biguaniden.

Brit.

/bʌɪˈɡwɑːnʌɪd/, U.S.

/baɪˈɡwɑnaɪd/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: bi- comb. form, guanidine n., -ide suffix.

Etymology: < bi- comb. form + guan- (in guanidine n.) + -ide suffix, after German Biguanid (B. Rathke 1878, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 11 968).

Chemistry.

1. A colourless crystalline compound which is a condensation product of two guanidine molecules with the loss of a molecule of ammonia; guanylguanidine. Cf. diguanide n. a.Formula: NH[C(NH)NH₂]₂.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > other organic compounds

xanthide1823

idrialin1838

barégin1863

violantin1866

biguanide1881

turmerol1890

tetrazole1892

oxazolone1899

indanthrene1901

silicone1906

platinum blue1908

hydroxycitronellal1929

haloform1931

octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane1946

organo-siloxane1946

chlorofluorocarbon1947

permethrin1975

CFC1976

1881 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 40 896 By the action of an ammoniacal solution of cupric oxide on dicyandiamide, biguanide is produced.

1934 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 20 224 Biguanide and guanidine are simple ammono-carbonic acids, behaving in liquid ammonia as acids and yielding well-defined salts.

2007 Polyhedron 26 415/2 These ligands..are structurally related to biguanide.

2. Any compound derived from biguanide by replacement of hydrogen atoms by other atoms or groups; esp. any of certain compounds used in the treatment of diseases such as malaria and diabetes, and as disinfectants. Frequently attributive. Cf. diguanide n. b.

ΚΠ

1945 Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasitol. 39 212 At the time of writing optimum activity is associated with biguanides carrying isopropyl substituents.

1946 Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. 40 107 The brilliant researches of Curd, Davey and Rose..culminated in the synthesis of the biguanides M.4330 and M.4888 (paludrine).

1960 Diabetes 9 227/1 Phenformin is a biguanide which..has a blood-sugar-lowering effect in certain diabetic patients.

1977 Lancet 22 Jan. 191/2 Metformin is replacing phenformin as the biguanide of choice in the treatment of obese maturity-onset diabetics.

1993 Internat. Jrnl. Food Sci. & Nutrition 43 206/1 One subject was on combined sulphonylurea plus biguanide therapy.

2001 Titusville (Pa.) Herald 31 Mar. 27/2 (advt.) The sanitization system is based on the same biguanide technology that's been used in swimming pools for 25 years.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	biguanide
释义	biguaniden. Brit. /bʌɪˈɡwɑːnʌɪd/, U.S. /baɪˈɡwɑnaɪd/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: bi- comb. form, guanidine n., -ide suffix. Etymology: < bi- comb. form + guan- (in guanidine n.) + -ide suffix, after German Biguanid (B. Rathke 1878, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 11 968). Chemistry. 1. A colourless crystalline compound which is a condensation product of two guanidine molecules with the loss of a molecule of ammonia; guanylguanidine. Cf. diguanide n. a.Formula: NH[C(NH)NH₂]₂. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > other organic compounds xanthide1823 idrialin1838 barégin1863 violantin1866 biguanide1881 turmerol1890 tetrazole1892 oxazolone1899 indanthrene1901 silicone1906 platinum blue1908 hydroxycitronellal1929 haloform1931 octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane1946 organo-siloxane1946 chlorofluorocarbon1947 permethrin1975 CFC1976 1881 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 40 896 By the action of an ammoniacal solution of cupric oxide on dicyandiamide, biguanide is produced. 1934 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 20 224 Biguanide and guanidine are simple ammono-carbonic acids, behaving in liquid ammonia as acids and yielding well-defined salts. 2007 Polyhedron 26 415/2 These ligands..are structurally related to biguanide. 2. Any compound derived from biguanide by replacement of hydrogen atoms by other atoms or groups; esp. any of certain compounds used in the treatment of diseases such as malaria and diabetes, and as disinfectants. Frequently attributive. Cf. diguanide n. b. ΚΠ 1945 Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasitol. 39 212 At the time of writing optimum activity is associated with biguanides carrying isopropyl substituents. 1946 Trans. Royal Soc. Trop. Med. 40 107 The brilliant researches of Curd, Davey and Rose..culminated in the synthesis of the biguanides M.4330 and M.4888 (paludrine). 1960 Diabetes 9 227/1 Phenformin is a biguanide which..has a blood-sugar-lowering effect in certain diabetic patients. 1977 Lancet 22 Jan. 191/2 Metformin is replacing phenformin as the biguanide of choice in the treatment of obese maturity-onset diabetics. 1993 Internat. Jrnl. Food Sci. & Nutrition 43 206/1 One subject was on combined sulphonylurea plus biguanide therapy. 2001 Titusville (Pa.) Herald 31 Mar. 27/2 (advt.) The sanitization system is based on the same biguanide technology that's been used in swimming pools for 25 years. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1881
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