red-topadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈrɛdˌtɒp/, U.S.

/ˈˌrɛdˈtɑp/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., top n.¹

Etymology: < red adj. + top n.¹ Compare slightly earlier red-topped adj.In senses A. 4 and B. 3 with allusion to the red background on which the titles of certain British newspapers are printed.

A. adj. (attributive).

1. Of a plant or plant part: having a red (or purple) top; esp. in red-top grass (= sense B. 1). Cf. red-topped adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > appearance of plant > plant defined by colour or marking > [adjective] > having particular type marking or colouring

streaked1600

marbled1629

muscadine1646

agated1665

silver-cupped1688

red-top1705

tessellated1723

lineate1777

fancy1793

red-tipped1800

areolated1802

white-lipped1813

variegated1818

pennaceous1819

streak-flowered1822

limbate1826

unbroken1829

sanguine-heart1840

rivulose1843

pencilled1846

areolate1847

notate1857

sigillate1858

discolor1859

discolorous1860

fumose1866

fumous1866

tricolour1866

unnetted1869

1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia iv. xvii. 56 It was formerly said of the Red-top Turnip, that..it degenerated into Rape.

1741 Family Mag. 146/1 Milder antiscorbutick Specificks. Male southernwood,..red-top cabbage.

1790 S. Deane New-Eng. Farmer 115/1 The red top grass is so natural to every soil in this country, that all our old fields..are full of it.

1884 Harper's Mag. July 247/1 They began with red-top clover.

1901 G. W. James Indian Basketry xii. 203 The volutes are formed by the stem of red-top grass and of a round-topped variety of the ‘chenopodium’.

1972 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 9 Mar. 5/3 The birds [sc. prairie chickens] would survive when redtop grass was raised, since it was combined in midsummer.

2005 Jrnl. Lab. & Clin. Med. 145 264/2 Atopic status was assessed by means of skin-prick testing for..grass-pollen mix (Kentucky, orchard, red-top timothy).

2. Of relating to red-top grass; made from red-top grass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [adjective] > of particular type

bluegrass1772

benty1807

spinifex1846

red-top1852

1852 Trans. Michigan Agric. Soc. 3 198 I sow clover and timothy and some red-top seed on low lands.

1884 Rep. Comm. Agric. 233 The ergot of the red-top hay in Missouri and Illinois produced identical effects with that in the wild rye of Kansas.

1907 L. H. Bailey Cycl. Amer. Agric. II. 445/1 The quantity of red-top seed used in mixtures with other grasses varies widely.

1947 M. Moore & E. M. Gildow Developing Profitable Dairy Herd xiv. 142 In case inferior roughage such as timothy or red-top hay..is used, the concentrate allowance should be somewhat heavier.

1999 Clin. & Exper. Allergy 29 66/2 [Patient] #16 was also allergic to Red Top pollen, fungi mix and wool.

3. Medicine. Designating an evacuated test tube with a red stopper, used for the collection of blood without additives (such as heparin, EDTA, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other medical equipment > [adjective] > receiving vessel

Vacutainer1973

red-top1977

1977 Clin. Immunol. & Immunopathol. 8 406 10 ml of each type of blood were transferred into red-top Vacutainers.

1987 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 9 439 The new formulation of ‘red-top’ Vacutainer may be used reliably in lidocaine therapeutic drug monitoring.

2006 Jrnl. Pharmaceut. & Biomed. Anal. 42 557/1 Red top (no additives) vacuum tubes..were ordered.

4. British. Of or relating to a tabloid newspaper.

ΚΠ

1996 Guardian 19 Aug. (G2 section) 17 (caption) They show all the so-called ‘red-top’ downmarket tabloids..shedding sales year-on-year.

1999 Mail on Sunday (Nexis) 7 Mar. 20 Once committed to copious claret and red-top journalism, Campbell renounced both to pursue, with equal zeal, the defence and promotion of his boss.

