redbreastn.

Brit.

/ˈrɛdbrɛst/, U.S.

/ˈrɛdˌbrɛst/

Forms: see red adj. and n. and breast n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., breast n.

Etymology: < red adj. + breast n. Compare earlier ruddock n.

a. The European robin, Erithacus rubecula. Cf. later robin redbreast n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Erithacus > erithacus rubecula (robin)

ruddockOE

redbreasta1425

robineta1425

Robertc1430

robin redbreasta1525

robinc1550

Robin ruddock1554

Robin ruck1555

cock robin1710

robin breastie1824

a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 640 Frigella, robynet, redbrest.

a1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) i. 91 (MED) Þan owyr Lord turnyd þat sownde..into þe voys of a lityl bryd whech is callyd a reedbrest.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 261/2 Reed breest a byrde, rovgegorge.

1532 (?a1405) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 412 (MED) The sely wrenne, the tytemose also, The lytel redbrest haue free election To flyen yfere.

1604 M. Drayton Owle sig. B2^v Couering with Mosse the deads vnclosed eye: The little Red-breast teacheth charitye.

1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 74 Should I heare..a Horse whistle like a Red-breast, it would scare me.

a1721 M. Prior Turtle & Sparrow (1723) 18 Ye pious Redbreasts, deck his Hearse.

c1751 T. Gray Elegy in Poems (1966) 42 The Red-breast loves to build, & warble there.

1810 R. Heber Let. 10 Jan. in A. Heber Life R. Heber (1830) I. xi. 362 The cottage, the garden, and the redbreasts were all very interesting to me.

1846 E. Bulwer-Lytton Lucretia III. ii. Epil. 284 The spray of the willow trembles with the wing of the redbreast.

1894 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. III 771 Even those Redbreasts which stay in Britain during the winter are subject to a migratory movement.

1941 Amer. Midland Naturalist 26 449 Pioneer work on life history and territorial relationships was done..in Ireland on the Redbreast (Erithacus rubecula).

1989 Folklore 100 238 The very name ‘Robert’ or ‘Robin’ ordained that the redbreast had to be a cock bird.

b. Any of various other red-breasted birds of other continents; esp. (U.S.) the American robin, Turdus migratorius.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Turdus (thrush) > turdus migratorius (American robin)

red-bird1649

robin redbreast1696

robin1703

redbreast1772

red-breasted thrush1772

red thrush1827

1772 J. R. Forster tr. L.-A. de Bougainville Voy. round World 67 This seems to be the American red-breast, or turdus migratorius.

1776 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 66 105 Of small birds there are several sorts; the red breast, speckled on the back like a partridge [etc.].

1892 Auk 9 147 Large numbers..frequented the Dennis marshes and the flats outside, often..feeding on the marshes for hours together, with the Knots or Redbreasts (Tringa canutus)..and Red-backed Sandpipers.

1987 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald Jrnl. 28 June (Stars Mag.) 2/3 The obstinate redbreast would spend..hours fiercely tugging on the loose yarn fringe.

2. A nickname for: (British) a member of the Bow Street horse patrol (hence) a member of the Bow Street Runners; = robin redbreast n. 3. Also more widely: anyone who wears a bright red tunic or waistcoat as part of a uniform. Now historical.With reference to the red waistcoats worn by the Bow Street horse patrol.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman > other types of policeman

star1714

Special Constable1733

police runner1782

snoozy1823

New Policeman1830

redbreast1862

roundsman1868

state trooper1883

harness cop1891

black and tans1920

B Special1922

tans1932

1862 C. Dickens Let. 18 Apr. (1998) X. 72 The Bow-Street runners..had no other uniform than a blue dress-coat, brass buttons..and a bright red cloth waistcoat. The waistcoat was indispensable, and the slang name for them was ‘red-breasts’, in consequence.

1899 London Letter 10 Nov. 701/2 The ‘Redbreasts’, or New South Wales Lancers, who have been at Aldershot for a year.

1927 P. Herring Bold Bendigo xxxviii. 310 You didn't see anybody about that might drive off with it or any redbreasts from Bow Street?

1994 New Scientist 24 Dec. 53/1 In the early days of the penny post, postmen wore red uniforms and were commonly nicknamed Robin or Red breast.

