot nocht I rek for this in myne entent So that I de for iustice innocent.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 681/1 He is the moste neglygent folowe that ever I sawe, he recketh for nothynge.
1796 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum V. 427 Louis what reck I by thee, Or Geordie on his ocean.
1853 C. Kingsley Hypatia II. x. 239 [The gods] recked nothing for the weal or woe of earth.
1855 Putnam's Monthly Mag. May 502/2 Thriftless and extravagant to a degree, the prelate little recked by what means he procured the funds to gratify his present pleasures.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxiv. 68 Not for silky tiara nor amice gustily floating Recks she at all any more.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiii. [Nausicaa] 334 Little recked he perhaps for what she felt, that dull aching void in her heart sometimes, piercing her to the core.
1979 D. Harney Diary 3 Jan. in Priest & King (1998) 140 People seem to reck little for their comfort or even livelihood.
2006 A. J. Turner & B. J. Muir tr. Eadmer in Eadmer of Canterbury 225 Oswald recked nought for the fatuous praise of these men.
†c. intransitive. To think or have pity on; to be troubled or distressed at. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1500 (?a1437) Kingis Quair (1939) xxvii (MED) Was non that myght, that on my peynes rought.
1566 T. Drant Wailyngs Hieremiah in tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Kvi v And lende his cheeke vnto the stroke, Nor recke at wordes of spite.
1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 131 Ane, we raught on meanely.
3.
a. transitive. With clause as object. To care, be troubled, or be concerned that, whether, what, etc.
ΚΠ
eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xviii. 44 Ge ne reccað ðeah [hweðer ge a]uht to gode don.
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark iv. 38 Magister non ad te pertinet quia perimus : laruu ne to ðe byreð forðon uel þæt we sie dead uel ne reces ðu þæt [OE Rushw. ðah] we deado sie.
OE Ælfric's Colloquy (1991) 18 Quid curamus quid loquamur : hwæt rece we hwæt we sprecan.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1086 Se cyng..ne rohte na hu swiðe synlice þa gerefan hit begeatan of earme mannon.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 9003 Ne þurfen ȝe nauere rehchen þah ȝe slæn þa wrecchen.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 427 (MED) Ne roȝte he þeȝ flockes were Imeind bi toppes & bi here.
a1325 St. Juliana (Corpus Cambr.) 19 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 63 (MED) Cristen womman ich am iwis, ine recche wo it wite.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5446 (MED) Nou rek [Fairf. rekk, Gött. recc] i neuer quen i dei.
1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. kiijv/1 I retche not though he be put to deth.
1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 530/1 As though he roughte not whether they dydde good or ill.
c1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxxvii. 69 Rek not..how raschelie ravarris raill.
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. vi. 26 I wreake not though I end my life to day.
1641 J. Milton Animadversions 5 They wreck not whether you..know them or not.
1797 T. Park Sonnets 14 They little reck what wintry storms are near, How oft the buoyant surge conceals a grave.
1799 W. Scott tr. J. W. von Goethe Goetz of Berlichingen ii. 74 I am so agonised at reflecting on what I am, that I little reck what the world thinks me.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby i. 30 Whether false the news, or true, Oswald, I reck as light as you.
1872 J. S. Blackie Lays of Highlands 79 Little reck they, how the storm may bray.
1904 Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. 19 176 There is nothing for him but enduring dole. He recks not what happens.
1935 C. Day Lewis in Compl. Poems (1992) 197 Some set out to explore earth's limit, and little they recked if Never their feet came near it.
1999 M. Gutwirth in K. Szmurlo Novel's Seductions 31 Into the breach caused by the abolition of the forms of faith, the Revolution, without recking what it did, threw goddess worship.
b. transitive. To heed, regard, or care for (something); to concern oneself with, be troubled by, take notice of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > take care about [verb (transitive)]
lookeOE
heeda1225
recka1225
intendc1374
curec1384
observec1390
fandc1425
to see unto ——a1470
wake1525
regard1526
tend1549
study1557
foresee1565
beware1566
to have the care of1579
reckon1622
mind1740
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 37 (MED) Ne reccheð crist nane leasunge, ne him nis na neoð.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) 14397 Mucchel scome heon [read heom] þuhte þat wepmen heom ne rohte.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) Exod. ix. 21 He, forsoþ, þat rouȝte not [a1425 L.V. dispiside; L. neglexit] þe word of þe lord lafte his seruauntis & beestis in þe feeldis.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 182 (MED) If thei be not remembrid, thei schulen not be reckd.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid xiii. v. 81 O haitfull deid..Quhilk gret and small doun thringis, and nane rakkis.