2007 Gay Times Mar. 104/2 It's been left to charities..to fill the ever-increasing gap left behind by the Government as it changes priorities in the redtop wind of tabloid journalism.

B. n.

1. Chiefly North American. Any of various grasses having reddish stems or inflorescences; esp. Agrostis stolonifera, a common pasture and lawn grass, and other members of the genus Agrostis. Frequently with distinguishing word.false red-top, tall red-top: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture

windlestrawc1000

red grass1582

spring grass1643

sweet-grass1709

herd-grass1747

Guinea grass1756

vernal grass1762

vernal1771

Paspalum1772

buffalo grass1784

Rhode Island bent1790

red-top1792

finetop1824

kangaroo-grass1827

gamagrass1831

sweet vernal grass1839

yellow-top1839

grama1844

sesame grass1845

sacate1848

Para grass1850

Hungarian1859

alfilaria1860

sacaton1865

Mitchell grass1867

teosinte1877

Landsborough grass1883

turnip-grass1889

brown top1891

ichu1891

manna1897

Rhodes grass1903

Sudan1911

Kikuyu grass1913

never-fail1923

buffel grass1955

1792 in Life, Jrnls. & Corr. Rev. Manasseh Cutler (1888) II. 293 What is Bird-Grass, Red-Top, Wire-grass, Dog's-Grass?

1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 65 Tricuspis... This grass is called Red-top in the Southern States of N. America.

1840 J. Buel Farmer's Compan. (ed. 2) 228 Red-top, the herds-grass of the middle and southern States..is indigenous, perennial, and valuable for hay and pasture.

1866 Rural Amer. (Utica, N.Y.) 15 Mar. 94/3 Strap-Leaved Red-Top, similar to above, purple above ground.

1891 M. E. Wilkins Humble Romance 92 The whole yard..covered with a tall waving crop of red-top.

1958 J. G. MacGregor North-West of 16 v. 65 In bays, mostly on the west side and shaded from the afternoon sun, grew Red Top, the glory of the wild hay meadows.

2005 Detroit News (Nexis) 9 Aug. g6 Grasses are second on the allergy scene... Common culprits are timothy grass,..red top and some blue grasses.

2. Any of several varieties of turnip having a root with a purple top. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > turnip > types of

rapea1398

round rape1559

nape1562

round turnip1599

yellow turnip1707

Indian turnip1735

tankard-turnip1744

orange jelly1769

white loaf1775

rutabaga1789

Swedish turnipc1791

red-top1805

white top1807

Swede1812

yellow-top1838

ox-heart1846

1805 R. Parkinson Tour in Amer. II. xvi. 337 The sorts of turnips in general use are—the old English red-top, and green-top, with a large tap-root.

c1830 Glouc. Farm Rep. 6, in Libr. Useful Knowl., Husb. III About one-third of the whole crop consists of Swedish turnips,..the remainder of the white Norfolk and the red-tops.

1900 J. Percival Agric. Bot. xxvii. 363 They [sc. white-fleshed varieties of turnip]..are conveniently divided into (1) ‘white tops’, (2) ‘green tops’, (3) ‘purple or red tops’, and (4) ‘greystones’.

1965 Euphytica 14 3 In the last 30 years however the type ‘halflong white purple top’ (in some areas also called ‘red top’) has gradually replaced all other types [of turnip].

3. British. A tabloid newspaper.

ΚΠ

1995 Irish Times 9 May 8/7 He said the fall in sales of Irish newspapers had been matched by the increased sales of British ‘red tops’, the trade name for tabloid newspapers.