2005 G. S. Rigakos in D. Cooley Re-imagining Policing in Canada v. 295 These patrolmen [sc. the Bow Street Patrol]..were known as the ‘redbreasts’.

3. U.S. In full redbreast sunfish. A freshwater sunfish, Lepomis auritus (family Centrarchidae), of eastern North America, the male of which has a bright orange underside.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Centrarchidae (sun-fish) > [noun] > member of genus Lepomis (sun-fish)

bream1634

roach1637

sunfish1685

round robin1709

yellowbelly1775

redbelly1791

brim1795

sun perch1804

pumpkin seed1815

sunny1835

bluegill1877

redbreast1877

tobacco-box1877

red-eared sunfish1889

shell-cracker1889

sun1896

redear1931

1877 C. Hallock Sportsman's Gazetteer i. 378 The Red-Bellied Perch; called also Red-eye and Red-Bellied Bream and Red Breast, (Ichthelis rubicunda); not found in any waters as far north as the Appomattox.

1948 New Hanover Fishing Club Prize List 30 Annual prizes for freshwater fish..Red Breast.

1969 Science 23 May 966/1 Separate tanks containing six albino channel catfish..[and] a 25-cm red-breast sunfish (Lepomis auritus).

2002 Ecol. Applic. 12 1513/1 Redbreast sunfish, Lepomis auritus, were collected twice annually from three sites.

Compounds

General attributive (in sense 1a), as redbreast bird, redbreast kind, etc.

ΚΠ

1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. P^v As the red breast byrds, Whome prettie Merlynes hold.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 255 Tis the next way to turne taylor, or be redbrest teacher.

1783 ‘P. Pindar’ More Lyric Odes to Royal Academicians i. 4 May some good Christian bard..Turn redbreast kind, and with the sweetest song Bewail our hapless fate with watry eye.

1876 T. Hardy Hand of Ethelberta I. xix. 191 Bright auburn, several shades nearer to redbreast-red than was Ethelberta's hair.