1591 R. Wilmot Tancred & Gismund iv. iii. sig. F Not that she recks this life.
1592 R. Johnson Nine Worthies sig. F1 He layde him downe like one that wreaked no guerdon to this grace.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet sig. C7v Himselfe..reakes not his owne reade. View more context for this quotation
1637 G. Daniel Genius of Isle 631 Eagles doe not recke the Wren's weake flight.
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V cclxvi, in Poems (1878) IV. 167 Forraging Bees..Not recking course-spun Thistles.
1726 J. Thomson Winter 6 Much he talks, And much he laughs, nor recks the Storm that blows Without, and rattles on his humble Roof.
1786 R. Burns Poems 180 May ye better reck the rede, Than ever did th' Adviser!
1839 T. Keightley Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. 102 He was so stern, that he recked not all their hatred.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems xlv. 22 Septimius..Recks not Syria, recks not any Britain.
1904 L. H. Gray tr. in Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 25 218 Nārāyana, thou Self-Existent Soul, If thou art mine, I reck no gods besides.
1930 Musical Q. 16 499 Little he recked those lower elements of morality.
1991 R. Mistry Such Long Journey (1992) 312 Their petitions and letters of complaint had been ignored long enough. Now the officials would have to reck the rod of the janata.
†c. transitive. With complement. To regard or consider (a person, also occasionally a thing); to reckon. In later use Scottish. Also with in. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > evaluation, estimation, appraisal > appraise, estimate [verb (transitive)] > consider to be, account as
telleOE
talec897
seeOE
letc1000
holdc1200
reckon1340
aima1382
accounta1387
counta1387
judgec1390
takea1400
countc1400
receivec1400
existimatec1430
to look on ——?c1430
makec1440
reputea1449
suppose1474
treatc1485
determinea1513
recount?c1525
esteem1526
believe1533
estimate?1533
ascribe1535
consider1539
regard1547
count1553
to look upon ——1553
take1561
reck1567
eye?1593
censure1597
subscribe1600
perhibit1613
behold1642
resent1642
attributea1657
fancy1662
vogue1675
decount1762
to put down1788
to set down1798
rate1854
have1867
mean1878
1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. f. 138 My griefe is one; or when thou linckest with An other wight, or feelste tormenting tene, I wote not which I recke the worst of both.
1599 T. Moffett Silkewormes 52 Which kings themselues in highest prize do reake.
1639 G. Daniel Ecclus. xiii. 6 Doe not recke Thy selfe the wiser, to b' Associate With those who are beyond thee in Estate.
1791 J. Learmont Poems Pastoral 114 I ne'er thought..[she] Coud e'er harbour a thought o' distrust Or reck her shepherd unkind.
1892 J. Lumsden Sheep-head & Trotters 91 Ye wha reck our Scottish name Fit wi' the warld's first to ally.
4. transitive. With infinitive as object.
a. To desire, be willing, or be anxious (to do something). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > be willing [verb (intransitive)]
willeOE
reckeOE
to make no courtesy1542
sussy1567
fadge1592
brook1604
to make no knobs1677
to go out of one's way (to do something)1680
eOE Laws of Ælfred (Corpus Cambr. 173) Introd. xl. 40 Leases monnes word ne rec ðu no þæs to gehieranne.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 4067 Þatt illke mann..Þatt ummbeshorenn onn hiss shapp. Ne reckeþþ nohht to wurrþenn..Forrdoþ hiss aȝhenn sawle.
a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) 221 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 173 (MED) Neure in helle hi com, ne þer ne come reche.