1998 Daily Tel. 16 Oct. 20/2 Then Diana died, and all the red tops suffered alarming declines.

2006 Private Eye 7 July 28/3 If the offences were a bit pettier and had roused the red-tops,..perhaps something would be done.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	red-top
释义	red-topadj.n. Brit. /ˈrɛdˌtɒp/, U.S. /ˈˌrɛdˈtɑp/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., top n.¹ Etymology: < red adj. + top n.¹ Compare slightly earlier red-topped adj.In senses A. 4 and B. 3 with allusion to the red background on which the titles of certain British newspapers are printed. A. adj. (attributive). 1. Of a plant or plant part: having a red (or purple) top; esp. in red-top grass (= sense B. 1). Cf. red-topped adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > appearance of plant > plant defined by colour or marking > [adjective] > having particular type marking or colouring streaked1600 marbled1629 muscadine1646 agated1665 silver-cupped1688 red-top1705 tessellated1723 lineate1777 fancy1793 red-tipped1800 areolated1802 white-lipped1813 variegated1818 pennaceous1819 streak-flowered1822 limbate1826 unbroken1829 sanguine-heart1840 rivulose1843 pencilled1846 areolate1847 notate1857 sigillate1858 discolor1859 discolorous1860 fumose1866 fumous1866 tricolour1866 unnetted1869 1705 R. Beverley Hist. Virginia iv. xvii. 56 It was formerly said of the Red-top Turnip, that..it degenerated into Rape. 1741 Family Mag. 146/1 Milder antiscorbutick Specificks. Male southernwood,..red-top cabbage. 1790 S. Deane New-Eng. Farmer 115/1 The red top grass is so natural to every soil in this country, that all our old fields..are full of it. 1884 Harper's Mag. July 247/1 They began with red-top clover. 1901 G. W. James Indian Basketry xii. 203 The volutes are formed by the stem of red-top grass and of a round-topped variety of the ‘chenopodium’. 1972 Daily Colonist (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 9 Mar. 5/3 The birds [sc. prairie chickens] would survive when redtop grass was raised, since it was combined in midsummer. 2005 Jrnl. Lab. & Clin. Med. 145 264/2 Atopic status was assessed by means of skin-prick testing for..grass-pollen mix (Kentucky, orchard, red-top timothy). 2. Of relating to red-top grass; made from red-top grass. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [adjective] > of particular type bluegrass1772 benty1807 spinifex1846 red-top1852 1852 Trans. Michigan Agric. Soc. 3 198 I sow clover and timothy and some red-top seed on low lands. 1884 Rep. Comm. Agric. 233 The ergot of the red-top hay in Missouri and Illinois produced identical effects with that in the wild rye of Kansas. 1907 L. H. Bailey Cycl. Amer. Agric. II. 445/1 The quantity of red-top seed used in mixtures with other grasses varies widely. 1947 M. Moore & E. M. Gildow Developing Profitable Dairy Herd xiv. 142 In case inferior roughage such as timothy or red-top hay..is used, the concentrate allowance should be somewhat heavier. 1999 Clin. & Exper. Allergy 29 66/2 [Patient] #16 was also allergic to Red Top pollen, fungi mix and wool. 3. Medicine. Designating an evacuated test tube with a red stopper, used for the collection of blood without additives (such as heparin, EDTA, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other medical equipment > [adjective] > receiving vessel Vacutainer1973 red-top1977 1977 Clin. Immunol. & Immunopathol. 8 406 10 ml of each type of blood were transferred into red-top Vacutainers. 1987 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 9 439 The new formulation of ‘red-top’ Vacutainer may be used reliably in lidocaine therapeutic drug monitoring. 2006 Jrnl. Pharmaceut. & Biomed. Anal. 42 557/1 Red top (no additives) vacuum tubes..were ordered. 