2004 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 16 Dec. 16 During the festive season, you probably won't be able to avoid seeing at least one round robin—not the feathered redbreast kind, unfortunately, but those painful newsletters.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	redbreast
释义	redbreastn. Brit. /ˈrɛdbrɛst/, U.S. /ˈrɛdˌbrɛst/ Forms: see red adj. and n. and breast n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: red adj., breast n. Etymology: < red adj. + breast n. Compare earlier ruddock n. 1. a. The European robin, Erithacus rubecula. Cf. later robin redbreast n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Erithacus > erithacus rubecula (robin) ruddockOE redbreasta1425 robineta1425 Robertc1430 robin redbreasta1525 robinc1550 Robin ruddock1554 Robin ruck1555 cock robin1710 robin breastie1824 a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 640 Frigella, robynet, redbrest. a1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) i. 91 (MED) Þan owyr Lord turnyd þat sownde..into þe voys of a lityl bryd whech is callyd a reedbrest. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 261/2 Reed breest a byrde, rovgegorge. 1532 (?a1405) J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 412 (MED) The sely wrenne, the tytemose also, The lytel redbrest haue free election To flyen yfere. 1604 M. Drayton Owle sig. B2^v Couering with Mosse the deads vnclosed eye: The little Red-breast teacheth charitye. 1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam 74 Should I heare..a Horse whistle like a Red-breast, it would scare me. a1721 M. Prior Turtle & Sparrow (1723) 18 Ye pious Redbreasts, deck his Hearse. c1751 T. Gray Elegy in Poems (1966) 42 The Red-breast loves to build, & warble there. 1810 R. Heber Let. 10 Jan. in A. Heber Life R. Heber (1830) I. xi. 362 The cottage, the garden, and the redbreasts were all very interesting to me. 1846 E. Bulwer-Lytton Lucretia III. ii. Epil. 284 The spray of the willow trembles with the wing of the redbreast. 1894 A. Newton et al. Dict. Birds: Pt. III 771 Even those Redbreasts which stay in Britain during the winter are subject to a migratory movement. 1941 Amer. Midland Naturalist 26 449 Pioneer work on life history and territorial relationships was done..in Ireland on the Redbreast (Erithacus rubecula). 1989 Folklore 100 238 The very name ‘Robert’ or ‘Robin’ ordained that the redbreast had to be a cock bird. b. Any of various other red-breasted birds of other continents; esp. (U.S.) the American robin, Turdus migratorius. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > family Muscicapidae (thrushes, etc.) > subfamily Turdinae > [noun] > genus Turdus (thrush) > turdus migratorius (American robin) red-bird1649 robin redbreast1696 robin1703 redbreast1772 red-breasted thrush1772 red thrush1827 1772 J. R. Forster tr. L.-A. de Bougainville Voy. round World 67 This seems to be the American red-breast, or turdus migratorius. 1776 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 66 105 Of small birds there are several sorts; the red breast, speckled on the back like a partridge [etc.]. 1892 Auk 9 147 Large numbers..frequented the Dennis marshes and the flats outside, often..feeding on the marshes for hours together, with the Knots or Redbreasts (Tringa canutus)..and Red-backed Sandpipers. 1987 Syracuse (N.Y.) Herald Jrnl. 28 June (Stars Mag.) 2/3 The obstinate redbreast would spend..hours fiercely tugging on the loose yarn fringe. 2. A nickname for: (British) a member of the Bow Street horse patrol (hence) a member of the Bow Street Runners; = robin redbreast n. 3. Also more widely: anyone who wears a bright red tunic or waistcoat as part of a uniform. Now historical.With reference to the red waistcoats worn by the Bow Street horse patrol. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman > other types of policeman star1714 Special Constable1733 police runner1782 snoozy1823 New Policeman1830 redbreast1862 roundsman1868 state trooper1883 harness cop1891 black and tans1920 B Special1922 tans1932 1862 C. Dickens Let. 18 Apr. (1998) X. 72 The Bow-Street runners..had no other uniform than a blue dress-coat, brass buttons..and a bright red cloth waistcoat. The waistcoat was indispensable, and the slang name for them was ‘red-breasts’, in consequence. 1899 London Letter 10 Nov. 701/2 The ‘Redbreasts’, or New South Wales Lancers, who have been at Aldershot for a year. 1927 P. Herring Bold Bendigo xxxviii. 310 You didn't see anybody about that might drive off with it or any redbreasts from Bow Street? 1994 New Scientist 24 Dec. 53/1 In the early days of the penny post, postmen wore red uniforms and were commonly nicknamed Robin or Red breast. 2005 G. S. Rigakos in D. Cooley Re-imagining Policing in Canada v. 295 These patrolmen [sc. the Bow Street Patrol]..were known as the ‘redbreasts’. 3. U.S. In full redbreast sunfish. A freshwater sunfish, Lepomis auritus (family Centrarchidae), of eastern North America, the male of which has a bright orange underside. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > family Centrarchidae (sun-fish) > [noun] > member of genus Lepomis (sun-fish) bream1634 roach1637 sunfish1685 round robin1709 yellowbelly1775 redbelly1791 brim1795 sun perch1804 pumpkin seed1815 sunny1835 bluegill1877 redbreast1877 tobacco-box1877 red-eared sunfish1889 shell-cracker1889 sun1896 redear1931 1877 C. Hallock Sportsman's Gazetteer i. 378 The Red-Bellied Perch; called also Red-eye and Red-Bellied Bream and Red Breast, (Ichthelis rubicunda); not found in any waters as far north as the Appomattox. 1948 New Hanover Fishing Club Prize List 30 Annual prizes for freshwater fish..Red Breast. 1969 Science 23 May 966/1 Separate tanks containing six albino channel catfish..[and] a 25-cm red-breast sunfish (Lepomis auritus). 2002 Ecol. Applic. 12 1513/1 Redbreast sunfish, Lepomis auritus, were collected twice annually from three sites. Compounds General attributive (in sense 1a), as redbreast bird, redbreast kind, etc. ΚΠ 1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. P^v As the red breast byrds, Whome prettie Merlynes hold. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 255 Tis the next way to turne taylor, or be redbrest teacher. View more context for this quotation 1783 ‘P. Pindar’ More Lyric Odes to Royal Academicians i. 4 May some good Christian bard..Turn redbreast kind, and with the sweetest song Bewail our hapless fate with watry eye. 1876 T. Hardy Hand of Ethelberta I. xix. 191 Bright auburn, several shades nearer to redbreast-red than was Ethelberta's hair. 2004 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 16 Dec. 16 During the festive season, you probably won't be able to avoid seeing at least one round robin—not the feathered redbreast kind, unfortunately, but those painful newsletters. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1425
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