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1387 I recche nat..To haue victorie of hem, or they of me.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 6556 (MED) In þe chapiter twenty and sex he may se, to knawe wha rex.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) xliii. 83 Tancre his neuew..retched not for to see Themperour ne to speke to hym.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. iv. 80 My master..little wreakes to finde the way to heauen By doing deeds of hospitalitie. View more context for this quotation
1834 R. W. Evans Script. Biogr. 322 The church of God came before him, and he knew it not, neither recked to know.
1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets iii. 72 Old eyes forlorn Scarce reck the very sunshine to behold.
1920 M. Beerbohm And Even Now 136 I came across many a rich man who..was ‘of churlish disposition’ and little recked ‘to find the way to heaven by doing deeds of hospitality.’
†b. To be reluctant, unwilling, or concerned (to do something); to object to; to feel aversion or repugnance towards. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > hatred > loathing or detestation > loathe or abhor [verb (intransitive)]
wlatec1000
reckc1300
loathec1430
to shrink up (occasionally in) one's shoulders1605
nauseate1657
the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > be unwilling [verb (intransitive)]
nillOE
loathea1200
to make it tough1297
forthinka1300
reckc1300
ruea1400
to make (it) strangec1405
to make strangenessc1407
stick1418
resistc1425
to make (it) strange?1456
steek1478
tarrowc1480
doubt1483
sunyie1488
to make (it) nice1530
stay1533
shentc1540
to make courtesy (at)1542
to make it scrupulous1548
to think (it) much1548
to make dainty of (anything)1555
to lie aback1560
stand1563
steek1573
to hang back1581
erch1584
to make doubt1586
to hang the groin1587
to make scruple (also a, no, etc., scruple)1589
yearn1597
to hang the winga1601
to make squeamish1611
smay1632
bogglea1638
to hang off1641
waver1643
reluct1648
shy1650
reluctate1655
stickle1656
scruple1660
to make boggle1667
revere1689
begrudge1690
to have scruples1719
stopc1738
bitch1777
reprobate1779
crane1823
disincline1885
c1300 Life & Martyrdom Thomas Becket (Harl. 2277) (1845) l. 405 (MED) Lute hi wolde recche to loose here ordre so.
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 540 In hir presence I recche nat to sterue.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. 832 (MED) Ye rechch nat be synne To sle your soule.
1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. ljv/2 The cristen men..raught not for to deye for þe crysten fayth.
a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xxi. 13 Thai roght na mare to sla me than to spill watere.
1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Aij The Tauerner that falsethe othes and litle reckes to lye.
1610 J. Boys Expos. Domin. Epist. in Wks. (1629) 507 Schismatikes..reake not to be condemned of the learned for ignorant; so they may be commended of the ignorant for learned.
5. impersonal and (in later use) with non-referential it as subject.
†a. transitive (in early use intransitive with indirect object). To concern, trouble, or worry; to matter to; to interest. Cf. what reck phr. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (intransitive)]
reckeOE
recka1250
attainc1374
beforcec1375
pertaina1382
concern1477
import1539
signifya1616
to trench into (unto)1621
to bear (a) (great) state1623
urge1654
relate1655
bulk1672
refer1677
argufy1751
to be no small drinka1774
tell1779
reckon1811
to count for (much, little, nothing, etc.)1857
to stand for something (or nothing)1863
shout1876
count1885
mind1915
rate1926
eOE Metres of Boethius (partly from transcript of damaged MS) xiii. 45 Him [sc. wudufuglas] þa twigu þincað emne swa merge þæt hi þæs metes ne recð.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 83 Ȝef habeoð nech...& þach habeon feor naut i ne reche.
c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 449 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 119 (MED) Luyte heom wolde rechche to leosen heore ordre so.
1372 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 85 Ȝef þei weren kende to louen me outh, Of al my peine me ne routh.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1834 (MED) Littel roght þam of his manance.
c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 605 Hym roughte nat in armys for to sterve In the diffens of hyre.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 5 (MED) Now, therof a leke what rekys vs?
1599 George a Greene sig. E3 What wreakes it vs though George a Greene be stoute.
1637 J. Milton Comus 14 Of night, or lonelynesse it recks me not.
1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 23 in Justa Edouardo King What recks it them? what need they?