4. British. Of or relating to a tabloid newspaper. ΚΠ 1996 Guardian 19 Aug. (G2 section) 17 (caption) They show all the so-called ‘red-top’ downmarket tabloids..shedding sales year-on-year. 1999 Mail on Sunday (Nexis) 7 Mar. 20 Once committed to copious claret and red-top journalism, Campbell renounced both to pursue, with equal zeal, the defence and promotion of his boss. 2007 Gay Times Mar. 104/2 It's been left to charities..to fill the ever-increasing gap left behind by the Government as it changes priorities in the redtop wind of tabloid journalism. B. n. 1. Chiefly North American. Any of various grasses having reddish stems or inflorescences; esp. Agrostis stolonifera, a common pasture and lawn grass, and other members of the genus Agrostis. Frequently with distinguishing word.false red-top, tall red-top: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fodder plants > [noun] > grasses used for hay or pasture windlestrawc1000 red grass1582 spring grass1643 sweet-grass1709 herd-grass1747 Guinea grass1756 vernal grass1762 vernal1771 Paspalum1772 buffalo grass1784 Rhode Island bent1790 red-top1792 finetop1824 kangaroo-grass1827 gamagrass1831 sweet vernal grass1839 yellow-top1839 grama1844 sesame grass1845 sacate1848 Para grass1850 Hungarian1859 alfilaria1860 sacaton1865 Mitchell grass1867 teosinte1877 Landsborough grass1883 turnip-grass1889 brown top1891 ichu1891 manna1897 Rhodes grass1903 Sudan1911 Kikuyu grass1913 never-fail1923 buffel grass1955 1792 in Life, Jrnls. & Corr. Rev. Manasseh Cutler (1888) II. 293 What is Bird-Grass, Red-Top, Wire-grass, Dog's-Grass? 1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 65 Tricuspis... This grass is called Red-top in the Southern States of N. America. 1840 J. Buel Farmer's Compan. (ed. 2) 228 Red-top, the herds-grass of the middle and southern States..is indigenous, perennial, and valuable for hay and pasture. 1866 Rural Amer. (Utica, N.Y.) 15 Mar. 94/3 Strap-Leaved Red-Top, similar to above, purple above ground. 1891 M. E. Wilkins Humble Romance 92 The whole yard..covered with a tall waving crop of red-top. 1958 J. G. MacGregor North-West of 16 v. 65 In bays, mostly on the west side and shaded from the afternoon sun, grew Red Top, the glory of the wild hay meadows. 2005 Detroit News (Nexis) 9 Aug. g6 Grasses are second on the allergy scene... Common culprits are timothy grass,..red top and some blue grasses. 2. Any of several varieties of turnip having a root with a purple top. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > turnip > types of rapea1398 round rape1559 nape1562 round turnip1599 yellow turnip1707 Indian turnip1735 tankard-turnip1744 orange jelly1769 white loaf1775 rutabaga1789 Swedish turnipc1791 Swedish turnipc1791 red-top1805 white top1807 Swede1812 yellow-top1838 ox-heart1846 1805 R. Parkinson Tour in Amer. II. xvi. 337 The sorts of turnips in general use are—the old English red-top, and green-top, with a large tap-root. c1830 Glouc. Farm Rep. 6, in Libr. Useful Knowl., Husb. III About one-third of the whole crop consists of Swedish turnips,..the remainder of the white Norfolk and the red-tops. 1900 J. Percival Agric. Bot. xxvii. 363 They [sc. white-fleshed varieties of turnip]..are conveniently divided into (1) ‘white tops’, (2) ‘green tops’, (3) ‘purple or red tops’, and (4) ‘greystones’. 1965 Euphytica 14 3 In the last 30 years however the type ‘halflong white purple top’ (in some areas also called ‘red top’) has gradually replaced all other types [of turnip]. 3. British. A tabloid newspaper. ΚΠ 1995 Irish Times 9 May 8/7 He said the fall in sales of Irish newspapers had been matched by the increased sales of British ‘red tops’, the trade name for tabloid newspapers. 1998 Daily Tel. 16 Oct. 20/2 Then Diana died, and all the red tops suffered alarming declines. 2006 Private Eye 7 July 28/3 If the offences were a bit pettier and had roused the red-tops,..perhaps something would be done. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1705
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