1771 W. H. Roberts Poet. Ess. i. 22 It recks not him That torn with hooks of steel his mangled flesh Pours streams of blood.
1846 Hood's Mag. Feb. 121 That it was poor, and even low, it recked him not.
1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. ii. 7 Little it recked us and helped them less, that they were our founder's citizens.
b. intransitive. To matter; to be of importance or interest. Also with dependent clause. Cf. what reck phr. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [verb (intransitive)]
reckeOE
recka1250
attainc1374
beforcec1375
pertaina1382
concern1477
import1539
signifya1616
to trench into (unto)1621
to bear (a) (great) state1623
urge1654
relate1655
bulk1672
refer1677
argufy1751
to be no small drinka1774
tell1779
reckon1811
to count for (much, little, nothing, etc.)1857
to stand for something (or nothing)1863
shout1876
count1885
mind1915
rate1926
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 83 Ȝe schulen lihtliche iseon hu lutel hit reccheð.
?c1425 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr. Ii.3.21) (1886) ii. pr. iii. l. 18 What weenestow dar recke [L. quid igitur referre putas], yif thow forlete hyr in deyinge.
?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 102 It Rakkes, refert.
a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Biv Craft, or manhod, with foes what reckes it which?
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. xiv. sig. Y4 It recks not much what they do to thee, so it be in secreat.
c1600 A. Montgomerie Poems (2000) I. 57 Quhat reks then of the reid Or of the trees vhat reks?
1628 Z. Boyd Last Battell Soule ii. 91 What reckes of an inch of time heere on Earth, in respect of eternitie in Heauen?
a1771 T. Gray tr. Dante in Wks. (1884) I. 158 It rekes not That I advise thee.
a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1785) 192 What recks tho' ye ken mood and tense?
1798 S. Henshall Specimens & Parts i. 15 Under the Saxon or Norman princes it recked little by what claim or title an estate was held by an inferior tenant.
1825 W. Scott Talisman iii, in Tales Crusaders III. 72 ‘But what recks it!’ said stout Sir Kenneth.
1899 Ld. Salisbury Let. 30 Aug. in Ld. Newton Ld. Lansdowne (1929) v. 157 His view [sc. Milner's] is too heated... But it recks little to think of that now.
1918 H. T. M. Bell Poet. Pictures Great War ii. Never before Have I read such a Book, At such a time little it recks In what I read, or look.
1925 M. E. J. Pitt Poems 63 What recks it God is in His Heaven So men make war?
1975 Irish University Rev. Spring 38 We say ‘We've had it’ ‘Who can win’ ‘Lost on both sides’ We soothe sour selves with ‘What recks it’.
†6. transitive (reflexive). To trouble or concern oneself. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > care [verb (reflexive)]
reckc1330
to concern oneself with1634
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) 593 (MED) Henne forward ne reche y me Of mi liif.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xi. 33 ‘Ȝee, recche þe neuere,’ quod recchelesnes.
a1450 (?a1349) in H. E. Allen Eng. Writings R. Rolle (1931) 52 (MED) Of ryches rek þe noght.
1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. i. 2 Retche the not what they saye.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 93 (MED) Of that ne recche the nothinge for to enquere.
1673 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 38 Never Rack you; i.e. Take you no thought or care.

Derivatives

ˈrecking n. rare
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > meaning > explanation, exposition > interpretation > [noun]
interpretation1382
reckingc1450
explication1537
interpretament1645
outmaking1669
rede1871
read1974
c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 108 (MED) J make him putte al in neuere recchinge and al suffre to perishe.
a1500 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi (Trin. Dublin) (1893) 105 (MED) Of recching neuere [L. De neglectu] of all creatures so þe creatour mowe be founde.
1668 J. Worthington Let. in Diary & Corr. (1886) II. ii. 280 I thought there would be more recking at some theologicall documents in the 2 last, which were first.
1885 R. F. Burton tr. Arabian Nights' Entertainm. I. xx. 201 One and all replied, ‘Right is thy recking’.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.c1475v.eOE
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